This document summarizes a study assessing the impact of climate change on crop suitability in Niger. The study analyzed changes in land suitability for major crops like sorghum, millet, cowpea and onion under historical climate (1970-2000) and future projections for 2050 and 2070 under RCP 2.6, 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios. Results showed increases in average temperature of 2.2-2.7°C and decreases in precipitation. Land suitability is projected to decrease for cowpea and increase for sorghum, millet and onion. The study concludes with recommendations for sustainable land use practices like soil conservation, crop diversification and improved varieties to adapt to climate change impacts
By M. Maniruzzaman, J.C. Bisawas, M.A.I. Khan, G.W. Sarker, S.S. Haque, J.K. Biswas, M.H. Sarker, M.A. Rashid, N.U. Sekhar, A. Nemes, S. Xenarios, J. Deelstra
Revitalizing the Ganges Coastal Zone Conference
21-23 October 2014, Dhaka, Bangladesh
http://waterandfood.org/ganges-conference/
The Global Futures and Strategic Foresight (GFSF) team met in Rome from May 25-28, 2015 to review progress towards current work plans, discuss model improvements and technical parameters, and consider possible contributions by the GFSF program to the CRP Phase II planning process. All 15 CGIAR Centers were represented at the meeting.
This presentation was made by Dr. Mathieu Ouédraogo, Participatory Action Research specialist/CCAFS West Africa at the WASCAL Science Symposium, 19-21 June 2018, Tang Palace Hotel, Accra, Ghana
A one-day Strategic Foresight Conference took place at IFPRI Headquarters in Washington DC on November 7, 2014. Participants from leading global modeling groups, collaborating CGIAR centers and research programs, and other partners reviewed new long-term projections for global agriculture from IFPRI and other leading institutions, examined the potential impacts of climate change and other key challenges, and discussed the role of foresight work in identifying and supporting promising solutions.
Topics included:
Long-term outlook and challenges for food & agriculture
Addressing the challenges
Foresight in the CGIAR
Webcast video of morning sessions available on Global Futures program website here: http://globalfutures.cgiar.org/2014/11/03/global-futures-strategic-foresight-conference/
By M. Maniruzzaman, J.C. Bisawas, M.A.I. Khan, G.W. Sarker, S.S. Haque, J.K. Biswas, M.H. Sarker, M.A. Rashid, N.U. Sekhar, A. Nemes, S. Xenarios, J. Deelstra
Revitalizing the Ganges Coastal Zone Conference
21-23 October 2014, Dhaka, Bangladesh
http://waterandfood.org/ganges-conference/
The Global Futures and Strategic Foresight (GFSF) team met in Rome from May 25-28, 2015 to review progress towards current work plans, discuss model improvements and technical parameters, and consider possible contributions by the GFSF program to the CRP Phase II planning process. All 15 CGIAR Centers were represented at the meeting.
This presentation was made by Dr. Mathieu Ouédraogo, Participatory Action Research specialist/CCAFS West Africa at the WASCAL Science Symposium, 19-21 June 2018, Tang Palace Hotel, Accra, Ghana
A one-day Strategic Foresight Conference took place at IFPRI Headquarters in Washington DC on November 7, 2014. Participants from leading global modeling groups, collaborating CGIAR centers and research programs, and other partners reviewed new long-term projections for global agriculture from IFPRI and other leading institutions, examined the potential impacts of climate change and other key challenges, and discussed the role of foresight work in identifying and supporting promising solutions.
Topics included:
Long-term outlook and challenges for food & agriculture
Addressing the challenges
Foresight in the CGIAR
Webcast video of morning sessions available on Global Futures program website here: http://globalfutures.cgiar.org/2014/11/03/global-futures-strategic-foresight-conference/
Presentation at workshop: Reducing the costs of GHG estimates in agriculture to inform low emissions development
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Sponsored by the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
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Presentation at workshop: Reducing the costs of GHG estimates in agriculture to inform low emissions development
November 10-12, 2014
Sponsored by the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
CSA Symposium - Dr. Cicero Lallo - Day 2 Session 1BACDI/VOCA
The Potential for Developing an Heat Stress Early Warning System for Livestock in Jamaica- The Thermal Heat Index (THI) as a Response to Climate Change
Asia Regional Program Planning Meeting- Climate Change Impacts in AsiaICRISAT
Presentation by Dr Kesavarao AVR, Scientist, Agroclimatology, ICRISAT Development Center, Asia Regional Program, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) on 4 May 2016 at ICRISAT headquarters, Hyderabad, India. Presented at the Asia Regional Planning Meeting, ICRISAT, Patancheru
UNEP's presentation is utilized to address the problems facing our planet and augment them with practical and effective solutions.
