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A PRACTITIONER'S GUIDE TO
SUCCESSFULLY MIGRATE FROM
ORACLE TO SYBASE ASE – PART 1
PETER DOBLER
PRESIDENT DOBLER CONSULTING
SEPTEMBER 14TH 2011
ABOUT PETER DOBLER
         • Peter Dobler is an accomplished IT database professional, with 25+ years of experience, who
           delivers results by building sophisticated data systems; by implementing advanced application
           software; and, by improving efficiencies and reducing costs. He founded Dobler Consulting,
           (www.doblerconsulting.com) a Tampa, Florida consulting firm that delivers implementation
           expertise for Sybase, Oracle and MS SQL Server in 2000. Dobler Consulting is a Sybase System
           Integration partner and a premier partner for Sybase Professional Services. Peter designed and
           deployed large scale, high performance, enterprise level DW systems exceeding 40 TB and
           managed large IT groups of DBAs, System Engineers, Storage Engineering, and Security experts.
           He is a nationally recognized premier Sybase expert who frequently gets invited to speak at
           Sybase events. He can be reached at: mailto:pdobler@doblerconsulting.com or 813-322-3240.
         • Read Peter’s Database Technology Trends Blog (Behind the Scenes of Database Evolution) at:
           http://www.peterdobler.com, and his Technology Tips Blog (Step-by- step Instructions on
           Today's Challenging Technology) at http://www.techtipsntrick.com.



2 – October 18, 2011
ABOUT THIS PRESENTATION


         • This session is part 1 of a 2 part session
            – Overview of the migration process
            – 7 step migration process walkthrough
            – Migration path
         • Session 2 will cover the deep dive into the technical aspects.
            – Portability Check
            – Technical Challenges
            – Sample Code and Workarounds
3 – October 18, 2011
OVERVIEW




4 – October 18, 2011
MIGRATION MYTHS

         Typical database migration myths are:
         • Boardroom decision based on personal preferences ->
           financials
         • Too complex -> more work -> financials
         • No good reason for migration -> resistance -> more work ->
           financials
         • Vendor A is better than vendor B -> financials
         • Bottom-Line: Migration decisions are made by executives, not
           technologists
5 – October 18, 2011
MIGRATION SCOPE DEFINITION

         It is necessary to understand the underlying differences between
         Oracle and Sybase ASE. This knowledge will guide you through
         the migration process and is the foundation for a successful
         migration.
         One important fact about comparing Oracle with Sybase ASE is to
         understand which part of Oracle will be compared with which
         Sybase product. Unlike Oracle, which integrates all its technology
         into one system, Sybase opted to separate these tasks with
         unique and specialized products that communicate well with
         each other.
6 – October 18, 2011
ORACLE AND SYBASE COMPARED

                                 Oracle                                Sybase
                          Oracle Database Server                      Sybase ASE
                           Oracle OLAP and DW                          Sybase IQ
                             Oracle Analytics                          Sybase IQ
                               Oracle RAC                     Sybase ASE Cluster Edition
                             Oracle Times Ten            Sybase ASE 15.5 In-Memory Database
                                                      Sybase Mirror Activator / Sybase Replication
                            Oracle Data Guard
                                                                        Server

                       Oracle Streams / Golden Gate            Sybase Replication Server


7 – October 18, 2011
MIGRATION CHECKLIST
         An Oracle to Sybase migration project should be divided into
         individual sub-tasks.
            1. Planning the migration
            2. Designing architecture migration
            3. Implementing schema migration
            4. Implementing data migration
            5. Implementing application migration
            6. Implementing operation migration
            7. Validating the migration
8 – October 18, 2011
PLANNING THE MIGRATION




9 – October 18, 2011
PLANNING THE MIGRATION

        An Oracle to Sybase migration project will contain the same
        project management components as any other project.
             • Milestones
             • WBS
             • Resource allocations

        The key to a successful migration is identifying possible show-
        stoppers before the project starts.
10 – October 18, 2011
PLANNING THE MIGRATION
        Identify Functionalities and Performing a Portability Check


