Commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) software is often used by governments but Application Platform-as-a-Service (aPaaS) is better suited for modernization efforts as it allows building customized applications rapidly. Unlike COTS that may only satisfy 80% of needs, aPaaS provides 100% of requirements while reducing legacy infrastructure costs. It enables multiple applications on shared infrastructure and mobile app development without maintaining different OS versions. aPaaS deployed on FedRAMP certified cloud reduces security spending needs.