Process heat requirement constitutes a large part of global energy demand. Solar thermal harnesses heat from the sun that can be effectively used for process heat requirements, and save upto 30% cost when compared to conventional energy sources like gas, diesel, electricity etc.
HMX offers solar thermal solutions for steam generation and high-temperature hot water for a range of applications such as process heating, CIP (clean in place), pasteurization, distillation, cooking, air heating, etc., across industries and commercial establishments.
ORC ElectraTherm Green Machine - waste heat to power, Power generationRado Irgl
ElectraTherm's Green Machine converts low temperature water flows into fuel-free, emission-free electric power. The Green Machine output range is from 20 kWe to 65kWe, based on temperatures and flows.
The Green Machine, is an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) based heat-to-power generating system. It captures waste energy from small, distributed hot water sources such as stationary engine jacket water, biomass boilers, solar thermal and co-produced (or geothermal) fluids to generate 25 - 65kWe of fuel-free, emissions-free electricity. Factory assembled and tested, it is skid mounted and available as a single unit or in multiples to match the available heat.
The patented twin screw expander and ElectraTherm’s ORC system specifically targets low temperature and abundant resources. Our current upper limit for input to the machine is 240°F/116°C. However, if there is potential to reduce the hot water source via a secondary loop, the Green Machine can be utilized.
A biogas plant that uses the Green Machine converts excess engine heat
into valuable electricity and reduces existing on-site electrical cooling loads
for the engine. The Green Machine increases biogas plant efficiency and lowers fuel requirements for the biogas engine. This means increased revenue
for the biogas plant.
http://www.cogenera.si/
Solar-Organic Rankine Cycle. Basic idea of Organic-Rankine cycle. Comparison of various working fluid for a Solar ORC based on the tests conducted on a simple ORC system of 2KW capacity operating on a solar water heater (water temp. 90C) as a source of heat. Comparison made on the basis of efficiency, pressure ratio, turbine exit volume flow rate, mass flow rate, heat input, Environmental considerations, toxicity, flammability.
Development of a thermal energy storage system in a domestic environment into...Nelson García Polanco
My speech on April 27, 2015 at Energy Storage World Forum Rome, was focused on how to recover and reuse low-temperature wasted heat from kitchen appliances, and the technologies for the thermal energy storage. A full prototype of Thermal Energy Storage (TES) system was created. The TES system is based on a packed bed of macro-encapsulated phase change material (PCM). Typical household appliances were analyzed in order to evaluate the waste heat produced on the basis of the average user habits at European level.
Fuel Cells need a hydrogen source, but there is a a lack of existing hydrogen infrastructures. This need for hydrogen available anywhere has lead ETI to develop a rugged, tactical Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System (HFRS) that accepts multiple feedstocks.
ORC ElectraTherm Green Machine - waste heat to power, Power generationRado Irgl
ElectraTherm's Green Machine converts low temperature water flows into fuel-free, emission-free electric power. The Green Machine output range is from 20 kWe to 65kWe, based on temperatures and flows.
The Green Machine, is an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) based heat-to-power generating system. It captures waste energy from small, distributed hot water sources such as stationary engine jacket water, biomass boilers, solar thermal and co-produced (or geothermal) fluids to generate 25 - 65kWe of fuel-free, emissions-free electricity. Factory assembled and tested, it is skid mounted and available as a single unit or in multiples to match the available heat.
The patented twin screw expander and ElectraTherm’s ORC system specifically targets low temperature and abundant resources. Our current upper limit for input to the machine is 240°F/116°C. However, if there is potential to reduce the hot water source via a secondary loop, the Green Machine can be utilized.
A biogas plant that uses the Green Machine converts excess engine heat
into valuable electricity and reduces existing on-site electrical cooling loads
for the engine. The Green Machine increases biogas plant efficiency and lowers fuel requirements for the biogas engine. This means increased revenue
for the biogas plant.
http://www.cogenera.si/
Solar-Organic Rankine Cycle. Basic idea of Organic-Rankine cycle. Comparison of various working fluid for a Solar ORC based on the tests conducted on a simple ORC system of 2KW capacity operating on a solar water heater (water temp. 90C) as a source of heat. Comparison made on the basis of efficiency, pressure ratio, turbine exit volume flow rate, mass flow rate, heat input, Environmental considerations, toxicity, flammability.