        • Identify all the Oracle specific functionalities that are being
          used in the application(s).
        • Have a migration solution or workaround for every Oracle
          component in place.
        • Perform a portability check on the entire environment and all
          applications. (Session 2 will provide a deep dive)



11 – October 18, 2011
PLANNING THE MIGRATION
        Identifying Incompatibilities


        • Identify Oracle to Sybase migration incompatibilities.
          For example:
            • Object tables (Sybase supports Java object columns)
            • Pseudo Columns (ROWNUM, Flashback columns)
            • SQL Syntax (SQL extensions for OLAP, ORACLE SQL Syntax)
            • SQL*Plus


12 – October 18, 2011
PLANNING THE MIGRATION
        Identifying Possible Show Stoppers


        • If incompatibilities have been identified, plan for additional
          time to rewrite the application.
        • The main goal of the planning stage is to identify possible
          major code rewrites that increase the cost of the migration
          itself.
             • Can lead to deferring the migration project until major
                application re-design is due.
             • Can stop the project all-together.

13 – October 18, 2011
DESIGNING ARCHITECTURE
                              MIGRATION



14 – October 18, 2011
DESIGNING ARCHITECTURE MIGRATION

        The architecture migration basically includes:
            • Database definition and creation
                        • Sizing
                        • Security
                        • Options
                    • Mapping of Oracle database elements to the Sybase ASE
                      counterparts.


15 – October 18, 2011
DESIGNING ARCHITECTURE MIGRATION
        Major Differences Between Oracle and Sybase


        • Major architecture differences between Oracle and Sybase
          are:
            • Concurrency and Multi-Versioning
            • Multi-Process vs. Multi-Thread Architecture
            • Instance and Database vs. dataserver and databases
            • Transaction Processing
            • ANSI SQL vs. T-SQL

16 – October 18, 2011
DESIGNING ARCHITECTURE MIGRATION
        Be Aware

        • Concurrency and Multi-Versioning
           • The default transaction isolation level for both Oracle and
              Sybase ASE is isolation level 1 / Read Committed.
           • To mimic ANSI transaction handling and Oracle read
              versioning with the least code re-write, you can use set
              chained on and isolation level 3.
           • This creates a bad situation for Sybase ASE. Isolation
              level 3 in Sybase ASE creates a holdlock for every query,
              and that creates a cascading blocking effect.
17 – October 18, 2011
IMPLEMENTING SCHEMA
                             MIGRATION



18 – October 18, 2011
IMPLEMENTING SCHEMA MIGRATION

        In Oracle, a schema is equivalent to a user login. A schema always
        has a login, whereas a user login may or may not have a schema.
        An Oracle schema typically translates directly into a Sybase ASE
        user database. Pay close attention to synonym definitions, as
        they can spawn additional requirements in the schema
        migration.
        It is very important to completely understand the security and
        user permission requirements on every schema. The security
        dependencies will guide the Sybase ASE user database design.
19 – October 18, 2011
IMPLEMENTING SCHEMA MIGRATION
        Data Types Limits


        • The main focus on a schema migration is on data type
          conversions. For most Oracle data types, there is a Sybase ASE
          equivalent, with some minor exceptions:
            • CLOB and BLOB exceed the Sybase ASE max. allocation for
              TEXT and IMAGE
            • CHAR, VARCHAR2 and RAW exceed Sybase ASE maximum
              in a 2k page configuration.
            • VARCHAR2 exceeds Sybase ASE maximum in a 4k page
              configuration.
20 – October 18, 2011
IMPLEMENTING SCHEMA MIGRATION
        High-level Tasks


        • Reverse engineering of all schemas
            • Always use the data dictionary stored in the production
               database.
            • Use PowerDesigner to reverse engineer schemas and
               convert data types
        • Plan the object placement
        • Create the new index strategy
        • Migrate schema security and rules
21 – October 18, 2011
IMPLEMENTING DATA
                            MIGRATION



