the ppt explains about analysis of coal

1. ANALYSIS OF COAL
SAYYAD MOULALI
2201520044,
Msc Analytical chemistry,
KL UNIVERSITY,GUNTUR.
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2. There are two methods for analyzing coal: Ultimate analysis and
Proximate analysis.
coal Analysis
Ultimate Analysis Proximate Analysis
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ANALYSIS OF COAL

3. PROXIMATE ANALYSIS
Four parameters which have been analysed under this
particular method as,
 moisture content,
 volatile matter,
 ash content,
 fixed carbon.
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MOISTURE ANALYSIS
• Take a representative sample of finely powdered coal
• Place the sample in a silica crucible
• Heat the crucible in an electrical hot air oven at a temperature of approximately 105-
110°C
• Weigh the crucible with the remaining coal
• Repeat the heating and cooling process until the weight of the crucible with the coal
remains constant
• Calculate the loss in weight as a percentage of the initial weight of the coal sample.
The formula for calculating moisture content is as follows:
Moisture (%) = (loss in weight due to moisture removal / weight of coal sample taken)
x 100.

5. DETERMINATION OF VOLATILE MATTER
• Obtain a sample of moisture-free coal
• Preheat a muffle furnace to a specific temperature of 925°C ± 20°C.
• Heat the sample for a duration of 7 minutes.
• Weigh the crucible again after coolingThis weight loss represents
the volatile matter content in the coal.
This is calculated using the formula:
Volatile matter (%) = (loss in weight due to removal of volatile matter / weight of coal sample used) x 100.
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6. Determination of Ash content
• Obtain a sample of dry coal.
• Place the coal sample in an open crucible
• heat the sample for a duration of thirty minutes.at temperature range of 700-750°C.
• Calculate the percentage of ash content based on the weight of the residue.
• Lower ash content indicates higher coal quality.
The ash content is calculated using the Formula:
Ash content (%) = (weight of ash formed / weight of dry coal taken) x 100.
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7. Fixed Carbon
Once the moisture, volatile matter, and ash content have been
determined, the remaining substance is referred to as fixed
carbon.
Formula:-
Fixed carbon % = 100-(moisture%+VM %+Ash %)
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