Development of a thermal energy storage system in a domestic environment into...Nelson García Polanco
My speech on April 27, 2015 at Energy Storage World Forum Rome, was focused on how to recover and reuse low-temperature wasted heat from kitchen appliances, and the technologies for the thermal energy storage. A full prototype of Thermal Energy Storage (TES) system was created. The TES system is based on a packed bed of macro-encapsulated phase change material (PCM). Typical household appliances were analyzed in order to evaluate the waste heat produced on the basis of the average user habits at European level.
Fuel Cells need a hydrogen source, but there is a a lack of existing hydrogen infrastructures. This need for hydrogen available anywhere has lead ETI to develop a rugged, tactical Hydrogen Fuel Reformation System (HFRS) that accepts multiple feedstocks.
Make power out of your waste heat - Organic Rankine Cycle Sindhu Maiyya
How to utilize the waste heat generated by pretty much all the processes we engage in. An idea to convert the waste heat into useful power.
A presentation give in the finals of Schenider Electric Go Green in the City Challenge -2012
Elgen Tech - next generation Waste Heat to Power plantRussianCarbonFund
Next generation Waste Heat to Power plant seeks for investment.
About 50% of generated industrial energy is lost via waste heat streams. Our team developed next generation organic Rankine cycle power generation unit which converts 100 – 500 C° temperature heat into electrical energy with record efficiency – 28% and lowest installed costs on the market – 1500 USD per 1 kW. Our team seeks for investment which will be matched by Skolkovo Foundation grant.
PCM Thermal Energy Storage Systems; Ashrae 2004 Conference PaperZafer Ure
Thermal Energy Storage (TES) may be considered as a useful tool to reduce the number of refrigeration machinery by means of spreading the daytime load over 24 hours period. Hence, any type of TES systems can be consider as useful tool to reduce the overall environmental impact for a given cooling application.
This paper explores the use of eutectic, phase change materials for TES systems.
Selection of Optimal Solid Sorbents for CO2 Capture Based on Gas Phase CO2 Composition - presentation by Adam berger of EPRI at the UKCCSRC Natural Gas CCS Network Meeting at GHGT-12, Austin, Texas, October 2014
Make power out of your waste heat - Organic Rankine Cycle Sindhu Maiyya
How to utilize the waste heat generated by pretty much all the processes we engage in. An idea to convert the waste heat into useful power.
A presentation give in the finals of Schenider Electric Go Green in the City Challenge -2012
Elgen Tech - next generation Waste Heat to Power plantRussianCarbonFund
Next generation Waste Heat to Power plant seeks for investment.
About 50% of generated industrial energy is lost via waste heat streams. Our team developed next generation organic Rankine cycle power generation unit which converts 100 – 500 C° temperature heat into electrical energy with record efficiency – 28% and lowest installed costs on the market – 1500 USD per 1 kW. Our team seeks for investment which will be matched by Skolkovo Foundation grant.
PCM Thermal Energy Storage Systems; Ashrae 2004 Conference PaperZafer Ure
Thermal Energy Storage (TES) may be considered as a useful tool to reduce the number of refrigeration machinery by means of spreading the daytime load over 24 hours period. Hence, any type of TES systems can be consider as useful tool to reduce the overall environmental impact for a given cooling application.
This paper explores the use of eutectic, phase change materials for TES systems.
Selection of Optimal Solid Sorbents for CO2 Capture Based on Gas Phase CO2 Composition - presentation by Adam berger of EPRI at the UKCCSRC Natural Gas CCS Network Meeting at GHGT-12, Austin, Texas, October 2014
A heat pump is a device that provides heat energy from a source of heat to a destination called a "heat sink". Heat pumps are designed to move thermal energy opposite to the direction of spontaneous heat flow by absorbing heat from a cold space and releasing it to a warmer one. A heat pump uses some amount of external power to accomplish the work of transferring energy from the heat source to the heat sink.
While air conditioners and freezers are familiar examples of heat pumps, the term "heat pump" is more general and applies to many HVAC (heating, ventilating, and air conditioning) devices used for space heating or space cooling. When a heat pump is used for heating, it employs the same basic refrigeration-type cycle used by an air conditioner or a refrigerator, but in the opposite direction - releasing heat into the conditioned space rather than the surrounding environment. In this use, heat pumps generally draw heat from the cooler external air or from the ground.[1] In heating mode, heat pumps are three to four times more efficient in their use of electric power, than are simple electrical resistance heaters.