22 – October 18, 2011
IMPLEMENTING DATA MIGRATION

        The data migration task can be broken up into the following three subtasks:
        1.        Planning: It is important to understand the various options available for
                  migrating the data, particularly the advantages and limitations of each of
                  the options. This subtask involves evaluating the characteristics of the
                  source data, and evaluating environmental and business constraints.
        2.        Execution: This subtask involves transferring the data using the Sybase
                  data migration tool, migrating the Oracle database objects to Sybase
                  database objects.
        3.        Validation: This subtask accounts for all the data validation and verifies
                  data integrity.
23 – October 18, 2011
IMPLEMENTING DATA MIGRATION
        Planning


        • The method of data migration is largely dependent on the size
          of the database, and down time granted for the data transfer.
        • Low volume and/or long down times allow for flat file exports
          and bcp imports.
        • High volume systems and/or short downtime requirements
          should use Sybase Replication Server for the data movement.



24 – October 18, 2011
IMPLEMENTING DATA MIGRATION
        Execution


        • Oracle does not provide a tool for flat file export. Custom
          stored procedures need to be created or a 3rd party tool like
          FACT has to be used.
        • Enterprise Connect Data Access (ECDA) allows for data transfer
          via proxy tables and by-passes flat files.
        • Sybase Replication Server allows for up to last minute
          transaction synchronization with the shortest down time.


25 – October 18, 2011
IMPLEMENTING DATA MIGRATION
        Execution


        • Alternatively Oracle tools, Oracle Streams or Golden Gate, for
          example, can be used for the data transfer as well.

        • For large datasets it is highly recommended to use some form
          of data replication. But only Sybase Replication Server
          provides the Data Assurance option that allows the validation
          of source and target data. This will eliminate the need to write
          custom code to compare source and target database.

26 – October 18, 2011
IMPLEMENTING DATA MIGRATION
        Validation


        • Before allowing access to a production system after a
          migration, careful data validation steps have to be
          implemented.
        • Create custom scripts to compare the source database with
          the target database.
            • Or, utilize the Sybase Replication Server Data Assurance
               feature.


27 – October 18, 2011
IMPLEMENTING DATA MIGRATION
        With Full Data Load, Check for Bottlenecks and Prepare System


        • Check the tuning of the database and memory usage settings applied
        • Check for sufficient disk space for the expected size of the database 12
          months ahead.
        • Check for sufficient size of the tempdb database for handling temporary
          working storage, sort activity and for temporary user tables.
        • Check for sufficient size of transaction log of the user database created.
        • Prepare database monitoring activities
        • Document database and server configuration settings

28 – October 18, 2011
IMPLEMENTING APPLICATION
                               MIGRATION



29 – October 18, 2011
IMPLEMENTING APPLICATION MIGRATION

        The application migration task is by far the largest and time
        consuming part of the entire migration project. The task can be
        divided into several application parts:
        • Embedded SQL application
             • C or COBOL pre-compilers are doing 99% of the migration.
               Only the SQL has to be checked for compatibility.
        • ODBC client application
             • The connection string changes, and possible stored
               procedure calls are changing too.
30 – October 18, 2011
IMPLEMENTING APPLICATION MIGRATION
        Continued…

        • JDBC client application
            • Connection string changes
        • Database-specific library application
            • Most difficult to migrate. Changing SQL*NET based API calls to CT-lib
               based API calls.
        • C Applications
            • Migrate OCI calls to CT-lib calls.
        • Oracle forms
            • Migrate to PowerBuilder Apps
31 – October 18, 2011
IMPLEMENTING APPLICATION MIGRATION
        Stored Procedures, Functions and Triggers


        In addition to the application layer migration, stored procedures,
        functions and triggers have to be migrated as well.
        There are major differences between Oracle’s PL/SQL and Sybase
        T-SQL implementation that have to be accounted for.
        The most overlooked difference between PL/SQL and T-SQL is
        that PL/SQL checks each SQL statement for errors before
        proceeding to the next statement. T-SQL proceeds regardless of
        errors. This creates a lot of additional coding, which will be
        explained in Session 2.
32 – October 18, 2011
IMPLEMENTING APPLICATION MIGRATION
        Stored Procedures


        PL/SQL vs. T-SQL
        • Stored Procedures
            • Sybase T-SQL stored procedure can return an integer
               value; PL/SQL cannot.
            • PL/SQL contains pseudo data types like SYS_REFCURSOR,
               RECORD or TABLE. Views and temp tables have to be
               used in T-SQL to migrate these data types.

