This document summarizes key points about the One Laptop per Child (OLPC) Foundation's efforts to provide low-cost laptops to children in developing countries and bridge the digital divide. It discusses: 1) OLPC's work deploying over 2.4 million laptops to children in 40 countries to provide constructionist learning opportunities. 2) Plans for the "One Laptop per Pacific Child" initiative to provide 700,000 laptops across 22 Pacific island nations to help achieve education goals. 3) Lessons learned from pilot programs indicating OLPC can help countries make progress on education access, quality and equity when implemented effectively.

1. Aid Effectiveness and
ICT for Development
in the Pacific
Bridging the Digital Divide in Aid Delivery
Michael Hutak,
Regional Director, Oceania
One Laptop per Child Foundation
Asia‐Pacific Regional Forum on ICT Applications
18‐21 May 2011, UNCC, Bangkok, Thailand

2. “As the world grows smaller,
our common humanity
will reveal itself.
Pres. Barack Obama,
Inauguration Speech, 2009

3. Benefits of Investment in Education
• Increases national and lifetime
individual earnings and
productive output
• Less crime, slower population
growth, reduced poverty,
a cleaner environment
• Positive relationships between
education and:
Health
health of family members
schooling of one’s children
life choices made
fertility choices
infant mortality AFGHANISTAN
SOURCE: OECD

4. Benefits of Investment in ICT for Education
• builds income‐generating skills
• realises productive potential
• stimulates economic development
(esp. Infrastructure – power, communications , internet)
• fosters the digital economy, e‐governance, transparency
• ensures future long‐term competitiveness
in an interconnected, globalised world
• SOURCE: OECD

5. One Laptop per Child • Global non‐profit organisation
• MIT Media Lab
• First project in Senegal in 1982
• XO laptop launched at WEF in 2006.
• First deployment Feb ‘07
• Mass production Nov ’07
• 2.4m laptops to children & teachers
• Projects in 40 countries
in 19 languages

6. OLPC Foundation
One Laptop per Child • 1‐to‐1 computing
• constructionist learning approach
• bridging digital divide
• champion for children and joyful
learning
OLPC Association
• develops and manufactures the XO
• manages supply chain
• works w/ Govts, MOEs and partners
on deployment

7. 2.4m kids, 40 countries, 19 languages

8. URUGUAY
400,000 XOs
• 100% saturation
• 2nd (and largest)
country in the world
to achieve OLPC*
• Increased 1st grade registration
levels
• Lower instance of school
violence
• Decreased number of children
sans papiers
• Societal transformation project

9. PERU
800,000 XOs
in primary and
secondary
schools
•Challenging geography with
cultural diversity
• Remote small communities
with no access to electricity

10. RWANDA
120,000 XOs
• Established in 2009 the OLPC
Regional Learning Center
• 'Feed the mind, feed the body' –
partnership with OLPC and
World Food Program to distribute
food and laptops

11. OLPC global private partners

12. OLPC global public partners

13. “An education project,
not a laptop project…
…children are our mission, not our market.”

14. The XO laptop
• Connected, rugged,
low-cost, low-powered,
Indoor/Outdoor screen
readable in sunlight
• E-book reader
• Loaded with content and
software to foster joyful, self-empowered learning
• Created expressly for the world's poorest children,
living in its most remote environments;
• Suitable for all children, with utility for all families, for
all communities

15. The XO 1.5
Rugged, no moving parts, VIA processor, provides 2x
the speed, 4x DRAM memory and 4x FLASH memory.
Runs both the Linux and Windows OS.
• VIA C7-M 1GHz Ultra Low Voltage Processor
• 1GB DDR2
• 2GB/4GB/8GB NAND Flash Storage
• Compressed JFFS2 file system: ~1GB
• Integrated Wireless
• Audio and Video Support
• USB 2.0 Ports (3)
• SD Card slot
• US$209 unit cost
• US$250 TCO
• available Feb. 2010
SIERRA LEONE

16. XO ships with >100 approved applications
19 address literacy
22 address numeracy.
• Documents
• Chat, mail and talk
• Media creation (music,
images, video, audio)
• Programming
• Maths & Science
• Maps & Geography
• Media players
• Games
• Teacher tools
• Collections
Dual boot: Sugar (Linux) and WindowsXP PALESTINE OT

17. • Children lack opportunity not capability
• Learning to learn; learning by doing
• Inquiry beyond school, school hours
• Reaching the poorest, most isolated kids
• Using ICT to learn, not learning to use ICT!
a child‐centred
approach
SOLOMON ISLANDS

18. Five core principles
1. child ownership*
2. low ages
3. saturation
4. connection
5. free & open source
* In the Pacific,
child is custodian
SOLOMON ISLANDS

19. 2
Source: Plan Ceibal – Uruguay deployment 2009; 400,000 students received laptops and took part in survey.

