This dissertation characterizes granite in the Maneknath Temple region of Mahesana and Banaskantha districts, Gujarat, India based on field relations. The study area consists of Sendra-Ambaji granite intruding the Delhi Supergroup sedimentary rocks. Field investigations identified two granite variants - plagioclase-rich porphyritic granite and K-feldspar rich porphyritic granite. Pegmatite veins intrude the microgranite and calc-silicate rocks. Alteration like epidotization and silicification is observed. Joint patterns and tafoni weathering are also described. Petrographic analysis shows Carlsbad twinning in K-feldspar and silic

1. DISSERTATION ON
CHARACTERISATION OF GRANITE ON THE BASIS OF FIELD RELATION IN,
AROUND MANEKNATH TEMPLE (NEAR LOTOL VILLAGE),
MAHESANA & BANASKANTHA DISTRICTS, GUJARAT, INDIA
By
DARSHAN R. DARJI
UNIVERSITY SEAT NO : 859
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF
MRS. MADHUMAYEE MOHANTA
MRS. NAYANI DAS
GEOLOGIST, GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA
Year: 2022-2023
M. G. Science Institute
(Geology Department)
Ahmedabad, 380009

2. M.G. SCIENCE INSTITUTE (GEOLOGY DEPARTMENT) – DARSHAN DARJI
CONTENT
 Objective
 Location and Accessibility
 Google Earth Image of Study Area
 Geological Map of Area
 Geology of the Study Area
 Lithostratigraphy of the Study Area
 Petrography
 Conclusion
 References
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3. M.G. SCIENCE INSTITUTE (GEOLOGY DEPARTMENT) – DARSHAN DARJI
OBJECTIVE
 Characterisation of Granite on the basis of Field Relation in, around Maneknath Temple (near Lotol
Village), Mahesana & Banaskantha Districts, Gujarat, India
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4. M.G. SCIENCE INSTITUTE (GEOLOGY DEPARTMENT) – DARSHAN DARJI
LOCATION AND ACCESSIBILITY
Toposheet No. 45D/16 of the Mahesana & Banaskantha Districts of Gujarat
STUDY AREA
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5. M.G. SCIENCE INSTITUTE (GEOLOGY DEPARTMENT) – DARSHAN DARJI
GOOGLE EARTH IMAGE OF STUDY AREA
Map of Study Area around Maneknath Temple Region. (Source: Google Earth)
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6. GEOLOGICAL MAP of the area
M.G. SCIENCE INSTITUTE (GEOLOGY DEPARTMENT) – DARSHAN DARJI 6
Source: BHUKOSH(GSI)

7. M.G. SCIENCE INSTITUTE (GEOLOGY DEPARTMENT) – DARSHAN DARJI
GEOLOGY OF THE STUDY AREA
Geological
Age
Supergroup Group Formation Lithology
Palaeo To
Meso
Proterozoic
Delhi Super-
group
Sirohi Group
Reodar Formation Mica- Schist ,Phyllite, Calctic Marble.
Jiyapura Formation Biotite-schist, Migmatite.
Intrusive
Sendra-Ambaji Granite
And Gneiss
Granite and Granite Gneiss.
Phulad Ophiolite Suite Epidiorite, Hornblende Schist,
Amphibolite, Gabbro
Kumbhalgarh
Group
Todgarh Formation Marble, Biotite Schist, Quartzite
Basantgarh Formation Calc Gneiss, Calc Schist, Marble, Calc
Biotite Schist.
Table source : Ahmad, T. and Tarney, J., 1994. Geochemistry and petrogenesis of late Archaean Aravalli volcanics,
basement enclaves and granitoids, Rajasthan. Precambrian Research.
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8. M.G. SCIENCE INSTITUTE (GEOLOGY DEPARTMENT) – DARSHAN DARJI
LITHOSTRATIGRAPHY OF THE STUDY AREA
Aeolian sand/Soil cover
Quartz vein
Pegmatite veins
Microgranite veins
Potash-feldspar rich porphyritic granite
Plagioclase rich porphyritic granite
Calc silicate Rock (Delhi Supergroup)
Sendra-Ambaji Granite
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9. M.G. SCIENCE INSTITUTE (GEOLOGY DEPARTMENT) – DARSHAN DARJI
SENDRA - AMBAJI GRANITE
 Two variants of Sendra Ambaji granitoids :
I. Plagioclase rich porphyritic granite
II. K-feldspar rich porphyritic granite
 Medium to coarse grained.
 Grey to white/pinkish in colour.
 Composed of quartz, orthoclase, plagioclase, biotite and amphibole.
 Feldspar phenocryst size : 1-5 cm
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10. Plagioclase rich Porphyritic Granite with Mafic Microgranular Enclaves (MME)
having sharp contact with the host Granites, observed at Maneknath Cave
Mafic
Microgranular
Enclaves
(MME)
Plagioclase rich porphyritic granite
M.G. SCIENCE INSTITUTE (GEOLOGY DEPARTMENT) – DARSHAN DARJI 10
Scale: Geological Hammer (32cm)