A new era is emerging where human-centric solutions matter more than ever before
Micro RNA genes and their likely influence in rice (Oryza sativa L.) dynamic ...Open Access Research Paper
Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs molecules having approximately 18-25 nucleotides, they are present in both plants and animals genomes. MiRNAs have diverse spatial expression patterns and regulate various developmental metabolisms, stress responses and other physiological processes. The dynamic gene expression playing major roles in phenotypic differences in organisms are believed to be controlled by miRNAs. Mutations in regions of regulatory factors, such as miRNA genes or transcription factors (TF) necessitated by dynamic environmental factors or pathogen infections, have tremendous effects on structure and expression of genes. The resultant novel gene products presents potential explanations for constant evolving desirable traits that have long been bred using conventional means, biotechnology or genetic engineering. Rice grain quality, yield, disease tolerance, climate-resilience and palatability properties are not exceptional to miRN Asmutations effects. There are new insights courtesy of high-throughput sequencing and improved proteomic techniques that organisms’ complexity and adaptations are highly contributed by miRNAs containing regulatory networks. This article aims to expound on how rice miRNAs could be driving evolution of traits and highlight the latest miRNA research progress. Moreover, the review accentuates miRNAs grey areas to be addressed and gives recommendations for further studies.
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
Diabetes is a rapidly and serious health problem in Pakistan. This chronic condition is associated with serious long-term complications, including higher risk of heart disease and stroke. Aggressive treatment of hypertension and hyperlipideamia can result in a substantial reduction in cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes 1. Consequently pharmacist-led diabetes cardiovascular risk (DCVR) clinics have been established in both primary and secondary care sites in NHS Lothian during the past five years. An audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery at the clinics was conducted in order to evaluate practice and to standardize the pharmacists’ documentation of outcomes. Pharmaceutical care issues (PCI) and patient details were collected both prospectively and retrospectively from three DCVR clinics. The PCI`s were categorized according to a triangularised system consisting of multiple categories. These were ‘checks’, ‘changes’ (‘change in drug therapy process’ and ‘change in drug therapy’), ‘drug therapy problems’ and ‘quality assurance descriptors’ (‘timer perspective’ and ‘degree of change’). A verified medication assessment tool (MAT) for patients with chronic cardiovascular disease was applied to the patients from one of the clinics. The tool was used to quantify PCI`s and pharmacist actions that were centered on implementing or enforcing clinical guideline standards. A database was developed to be used as an assessment tool and to standardize the documentation of achievement of outcomes. Feedback on the audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery and the database was received from the DCVR clinic pharmacist at a focus group meeting.
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
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Crop suitability assessment under the perspective of climate change: a case study in Niger
1. Crop suitability assessment under
the perspective of climate change:
a case study in Niger
Supervisor:
Prof. Camilla Dibari
Co-Supervisor:
Dr. Sergi Costafreda Aumedes
Prof. Roberto Ferrise
Candidate:
Abdul Samad Nabizada
Scuola di
Agraria
3. Scuola di
Agraria
Agriculture in Niger
o More than 80% of the population of the country engaged
in Agriculture.
o Contribute over 40% to total GDP
o Country is among the top ten countries producing cowpea,
millet, and sorghum in the world
o Since the '60s, cereals, cowpea, and onion production has
strongly increased 530%, 586%, 605%, respectively
(FAOSTAT, 2021)
Introduction
4. Scuola di
Agraria
Climate change in Niger
o Vulnerable African countries to climate change
o Evidencing numerous droughts in the 1960s, 70s, and 80s due to
decreasing rainfall
o An increase in mean annual temperature of +0.6° +0.8°C
observed in the country from 1970 to 2010 (WBG 2016)
o Climate change is estimated to reduce crop yields in Sub-
Saharan West Africa in the future (Kotir 2011, Dale et al. 2017).