Homeowners with natural gas water heaters have difficulty justifying the expense of a more efficient condensing heater. Combination space and domestic hot water systems bundle together the two loads, which saves energy and makes them more cost-effective. These systems also help eliminate combustion safety concerns.
Historically, mechanical contractors have custom engineered and pieced together combi systems in the field, paying little attention to efficiency and optimization. But condensing heating plants will only reach their energy saving potential when all components are designed and installed correctly.
“Towards net zero: extracting energy from flooded coal mines for heating and ...Kyungeun Sung
“Towards net zero: extracting energy from flooded coal mines for heating and cooling applications” – Prof Amin Al-Habaibeh, Nottingham Trent University, presenting at the Net Zero Conference 2022, ‘Research Journeys in/to Net Zero: Current and Future Research Leaders in the Midlands, UK’ (on Friday 24th June 2022 at De Montfort University)
SMIT's 2FAST weaving machine is a high speed, shuttle-less rapier loom with free-flight rapier ribbon movement, which enables weft insertion speeds of up to 1650 m/min. Equipped with dobby and ready for jacquard along with a variety of new features make the 2FAST highly desirable for the manufacture of almost all type of fabrics, including shirting, sarees and dress materials, home furnishing, terry and much more. Take a look at this presentation to find out more.
Outdated synthetic machinery can pose a number of problems for manufacturers - such as frequent breakdowns, unavailability of spares, and expensive servicing. A.T.E. provides synthetic machine upgrades that not only improve machine performance but also expand the machine's life by over 10 years!
For more information visit www.ategroup.com.
Coating has become an important practice for adding value to textiles. Our principal, Zimmer Austria, offers a range of coating technologies such as knife, screen, over-roll, etc., for varied applications.
With depleting wastewater resources and with the renewed focus on health and hygiene, wastewater treatment has become more important than ever. With vast experience in treating wastewater across all industry segments around the world, A.T.E. HUBER offers the most efficient solutions for any complex wastewater treatment. Connect with us for more information.
KARL MAYER SIM.PLY - High-performance Spreading and Impregnation Line for Con...A.T.E. Private Limited
Introducing SIM.PLY, a technology from our principal (KARL MAYER) that offers a comprehensive and high-quality solution for manufacturing Continuous Fibre Reinforced Thermoplastic (CFRT) tapes. CFRT tapes have numerous applications such as automotive, construction, consumer products, etc. Connect with us to know more. Take a look at the presentation for more detailed information about the product.
With growing income and increased health consciousness, the demand for activewear is booming in India. A.T.E. offers a complete range from leading machine manufacturers of equipment solutions for activewear manufacturing. Click here to learn more.
SMIT, our principals, and a global leader in weaving technology, has a range of offerings that includes rapier weft insertion for home textiles, garments, terry towels and customized solutions to produce special technical fabrics. Connect with us to know more.
A.T.E.’s continuous dosing system to eliminate variations in CPB dyeingA.T.E. Private Limited
In the CPB dyeing process, it is vital to maintain the exact 1:4 ratio of chemical to dye to produce fabric uniformly dyed. Conventional systems are unable to consistently maintain this ratio, leading to variations in tone, hue and depth along the length of the fabric dyed. Read this application note to find out how A.T.E.’s continuous dosing system eliminates this problem.
A.T.E. provides a wide range of accessories, components, and systems for textile spinning that are designed to improve performance and productivity. Please click on the link to learn more.
The Flexi weighting arms – a smart choice to replace pneumatic drafting on ri...A.T.E. Private Limited
TeraSpin's Flexi weighting arms are the simplest and most economical way to replace pneumatic drafting on your ring frames! Find out why, in this infographic!
Our innovative AAA® and SUF technologies for textile wastewater treatment help textile mills gain significant reductions in chemical consumption and sludge generation. Click here to know more.
A.T.E HUBER Envirotech's packaged sewage treatment plant is a self-contained 'plug & play' system that not only requires virtually no civil work and is low maintenance, but also consumes 30% less power, enhances the quality of treated water, and helps in de-nitrification.
A.T.E.'s solutions for auto and auto ancillaries include cooling solutions for spaces, processes, and controlled environments. Our IIoT solutions enable an energy savings of up to 10% annually, in additio to increase equipment uptime. In wastewater treatment, A.T.E. provides ETPs, STPs, ETP monitoring and comprehensive sludge management solutions. Our static charging and discharging solutions help improve quality and productivity in plastics and rubber processing and other applications. Click on the link below to learn more.
