Effects of Smartphone Addiction on the Academic Performances of Grades 9 to 12 Students of Saint Anthony Academy of Quezon City

1. By Group 4
Effects of Smartphone
Addiction on the
Academic
Performances of Grades
9 to 12 Students of
Saint Anthony Academy
of Quezon City

2. MEMBERS
Binoya, Alwina Faye
Cuenco, Shemaiah Joseph
Jamilla, Chloe Shante
Salta, Gyan Ralph
Santos, Miren Amale
Villafranca, Rose Noelle
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Senior High School
Program - Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics Strand

3. CHAPTER
1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

4. INTRODUCTION
Smartphones are commonly used by young college
and university students. Students appear to be
vulnerable to technology overuse due to their
developmental dynamics, freedom, and lack of
societal and familial responsibility. Since addiction can
manifest in many different ways, internet addiction is
one of those addictions that shares some
characteristics with others. Beyond the parallels
between the internet and smartphone, the latter
offers some notable features that the former lacks.

5. BACKGROUND OF THE
STUDY
While a smartphone, tablet, or computer can be a very
useful tool, excessive usage of these gadgets can harm
relationships, jobs, and education. It may be time to
reevaluate your technology use if you find that you spend
more time online, on social media, or playing games than
you do engage with actual people, or if you find that you
are constantly checking your messages, emails, or apps—
even when doing so has negative effects on your life.
Smartphone addiction is frequently driven by an online
overuse issue or an internet addiction condition, which is
also referred to as "nomophobia" (fear of being without a
mobile phone). After all, it is usually games, apps, and
online worlds that a phone or tablet connects us to that
cause the compulsion rather than the device itself.
(Robinson, Smith, & Segal, 2019)

6. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
Theory of Planned
Behavior
o centers on people's intentions toward concepts, beliefs, values, standards,
and self-control. These intentions together shape the attitude a person has
and the way they respond to or interpret their environment.
o Self-Efficacy
o Interaction Competencies
o Behavioral Intention

7. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
Attachment Theory
o By John Bowlby
o Mobile attachment is one theoretical framework for comprehending the
psychological and emotional components of smartphone involvement.
o Ainsworth and colleagues advanced the concept of attachment by identifying
attachment insecurity, which is frequently exhibited as anxiety and avoidance
symptoms, through their "Strange Situation Procedure."

8. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

9. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Figure 1. The conceptual model of the study
The Input, Process, Output (IPO) model was utilized in the figure to
illustrate how the data collected will be tabulated, providing the
researchers with a clear understanding of the research flow. This model
can help researchers to better understand the relationship between
different variables in their study, and how they are connected to each
other. By using an IPO model, researchers can organize their thoughts and
ideas and plan their research methodology in a more systematic and
efficient way.

10. STATEMENT OF
THE PROBLEM
The study aims to determine the
negative effects of smartphone
addiction on the learning of students
in Grades 9 through 12 at Saint
Anthony Academy in Quezon City.

11. RESEARCH QUESTIONS
How do smartphones affect the overall academic performance of a
student?
How can the use of smartphone addiction affect the academic
performances of the students from Saint Anthony Academy of
Quezon City in terms of:
a. Interaction Competency
b. Smartphone Self-Efficacy
c. Behavioral Intention to use Smartphones
1
2

12. HO
HA
There is a significant relationship
between smartphone addiction and
the student’s learning and
academic performance.
There is no significant relationship
between smartphone addiction and
the student’s learning and
academic performance.
HYPOTHESIS

13. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
Findings from this
study may provide
them with ideas
about the possible
struggles of their child
with smartphone
addiction
Students
Findings from this
study may give
them ideas on
how and when to
use their
smartphones
properly.
Teachers
This study might
provide them with
a clearer insight
into the root cause
of the decrease in
the academic
performance of
their pupils.
Parents Administrators
They may use
this study in
promoting the
responsible use
of smartphones
among students
Future
Reseachers
The results of this
study can be
utilized by future
researchers as a
reference for
their future
studies.
The following are the beneficiaries of the study:

14. SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS
This study is concentrated on the effects of
smartphone addiction on the students'
overall academic performance. The data
gathered is limited to grades 9 to 12
students of Saint Anthony Academy of
Quezon City. The researchers will only
focus on this school and not gather data
and information from other institutions.

