Classroom interaction refers to communication between teachers and students in a classroom setting. Typically, the main interactions are between the teacher and individual students, the teacher and groups of students, and students talking to each other in pairs or groups. To promote classroom interaction, teachers can use techniques like questioning, group work, role plays, and other interactive activities to encourage opportunities for students to use English within the classroom. Motivation, environment, instruction, and opportunities to practice are important factors for stimulating classroom interaction.

1. m nagaRAJU
English for the Classroom

2.  Identify an
unknown or less
known colleague
 Speak to each
other
• Use ONLY
English
• Do not write
1
2
3
Activity
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What is classroom interaction?
In a typical classroom, who interacts
with whom?
How can classroom interaction be
stimulated?

3. nagaRAJU
 What is it?
 Between whom?
 Is it automatic?
 Can it be promoted?
 How?

4. English Class vs English in the Classroom
English
Teacher
Teachers of
other subjects
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5. Quiz One
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1. Close your book.
2. Erase your name.
3. Work in groups.
4. Hand in your
homework.
5. Take notes.
6. Stand up.
7. Open your book.
8. Listen to the question.
9. Correct your mistakes.
10.Watch the movie.
11.Go to the board.
12.Read page 8.
13.Listen to the question.
14.Go over the answer.
15.Turn on the projector.
16.Write your name.
17.Study page eight.
18.Give the answer.
19.Lower the shades.
20.Do your homework.
21.Take your seat.
22.Put away your book.
23.Help each other.
24. Bring in your
homework.
25.Turn off the lights.

6. Which is Most Essential?
Motivation Environment
Instruction
Opportunity to USE
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7. Opportunities for Classroom Interaction
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1. Greetings & Attendance
2. Commands & Instructions
3. Questions & Responses
4. Doubts & Clarifications
5. Praise & Encouragement

8. Classroom Greetings
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 Good morning, everyone.
 Good afternoon, class. / Hello guys!
 Students, how are you today?
 How are things?
 What a lovely / rainy / warm day!
 Today is very cold / humid, isn’t it?
 I hope you are all ready for the day.

9. Beginning the class
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 Please sit down, everyone. Take your seat.
 Let’s begin today’s lesson. It’s time to begin.
 Please stop talking and be quiet.
 I am waiting for you to be quiet.
 We won’t start until everyone is quiet.
 Settle down now so we can start.
 I think we can get down to work now.

10. Role Call
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 Put up / raise your hand.
 Yes. / Here. / Present. (Sir/Madam)
 Is Sudha absent today?
 Yes, she’s absent. / No, she is coming.
 May I come in, please?
 Come in.
 Sorry I am late.
 Late, excused.

11. Quiz Two
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‘Turn to page 4’ means . . .
a) turn the page 4 times
b) turn around 4 times
c) open the book to page 4
d) turn the book 4 times

12. During the class
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 Let’s quickly review the last lesson.
 Take out / Open your textbook.
 Turn to page 27.
 Let’s start at line 14.
 Look at / pay attention to the board..
 Come to the board.
 Write this down in your notebooks.

13. Quiz Three
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If a student doesn’t understand what the
teacher says, she should request the teacher
to ……..
a) What did you say?
b) Repeat.
c) Let’s just ignore it.
d) Please say it again.

14. During the class
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 Do you understand?
 Raise your hand if you don’t understood.
 (Do you have) Any questions?
 Let me ask you a few questions.
 Does anyone know the answer?
 Try again. Say it louder.
 Make a complete sentence.

15. Classroom Management
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 Work in / Make / Form groups of four.
 Turn your desks around. / Make a circle.
 Sit back to back. / Stand by your desks.
 Work together with your friend. / Find a partner.
 There are too many in this group.
 Can you join the other group?
 I asked for four people to a group.
 Work individually. / Work by yourselves. / Work on the task together.
 Stand up and find another partner.
 Ask someone else. / Interview someone else.

16. Quiz Four
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When you say, “Are you with me?”, you mean
a) Have you understood me?
b) Are you walking behind me?
c) Are you interested in the topic?
d) Do you live in the same area?

17. Comprehension Check
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 Are you with me? Do you follow me? / Is that clear?
 Do you get it? / Do you understand?
 I don't understand. / I don't get it, Madam.
 Say it again, Sir. / Could you repeat that, please?
 I didn’t catch / get the ….. part. / I need help / more time.
 I didn’t hear what you said after …..
 Could you please speak more slowly.