11. K-feldspar rich Porphyritic Granite
observed north of Dharoi Dam around
Maneknath Temple & West of Lotol
Village
K- FELDSPAR rich porphyritic granite
M.G. SCIENCE INSTITUTE (GEOLOGY DEPARTMENT) – DARSHAN DARJI
Due to Alteration process Epidotisation observed in K Feldspar rich
Porphyritic Granite, Plagioclase Feldspar are converted in to Epidote
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Scale: Geological Hammer (32cm)
Scale: Coin (2.5cm)

12. M.G. SCIENCE INSTITUTE (GEOLOGY DEPARTMENT) – DARSHAN DARJI
PEGMATITE VEIN
Pegmatite vein intruded into Microgranite
rock observed at north Maneknath temple
vekari village,
The width of these Pegmatite vein is showing
32 cm.
Showing the sharp contact of Pegmatite vein
with Microgranite rock observed at north
Maneknath temple vekari village,
The width of these Pegmatite vein is showing
8 cm.
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Scale: Geological Hammer (32cm)

13. M.G. SCIENCE INSTITUTE (GEOLOGY DEPARTMENT) – DARSHAN DARJI
PEGMATITE VEIN
Garnet & Rose Quartz rich pegmatite vein intruded into Calc-silicate rock & intergrowth of Quartz and Tourmaline has
been observed at Koylapura village
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Scale: Geological Hammer (32cm)

14. M.G. SCIENCE INSTITUTE (GEOLOGY DEPARTMENT) – DARSHAN DARJI
ALTERATION
These hydrothermal alterations of the
granite proceed mainly by a dissolution
precipitation process resulting from the
infiltration of hydrothermal fluid along
microcracks
A) silicified quartz veins observed in k-feldspar
rich porphyritic granite
B) due to alteration process infiltration of
hydrothermal fluid along the microcracks in
porphyritic granite
A B
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Scale: Coin (2.5cm) Scale: Geological Hammer (32cm)

15. M.G. SCIENCE INSTITUTE (GEOLOGY DEPARTMENT) – DARSHAN DARJI
A) Brecciated zone developed due to the Hydrothermal activity and water effect
B) Flourine vein in Potash-feldspar Granite & Cryptocrystalline silica, Chart,
Alteration & Brecciated zone observed at west of Lotol village
A B
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Scale: Coin (2.5cm)

16. M.G. SCIENCE INSTITUTE (GEOLOGY DEPARTMENT) – DARSHAN DARJI
TAFONI WEATHERING
Tafoni (singular: tafone) are small, concave, smooth-edged surfaces in a rock most often found in arid or semi-arid desert
Very commonly observed in Study area
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Scale: Geological Hammer (32cm)

