This Economic SBA (School-Based Assessment) serves as a valuable resource designed to guide and assist students in their understanding of economic principles and concepts. It is crucial to emphasize that the content presented herein is intended for educational purposes only. This SBA is not to be copied or reproduced in any form, as it is a unique and personalized learning tool for individual students. Plagiarism undermines the integrity of academic work and hinders the learning process. Instead, students are encouraged to use this SBA as a reference and a foundation for their own independent research and analysis, promoting a deeper comprehension of economic theories. The objective is to foster critical thinking, analytical skills, and a genuine understanding of economic dynamics among students.

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SCHOOL BASED ASSESSMENT
Topic: An investigation into the demand for minute maid juice amongst form
4 students of San Juan South Secondary for period ending March 2023.
Territory: Trinidad and Tobago
School: San Juan South Secondary School
Form: 5
Teacher: Mr. Shivanand Sookhai
Group Members/Candidate No.: N/A

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Table of Contents
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.......................................................................................................2
TOPIC.......................................................................................................................................3
ISSUE/PROBLEM...................................................................................................................4
OBJECTIVES ..........................................................................................................................5
BACKGROUND/OVERVIEW ..............................................................................................6
METHODOLOGY ..................................................................................................................8
PRESENTATION OF DATA...............................................................................................11
ANALYSIS OF DATA ..........................................................................................................21
FINDINGS..............................................................................................................................24
CONCLUSION ......................................................................................................................25
RECOMMENDATIONS.......................................................................................................26
BIBLIOGRAPHY..................................................................................................................27
APPENDIX.............................................................................................................................28

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Acknowledgement
Firstly, we would like to thank everyone who would have helped with the completion of this
School-Based Assessment. Thanking God for the opportunity to do this SBA, for the
guidance, strength and wisdom to complete this SBA. We would like to thank other persons
such as: Our economics teacher for his constant guidance and advice. Our families,
supporting and guiding us during the execution of this SBA. Lastly, the persons who filled
out our research questions/questionnaires.

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Topic
An investigation into the demand for minute maid juice amongst form 4 students of San Juan
South Secondary for period ending March 2023.

5. 4
Issue/Problem
Trinidad and Tobago is located in the tropics, which tends to be of a higher temperature than
most countries. Subsequently, the high temperatures may lead to students’ desire to quench
their thirst. We’ve observed that majority of students gravitated towards Minute Maid juice
from the schools’ cafeteria. Due to inflation, reached highlighted the immense price
increases. In spite of Minute Maid being a popular drink at school a sudden increase in the
selling price can hinder the demand for Minute Maid. As a result this prompt our interest on
the topic leading us to pursue this research project.

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Objectives
The aims and objectives of this investigation are:
1. To establish the relationship between the price of a minute maid and quantity demanded.
2. To examine the demand on Minute Maid as a complementary good.
3. To examine the demand on various substitute goods when Minute Maid is unavailable.
4. To determine the other factors affecting the demand for minute maid.

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Background/Overview
Minute Maid began in 1945 as Florida Foods Corporation. National Research Corporation
organized Florida Foods Corporation to build a production plant in Plymouth Florida. A
Boston company developed a method of turning orange juice powder with the idea of selling
it to the army for use during World War II. The War ended before the powder could be
produced, and the company temporarily abandoned its plans for a powder.
Instead, it pioneered frozen concentrate and produced its first product in 1946, and diverted
its focus to the consumer market. The company was so small, it could not advertise, and the
firm’s president went door to door handing out samples. It adopted the Minute Maid name in
1949. The name of Minute Maid was an idea of a Boston advertising agency. They explored
the possibility of marketing an “intermediate step” in the production process – frozen orange
juice concentrate. And it was a success.
A few years later Florida Foods Corporations was renamed as The Minute Maid Company.
In 1960, The Coca-Cola Company acquired Minute Maid through a stock swap. The Coca-
Cola Company then introduced ready to drink chilled juice in 1973 and in 1996 ‘Minute
Maid Premium, 100% Pure Squeezed Juice.
Minute Maid orange juice debuted in vertically oriented cans covered with oranges. But by
1964, with most of the competition featuring similar citrus designs, the company decided to
go with something different, a label that was predominantly black.
The gamble worked so well that by the mid 1990s Minute Maid was compelled to images of
oranges in order to stand out from all the food products that had copied their black packaging.
In November 2015, Coca-Cola revealed that they will introduce a new product called Minute
Maid Sparkling in March 2016. It is important to note that minute maid helps build healthy
bones and also provides a good source of Vitamin C, Folate, Potassium and Thiamin. In
addition, it’s made up of real fruit juice.

