Pengobatan herbal saat ini diyakini sebagai alternatif yang baik dalam mengganti antibiotika pada budidaya ikan laut

1. Romi Novriadi1
and KB Haw2
1) Batam Mariculture Development Centre, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Indonesia
2) Engineering Consultant at Aquacultural Fresh and Marine Exploratory,Singapore
Immunostimulation Effects of Herbal Bio
-Conditioners on Tiger Grouper (E. fuscoguttatus)
Against V. parahaemolyticus infection

2. Masalah Pada Budidaya Ikan Kerapu
1. Kematian akibat penyakit, disebabkan oleh :
- Jamur : Ichthyophonus sp
- Bakteri : Vibriosis (including: V. parahaemolyticus) infection,
Pseudomonas infection, Streptococcal infection
Flexibacter infection and Bacterial Gill Diseases
- Virus : Viral Nervous Necrosis (VNN), Iridovirus
- Parasit : Protozoans, Monogeneans, Nematodes, Copepods and leeches
2. Degradasi kualitas lingkungan
Toksisitas logam berat, air limbah, pakan yang tidak dikonsumsi, ….dsb
New approach :
Aplikasi pengobatan herbal

3. Apa keuntungan aplikasi herbal pada akuakultur?
Immune enhancing activity
Help to cure various diseases
Antimicrobiological activities
Mengandung berbagai senyawa aktif seperti: alkaloids, flavonoids,
pigments, phenolics, terpenoids, steroids dan essential oils

4. Tujuan Studi
Melakukan analisa terhadap pengaruh aplikasi ekstrak bakau dan
ketapang untuk memperkuat sistem imun dan tingkat kelulushidupan
Kerapu macan (E. fuscoguttatus) melawan infeksi V. parahaemolyticus
Studi awal di BPBL Batam Studi lanjutan di Aquacultural F.A.M.E(s).

5. Proses Ekstraksi Bahan Herbal
Daun bakau dan ketapang
Dikeringkan
Dihancurkan dengan mechanical grinder (tepung)
Dimasukkan dalam tabung
V distiller
5 gr tepung herbal dilarutkan dalam 50 mL
methanol dan aceton
Ekstraksi dilakukan selama 48 jam (100 rpm)
Larutan ekstraksi
(+) osmoregulatory salt: CaCO3, MgSO4, KCl
Evaporasi (40 -72 C)⁰ ⁰
Crude extract

6. Experimental design
Artemia Feeder Inlet
Air stone
Outlet
Bio-security
1-2 cm of Tiger grouper
175 L saline water
(30 mg/L)
29±10
C using
thermostatic heater
Exchanged
± 50%/day
Density:
3 fish/L
NH4-N, NO2-N, and
NO3-N were
measured
every two days
DO > 5 mg/L

7. Experimental Design (Bacterial Culture)
Bacterial Culture
± 150 µl of bacteria strain
aseptically inoculated in
30 ml marine broth
Incubated overnight
at 250
-280
C Challenge bacteria
Bacteria as feed
Autoclaved at 121 C and 15 psi
for 20 minutes
150 µl was subsequently
transferred and grown again in
30 ml of marine broth 6 hours
before challenge
Density
Measurement at
550 nm
Axenity
Verification
100 µl 5 days incubation

8. Experimental Design
1-2 cm of
Tiger
grouper
Conditioning for 6 h
with 0.05 g/L
AquaHerb
Challenged with Vibrio
parahaemolyticus (105
cells/ml)
Washing
Medication (AquaHerb
Immersion) 0.05 g/L
24 h
72h
1. Survival (%)
2. Immune response
12 h
6 h
72h
72h
Control: Exposed to sea
water for 6 h

9. Survival Percentage (%)
Fig 1: Histogram of the mean survival (%) of tiger grouper challenged with V. parahaemolyticus at 105 cells/ml.
Survival was scored at 72 hours after AquaHerb immersion and the addition of V. parahaemolyticus for the challenge.
Each experiment was repeated twice and similar results were observed. Significant differences among the treatments
and control at corresponding time of herbal exposure are indicated by different letter ( p< 0.05).
d
c
e
b
f
a

10. Immune Response: Leukocytes
a
bbbb
c
cd d
cd
d
d
cd

11. Immune Response: Monocytes (%)
a
b
ab
ab
ab
ab
b
b b b
b b

12. Immune Response: Lymphocyte (%)
aa a
b b
bbb b
ab
ab ab

13. Immune Response: Neutrophile (%)
aaa
bbb
c
bcbc
ab
ab ab

14. Conclusion
1. Herbal Bio Conditioners merupakan senyawa dan teknik
immunostimulan yang baik dan mampu meningkatkan
kelulushidupan kerapu macan melawan infeksi Vibrio
parahaemolyticus
2. Herbal Bio Conditioners mampu meningkatkan parameter
imun pada ikan kerapu macan (Leukocytes, Monocytes,
Lymphocyte and Neutrophile)
Further Research
Perlu dilakukan analisa sistem imun spesifik dan non-spesifik
lainnya sebagai dampak aplikasi Herbal Bio Conditioners serta
perlakuan aplikasi herbal untuk waktu yang lebih lama
Immunosupression ????

15. TERIMA KASIH
Prevention isBetter Than Cure
Lancang kuning lancang
pusaka
Nampak dari Tanjung Puan
Kalau Antibiotik jadi Petaka
Baiklah Herbal Dijadikan