33 – October 18, 2011
IMPLEMENTING APPLICATION MIGRATION
        Functions


        PL/SQL vs. T-SQL
        • Functions
            • Most system PL/SQL functions exist in similar fashion in
               Sybase, but many have a different syntax and require
               rewriting of the SQL statements.
            • Many user defined PL/SQL functions can be migrated to
               T-SQL functions. PL/SQL functions that return an integer
               value can be migrated to a T-SQL stored procedure.
34 – October 18, 2011
IMPLEMENTING APPLICATION MIGRATION
        Triggers

        PL/SQL vs. T-SQL
        • Triggers
            • Oracle maintains BEFORE and AFTER STATEMENT triggers,
               as well as, BEFORE and AFTER ROW triggers.
            • Sybase ASE has only one after trigger, but all the Oracle
               trigger functionalities can be handled with the pseudo
               tables deleted and inserted. Oracle BEFORE STATEMENT
               triggers can be converted into rules or folded into the
               trigger code itself.
35 – October 18, 2011
IMPLEMENTING APPLICATION MIGRATION
        High-level Summary
        • Address the transaction processing method change from ANSI to T-SQL
            • ANSI-SQL transactions start with either a insert, update or delete
               statement. T-SQL uses a begin transaction command to mark a
               transaction start.
            • Convert savepoints into nested transactions.
        • Recreate stored procedures, user defined functions and triggers
            • Use of a 3rd party tool like SwisSQL is highly recommended
        • Check all the SQL used in the application code for SQL language differences
        • Check all the Java bases scripts for specific SQL


36 – October 18, 2011
IMPLEMENTING APPLICATION MIGRATION
        High-level Summary


        • Check for business objectives and requirements met
        • Verify the feed from other systems under load to ensure that system
          availability is unaffected at the time they run
        • Check the security settings for the application set
        • Check the required environment setting for the application
        • Perform integration testing of the Application with third party system
        • Determine the acceptable processing speed


37 – October 18, 2011
IMPLEMENTING OPERATION
                              MIGRATION



38 – October 18, 2011
IMPLEMENTING OPERATION MIGRATION

        Every production application contains a series of operational
        procedures and tasks that keep the application data secure and
        performing at its best.
        Examples of operational tasks are:
        • Backup and restore procedures
        • Transaction log management
        • Index maintenance tasks
        • Data replication

39 – October 18, 2011
VALIDATING THE MIGRATION




40 – October 18, 2011
VALIDATING THE MIGRATION

        Before opening the newly migrated application(s) to production
        use, a thorough migration validation has to be preformed.
        • Check for any system bottlenecks
        • Count the number of objects in both the databases – Oracle
          and Sybase ASE
        • Count the number of rows of each table in both databases
        • Run the application under real world user load to simulate
          potential blocking contentions that could create a
          performance issue with transactions.
41 – October 18, 2011
CONCLUSION




42 – October 18, 2011
MIGRATION PATH

        Full Migration                       3rd Party Software / ERP Migration
        Planning the migration               Planning the migration
        Designing architecture migration
        Implementing schema migration
        Implementing data migration          Implementing data migration
        Implementing application migration
        Implementing operation migration     Implementing operation migration
        Validating the migration             Validating the migration


43 – October 18, 2011
SESSION SUMMARY
        • You cannot control the why, but you have full control over the
          how.
        • Find issues and show stoppers before you begin the migration
          project. This saves time, money and frustration.
        • Create a matrix with all the matching functionalities that can
          be migrated via a search and replace method.
        • Detect performance and blocking issues before going live.
        • Utilize all the tool help you can get.
        • Test, test and test some more.