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This research is important because if the price for Minute Maid increases and our allowance
stays the same we’ll then have to purchase less items than before due to insufficient funds.
Consequently, it can lead to students referring to substitute goods trying to stay within their
budget. In addition, the assumption can be made that the sale of Minute Maid will decrease if
there’s any price increase (question 6). Parents may not be able to give their children more
funds to accommodate the price increase therefore leading to a decreased standard of living in
society. As a result our interest was peak and decided to pursue this research.

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Methodology
The research for this School Based Assessment was conducted with the use of a questionnaire
to acquire the views and insight of demand for Minute Maid. There were 20 respondents in
the conduction and completion of this SBA. The questionnaire consisted of 9 questions all in
which were enclosed (primary source; appendix). The use of the internet to obtain
information about the history of Minute Maid and the use of books to further our knowledge
on demand and ways to go about our SBA (secondary source; bibliography).
Type of Data
Quantitative: Quantitative data is any data that is in numerical form such as statistics,
percentages, etc. The researcher examines the data with the help of statistics and believes
numbers will yield an unbiased result that can be generalised to some larger population.
This method of data collection (Quantitative Research) was chosen because it provided a
simple and accurate way of acquiring data and made it easier to quantify the respondents'
views.
Primary resource
Questionnaire- The questionnaire contained questions of which were restricted allowing the
data to be easily tabulated, It was sent out to a number of form 4 students where we received
20 responses. The responses were then analysed as a collective.
Advantages:
• Compared to face-to-face questionnaires, there are no printing expenses to worry
about with the online questionnaire, making it a cost-efficient approach.
Disadvantages:
• It took a lengthy period to gather responses due to some students not receiving the
questionnaire.

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Secondary resources
Textbook- The textbook was used to gather further information on "demand"; also to have a
look at the SBA samples to obtain better understanding on how to put the SBA together.
Internet- The internet was used to gather information on the history of Minute Maid, also to
look at various up to date SBA samples to help us achieve better knowledge on the
completion of our SBA.
Advantages:
• Better understanding on how the demand for Minute Maid would’ve either increased
or decreased.
• Able to access many different SBA samples which guided us.
• Gathering information on the history was quickly done.
Disadvantages:
• The SBA sample in the textbook is outdated therefore we couldn’t rely on only the
textbook for help.
• False information, having to go through many different articles in order to gain
accurate information on Minute Maid.

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Limitations
There were a couple of limitations faced, they’re as follows:
• A handful of students didn’t understand the questions and its economic terms.
• Obtaining responses was quite a task due to my group and I not having contact with
the form 4 students.
• Information from secondary sources weren’t accurate at times therefore the group and
I had to double check everything that was researched, making sure it was accurate.
• It was a challenge for my group to meet and discuss the progression of the SBA at
times due to their personal reasons.

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Presentation of Data
Question 1: Do you purchase Minute Maid?
Reponses # of students Mean Median Mode
Yes 16 10 10 4
No 4
Pie Chart 1: Showing the percentage
The above pie chart shows that 80% of students purchase Minute Maid. On the other hand,
20% of individuals do not purchase Minute Maid.
The above 2x3 table shows the number of students which chose different responses.

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Question 2: How often do you consume a Minute Maid?
Responses # of students Mean Median Mode
Rarely 9 10 9 10
Frequently 10
Never 1
Pie chart: Showing the percentage
The above pie chart shows that 50% of students purchase Minute Maid frequently. Whereas
45% of students purchase Minute Maid rarely, leaving 5% of students that never consume
Minute Maid.
The above 2x4 table shows the number of students which chose different responses.