18. Quiz Five
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When students don’t understand something,
they may ask the teacher ..
a) Can you speak more slowly, please?
b) How do we spell it, Madam?
c) Could you repeat that, please?
d) Excuse me, what does it mean in Telugu?

19. Before Closing the class
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 The bell hasn't gone yet. / We still have a couple of minutes left.
 The class doesn't finish till five past four.
 We seem to have finished early. / Sit quietly until the bell goes.
 Hang on / Hold on a moment. / Just a moment, please.
 We've run out of time. We'll do the rest of this chapter next time.
 One more thing before you go. / Back to your places.
 We'll continue this chapter next Monday.

20. The End
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 Have you finished?
 Let's check the answers.
 Tomorrow, we’ll study Lesson 6.
 There is no homework for today.
 For homework, please do the exercises on page 9.
 Today’s homework is, read pages . . . to . .
 Prepare the next chapter for Monday.

21. Quiz Six
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If you say, “That’s all for today”, you mean
a) It’s the end of the day.
b) The class ends now.
c) I am leaving the school.
d) Many things have been done.

22. The End
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 There's the bell. / We'll have to stop here.
 Let’s stop now. / That's all for today.
 (I'm afraid) it's time to finish now.
 The lesson is over for today.
 Goodbye, class. / Enjoy your day.
 See you on Friday. / See you next week.
 Have a good day! / Have a nice weekend!

23. Common Errors
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 Make your homework.
 Sit on your chair.
 Open book on page 27.
 Hang them up.
 Listen me.
 Do your homework.
 Sit in your chair.
 Open book at page 27.
 Hang them on the wall.
 Listen to me.

24. Classroom Instructions
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Come here please.
Go back to your seat.
Line-up outside.
Look this way.
Put away your books.
Pass your books to the front.
Close your books.
Use a red pen.
Draw a margin
Underline the title.
Draw a line.
Write today's date.
Start a new page.
Stand at the front of the
classroom.
Stop working and listen to me.
Listen please.
Quickly/Hurry up.
Do your corrections.
Speak louder.
Speak slower.
Say again, please.
How do you spell ........?
What does ........ mean?
Repeat after me.
What else?
Anything else?
Well done/Very good.
Today we are going to.......
We are going to sing a song.
Hand in your homework
tomorrow.
Who wants some help?
Is it difficult?
I don't understand
What does this mean?
I don't know how to say.
Turn on the lights.
Turn off the lights.
Switch on the fan.
Close the door.
Open the windows.
Tidy the classroom.
Tidy your desks.
Clean the blackboard.
Have you finished yet?
May I go outside please?
Do you understand?
You have five more minutes.
We have no more time today.
See you tomorrow.

25. Classroom Feedback
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Very good
That's very good
Well done
Very fine
That's nice
I like that
Marvellous
You did a great job.
Magnificent
Terrific
Wow!
Great stuff
Fantastic
Right
Yes
Fine
Quite right
That's right.
That's it.
That's correct
That's quite right.
Yes, you've got it.
You've got the idea.
It depends
It might be, I suppose
In a way, perhaps
Sort of, yes.
That's more like it
That's much better
That's a lot better
You've improved a lot
Not really
Unfortunately, not
I'm afraid that's not quite
right
You can't say that, I'm
afraid
Good try, but not quite
right

26. More Feedback
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Have another try
Not quite right. Try again.
Not exactly
You were almost right.
That's almost it
You're halfway there
You've almost got it
There's no need to rush
We have plenty of time
Go on. Have a try
Have a go
Have a guess
What you said is perfectly all
right.
That's exactly the point.
That's just what I was looking
for.
Don't worry about your
pronunciation.
Don't worry about your
spelling.
Don't worry, it'll improve
Maybe this will help you
Do you want a clue (hint)?
You have good pronunciation.
Your pronunciation is very
good.
You are communicating well.
You speak very fluently.
You have made a lot of
progress.
You still have some trouble
with pronuncation.
You need more practice with
these words.
You'll have to spend some
time practising this.
You're getting better at it all
the time.
You've improved no ez

27. Useful English for Students
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 May I ask …….?
 How do you spell that?
 What does ……. mean?
 What is its meaning in Telugu?
 How do you say it in Telugu/English?
 What is ………… in Telugu?
 Can you give an example please?