44 – October 18, 2011
SESSION 2 HIGHLIGHTS
        The next session addresses:
          • Oracle And Sybase ASE Compared
          • Portability Check With Workarounds
          • SQL Language Differences With Sample Code
          • Application Migration Examples
          • Data Migration Example
          • Special Considerations



45 – October 18, 2011
Q&A


                        Thank You.

                        Peter Dobler, Dobler Consulting
                        pdobler@doblerconsulting.com




46 – October 18, 2011

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A Practitioner's Guide to Successfully Migrate from Oracle to Sybase ASE Part 1

  • 1. A PRACTITIONER'S GUIDE TO SUCCESSFULLY MIGRATE FROM ORACLE TO SYBASE ASE – PART 1 PETER DOBLER PRESIDENT DOBLER CONSULTING SEPTEMBER 14TH 2011
  • 2. ABOUT PETER DOBLER • Peter Dobler is an accomplished IT database professional, with 25+ years of experience, who delivers results by building sophisticated data systems; by implementing advanced application software; and, by improving efficiencies and reducing costs. He founded Dobler Consulting, (www.doblerconsulting.com) a Tampa, Florida consulting firm that delivers implementation expertise for Sybase, Oracle and MS SQL Server in 2000. Dobler Consulting is a Sybase System Integration partner and a premier partner for Sybase Professional Services. Peter designed and deployed large scale, high performance, enterprise level DW systems exceeding 40 TB and managed large IT groups of DBAs, System Engineers, Storage Engineering, and Security experts. He is a nationally recognized premier Sybase expert who frequently gets invited to speak at Sybase events. He can be reached at: mailto:pdobler@doblerconsulting.com or 813-322-3240. • Read Peter’s Database Technology Trends Blog (Behind the Scenes of Database Evolution) at: http://www.peterdobler.com, and his Technology Tips Blog (Step-by- step Instructions on Today's Challenging Technology) at http://www.techtipsntrick.com. 2 – October 18, 2011
  • 3. ABOUT THIS PRESENTATION • This session is part 1 of a 2 part session – Overview of the migration process – 7 step migration process walkthrough – Migration path • Session 2 will cover the deep dive into the technical aspects. – Portability Check – Technical Challenges – Sample Code and Workarounds 3 – October 18, 2011
  • 5. MIGRATION MYTHS Typical database migration myths are: • Boardroom decision based on personal preferences -> financials • Too complex -> more work -> financials • No good reason for migration -> resistance -> more work -> financials • Vendor A is better than vendor B -> financials • Bottom-Line: Migration decisions are made by executives, not technologists 5 – October 18, 2011
  • 6. MIGRATION SCOPE DEFINITION It is necessary to understand the underlying differences between Oracle and Sybase ASE. This knowledge will guide you through the migration process and is the foundation for a successful migration. One important fact about comparing Oracle with Sybase ASE is to understand which part of Oracle will be compared with which Sybase product. Unlike Oracle, which integrates all its technology into one system, Sybase opted to separate these tasks with unique and specialized products that communicate well with each other. 6 – October 18, 2011
  • 7. ORACLE AND SYBASE COMPARED Oracle Sybase Oracle Database Server Sybase ASE Oracle OLAP and DW Sybase IQ Oracle Analytics Sybase IQ Oracle RAC Sybase ASE Cluster Edition Oracle Times Ten Sybase ASE 15.5 In-Memory Database Sybase Mirror Activator / Sybase Replication Oracle Data Guard Server Oracle Streams / Golden Gate Sybase Replication Server 7 – October 18, 2011
  • 8. MIGRATION CHECKLIST An Oracle to Sybase migration project should be divided into individual sub-tasks. 1. Planning the migration 2. Designing architecture migration 3. Implementing schema migration 4. Implementing data migration 5. Implementing application migration 6. Implementing operation migration 7. Validating the migration 8 – October 18, 2011
  • 9. PLANNING THE MIGRATION 9 – October 18, 2011
  • 10. PLANNING THE MIGRATION An Oracle to Sybase migration project will contain the same project management components as any other project. • Milestones • WBS • Resource allocations The key to a successful migration is identifying possible show- stoppers before the project starts. 10 – October 18, 2011
