A network topology is the physical and logical arrangement of nodes and connections in a network.  Physical topology describes the layout of devices and cables, and logical topology describes the way in which data is transmitted within the network — regardless of the physical layout.

1. Dhaka International University
Department of Law
Course Name: Introduction to Computer & Information Technology
Course No: 0611.1.1.01
Submitted To
Suman Ahmed Saikan
Lecturer
Department of CSE
Dhaka International University-DIU
Batch: 66th Semester: 1st
Computer Network Topology
February4,2024

2. TEAM INITIATOR
Md Soumik Hasan
Roll:79
Shifat Ahmed Hasan
Roll:58
Md. Shakil Ahmmed
Roll:72
Bir Nafis Ikbal Nishat
Roll:70
2

3. Outline
1 • Introduction
2 • Topology Types
3 • P2P Topology
4 • Star Topology
5 • Ring Topology
6 • Mesh Topology
7 • Bus Topology
8 • Tree Topology
9 • Discussion
10 • Reference
3

4. Introduction
A network topology is the physical and logical arrangement of nodes and connections
in a network.
Physical topology describes the layout of devices and cables, and logical topology
describes the way in which data is transmitted within the network — regardless of the
physical layout.
Fig 1: Network Topology 4

5. Topology Types
P2P
Topology
Star
Topology
Ring
Topology
Bus
Topology
Mesh
Topology
Tree
Topology
Fig 2: Computer Topology Types
5

6. Point to Point Topology
Sender Receiver
Fig 3: P2P Topology
Point-to-Point Topology is a type of topology that works on the functionality of the
sender and receiver. It is the simplest communication between two nodes, in which one
is the sender and the other one is the receiver. Point-to-Point provides high bandwidth.
6

7. Star Topology
Fig 4: Star Topology
Star topology is a network topology in which each network component is physically
connected to a central node such as a router, hub or switch. In a star topology, the
central hub acts like a server and the connecting nodes act like clients.
Hub
7

8. Star Topology Cont…
Advantage:
1. Less expensive.
2. Easy to install and reconfiguration.
3. Robustness
Disadvantage:
1. Failure of central hub will effect the entire network.
2. Performance is based on the single concentrator i.e. hub.
8

9. Ring Topology
Fig 5: Ring Topology
A ring network is a network topology
in which each node connects to exactly
two other nodes, forming a single
continuous pathway for signals through
each node – a ring.
9

10. Ring Topology Cont…
Advantage:
1. The data transmission is high-speed.
2. The possibility of collision is minimum in this type of topology.
3. Cheap to install and expand.
4. It is less costly than a star topology.
Disadvantage:
1. The failure of a single node in the network can cause the entire network to fail.
2. Troubleshooting is difficult in this topology.
3. Less secure.
10

11. Bus Topology
Fig 6: Bus Topology
Device 1 Device 2 Device 3
Device 4
Device 5
Terminator
Bus topology is a type of network topology in which all devices are connected to a single
cable called a "bus." This cable serves as a shared communication medium, allowing all
devices on the network to receive the same signal simultaneously.
11

12. Bus Topology Cont…
Advantage:
1. Coaxial or twisted pair cables are mainly used.
2. The cost of the cable is less compared to other topologies.
3. Bus topology is familiar technology as installation and troubleshooting techniques
are well known.
Disadvantage:
1. If the common cable fails, then the whole system will crash down.
2. Adding new devices to the network would slow down networks.
3. Security is very low.
12

13. Tree Topology
In a tree topology, there is one central node (the “trunk”), and each node is connected
to the central node through a single path. Nodes can be thought of as branches coming
off of the trunk.
Fig 7: Tree Topology 13

14. Tree Topology Cont…
Advantage:
1. It allows more devices to be attached to a single central hub thus it decreases the
distance that is traveled by the signal to come to the devices.
2. We can add new devices to the existing network.
3. Error detection and error correction are very easy in a tree topology.
Disadvantage:
1. If the central hub gets fails the entire system fails.
2. The cost is high because of the cabling.
3. If new devices are added, it becomes difficult to reconfigure.
14

15. Mesh Topology
Fig 8: Mesh Topology
The mesh topology is a type of topology in which every device or computer is connected
to every other device. Each device not only sends its signals but also receives signals from
other devices.
15

16. Mesh Topology Cont…
Advantage:
1. Dedicated link ensure that each connection carry its own data load, eliminating the
traffic problem.
2. Mesh topology is robust.
3. Provides privacy & security.
4. Fault identification and isolation is easy.
Disadvantage:
1. Huge amount of cabling and I/O ports required.
2. Installation and reconnection is difficult.
16

17. Discussion
Following the completion of the topology presentation slide, we acquired knowledge
about numerous topological kinds as well as presentation slide creation. We have used
Google and YouTube to help us tackle a number of challenges that have been
encountered. In addition to being essential for numerous step a student of law
department must take, topology may serve as a reminder of the architecture and
foundation of computers.
The teacher of our course made all effort to aid us in comprehending the content,
which may be beneficial to individuals in all walks of life.
17

18. References
https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/b/bustopol.htm
https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/types-of-network-topology/
https://www.pngwing.com/
https://www.techtarget.com/searchnetworking/definition/network-topology
https://www.javatpoint.com/computer-network-topologies
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/data_communication_computer_network/
https://www.canva.com/
https://www.shiksha.com/online-courses/different-types-of-network-topology/
https://www.dnsstuff.com/what-is-network-topology
18

19. 19