Presentation to NIST re: cloud computing, open clouds, and the disruption to existing enterprise IT patterns. A lot of the content was delivered verbally, so the deck makes less sense standalone. Note that NIST is supposed to eventually post the video.

1. Clouds, Open-ness, and IT Patterns
Randy Bias, CTO & Co-Founder
NIST Cloud Computing Forum & Workshop IV, November - 2011

2. Cloudification
2

3. What is Cloud Computing?
On demand Self-service
services? Web Apps?
?
IT-as-a-
Service? Virtualization?
3

4. ... could it be something else?
On demand Self-service
services? Web Apps?
IT-as-a-
Service? Virtualization?
4

5. ... could it be something else?
On demand Self-service
services? Web Apps?
Disruption?
IT-as-a-
Service? Virtualization?
4

6. Enterprise Computing (Legacy)
5

7. Cloud Computing (Web-scale)
6

8. Cloud Computing’s Pioneers

9. IT - Disruption & Evolution
Mainframe Enterprise Cloud
Computing Computing Computing
"Big Iron" "Client-Server" "Web"
1960 1980 2000 2020
8

10. IT - Disruption & Evolution
Mainframe Enterprise Cloud
Computing Computing Computing
"Big Iron" "Client-Server" "Web"
1960 1980 2000 2020
Disruption 8

11. IT - Disruption & Evolution
Mainframe Enterprise Cloud
Computing Computing Computing
"Big Iron" "Client-Server" "Web"
1960 1980 2000 2020
Disruption Disruption 8

12. IT - Disruption & Evolution
Mainframe Enterprise Cloud
Computing Computing Computing
"Big Iron" "Client-Server" "Web"
1960 1980 2000 2020
Disruption Disruption Disruption 8

13. IT - Evolution of Computing Models
SLA
Scaling
Hardware
HA Type
Software
Consumption
Mainframe Enterprise Cloud
9

14. IT - Evolution of Computing Models
SLA 99.999
Scaling Vertical
Hardware Custom
HA Type Hardware
Software Centralized
Consumption Centralized
Service
Mainframe Enterprise Cloud
9

15. IT - Evolution of Computing Models
SLA 99.999 99.9
Scaling Vertical Horizontal
Hardware Custom Enterprise
HA Type Hardware Software
Software Centralized Decentralized
Consumption Centralized Shared
Service Service
Mainframe Enterprise Cloud
9

16. IT - Evolution of Computing Models
SLA 99.999 99.9 Always On
Scaling Vertical Horizontal
Hardware Custom Enterprise Commodity
HA Type Hardware Software
Software Centralized Decentralized Distributed
Consumption Centralized Shared Self-service
Service Service
Mainframe Enterprise Cloud
9

17. Essential Understanding
“The cloud lets its “... get into the [Google] mind-
users focus on set ... robustness ... has to be
delivering designed into your software ...
differentiating assume that the hardware [is] ...
business value ... ” unreliable and broken ... at any
point.”
-- Werner Vogels, Amazon CTO
-- Adrian Cockcroft, Netflix Chief Cloud
Architect
10

18. Amazon Web Services
(a guiding light)
11

19. Why is AWS Different?

20. SCALE

21. AWS uses non-Enterprise IT patterns
IT Pattern Enterprise
SLA Target (Uptime) 99.999% (pretend) 99.95% (realistic)
SLA Actual 99.9% (if lucky) 99.99% (or more)
Scaling Vertical Horizontal
Hardware Vanity Hardware Commodity Hardware
HA Type Use hardware and pray Use software and plan for
failure
Software Arch Centralized & brittle Decentralized and
isolated fault domains
Consumption Model Call the help desk Self-service
14

22. 1990’s “Big App” in the Enterprise
100K end
users?
15

23. 2010’s “Big App” on the Internet
800M+
end users
16

24. “Enterprise-class” isn’t
good enough any more

25. Cloud Computing is the new IT -
an IT that is massive scale for utility use
Mainframe Enterprise Cloud
18

26. Cloud Computing
19

27. Cloud Computing ... Boiled Down
20

28. Cloud Computing ... Boiled Down
20

29. Cloud Computing ... Boiled Down
+
Commodity
Hardware
20

30. Cloud Computing ... Boiled Down
+ +
Commodity
Hardware
20

31. Cloud Computing ... Boiled Down
Scale Engineering
+ +
Commodity
Hardware
20

32. Cloud Computing ... Boiled Down
Scale Engineering
+ + +
Commodity
Hardware Operational
Excellence 20

33. Open Source

34. Commodity Hardware

35. Scale Engineering

36. Operational Excellence

37. Open Clouds?
Combination of:
Open Network (Internet)
Open APIs (AWS? OpenStack API?)
Open Source (OpenStack, Hadoop, Cassandra)
Open Hardware (Open Compute)
Open Standards (TBD?)
No single owner
Meaning ...
Federation, interoperability, and leverage
25

38. OpenStack
Momentum
• >50,000 downloads
• 600+ Summit attendees
• 1,200+ active participants
In use today at scale
• RAX running storage at >30PB
• NASA at >20,000 VMs
• Govt Agency running 600+ nodes
• Govt Agency using it for HPC
• KT / INAP at >2.5 PB storage
• HP - 1000 nodes, >2 PB
• Mercado Libre - 5,000 VMs
26

39. Call to Arms
27

40. Action Plan #1 - How to Build IT
Learn from the pioneers
AMZN & GOOG, not VMW
Next generation vendors
Scale engineering & operational excellence
Open Clouds are the future
Open source is key
Skate to where puck will be
28

41. Action Plan #2 - How the Gov Can Help
Support Open Initiatives:
OpenStack, Open Compute, etc.
Press AMZN to Open License their APIs
What if Gov only talked to open licensed APIs?
Avoids lock-in and opens market to competition
Demand open cloud solutions in bids
29

42. Thank You!
twitter: @randybias
email: randyb@cloudscaling.com