FOR DOWNLOAD CONTACT - eduvish24@gmail.com BIO ECOLOGY , NATURE OF DAMAGE, SYMPTOM OF DAMAGE AND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES OF MOTTLED EMIGRANT IN DAINCHA: Catopsilia pyranthe, the mottled emigrant, is a medium-sized butterfly of the family Pieridae.It is a strong migrant, often found puddling in large numbers. It visits flowers of Cassia spp., Pomegranate, Red gram, Bitter Gourd, Divi Divi, Lantana, Marigold, Common Sesban and several other plants of Fabaceae. The mottled emigrant , selects host for oviposition.During its larval stage, it feeds on leaves voraciously and destroys the foliar health and productivity.Complete defoliation of the leaflets.

1. BIO ECOLOGY , NATURE OF DAMAGE, SYMPTOM OF
DAMAGE AND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES OF
MOTTLED EMIGRANT IN DAINCHA
PRESENTED BY — VISHALI NS

2. INTRODUCTION
➔ Catopsilia pyranthe, the mottled emigrant, is a medium-sized
butterfly of the family Pieridae.
➔ It is a strong migrant, often found puddling in large numbers.
➔ It visits flowers of Cassia spp., Pomegranate, Red gram, Bitter Gourd,
Dividivi, Lantana, Marigold, Common Sesban and several other
plants of Fabaceae

3. BIOECOLOGY
➔ The eggs of the Mottled Emigrant are laid singly on the upperside of a
leaflet of the host plant.
➔ At times, more than one egg can be found on the same leaflet.
➔ The long spindle shaped egg is laid standing at one end with a length of
about 1.7-1.8mm.
➔ It is white in color with vertical ridges and numerous indistinct and
intermittent horizontal ridge lines.
➔ The egg takes about 2 days to hatch
EGG :

5. LARVA:
FIRST INSTAR
➔ The newly hatched has a length of about 2.7mm and has a pale white to
yellow head capsule.
➔ It has a cylindrical and pale yellowish green body featuring dorsal,
dorso-lateral and lateral rows of small tubercles running lengthwise.
➔ Each tubercle has a short seta emerging from the middle of it.
➔ After hatching, the young caterpillar eats the empty egg shell for its
first meal, and then moves on to eat the leaf lamina.
➔ The growth is fast paced and the body length reaches about 4.5mm in
this 1st instar which lasts just 1.0-1.5 days.

7. SECOND INSTAR
➔ The 2nd instar caterpillar is yellowish green in color on both body
segments and the head.
➔ The body is covered in rings (about six for each body segment) of
numerous small black tubercles from which very short setae
emerge. Head was pale yellow, 0.6 to 1.3 mm in diameter.
➔ Body segments were slightly visible.
➔ Larva fed slowly and excreted a very less amount of faeces which
was black in colour and alike to dust.

9. THIRD INSTAR
➔ The 3rd instar caterpillar resembles the 2nd instar caterpillar closely
except for the appearance of a faint whitish lateral lines.
➔ Body green in colour, a distinct black band was observed just above the
white lateral line.
➔ Legs and prolegs were very distinct.
➔ In this stage larva fed very fast and grew rapidly.
➔ It excreted a huge amount of faeces which was black in colour and
granular.

11. FOURTH INSTAR
➔ The white-yellow stacked lateral line on the 4th instar caterpillar is much
more prominent.
➔ Furthermore, the first or first 2 rows of dark tubercles above this lateral
line are larger with a bluish shine, thus forming prominent outline to the
white-yellow line.
➔ Green in colour. Head rounded, yellowish green and 1.8 to 2.5 mm in
diameter.
➔ In this instar larva consumed a huge amount of host plants leaves.
➔ Remaining characters were identical to third instar.

13. FIFTH INSTAR
➔ The 5th and final instar caterpillar resembles the 4th instar
caterpillar closely with no obvious changes.
➔ The 5th instar lasts for 2.5-3 days, and the body length reaches up to
41-45mm
➔ On the last day of the 5th instar, the body of the caterpillar shortens
and changes to a dull shade of pale green.
➔ It ceases feeding and comes to rest on the midrib on the underside of
a leaflet or the stem/stalk on the host plant.

15. The caterpillar spins a silk pad and a silk
girdle to secure itself and then becomes
immobile in its pre-pupatory pose.
Pre‐pupal stage:
➔ Body becomes thick and short by
contraction and was recorded 30
to 35 mm in length.
➔ Then they attach themselves to
the lower side of the leaf.
PUPAL STAGE:

16. ➔ It was pale green in colour with a yellow lateral line.
➔ It was totally inactive and It had a hard protective coating.
➔ It shown camouflage to evade potential predators
PUPAL STAGE:

18. ➔ After about 5 days of development, the pupal skin turns
translucent as the development within the pupal case comes to
an end.
➔ The yellow coloration and black borders on the forewing
upperside are now discernible.
➔ The following day, the adult butterfly emerges from the pupal
case.
EMERGENCE OF BUTTERFLY

20. ADULT
➔ Above, the wings are greenish white and the forewing has a black
apical border and a black cell-end spot.
➔ This black border and the cell-end spot are respectively broader
and larger in the female than in the male.
➔ Beneath, the wings are of a darker and greenish-ochreous hue and
there are many rather faint and short transverse striae in reddish
brown, giving it a "mottled" appearance.

23. NATURE OF DAMAGE
➢ The mottled emigrant , selects host for oviposition.
➢ During its larval stage, it feeds on leaves voraciously and
destroys the foliar health and productivity.
SYMPTOM OF DAMAGE
➢ Complete defoliation of
the leaflets

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