2. The Quit India Movement , also
known as the August Movement, was a
movement launched at the Bombay
session of the All India Congress
Committee by Mahatma Gandhi on 9
August 1942, during World War II,
demanding an end to British rule in
India.
3. The immediate cause for the movement was the collapse of
Cripps Mission. The British assumption of unconditional
support from India to British in World War II was not taken
well by the Indian National Congress. The anti-British
sentiments and demand for full-independence had gained
popularity among indian masses.
4.
5. Quit India Movement or 'Bharat Chodo Andolan', also known as August
Kranti Movement, was a call given by Mahatma Gandhi at the Bombay
session of All India Congress Committee on August 8, 1942, for an end to
the British rule in India.
6. Mumbai’s Gowalia Tank
Maidan also known as August
Kranti Maidan is the place
where the quit India
movement was launched by
Mahatma Gandhi. He along
with other leaders gathered
here on August 8 and 9, 1942.
7. The outcome of the movement was that Congress was declared an
unlawful association and its offices all over the country were raided.
The leaders were arrested and there rose a chaotic moment with this
incident.
The movement gave the slogans ‘Quit India’ or ‘Bharat Chodo’.
Gandhi gave the slogan to the people – ‘Do or die’.
In line with the Congress ideology, it was supposed to be a peaceful
non-violent movement aimed at urging the British to grant India
independence.
8. On 9th August, eminent Congress
leaders like Mahatma Gandhi,
Maulana Abul Kalam Azad etc were
arrested.
The All India Congress was declared
unlawful associations and banned it.
The assembly of public meetings were
prohibited.
Gandhi ji requested for non violence
movement once again in jail.
9. The arrest of Gandhi and the
Congress leaders led to mass
demonstrations throughout India.
Next it became a terrorist
movement.
The British swiftly responded with
mass detentions.
10. Large numbers of peasant joined in protesting against taxes, landholders
and british.
Matangini Hazra stepped forward capturing the court and the police
station on September 29 the people of Tamluk sub division.
The national govt was built by Satish
11. Thousands were killed and injured in the wake of the 'Quit India'
movement. Strikes were called in many places. The British swiftly
suppressed many of these demonstrations by mass detentions, more than
100,000 people were imprisoned
From 9 August 1942 to 21 September 1942, the Quit India Movement:
attacked 550 post offices, 250 railway stations, damaged many rail lines,
destroyed 70 police stations, and burned or damaged 85 other government
buildings. There were about 2,500 instances of telegraph wires being cut.
12.
13. Hindu Mahasabha and The Communist Party of India strongly opposed
the Quit India movement.
The Muslim League opposed Quit India.
Many Indian businessmen were profiting from heavy wartime and did not
support Quit India.
The nationalists had very little international support.
The lack of leadership.
14. The Quit India Resolution
was passed by the Congress
Working Committee on 8
August 1942 in Bombay.
Gandhi was named the
movement’s leader.
15. 1. An immediate end to British rule over India.
2. Declaration of the commitment of free India to defend
itself against all kinds of imperialism and fascism.
3. Formation of a provisional government of India after
British withdrawal.
4. Sanctioning a civil disobedience movement against
British rule.
16. 1. Government servants:- do not resign your job but
proclaim loyalty to the INC.
2. Soldiers:- be with the army but refrain from firing on
compatriots.
3. Peasants:- pay the agreed-upon rent if the
landlords/Zamindars are anti-government; if they are
pro-government, do not pay the rent.
4. Students: can leave studies if they are confident
enough.
5. Princes: support the people and accept the sovereignty
of the
6. People of the princely states: support the ruler only if
he is anti-government; declare themselves as part of
the Indian nation.
17. In his Quit India speech on 8th
Aug at Gowalia Tank, Bombay,
Gandhi told Indians to follow non-
violent civil disobedience.
Gandhi called "an orderly British
withdrawal" from India and told
the Cong leader to Do or Die.
He advised for the Hindu Muslim
unity.
18. The Second World War had started in 1939 and Japan, which was
part of the Axis Powers that were opposed to the British in the war
were gaining onto the north-eastern frontiers of India.