Diabetes is a rapidly and serious health problem in Pakistan. This chronic condition is associated with serious long-term complications, including higher risk of heart disease and stroke. Aggressive treatment of hypertension and hyperlipideamia can result in a substantial reduction in cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes 1. Consequently pharmacist-led diabetes cardiovascular risk (DCVR) clinics have been established in both primary and secondary care sites in NHS Lothian during the past five years. An audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery at the clinics was conducted in order to evaluate practice and to standardize the pharmacists’ documentation of outcomes. Pharmaceutical care issues (PCI) and patient details were collected both prospectively and retrospectively from three DCVR clinics. The PCI`s were categorized according to a triangularised system consisting of multiple categories. These were ‘checks’, ‘changes’ (‘change in drug therapy process’ and ‘change in drug therapy’), ‘drug therapy problems’ and ‘quality assurance descriptors’ (‘timer perspective’ and ‘degree of change’). A verified medication assessment tool (MAT) for patients with chronic cardiovascular disease was applied to the patients from one of the clinics. The tool was used to quantify PCI`s and pharmacist actions that were centered on implementing or enforcing clinical guideline standards. A database was developed to be used as an assessment tool and to standardize the documentation of achievement of outcomes. Feedback on the audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery and the database was received from the DCVR clinic pharmacist at a focus group meeting.
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
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Dues are only a small part of what it takes to show us you are committed. If we are to share in the Brotherhood’s honors and rewards, we must each have a stake. You will find the amount to be much less than what many private clubs charge but the benefits gained are much greater. You can benefit physically, spiritually, mentally and materially. Members can progress more in 30 days in the Brotherhood than they would in 10 years elsewhere How long will it take for me to become rich and powerful? royal eagles Brotherhood is about more than just wealth and power, as anyone who observes the often tragic lives of the rich and famous can attest to. Without true wisdom and inner power, the outer trappings of success are all in vain, for spirit is ascendant over matter. That which is eternal is of far greater value than that which turns to dust. royal eagles Brotherhood’s teachings are not aimed merely towards self-aggrandizement but for the greater happiness of the Member and so that they, in turn, may bless and help others upon the path of life.
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
Micro RNA genes and their likely influence in rice (Oryza sativa L.) dynamic ...Open Access Research Paper
Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs molecules having approximately 18-25 nucleotides, they are present in both plants and animals genomes. MiRNAs have diverse spatial expression patterns and regulate various developmental metabolisms, stress responses and other physiological processes. The dynamic gene expression playing major roles in phenotypic differences in organisms are believed to be controlled by miRNAs. Mutations in regions of regulatory factors, such as miRNA genes or transcription factors (TF) necessitated by dynamic environmental factors or pathogen infections, have tremendous effects on structure and expression of genes. The resultant novel gene products presents potential explanations for constant evolving desirable traits that have long been bred using conventional means, biotechnology or genetic engineering. Rice grain quality, yield, disease tolerance, climate-resilience and palatability properties are not exceptional to miRN Asmutations effects. There are new insights courtesy of high-throughput sequencing and improved proteomic techniques that organisms’ complexity and adaptations are highly contributed by miRNAs containing regulatory networks. This article aims to expound on how rice miRNAs could be driving evolution of traits and highlight the latest miRNA research progress. Moreover, the review accentuates miRNAs grey areas to be addressed and gives recommendations for further studies.
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
UNEP's presentation is utilized to address the problems facing our planet and augment them with practical and effective solutions.
