8. 4 MAIN COMPONENTS
Platelets
4% of the blood
01
02 03
04
41% of the blood
Red Blood
Cells
Plasma
More than half (55%) of
the total blood volume
1% or less of the
blood
White Blood
Cells
9. Plasma
Liquid portion of the blood
that carries the proteins
including clotting factors
White Blood cells
Leukocytes are part of the
body’s immune system
Red Blood Cells
Erythrocytes carry oxygen
to the body and delivers to
the tissues
Platelets
Thrombocytes are cells
that help with clotting
10. 4 - 6 liters
Depending on size of the person
38% to 48%
Composed of various blood cells also called formed
elements
Physical Characteristics:
Amount of Blood
11. Scarlet Red
Oxygen rich blood
Dull Red
Oxygen poor blood
Physical Characteristics:
The Color Range
12. 7.35 to 7.45
Slightly Alkaline
For overall physiological stability
Physical Characteristics:
The pH
13. 3-5 times thicker
Viscosity high
Due to the presence of blood cells and plasma proteins
Physical Characteristics:
The Viscosity
Than water
15. To remove carbon
dioxide from the
body
Ensures the blood
remains at the
appropriate pH level
CO2
HCO3
FUNCTIONS: TRANSPORTS
Nutrients
Glucose, Amino
Acids, Fatty Acids,
Vitamins
Hormones
Insulin, Thyroid
Hormones, Adrenaline
Wastes
Urea, Creatinine,
Bilirubin
Antibodies
Help identify and
neutralize foreign
invaders
16. PLASMA PROTEINS
For water balance
between blood and
tissue (58%)
Part of the immune
system, necessary for
blood clots (38%)
A clotting factor
that constitutes 4%
of plasma proteins
Albumin Globulin Fibrinogen
17. COMPOSITION OF PLASMA
Water
Acts as solvent and
medium for blood
components
Proteins
Maintain osmotic
pressure, destroy
foreign bodies,
transport molecules
Ions
Involved in
osmotic pressure,
membrane
potentials, and
acid-base balance
Nutrients
Source of Energy
and “building
blocks”
01 02 03 04
18. Gases
Involved in aerobic
respiration
(oxygen and
carbon dioxide)
Waste
products
Breakdown
products of
protein
metabolism
Regulatory
Substances
Catalyze chemical
reactions
(enzymes) and
stimulate
hormones
05 06 07
19. FORMED ELEMENTS OF PLASMA
Element Function Image
Red Blood Cells
Transports oxygen and carbon
dioxide
White Blood Cells
Defend against infections and
diseases
Platelets Necessary for blood clotting
24. Hemostasis and its main phases
Vasoconstriction
Constriction of the injured blood vessel
Primary Hemostasis
Platelets adhere to the exposed
collagen at the site of injury
Secondary Hemostasis
The coagulation cascade
Fibrinolysis
Breaking down the fibrin clot
25.
26. ABO BLOOD GROUP
AB
There is both A and B
antigens on the surface of
the RBC and no A or B
antibodies in blood plasma
O
Neither have A or B
antigens on the surface
of RBC but both A and B
antibodies in blood
plasma
A
There is A antigens
on the surface of the
RBC and B antibodies
in blood plasma
B
There is B antigens
on the surface of the
RBC and A
antibodies in blood
plasma
30. IF LARGE QUANTITIES
OF BLOOD IS LOST
A person can go into shock
and die unless a transfusion
or infusion (introduction of
fluid other than blood such as
saline or glucose) is
performed.