15. DEFINITION OF TERMS
These are advanced technological
gadgets usually as big or bigger than
your hand that are commonly used
for day-to-day activities. Some
include communication, learning, or
recreational activities.
Academic Performances
It refers to the overall
activeness and punctuality of a
student in their educational
activities
Learning
It refers to the gaining
of new knowledge for
students.
Smartphones Smartphone Addiction
This is the overuse of
smartphones that
distracts students from
school activities.
To facilitate a better understanding of the study, the following terms are defined
operationally:

16. CHAPTER
2
REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE
AND STUDIES

17. 2.1 Smartphone
Addiction
o The inability to control smartphone use
despite its negative effects on consumers
is referred to as smartphone addiction
o Negative interactions with family
members and peers are additional
important contributors to smartphone
addiction (Ihm, 2018)
o Over the past few years, smartphone use
has increased among teenagers in the
Philippines. Teenagers and young adults
(16 to 24 years old) own the most
smartphones in the nation.
o According to research published in 2020,
62.6% of Filipino teenagers have SA

18. 2.2 Smartphone Addiction and Academic
Performance
o The use of smartphones by students during and after class hours can have negative effects on
their academic performance. Students may use unallowed materials or assistance during
examinations, which can lead to cheating.
o Kibona and Mgaya (2015) conducted a study, and the results indicate that independent of
participants' age, gender, or student status, there is a negative relationship between
smartphone addiction and academic performance among Tanzanian students. It has been
discovered that general smartphone addiction has a negative effect on academic
achievement. (Khan, 2019)
o As they become increasingly reliant on their smartphones, students' academic performance
will decrease since they will be less focused on their academics.
o Researchers identified two primary causes of smartphone addiction: first, it keeps pupils from
feeling alone. Second, the gadget manufacturers specifically targeted young people in their
advertising, and they often updated the programs and versions of cell phones to appeal to
them.

19. 2.2 Smartphone Addiction and Academic
Performance
o One possible reason for the negative effects of smartphones on academic performance is the
fear of missing out (FOMO). Students may become distracted when they receive notifications
or messages from their friends or colleagues.
o Another problem that arises from smartphone use is procrastination, which can lead to stress
and anxiety.

20. 2.3 Influence of
Smartphone Addiction in
Distance Learning
o According to Üniversitesi (2021), During the
pandemic in 2020, the educational system in
the Philippines made a huge turn from face-to-
face set-up to online classes, enabling the
students to be overexposed to gadgets and
computer screens. Over the years, literature has
revealed that smartphone addiction
accompanied by stress eventually affects
individuals' holistic well-being.

21. 2.4 Smartphone
Addiction Intervening
Role of Academic
Procrastination
o Academic procrastination happens when
students put off performing or completing an
academic task for an extended time without a
valid reason. This occurs when students
redirect their attention away from their
academic responsibilities. Moreover,
academic procrastination, for instance, arises
when students become engaged in social
media and become sidetracked from finishing
academic obligations on time.

22. o Kim's research in South Korea revealed that smartphone addiction has real
repercussions that have an impact on student progress (Kim, 2013)
o Moreover, Hawi & Samaha (2016) discovered a link between poor exam
scores and extensive smartphone use. This was thought to be partially caused
by the student's propensity to multitask on their smartphones while completing
coursework, as opposed to focusing on one subject at a time.
2.5 Smartphone Addiction and Learning

23. 2.6 Difference and
Correlation between
Smartphone Addiction and
Nomophobia
o Nomophobia and smartphone addiction are
related but distinct concepts. Nomophobia
refers to the fear or anxiety of being without
one's mobile phone or losing its connectivity,
while smartphone addiction is the excessive
and compulsive use of smartphones that
leads to negative consequences in daily life,
such as academic performance, relationships,
and mental health.