Introduction
5. Scuola di
Agraria Objectives
1. Analyze changes in land suitability for main
cultivated crops
a) To model the historical and future land
suitability (integrated GIS-based multi-criteria
decision analysis approach – IAO)
b) Comparing the expected land suitability under
different climate scenarios
6. Scuola di
Agraria Materials and Methods:
Study area
o 23.31 million population
o A total land area of 1.3 M km2, of which 36.7% is an
agricultural area (FAO 2019).
o Average annual temperatures range from 21.9° to
36.4° C
o Precipitation ranges from 100-200 mm in the North
to 500-600mm in the South
Sahara
Sahelo-Sahara
Sahel
Soudan
7. Scuola di
Agraria Materials and Methods:
Data Type Type of
Data
Source
Physical
parameters
Raster Harmonized
World Soil
Database
Chemical
parameters
Raster Harmonized
World Soil
Database
Climate
variables
Raster Worldclim
Crop calendar Periods Country expert and
literatures
Crop
requirement
8. Scuola di
Agraria Materials and Methods:
More than five GCMs where used (Wang et al.
2020 ) to reduce uncertainty
• CCSM4
• CNRM-CM5
• IPSL-CM5A- LR
• HadGEM2- ES
• MPI-ESM-LR
• NorESM1-M
Three Representative Concentration Pathway
(RCPs):
• RCP 2.6
• RCP 4.5
• RCP 8.5
Historical (1970-2000)
2 different future time slices:
• 2041-2060 (2050)
• 2061-2080 (2070)
Crop
requirement
9. Scuola di
Agraria Materials and Methods:
CROPS CALENDAR
MONTHS Sorghum Millet Cowpea Onion
January - - - G
February - - - G
March - - - H
April - - - -
May S S S -
June S S S -
July G G G -
August G G G S
September G G G G
October H H H G
November - - - P
December - - - G
S=Sowing G=Growing H=Harvesting P=Planting
Crop
requirement
11. Scuola di
Agraria Materials and Methods:
Class Description Score
S1 Highly Suitable 0.85-1
S2 Moderately Suitabile 0.60-0.85
S3 Marginally Suitable 0.40-0.60
N1 Currently Not
Suitable
0.25-0.40
N2 Permanently not
Suitable
0-0.25
The FAO Land suitability classes (FAO, 1976, Sys et al., 1993)
Crop
requirement
12. Scuola di
Agraria Materials and Methods:
Kappa statistic (Cohen, 1960) a statistical analysis
was performed to evaluate the rate of change in the
spatial distribution of suitability classes compared to
the present period. (<0=poor agreement and 0.81 =
1 prefect agreement)
Crop
requirement
13. Scuola di
Agraria Results
Future climatic trends: Mean temp.
30
32
34
36
38
P RE S E NT F UT _2050 F UT _2070
TEMP.
(°C)
30
32
34
36
38
P RE S E NT F UT _2050 F UT _2070
TEMP.
(°C)
30
32
34
36
38
P RE S E NT F UT _2050 F UT _2070
TEMP.
(°C)
2041-2060
RCP 2.6
2041-2060
RCP 4.5
2041-2060
RCP 8.5
2061-2080
RCP 2.6
2061-2080
RCP 4.5
2061-2080
RCP 8.5
RCP 2.6
RCP 4.5
RCP 8.5
Historical Period
1979-2000
2.2 °C 2.7 °C
14. Scuola di
Agraria Results:
Future climatic trends: Mean Precip.
2041-2060
RCP 2.6
2041-2060
RCP 4.5
2041-2060
RCP 8.5
2061-2080
RCP 2.6
2061-2080
RCP 4.5
2061-2080
RCP 8.5
RCP 2.6
RCP 4.5
RCP 8.5
Historical Period
1979-2000
100
120
140
160
180
200
P RE S E NT F UT _2050 F U T _2070
PERCIP.
(MM)
100
120
140
160
180
200
P RE S E NT F U T _2050 F UT _2070
PERCIP.
(MM)
100
120
140
160
180
200
P RE S E NT F UT _2050 F UT _2070
PERCIP.
(MM)
31 mm 25 mm
19. Scuola di
Agraria Conclusions
o Overall, the study found an increase average temperature of
about +2.2 °C and +2.7 °C for both future periods respectively.
o The most suitable crop for the present and future conditions is
millet, with currently about 66.81% of the area considered
moderately suitable.
o Study estimated that the land suitability for sorghum would
increase in class S2 and, decrease in Class N1.
o Decrease in land suitability observed for cowpea in class N2.
o Onion has shown a significant increase in class S3 and decrease
in class S2 and, N1.
Sorghum
Millet
Cowpea
Onion
20. Scuola di
Agraria Conclusions
Strategies for future sustainable land use
Long term
practice
Soil and water
conservation
Encouraging
tree crops
Vegetable
farming
Small
ruminants
Improving
Crop Varieties
Short term
practice
Planting time
Crop
diversification
Mineral
fertilizer
Using
improved
varieties