28. nagaRAJU
m nagaRAJU
Teacher Trainer & Soft Skills Trainer
lionnagaraju@gmail.com
www.slideshare.net/lionnagaraju/presentations
https://youtube.com/c/NagarajuMnagaRAJU/videos
Facebook: Malyala Nagaraju

29. Creating Opportunities to Use
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 Q & A
 Pair Work
 Group Work
 Role Play
 Activities
 Games
 Presentations
 Workshop
 KWL
 Brainstorming
 Discussion
 Debate
 Instructions

30. Problems
Who is to blame?
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31. Problems of Teaching English as SL
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Telugu Medium
Rural Background
Lack of motivation
Lack of basic skills
Lack of environment
Student inhibitions
Diffidence
Methodology
Mother Tongue Influence
Absenteeism
Lack of technology
Large and heterogenous classes
Not an Examination Task
Problems with L, S, R, W and
Pronunciation
English proficiency of teachers

32. Possibilities
of Teaching ESL Better
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33. Possibilities / Solutions
2
Teacher
should be a
Facilitator
Teaching Method
should be
CLT
1
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34. You Become a Facilitator, when you
02 03 04
01
Foster
student-centric
climate
F
Augment
interactive
environment
A
Cultivate
communication
skills
C
Enrich
your skills
continuously
E
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35. Communication in the Classroom
T - Ss
1
T - S
2
S - T
3
Ss - T
4
5
6
S - S
Ss - Ss
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36. Language Skills for Communication
Listening
Speaking
Writing
Grammar, Vocabulary,
Pronunciation, Collocations,
Usage, Non-verbal
Reading
Receptive
Productive
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37. Do I speak/write good
English?
Know your Trouble Spots
B
C
D
E
A
How good is my
grammar?
How fluent is my
language?
How adequate is my
vocabulary?
Do I use right
collocations?
Do I use a variety
of structures?
Is my pronunciation
accurate? G
F
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38. Does your Body Speak?
Eye contact
making appropriate eye contact
Active movement
moving around
Posture
head up, alert, leaning forward
Physical distance not
very far, not very close
Radiant face smiling
warmly
Apt Gestures keeping
arms uncrossed
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39. Know your BL Trouble Spots
 Do I have trouble maintaining eye contact?
 Do I cross / wring my hands / arms / legs?
 Do I smile too much or too little?
 Do I droop / stoop / slouch?
 Is my tone /voice timid / rude / inaudible?
 Do I move about energetically or remain stationary?
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40. nagaRAJU
Need to Improve
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41. Tools
Offline & Online
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42. Building Listening Skills
http://www.elllo.org/
https://lingorank.com/
https://breakingnewsenglish.com/
http://www.eltpodcast.com/
https://www.eslpod.com/website/index.php
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43. Activity
“Hearing is through ears, but listening is through the mind.”
Hearing is when you experience the sound
waves and noise by ears, but listening is
when you receive the sound waves and
understand by paying full attention to the
speaker. Hearing is an ability, listening is a
skill. Hearing is physiological and
listening is psychological. Hearing is a
passive bodily process at the
subconscious level, but listening is an
active mental process at the conscious
level. Hearing does not require
concentration; listening requires focus.
Hearing Listening
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44. Online Resources
www.breakingnewsenglish.com
Help may be here if you want to keep the wrinkles and grey hair awa
y and slow down the aging process. New research says that eating g
reen vegetables can delay the signs of aging. Researchers say that
broccoli and avocado in particular have a compound that slows dow
n the rate we age at. It is also in green fruit and is called NMN. It hel
ps slow down the signs of getting old. Scientists say NMN can also r
efresh the metabolism. It helps restore levels of energy production in
our body that weaken as we age. It also helps reduce weight gain an
d the worsening of our vision.
The research is from the USA's Washington University School of Me
dicine. Professor Shinichiro Imai said: "We have shown a way to slo
w the physiological decline that we see in aging mice. This means ol
der mice have metabolism and energy levels resembling that of youn
ger mice." Professor Imai said NMN reduced the usual signs of agin
g. These include weaker muscles, poor liver function, lower bone de
nsity and poorer eyesight. The reason our metabolism changes over
time and leads to reduced energy levels has been a puzzle for deca
des. This latest research casts new light on this.
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45. Building Pronunciation Skills
https://www.bbc.co.uk/learningenglish/english/f
eatures/pronunciation/introduction
https://forvo.com/
http://www.photransedit.com/
https://howjsay.com/
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