17. M.G. SCIENCE INSTITUTE (GEOLOGY DEPARTMENT) – DARSHAN DARJI
2 Set Parallel Joints Trending
280°N And 255°N
2 Set Conjugate Joints
Trending 240°N And 320°N
JOINTS STRUCTURE
Joints are observed at west of
Lotol village & near
Maneknath cave
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18. SKARN DEPOSITS
Skarn deposits are developed due to Replacement, Alteration, and Contact Metasomatism of the surrounding country
rocks by Hydrothermal solution adjacent to a Mafic, Ultramafic, Felsic, or Granitic intrusive body. They most often
develop at the contact of intrusive plutons and Carbonate country rocks. This is found around study area.
Diopside And Calcite
M.G. SCIENCE INSTITUTE (GEOLOGY DEPARTMENT) – DARSHAN DARJI 18
Scale: Coin (2.5cm)

19. PETROGRAPHY
M.G. SCIENCE INSTITUTE (GEOLOGY DEPARTMENT) – DARSHAN DARJI
A. Carlsbad Twinning In K- Feldspar
B. & C. Show Alteration In Porphyritic Granite (Silicification)
A B C
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20. M.G. SCIENCE INSTITUTE (GEOLOGY DEPARTMENT) – DARSHAN DARJI
CONCLUSION
 In the context of present study, an area was studied in parts of toposheet no. 45D/16 falls in the Mahesana,
Banaskantha district, northern Gujarat
 The major litho-units observed in study area are K-Feldspar Porphyritic Granite & Plagioclase rich Porphyritic
Granite
 Pegmatite vein are intruded in to Microgranite and Calc-silicate rock are observed in study area
 This porphyritic, undeformed Granite is the youngest Granitic phase of Sendra Ambaji suite
 The last phase magmatic activity in the area is represented by Microgranite intrusion which is intruded by
Pegmatite vein
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21. M.G. SCIENCE INSTITUTE (GEOLOGY DEPARTMENT) – DARSHAN DARJI
 Alteration like epidotisation, silicification, have been observed in investigated block. Intense epidotisation in K
feldspar rich porphyritic Granite is observed at west of Lotol village, where in Epidote is associated throughout.
Fluorite vein in Potash-feldspar Granite and Alteration zone (brecciated zone) is found along study area
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22. M.G. SCIENCE INSTITUTE (GEOLOGY DEPARTMENT) – DARSHAN DARJI
REFRENCES
 Arindam Dutta, Shukla Dutta Gagan, Chandra Barik Specialized Thematic Mapping of The Delhi
Supergroup of Rocks in Danta-Bhanpur Area of Banaskantha District of Gujarat September 2014, pg. 29 –
71
 Prakash, I., Gupta, K. S., Dey, A., Singh, P. K., Dhoti, P., Basheer, H. S., ... & Modi, V. S. (2012). Geology
and Mineral Resources of Gujarat, Daman and diu. Geological Society of India, Miscellaneous Publication,
pg. 1-4
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23. M.G. SCIENCE INSTITUTE (GEOLOGY DEPARTMENT) – DARSHAN DARJI
WEBSITES
 https://bhukosh.gsi.gov.in/Bhukosh/Public
 https://bhuvan.nrsc.gov.in/
 www.wikipedia.com
 General Classification of Igneous Rocks (tulane.edu)
 https://earth.google.com/
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24. 24
M.G. SCIENCE INSTITUTE (GEOLOGY DEPARTMENT) – DARSHAN DARJI
symposium
 Presented a paper on " CHARACTERISATION OF GRANITE ON THE BASIS OF FIELD RELATION IN
AROUND MANEKNATH TEMPLE, MAHESANA, BANASKANTHA DISTRICT’S, GUJARAT, INDIA" at
Geoyouth-2023, 11th All India Students Symposium on Geology organized by the Department of Geology, M. L.
Sukhadia University, Udaipur during 25th-26th February,2023.

25. M.G. SCIENCE INSTITUTE (GEOLOGY DEPARTMENT) – DARSHAN DARJI
Thank You
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