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Protecting AI Based
Software Inventions
HASIT B. SETH
Techex.in @Venture Centre, Pune
Only Series
09 January 2024
(c) Hasit Seth, 2021
Introduction
♔Name: HASIT B. SETH
♔I am a disputes lawyer in India. My practice focuses on
commercial dispute resolution covering IP, construction,
contracts in litigation and arbitrations
♔I am licensed to practice law in New York and India
♔You are welcome to connect at
https://www.linkedin.com/in/hbs and keep in touch
(c) Hasit Seth, 2021
Outline
♔ Software Inventions
♔Unique Protectable Features of AI Inventions
♔ Inventions Including AI
♔ AI as the Inventor
(c) Hasit Seth, 2021
Software Inventions
(c) Hasit Seth, 2021
Nature of Software In Inventions
♔ The patent system was created around machines or
chemicals
♕ Mechanical
♕ Electrical
♕ Electronic
♕ Chemicals
♔ Machine = a system of cooperative parts
♔ Most machines involves transformation of energy or form
as “work”
♔ Software involves no transformation of energy or form
♔Yet, it gets job done!
(c) Hasit Seth, 2021
Blind Men and the Elephant
♔ Copyright as protector of software inventions
♔ Different infringement standards of copyright vs. patents
♔ Inventive ideas lost in merely protecting expression of
idea under the copyright
♔ “Computer Programme Product” – Beauregard Claim
♔ “Technical Effect” – EU Patent Office
♔ USPTO – 101, 102 and 103 trinity was enough.
♔ Finding equivalents of software structures in physical
world is a hopeless and meaningless task.
(c) Hasit Seth, 2021
The Silent Compromise
♔ Allow patenting of software inventions
♔ Maintain some required standard of “technical”-ness of
the invention
♔ Pretend that its not merely algorithms!
(c) Hasit Seth, 2021
Unique Protectable Features
of AI Inventions
(c) Hasit Seth, 2021
The seminal paper
(c) Hasit Seth, 2021
Transformer Model
(c) Hasit Seth, 2021
Vaswani et al. Attention Is All You Need (2017)
Training Data Sets
(c) Hasit Seth, 2021
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Training%2C_va
lidation%2C_and_test_data_sets
Neural Networks, Layers, Transformers
(c) Hasit Seth, 2021
Challenges
♔ It’s not just code, it’s data + code for AI inventions
♔ How does patent law protect data and relationships?
♔ Copyright law and neural networks?
♔ Patent law’s allergy to “printed matter” inventions, e.g.
fonts
(c) Hasit Seth, 2021
Protectable Components
♔ Training Data-Sets
♔ Training models
♔ Transformative mechanisms
♔ Error rate reduction
♔ Optimisation methods
♔ Outputs
(c) Hasit Seth, 2021
Inventions Including AI
(c) Hasit Seth, 2021
Applications
♔ Text
♕ ChatGPT / Bard
♕ Code Pilot
♕ Text assistants in word processors
♕ Chatbots
♔ Media
♕ Dall-E
♕ Creatives, Creators
♕Music loop creators
(c) Hasit Seth, 2021
AI as the Inventor
(c) Hasit Seth, 2021
Patent Offices & Courts
♔UK “Dabus” case – UK SC rejected AI as an inventor
♕ https://www.reuters.com/technology/ai-cannot-be-patent-
inventor-uk-supreme-court-rules-landmark-case-2023-12-20/
♔ A survey of Dabus around the world:
♕ https://www.epo.org/en/news-events/in-focus/ict/artificial-
intelligence.
(c) Hasit Seth, 2021

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2024-01-09 - Protecting AI Based Software Inventions - Venture Centre / TechEx.pptx

  • 1. Protecting AI Based Software Inventions HASIT B. SETH Techex.in @Venture Centre, Pune Only Series 09 January 2024 (c) Hasit Seth, 2021
  • 2. Introduction ♔Name: HASIT B. SETH ♔I am a disputes lawyer in India. My practice focuses on commercial dispute resolution covering IP, construction, contracts in litigation and arbitrations ♔I am licensed to practice law in New York and India ♔You are welcome to connect at https://www.linkedin.com/in/hbs and keep in touch (c) Hasit Seth, 2021
  • 3. Outline ♔ Software Inventions ♔Unique Protectable Features of AI Inventions ♔ Inventions Including AI ♔ AI as the Inventor (c) Hasit Seth, 2021
  • 5. Nature of Software In Inventions ♔ The patent system was created around machines or chemicals ♕ Mechanical ♕ Electrical ♕ Electronic ♕ Chemicals ♔ Machine = a system of cooperative parts ♔ Most machines involves transformation of energy or form as “work” ♔ Software involves no transformation of energy or form ♔Yet, it gets job done! (c) Hasit Seth, 2021
  • 6. Blind Men and the Elephant ♔ Copyright as protector of software inventions ♔ Different infringement standards of copyright vs. patents ♔ Inventive ideas lost in merely protecting expression of idea under the copyright ♔ “Computer Programme Product” – Beauregard Claim ♔ “Technical Effect” – EU Patent Office ♔ USPTO – 101, 102 and 103 trinity was enough. ♔ Finding equivalents of software structures in physical world is a hopeless and meaningless task. (c) Hasit Seth, 2021
  • 7. The Silent Compromise ♔ Allow patenting of software inventions ♔ Maintain some required standard of “technical”-ness of the invention ♔ Pretend that its not merely algorithms! (c) Hasit Seth, 2021
  • 8. Unique Protectable Features of AI Inventions (c) Hasit Seth, 2021
  • 9. The seminal paper (c) Hasit Seth, 2021
  • 10. Transformer Model (c) Hasit Seth, 2021 Vaswani et al. Attention Is All You Need (2017)
  • 11. Training Data Sets (c) Hasit Seth, 2021 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Training%2C_va lidation%2C_and_test_data_sets
  • 12. Neural Networks, Layers, Transformers (c) Hasit Seth, 2021
  • 13. Challenges ♔ It’s not just code, it’s data + code for AI inventions ♔ How does patent law protect data and relationships? ♔ Copyright law and neural networks? ♔ Patent law’s allergy to “printed matter” inventions, e.g. fonts (c) Hasit Seth, 2021
  • 14. Protectable Components ♔ Training Data-Sets ♔ Training models ♔ Transformative mechanisms ♔ Error rate reduction ♔ Optimisation methods ♔ Outputs (c) Hasit Seth, 2021
  • 15. Inventions Including AI (c) Hasit Seth, 2021
  • 16. Applications ♔ Text ♕ ChatGPT / Bard ♕ Code Pilot ♕ Text assistants in word processors ♕ Chatbots ♔ Media ♕ Dall-E ♕ Creatives, Creators ♕Music loop creators (c) Hasit Seth, 2021
  • 17. AI as the Inventor (c) Hasit Seth, 2021
  • 18. Patent Offices & Courts ♔UK “Dabus” case – UK SC rejected AI as an inventor ♕ https://www.reuters.com/technology/ai-cannot-be-patent- inventor-uk-supreme-court-rules-landmark-case-2023-12-20/ ♔ A survey of Dabus around the world: ♕ https://www.epo.org/en/news-events/in-focus/ict/artificial- intelligence. (c) Hasit Seth, 2021