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Question 3: Rate Minute Maid in your opinion on the scale below.
Responses # of students Mean Median Mode
Rating of 4 1 2.86 2.5 4
Rating of 5 2
Rating of 6 4
Rating of 7 4
Rating of 8 3
Rating of 9 2
Rating of 10 4
Column Chart: Showing the percentage/numbers
The above column chart shows the personal rating of Minute Maid by who filled out the
questionnaire. 85%/seventeen individuals gave it a rating above 5and above whereas 15%/
three individuals were five or below.
The above 2x8 table shows the number of students which chose different responses.

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Question 4: Tick the factors which affect your purchase of Minute Maid.
Responses # of students Mean Median Mode
Taste 16 8.5 4.5 16
Price 6
Influence from others 3
Availability 9
Bar chart: Showing the percentage/numbers
The bar chart above shows the factors affecting the purchase of Minute Maid. 45% of/nine
individuals tick availability, whilst 15% of/three individuals tick the influence of others. On
the other hand, 30%/six individuals tick price and lastly, 80% of/sixteen individuals tick taste
as the factor affecting their purchase.
The above 2x5 table shows the number of students which chose different responses.

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Question 5: Are you satisfied or dissatisfied with the pricing of Minute Maid?
Responses # of students Mean Median Mode
Satisfied 10 10 10 10
Dissatisfied 10
Pie chart: Showing the percentage
The above pie chart shows the satisfaction and dissatisfaction of the pricing on Minute Maid.
Whilst 50% of/ten individuals are satisfied with the current pricing the other 50% of/ten
individuals expressed their dissatisfaction with the current pricing.
The above 2x3 table shows the number of students which chose different responses.
NOTE: the green and yellow fall under dissatisfaction.

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Question 6: If the price of Minute Maid increased, would you still purchase it?
Responses # of students Mean Median Mode
Yes 17 10 10 3
No 3
Pie chart: Showing the percentage
The above pie chart shows whether or not people would still purchase Minute Maid if the
price increased. 85% of/seventeen individuals said they would not purchase Minute Maid if
there was to be an increase in price whereas 15% of/three individuals said they will still
purchase it.
The above 2x3 table shows the number of students which chose different responses.

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Question 7: If the price of Minute Maid decreased, would you purchase more or less?
Responses # of students Mean Median Mode
More 16 10 10 4
Less 4
Pie chart: Showing the percentage
The above pie chart shows whether the population would purchase more or less if the price of
Minute Maid decreased. 80% of/sixteen individuals said they’ll purchase more Minute Maid,
on the other hand, 20% of/ four individuals said they’ll purchase less.
The above 2x3 table shows the number of students which chose different responses.

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Question 8: Do you purchase Minute Maid as a complementary good?
Responses # of students Mean Median Mode
Yes 14 10 10 6
No 6
Pie chart: Showing the percentage
The above pie chart shows whether or not persons purchase Minute Maid as a complementary
good. 70% of/fourteen individuals said yes they purchase it as a complementary good
whereas 30% of/six individuals said no they do not purchase it as a complementary good.
The above 2x3 table shows the number of students which chose different responses.

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Question 9: Do you purchase minute Maid alongside any other good?
Responses # of students Mean Median Mode
Breakfast 10 6.7 10 10
Lunch 7
A snack 3
Pie Chart: Showing the percentage
The above pie chart shows the goods in which Minute Maid is purchased alongside. 50% of/
10 individuals saying that they purchase breakfast, 35% of/ 7 individuals saying they
purchase lunch and lastly, 15% of/ 3 individuals saying they purchase a snack with Minute
Maid being the complementary good.
The above table shows the number of students which chose different responses.