The British had abandoned their territories in South-East Asia and
had left their population in the lurch. This act did not garner much
faith among the Indian population who had doubts about the
British ability to defend India against Axis aggression.
Gandhi also believed that if the British left India, Japan would not
have enough reason to invade India.
19. Apart from hearing news about British
setbacks in the war, the war-time
difficulties such as high prices of essential
commodities fostered resentment against
the British government.
The failure of the Cripps Mission to
guarantee any kind of a constitutional
remedy to India’s problems also led to the
INC calling for a mass civil disobedience
movement.
20. Gandhiji referred woman "as disciplined soldiers of Indian freedom".
Usha Mehta set up a radio transmitter, called the Voice of Freedom to
disseminate information in quit India movement.
Matangini Hazra,Aruna Asaf Ali, Sucheta Kripalani
Aruna Asaf AliAruna Asaf Ali (Ganguly) (16 July 1909 - 29 July 1996) was
an Indian educator, political activist, and publisher. An active participant
in the Indian independence movement, she is widely remembered for
hoisting the Indian National flag at the Gowalia Tank maidan, Bombay
during a Quit India Movement in 1942.
21. The British government responded to the call of Gandhi by
arresting all major Congress leaders the very next day. Gandhi,
Nehru, Patel, etc. were all arrested. This left the movement in the
hands of the younger leaders like Jayaprakash Narayan and Ram
Manohar Lohia. New leaders like Aruna Asaf Ali emerged out of
the vacuum of leadership.
Over 100000 people were arrested in connection with this
movement. The government resorted to violence in order to quell
the agitation. They were mass floggings and lathi charges. Even
women and children were not spared. About 10000 people died in
police firing in total.
22. There was no communal violence.
The INC was banned. Its leaders were jailed for almost the
whole of the war. Gandhi was released on health grounds
in 1944.
The people responded to Gandhi’s call in a major way.
However, in the absence of leadership, there were stray
incidences of violence and damage to government property.
Many buildings were set on fire, electricity lines were cut
and communication and transport lines were broken.
Some parties did not support the movement. There was
opposition from the Muslim League, the Communist Party
of India (the government revoked the ban on the party
then) and the Hindu Mahasabha.
23. The League was not in favour of the British leaving India
without partitioning the country first. In fact, Jinnah asked
more Muslims to enlist in the army to fight the war.
The Communist party supported the war waged by the
British since they were allied with the Soviet Union.
Subhas Chandra Bose, was by this time, organizing the
Indian National Army and the Azad Hind government from
outside the country.
C Rajagopalachari, resigned from the INC since he was not
in favour of complete independence.
In general, the Indian bureaucracy did not support the Quit
India Movement.
24. There were strikes and demonstrations all
over the country. Despite the communist
group’s lack of support to the movement,
workers provided support by not working
in the factories.
In some places, parallel governments were
also set up. Example: Ballia, Tamluk,
Satara.
The chief areas of the movement were UP
Bihar, Maharashtra, Midnapore, and
Karnataka. The movement lasted till 1944.
25. Despite heavy-handed suppression by the government, the
people were unfazed and continued their struggle.
Even though the government said that independence could
be granted only after the end of the war, the movement
drove home the point that India could not be governed
without the support of the Indians.
The movement placed the demand for complete
independence at the top agenda of the freedom movement.
Public morale and anti-British sentiment were enhanced.
26. The Quit India movement was the spontaneous participation of the
masses compared to the other Gandhian movements like non cooperation
and civil disobedience After Quit India there could be no retreat
Independence was no longer a matter of bargain. And this became amply
clear after World War II.
27. The Quit India campaign was effectively crushed.
The British refused to grant immediate independence, saying it could
happen only after the war had ended.... In terms of immediate objectives,
Quit India failed because of heavy-handed suppression, weak
coordination and the lack of a clear-cut program of action.
28.
29.
30. Made by students on K.V.Ambernath Class 9th C
1. Aditya Sisodiya (Roll no. 40)
2. Vaibhav Raj Dubey ( Roll no. 42)
3. Rupesh Kumar Sinha ( Roll no. 15)
4. Mohammad Hafee Khan ( Roll nom 22)
5. Surendra Yadav ( Roll no. 29)