A new era is emerging where human-centric solutions matter more than ever before
2. Table of Contents
• Market Drivers and Current Scenario
• Benefits and Payback
• Solar Thermal Solutions
• Applications and Schemes
• Some of the Installations
• Solar Thermal Technology
• A.T.E.- At a Glance
6. Current Solar Thermal Scenario: Worldwide
Country
Total Installed Capacity
GW
Avg. Radiation
(kWh/m2/day)
China 337.624 3.6 - 4.0
US 18.069 4.5
Turkey 17.603 4.3
Germany 13.891 2.8 - 3.0
Brazil 11.258 4.2 - 4.4
India 9.466 5.0 - 5.6
Notes:
1) Figures given above for total installed capacity (GW) are for Unglazed + Flat Plate Collector + Evacuated Tube Collector up to October 2021
(Source: iea-shc.org)
2) Source of figures given for Average Radiation (kWh/m2/day): iea-shc.org
7. Current Solar Radiation Scenario: India
• Over 90% of India is > 5.0 kWh/m2/day
• Significant regions are > 5.6 kWh/m2/day
Source: iea-shc.org
9. Solar
Photovoltaic Thermal
Non imaging
CPC – HMX
offerings
ETC FPC
Imaging
PTC Scheffler
PD – HMX
offerings
Solar Solutions & HMX Offerings
Hot water up to 90°C to 95°C Dry steam up to 140°C
Note :
CPC - Compound Parabolic Concentrator
ETC - Evacuated Tube Collector
PD - Parabolic Dish
FPC - Flat Plate Collector
PTC - Parabolic Trough Collector
10. Technology Comparison: Thermal vs PV
Parameters
Solar Thermal
(CPC & PD)
Solar PV
Output produced Low grade heat energy High grade electricity
Electromagnetic spectrum
utilized
Infrared Visible
Efficiency 60 to 65% 14 to 18%
Energy output, kWh/m2
per day (At 5 kWh/m2
per day)
3 to 3.25 kWh 0.7 to 0.9 kWh
Area required for 1 kW 2.5 to 3 m2 8 to 10 m2
Performance in India
System output improves as
ambient temperature rises
System power output
decreases with rise in ambient
temperature
Subsidy May be available Not available
Note: CPC - Compound Parabolic Concentrator, PD - Parabolic Dish
11. • Non tracking technology
• Concentration ratio is 1
• Natural circulation
• Goes up to maximum 50°C with its efficiency range
• Provides hot water that is mainly used for bathing
Solar Thermal Products: Flat Plate Collector (FPC)
12. • Non-tracking technology
• Concentration ratio is 1
• Natural circulation
• Goes up to 60 ̊C with its highest design efficiency
range
• Provides hot water that is used for bathing and for
other medium temperature applications
Solar Thermal Products: Evacuated Tube Collector (ETC)
13. Solar Thermal Products:
Glass Tube of Evacuated Tube Collector
Evacuated glass tube collectors Thermo-siphon type heat convection
Source: www.researchgate.net Source: www.irjet.net
14. • Non-tracking technology
• Concentration ratio is 2 to 5
• Forced circulation
• Goes up to 95 ̊ C with its efficiency range
• Provides hot water suitable for process
heating
Solar Thermal Products:
Compound Parabolic Concentrator (CPC)
16. • Single axis solar concentrator
• Concentration ratio is 15 to 45
• Forced circulation
• Provides steam with a temperature of up
to 120 ̊C with its efficiency range
• Mainly used for process heating applications
Solar Thermal Products: Parabolic Trough Collector (PTC)
17. • Double axis solar concentrator
• Concentration ratio is 100 to 350
• Forced circulation
• Temp at receiver is 900 ̊C to 1000 ̊C
• Steam pressure goes up to 4 bar
• Mainly used for steam generation
Solar Thermal Products: Parabolic Dish
HMX introduces HMX Spectrum:
now available in 25 m2 and 50 m2
18. HMX Spectrum:
Technical Specification Comparison of 25 m2 and 50 m2
Parameters
Values for 25 m2
dish
Values for 50 m2
dish
Aperture area 25 m2 50 m2
Thermal output (daily average) 55,000 kcal 1,20,000 kcal
Shadow free ground surface area 70 m2 200 m2
Weight 1800 kg 2800 kg
Parasitic rated load (sum of all load) 1050 W 1050 W
*thermal output is based on average radiation of 5kW/hr/m2
19. Efficiency and Concentration Ratio Comparison
of Various Technologies
• Concentrate the solar radiation at one point to
increase its intensity for further process use
• Temperature at the focus can be increased as
per the requirement
Concentration Ratio=
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑅𝑒𝑓𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑜𝑐𝑢𝑠
Solar collector Geometric concentration
ratio
Thermal efficiency*
ETC, FPC 1 45% to 50%
CPC 2 to 5 50% to 55%