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Question 10: If Minute Maid isn't available, what good would you purchase as a substitute?
Responses # of students Mean Median Mode
Water 7 6.7 7 5
Another Juice 8
Soda 5
Pie chart: Showing the percentage
The above pie chart shows what substitute good persons will purchase if Minute Maid is
unavailable. 40% of/eight individuals said that they will purchase a different juice, 25% of/
five individuals said that they will purchase soda and lastly, 35% of/seven individuals said
that they will purchase water as the substitute good
The above 2x4 table shows the number of students which chose different responses.

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$7
$8
Quantity
Demanded
Q2 Q1
Analysis of Data
This data was analysed with the aid of the questionnaire and the objectives of the SBA.
Objective 1 - To establish the relationship between the price of a Minute Maid and quantity
demanded.
Question 5 shows both the satisfaction and dissatisfaction of students towards the price.
There was a 50/50 response in both answers which can lead to an assumption being made that
the price is just about right or can be decreased to satisfy as much as possible.
Question 6 shows that students are not in agreement with a price increase and will therefore
not purchase the product if it was to occur. Assuming the demand will fall with an increase in
price. The below diagram shows what happens when this occurs.
Question 7 shows that students are most definitely in agreement with a decrease in price.
With the responses received, majority of students stated that they will purchase more of the
product if there was a decrease in price. Triggering an upwards shift in demand. The below
diagram shows what happens when this occurs.
Quantity
Demanded
Q1 Q2
$7
$6

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Objective 2 - To examine the demand on Minute Maid as a complementary good.
Question 8 supports Minute Maid being purchased as a complementary good. 70%
of/fourteen students said yes, they purchase the product as a complementary good whereas
30% of/six individuals said no, they do not purchase Minute Maid as a complementary good.
Making the assumption that the other 30% drink Minute Maid by itself.
Question 9 also supports Minute Maid being purchased as a complementary good. With 50%
of/ten students choosing breakfast, 35% of/seven students picking lunch and lastly, 15% of/
three students stating that they purchase a snack. The above three are goods in which Minute
Maid complements its purchase making it a complementary good.
Objective 3 - To examine the demand on various substitute goods when Minute Maid is
unavailable.
With the aid of Question 10 we were able to examine the relationship between Minute Maid
and goods on substitute. When there isn’t any Minute Maid students purchase substitute
goods such as:
Water - 35% (7)
Soda - 25% (5)
Another juice - 40% (8)
With the above information, it shows that there are a variety of options to choose from when
Minute Maid is unavailable. With another juice (there can be a variety of options) being the
most selected, water being second to none and soda being least selected because cafeterias
aren’t allowed to sell soda.
Objective 4 - To determine the other factors affecting demand for Minute Maid.
With the aid of question 4, it was concluded that the factors affecting the quantity of minute
maid demanded by the students were:
Taste – 80% (16)
Availability – 45% (9)
Price – 30% (6)
Influence from others – 15% (3)
Note: this question was a multiple choice.

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Firstly, with taste being the most picked factor, the assumption can be made that this product
is extremely tasty. Also, in question 3 where students had to rate minute maid 90% (18) of
the answers were 5 and above aiding this assumption. Secondly, availability was second most
picked; it can be assumed that students purchase this product whenever it’s available. With
price being third, an assumption can be made that students are both satisfied and dissatisfied
with the pricing of this product; question 5 aids this assumption. With the influence of others
being least picked with 15% (3), it can be assumed that not many individuals speak on the
product as expected.

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Findings
The findings of this SBA are aided by the presentation and analysis of data.
1. The relationship between the price of minute maid and quantity demand is that if the
price was to increase the quantity demanded would fall whereas if the price was to
decrease the quantity demanded would rise.
2. There is a demand for Minute Maid on complementary. With Minute Maid being
purchased with three different items, such as: breakfast, lunch and a snack.
3. The demand on various substitute goods when Minute Maid is unavailable is of which
another juice being highest in demand amongst water and soda; water being second in
demand and soda being the least in demand.
4. The other factors affecting demand for minute maid are its taste, availability, price
and the influence of others.