24. SYNTHESIS AND RELEVANCE OF THE
REVIEWED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
Smartphone addiction refers to the inability to control smartphone
use despite its negative effects on consumers. Studies show high
rates of smartphone addiction among college students and
teenagers, with negative interactions with family members and
peers as important contributors. The use of smartphones during
and after class can negatively impact academic performance, with
non-academic use of technology leading to distraction such as
procrastination and some even cheating. There is a negative
relationship between smartphone addiction and academic
performance among students, which can be attributed to the fear
of missing out (FOMO).

25. CHAPTER
3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

26. METHOD OF RESERCH
The Correlational method was used in this study.
In a non-experimental research method known as
correlational research, a researcher evaluates two
variables, analyzes the statistical relationship
between them, and makes conclusions without
the help of any additional factors. (Fleetwood,
2018).

27. Population
The population of the
study will include
students in Quezon City.
Sample Size
The researchers will focus on
the students in grades 9 to 12
students from Saint Anthony
Academy of Quezon City as
their main sample size. The
overall sample size is 191.
Sampling
Technique
The sampling technique
that the researchers will
use is Convenience
Sampling.
POPULATION, SAMPLE SIZE, AND SAMPLING
TECHNIQUE

28. SAMPLE SIZE (TABLE)
Grade Level and Section Number of Students
9 - Mendeleev 22
9 - Lavoisier 23
9 - Dalton 23
Total: 69
10 - Einstein 25
10 - newton 26
Total: 51
11 - STEM 21
11 - ABM 4
11 - HUMSS 4
Total: 29
12 - STEM 24
12 - ABM 14
12 - HUMSS 4
Total: 42
Total Sample Size: 191

29. Table 3.1 Total Sample Size
The researchers obtained the total sample size by directly asking students
from each section the number of students present. The table shows the
number of students in each section, which were then added to obtain a
sample size of 191.

30. RESPONDENTS OF
THE STUDY
The respondents of this study
will be limited only to the
Grades 9, 10, 11, and 12
students of Saint Anthony
Academy of Quezon City for
the school year 2022-2023.

31. RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
o In this study, the researchers will be using a
questionnaire. It consists of three categories:
demographics, consent, and the survey
questionnaire. Questionnaires are popular
research methods because they offer a fast,
efficient, and inexpensive means of gathering
large amounts of information from sizable
sample volumes.
o The questionnaires are distributed through an
online software called Google Forms.
o The four-point Likert scale was used to analyze
questionnaire items.
o Reliability Analysis - This method is used to
measure the consistency and stability of a
research instrument or measurement tool, such
as a questionnaire or survey.

32. THE 4-POINT LIKERT SCALE
Scale Range Interpretation
4 4.00 – 3.00 Strongly Agree
3 2.99 – 2.00 Agree
2 1.99 – 1.00 Disagree
1 1.00 – 0.99 Strongly
Disagree
Table 3.1 Total Sample Size

33. DATA-GATHERING
PROCEDURE

34. STATISTICAL TREATMENT OF
DATA
1. Percentage Frequency
o also known as relative frequency, is a statistical
measure that represents the proportion or
percentage of observations or data points in a
given category relative to the total number of
observations in the dataset.
o The formula used is as below: Where:
% = percentage
f = frequency
n = number of
students based on
their choices

35. Where:
f = weight given to each response
x = number of responses
xn = total number of responses
= summation symbol
According to Vedantu (2023), this is a
type of average that takes into account
the fact that some data points
contribute more than others to the
overall mean value
2. Weighted Mean
∑

36. 3. Factor Analysis
According to Mukhdoomi et al (2020), Factor Analysis is a statistical
method used to identify the underlying structure of a set of
correlated variables by explaining their changes in terms of a smaller
number of unknown variables called factors

37. 4. Regression Analysis
Regression analysis is a statistical
technique utilized for examining the
potential alteration in one variable
corresponding to changes in another
variable.

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