  • 11. PLANNING THE MIGRATION Identify Functionalities and Performing a Portability Check • Identify all the Oracle specific functionalities that are being used in the application(s). • Have a migration solution or workaround for every Oracle component in place. • Perform a portability check on the entire environment and all applications. (Session 2 will provide a deep dive) 11 – October 18, 2011
  • 12. PLANNING THE MIGRATION Identifying Incompatibilities • Identify Oracle to Sybase migration incompatibilities. For example: • Object tables (Sybase supports Java object columns) • Pseudo Columns (ROWNUM, Flashback columns) • SQL Syntax (SQL extensions for OLAP, ORACLE SQL Syntax) • SQL*Plus 12 – October 18, 2011
  • 13. PLANNING THE MIGRATION Identifying Possible Show Stoppers • If incompatibilities have been identified, plan for additional time to rewrite the application. • The main goal of the planning stage is to identify possible major code rewrites that increase the cost of the migration itself. • Can lead to deferring the migration project until major application re-design is due. • Can stop the project all-together. 13 – October 18, 2011
  • 14. DESIGNING ARCHITECTURE MIGRATION 14 – October 18, 2011
  • 15. DESIGNING ARCHITECTURE MIGRATION The architecture migration basically includes: • Database definition and creation • Sizing • Security • Options • Mapping of Oracle database elements to the Sybase ASE counterparts. 15 – October 18, 2011
  • 16. DESIGNING ARCHITECTURE MIGRATION Major Differences Between Oracle and Sybase • Major architecture differences between Oracle and Sybase are: • Concurrency and Multi-Versioning • Multi-Process vs. Multi-Thread Architecture • Instance and Database vs. dataserver and databases • Transaction Processing • ANSI SQL vs. T-SQL 16 – October 18, 2011
  • 17. DESIGNING ARCHITECTURE MIGRATION Be Aware • Concurrency and Multi-Versioning • The default transaction isolation level for both Oracle and Sybase ASE is isolation level 1 / Read Committed. • To mimic ANSI transaction handling and Oracle read versioning with the least code re-write, you can use set chained on and isolation level 3. • This creates a bad situation for Sybase ASE. Isolation level 3 in Sybase ASE creates a holdlock for every query, and that creates a cascading blocking effect. 17 – October 18, 2011
  • 18. IMPLEMENTING SCHEMA MIGRATION 18 – October 18, 2011
  • 19. IMPLEMENTING SCHEMA MIGRATION In Oracle, a schema is equivalent to a user login. A schema always has a login, whereas a user login may or may not have a schema. An Oracle schema typically translates directly into a Sybase ASE user database. Pay close attention to synonym definitions, as they can spawn additional requirements in the schema migration. It is very important to completely understand the security and user permission requirements on every schema. The security dependencies will guide the Sybase ASE user database design. 19 – October 18, 2011
  • 20. IMPLEMENTING SCHEMA MIGRATION Data Types Limits • The main focus on a schema migration is on data type conversions. For most Oracle data types, there is a Sybase ASE equivalent, with some minor exceptions: • CLOB and BLOB exceed the Sybase ASE max. allocation for TEXT and IMAGE • CHAR, VARCHAR2 and RAW exceed Sybase ASE maximum in a 2k page configuration. • VARCHAR2 exceeds Sybase ASE maximum in a 4k page configuration. 20 – October 18, 2011
  • 21. IMPLEMENTING SCHEMA MIGRATION High-level Tasks • Reverse engineering of all schemas • Always use the data dictionary stored in the production database. • Use PowerDesigner to reverse engineer schemas and convert data types • Plan the object placement • Create the new index strategy • Migrate schema security and rules 21 – October 18, 2011
  • 22. IMPLEMENTING DATA MIGRATION 22 – October 18, 2011
  • 23. IMPLEMENTING DATA MIGRATION The data migration task can be broken up into the following three subtasks: 1. Planning: It is important to understand the various options available for migrating the data, particularly the advantages and limitations of each of the options. This subtask involves evaluating the characteristics of the source data, and evaluating environmental and business constraints. 2. Execution: This subtask involves transferring the data using the Sybase data migration tool, migrating the Oracle database objects to Sybase database objects. 3. Validation: This subtask accounts for all the data validation and verifies data integrity. 23 – October 18, 2011