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Conclusion
In completion of this school-based assessment, we can splendidly say that all objectives were
met. Based on the findings we discovered that if the price was to increase the quantity
demanded for Minute Maid would decrease. Conversely, if the price was to decrease the
quantity demanded for said product would increase. In the instance of Minute Maids’
unavailability, it is substituted with other goods, such as: another juice, water or soda. Also,
Minute Maid is purchased as a complementary for three different goods, breakfast, lunch and
a snack . Investigations were done on the other factors affecting the demand and they’re as
follows; taste, availability, price and the influence of others. Consequently, it can be settled
that this investigation was successful.

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Recommendations
The cafeteria can endeavour improving their strategies which can boost sales on Minute Maid
giving it a better competitive edge in the market. We’ve put together a few recommendations
based on our findings, they’re as follows:
1. Decrease of price, even though 50% are satisfied with the price , a decrease in price
will trigger individuals to purchase more of the product due to affordability causing a
rise in demand.
2. Specials, seeing that Breakfast was the most picked for Minute Maid’s complement. There
should be a special where both breakfast items and Minute Maid are sold together to boost the
sales in said good.
3. A new flavour, with there being only two flavours of Minute Maid in the cafeteria but
multiple outside of school. We suggest implementing a new flavour or two,
individuals may want to try new things. This can cause a rise in demand based on
many factors.
4. Samples, samples of Minute Maid should be given out. This will attract a crowd of
people to try the product, once they like it, they may purchase one or tell their friends
about it causing them to trigger a purchase. This will raise the sales as well as the
demand for Minute Maid.
5. Availability, with a products’ never-ending supply, individuals may tend to purchase
a substitute item because they’re weary of this product. This can decrease the
purchase of goods and also cause a fall in demand. We suggest always removing
stock for a while, giving students time to notice its removal, making them want to
purchase once returned.
6. Better advertising, with better advertising of the product, it can reach further than
already is due to the influence of others. Once one person purchases the product they
may tell a friend and that friend may tell another friend and so forth, this will cause a
rise in demand.
7. Refrain from price increasing, 85% of individuals stated that if the price was to
increase they would purchase less of this product. Therefore causing a fall in demand.

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Bibliography
Dr. Hosein, R. Stanlake, G F. (2005). Longman Economics for CXC. Edinburgh Gate,
England: Pearson Education Limited.
Gopie P. (2010). Economics for CSEC examinations. Oxford: Macmillan Education
Shortnotes of History. (2015, November). Minute Maid in history. Retrieved from SH Online
https://historyshortnotes.blogspot.com/2015/11/minute-maid-in-history.html
The Healthy Journal. (2023). Is Minute Maid a healthy drink? Retrieved from THJ Online:
https://www.thehealthyjournal.com/faq/why-is-minute-maid-orange-juice-so-
good#:~:text=Is%20Minute%20Maid%20a%20healthy,%2C%20Folate%2C%20Potassium%
20and%20Thiamin.

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Appendix
Hi, my group and I are students of the San Juan South Secondary school. We are seeking
information which can assist us in our research questions on the demand of minute maid in
the school's cafeteria. You can help us retrieve our information by filling out the form below.
Honest responses please, thank you in advance.
1. Do you purchase Minute Maid?
a. Yes
b. No
2. How often do you consume a Minute Maid?
a. Rarely
b. Frequently
c. Never
3. Rate Minute Maid in your opinion on the scale below.
a. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
4. Tick the factors which affect your purchase of Minute Maid.
a. Taste
b. Price
c. Influence from others
d. Availability
5. Are you satisfied or dissatisfied with the pricing of Minute Maid?
a. Yes
b. No
6. If the price of Minute Maid increased, would you still purchase it?
a. Yes
b. No

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7. If the price of Minute Maid decreased, would you purchase more or less?
a. More
b. Less
8. Do you purchase Minute Maid as a complementary good?
a. Yes
b. No
9. Do you purchase Minute Maid alongside any other good?
a. Breakfast
b. Lunch
c. A Snack
10. If Minute Maid isn't available, what good would you purchase as a substitute?
a. Water
b. Another juice
c. Soda