Parabolic 15 to 45 55% to 60%
Dish 100 to 1000 65 % to 70 %
Notes : *based on local radiation
FPC - Flat Plate Collector, CPC - Compound Parabolic Concentrator, ETC - Evacuated Tube Collector
21. Applications For HMX Solar Thermal Products
Requirements Used in Used for
Hot water
requirement less
than 85 ̊ C
Central kitchens
Community kitchens
Kitchens in industries
Kitchens in prisons
Kitchens in hostel (school & colleges)
Base kitchens for railways / institutions
Cooking
Dairy industry
Pharmaceutical industry
Clean in Place (CIP)
Dairy industry Pasteurization
Automobile commercial Pretreatment
Dairy industry
Automobile industry
Pharmaceutical industry
Textile industry
Hot air for low temperature drying
Process heating
22. Applications For HMX Solar Thermal Products
Requirements Used in Used for
Steam
requirement
less than 5 bar
pressure
Central kitchens
Community kitchens
Kitchens in industries
Cooking
Dairy industry
Pharmaceutical industry
Automobile industry
Textile industry
Food & beverages industry
FMCG industry
Packaging
Process steam
Garment industry
Laundries
Hospitals
Ironing
Garment industry
Laundries
Hospitals
Washing
23. Proposed Scheme Using Compound Parabolic Concentrator
PHE - Plate Heat Exchanger
Process flow schematic Applications
26. Proposed Integration Using Solar Dish With Existing System
HMX solar
concentrator
Steam for use
HMX solar concentrator
Steam for use
27. Integration of Dish & CPC With Existing System
Water
storage
tank
Make up
water
HMX
solar
concentrator
Feed
water
pump
Feed water
pump for boiler
Standby
electrical boiler
Hot water
Storage
Tank
Hot water
pump
Cooking
Vessels
To Drain
Pressurized
Steam
Accumulator
Solar water heating
system
Generation Storage Utilization
28. Integration of Dish & CPC With Existing System
Water
storage
tank
Make up
water
HMX
solar
concentrator
Feed
water
pump
Feed water
pump for boiler
Standby
electrical
boiler
Hot
water
storage
tank
Cooking
Vessels
To Drain
Hot water
pump
Pressurized
steam
accumulator
Generation
Solar water heating
system
Storage Utilization
29. Integration of Dish & CPC With Existing System
Water
storage
tank
Make up
water
HMX.
solar
concentrator
Feed
water
pump
Feed water
pump for boiler
Standby
boiler
Hot
water
storage
tank
Hot water
pump
Cooking
vessels
To drain
Pressurized
steam
accumulator
Solar water heating
system
Generation Storage Utilization
31. • Smokeless combustion
• Reduced pollution
• Lower CO2 emission
• Insurance against fuel security
• Higher quality (dryness) of steam with dish
Benefits of Solar Thermal
32. Payback Period Calculation With Dish: 50 m2
FO HSD LPG CNG Coal
Cost/kg (Rs for all fuels) or Rs/kwh (for
electricity)
52.00 100.00 105.53 61.00 12.00
GCV/NCV of fuel (kcal/kg) 9650 10500 10750 8850 4500
Fuel/ Power savings/day 15.54 13.45 13.13 16.95 44.44
Boiler efficiency (%) 80 85 85 80 60
Savings/day (Rs) 808.29 1345 1386 1034 533
Annual savings (Rs) 242487 403361 415754 310169 160000
Dish cost (Rs) 1200000 1200000 1200000 1200000 1200000
Balance of plant 250000 250000 250000 250000 250000
Simple payback period (years)* 6.0 4.0 3.5 5.0 9.0
CO2 emission avoided ( kg/day)** 44 40 40 47 118
Basis
Radiation 5 kW/hr/m2
Heat output of dish (average) 120000 kcal/day
FO - Furnace Oil
HSD - High Speed Diesel
CNG - Compressed Natural Gas
GCV - Gross Calorific Value NCV - Net Calorific Value
* Accelerated depreciation not considered
** https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/co2-
emission-fuels-d_1085.html
37. Factors Affecting Solar Radiation
• Solar output: 11-year solar cycle
• Earth-sun distance: 3.5% annual variation
• Clouds: Dominant factor
• Water vapor: Selective absorber
• Air pollution : 40% less direct
• Smoke from forest fires: Natural or man-made
• Volcanic ash: Global effect for years
• Location
• Time of day
• Season
Solar position
44. A.T.E.- At a Glance
BUSINESS
AREAS
Textile Engineering Cooling and
Heating
Wastewater Treatment
Flow Technology
Intelligence of Things
Value-added
equipment for textiles,
packaging, etc.
OUR
TECHNOLOGIES
Textile Spinning
Internet of Things
for Industry
Heat Exchange
Wastewater Management
Static and Ink Control
Print Control and
Vision Systems
5000+ happy customers 500+ world-class products 11 locations
80+ years of experience