  • 24. IMPLEMENTING DATA MIGRATION Planning • The method of data migration is largely dependent on the size of the database, and down time granted for the data transfer. • Low volume and/or long down times allow for flat file exports and bcp imports. • High volume systems and/or short downtime requirements should use Sybase Replication Server for the data movement. 24 – October 18, 2011
  • 25. IMPLEMENTING DATA MIGRATION Execution • Oracle does not provide a tool for flat file export. Custom stored procedures need to be created or a 3rd party tool like FACT has to be used. • Enterprise Connect Data Access (ECDA) allows for data transfer via proxy tables and by-passes flat files. • Sybase Replication Server allows for up to last minute transaction synchronization with the shortest down time. 25 – October 18, 2011
  • 26. IMPLEMENTING DATA MIGRATION Execution • Alternatively Oracle tools, Oracle Streams or Golden Gate, for example, can be used for the data transfer as well. • For large datasets it is highly recommended to use some form of data replication. But only Sybase Replication Server provides the Data Assurance option that allows the validation of source and target data. This will eliminate the need to write custom code to compare source and target database. 26 – October 18, 2011
  • 27. IMPLEMENTING DATA MIGRATION Validation • Before allowing access to a production system after a migration, careful data validation steps have to be implemented. • Create custom scripts to compare the source database with the target database. • Or, utilize the Sybase Replication Server Data Assurance feature. 27 – October 18, 2011
  • 28. IMPLEMENTING DATA MIGRATION With Full Data Load, Check for Bottlenecks and Prepare System • Check the tuning of the database and memory usage settings applied • Check for sufficient disk space for the expected size of the database 12 months ahead. • Check for sufficient size of the tempdb database for handling temporary working storage, sort activity and for temporary user tables. • Check for sufficient size of transaction log of the user database created. • Prepare database monitoring activities • Document database and server configuration settings 28 – October 18, 2011
  • 29. IMPLEMENTING APPLICATION MIGRATION 29 – October 18, 2011
  • 30. IMPLEMENTING APPLICATION MIGRATION The application migration task is by far the largest and time consuming part of the entire migration project. The task can be divided into several application parts: • Embedded SQL application • C or COBOL pre-compilers are doing 99% of the migration. Only the SQL has to be checked for compatibility. • ODBC client application • The connection string changes, and possible stored procedure calls are changing too. 30 – October 18, 2011
  • 31. IMPLEMENTING APPLICATION MIGRATION Continued… • JDBC client application • Connection string changes • Database-specific library application • Most difficult to migrate. Changing SQL*NET based API calls to CT-lib based API calls. • C Applications • Migrate OCI calls to CT-lib calls. • Oracle forms • Migrate to PowerBuilder Apps 31 – October 18, 2011
  • 32. IMPLEMENTING APPLICATION MIGRATION Stored Procedures, Functions and Triggers In addition to the application layer migration, stored procedures, functions and triggers have to be migrated as well. There are major differences between Oracle’s PL/SQL and Sybase T-SQL implementation that have to be accounted for. The most overlooked difference between PL/SQL and T-SQL is that PL/SQL checks each SQL statement for errors before proceeding to the next statement. T-SQL proceeds regardless of errors. This creates a lot of additional coding, which will be explained in Session 2. 32 – October 18, 2011
  • 33. IMPLEMENTING APPLICATION MIGRATION Stored Procedures PL/SQL vs. T-SQL • Stored Procedures • Sybase T-SQL stored procedure can return an integer value; PL/SQL cannot. • PL/SQL contains pseudo data types like SYS_REFCURSOR, RECORD or TABLE. Views and temp tables have to be used in T-SQL to migrate these data types. 33 – October 18, 2011
  • 34. IMPLEMENTING APPLICATION MIGRATION Functions PL/SQL vs. T-SQL • Functions • Most system PL/SQL functions exist in similar fashion in Sybase, but many have a different syntax and require rewriting of the SQL statements. • Many user defined PL/SQL functions can be migrated to T-SQL functions. PL/SQL functions that return an integer value can be migrated to a T-SQL stored procedure. 34 – October 18, 2011
  • 35. IMPLEMENTING APPLICATION MIGRATION Triggers PL/SQL vs. T-SQL • Triggers • Oracle maintains BEFORE and AFTER STATEMENT triggers, as well as, BEFORE and AFTER ROW triggers. • Sybase ASE has only one after trigger, but all the Oracle trigger functionalities can be handled with the pseudo tables deleted and inserted. Oracle BEFORE STATEMENT triggers can be converted into rules or folded into the trigger code itself. 35 – October 18, 2011
  • 36. IMPLEMENTING APPLICATION MIGRATION High-level Summary • Address the transaction processing method change from ANSI to T-SQL • ANSI-SQL transactions start with either a insert, update or delete statement. T-SQL uses a begin transaction command to mark a transaction start. • Convert savepoints into nested transactions. • Recreate stored procedures, user defined functions and triggers • Use of a 3rd party tool like SwisSQL is highly recommended • Check all the SQL used in the application code for SQL language differences • Check all the Java bases scripts for specific SQL 36 – October 18, 2011
  • 37. IMPLEMENTING APPLICATION MIGRATION High-level Summary • Check for business objectives and requirements met • Verify the feed from other systems under load to ensure that system availability is unaffected at the time they run • Check the security settings for the application set • Check the required environment setting for the application • Perform integration testing of the Application with third party system • Determine the acceptable processing speed 37 – October 18, 2011
  • 38. IMPLEMENTING OPERATION MIGRATION 38 – October 18, 2011
  • 39. IMPLEMENTING OPERATION MIGRATION Every production application contains a series of operational procedures and tasks that keep the application data secure and performing at its best. Examples of operational tasks are: • Backup and restore procedures • Transaction log management • Index maintenance tasks • Data replication 39 – October 18, 2011
  • 40. VALIDATING THE MIGRATION 40 – October 18, 2011
  • 41. VALIDATING THE MIGRATION Before opening the newly migrated application(s) to production use, a thorough migration validation has to be preformed. • Check for any system bottlenecks • Count the number of objects in both the databases – Oracle and Sybase ASE • Count the number of rows of each table in both databases • Run the application under real world user load to simulate potential blocking contentions that could create a performance issue with transactions. 41 – October 18, 2011
  • 43. MIGRATION PATH Full Migration 3rd Party Software / ERP Migration Planning the migration Planning the migration Designing architecture migration Implementing schema migration Implementing data migration Implementing data migration Implementing application migration Implementing operation migration Implementing operation migration Validating the migration Validating the migration 43 – October 18, 2011
  • 44. SESSION SUMMARY • You cannot control the why, but you have full control over the how. • Find issues and show stoppers before you begin the migration project. This saves time, money and frustration. • Create a matrix with all the matching functionalities that can be migrated via a search and replace method. • Detect performance and blocking issues before going live. • Utilize all the tool help you can get. • Test, test and test some more. 44 – October 18, 2011
  • 45. SESSION 2 HIGHLIGHTS The next session addresses: • Oracle And Sybase ASE Compared • Portability Check With Workarounds • SQL Language Differences With Sample Code • Application Migration Examples • Data Migration Example • Special Considerations 45 – October 18, 2011
  • 46. Q&A Thank You. Peter Dobler, Dobler Consulting pdobler@doblerconsulting.com 46 – October 18, 2011