20. 3
Extending the time for learning
Source: Peru deployment of 500,000 laptops to children in Peru; 80% of students included in survey results.

21. Educational impact
PERU
Afghanistan:
across six schools, an
average improvement of
21.33% in standard test
results after just
2 months classroom use.
Evaluations to date*:
• Haiti
• Uruguay
• Nepal
• Solomon Islands
• Ethiopia
• Australia
• MTC
* Evaluations of One Laptop per Child,
OLPC Learning Group, 2010

22. SIG Evaluation: Recommendations
1. more teacher training
2. more guidance for parents
and communities
3. adapt curriculum for
digital delivery
4. train local community in
tech support
5. address power solutions
6. provide peripherals:
printers, ‘mice’, servers
7. close involvement MOE
8. sufficient laptops for new
enrolments
9. install M&E at outset;
establish baseline data

23. Pacific education & development
• World’s largest ocean –pole to pole • approx. 25,000 islands
• 32% of Earth's total surface area • c. 1.7m children aged 6‐12
• > Earth's land area combined. • 40% 6‐12yos attend no school
• Challenges from poverty, climate change, • Church sector has more skills and capacity
globalization, disasters, rapid population • Movement to preserve indigenous
growth and urbanization languages

24. Pacific dev partners
Australia SPC, PIFS
New Zealand ITU
Japan ADB
China UNESCO
Taiwan World Bank
USA UNDP
European Union UNICEF
Corporates, HNW

25. One Laptop per Pacific Child
Regional Partnership
provide every child
with a rugged, low‐cost,
low‐powered, connected
laptop, loaded with content
and software for collaborative,
self‐empowered learning
Target: 700,000 kids
in Basic Education in
22 Pacific island nations.
SOLOMON ISLANDS

26. OLPC requested by the governments of:
• Fiji • Samoa*
• FSM* • Solomon Is.*
• Nauru* • Tokelau
• Niue* • Tonga*
• Palau • Tuvalu*
• PNG* • Vanuatu *
• RMI • Fr. Polynesia
• Cook Is.* • Kiribati
• New Caledonia * = active projects
Funds expended – US$2.5 million:
• OLPC donates 5000 laptops to Pacific worth US$2m
• OLPC and SPC assign resources worth US$500k.

27. >6000 XOs in 41 schools in 10 Pacific countries.
Funds expended – US$2.5 million:
OLPC donates 5000 laptops to Pacific worth US$2m
OLPC and SPC assign resources worth US$500k.

28. Pacific Education Development
Framework (2009‐15)
“Preliminary results from
OLPC trials show Pacific
countries can make a
quantum leap forward in
realising goals of access,
quality and equity in education…”
SOLOMON ISLANDS

29. OLPC Global policy touchstones
1990 – Convention on the Rights of the Child
2000 – Dakar Framework on Education for All
2000 – Millennium Development Goals
• MDG 1 – poverty and hunger
• MDG 2 – universal primary education
• MDG 3 – gender equality
• MDG8f – “In cooperation with the private sector,
make available the benefits of new technologies,
especially information and communications.”
2005 – Tunis Commitment to bridge the digital divide,
WSIS

30. OLPC Pacific policy touchstones
2007 – The Pacific Plan, Pacific Islands
Forum
2007 – Pacific Regional Digital Strategy,
Pacific Islands Forum
2009 – Pacific ICT Ministerial Forum
Communique
2010 – Pacific Education Development
Framework
2010 – Framework for Action on ICT for
Development in the Pacific

31. One Laptop per Pacific Child
• Focus on partnership
• Empowerment of communities
• Country‐led national programmes
• Regional coord & tech assistance
• Country‐to‐country exchange
• Collaborative, inclusive approach
NIUE

32. SOLOMON ISLANDS
OLPC Oceania
• a coalition of global, regional, national, local and individual actors
• governments, donors, civil society, educators, academics and volunteers
• TA to countries to establish 1‐to1 computing as a sustainable reality.

33. ‘Every PACRICS site
is an OLPC hub’
• Small 1.8m satellite
dishes and ‘network‐
in‐a‐box’ server
allows Internet
connectivity, WiFi
networking
• SPC’s Rural Internet
Connectivity System
(PACRICS)
programme is highly
complementary with
OLPC.
SOLOMON ISLANDS

34. Pilot Phase: lessons learned
• OLPC adds value for children, communities,
countries
• aligns with Pacific goals and plans, inc. the MDGs
• High country‐level demand in the Pacific
• Strong support at both political and community
• Small pilots provide an insufficient evidence base
• M&E integrated at the outset
• Broader‐based TA needed to build country capacity
PAPUA NEW GUINEA

35. Pacific deployment strategy supports sustainability
A Develop Community Awareness
•Educate population on program benefits and XO functionality
•Develop social inclusion campaigns to achieve local support
•Launch training programs to promote XO usage, including teachers
B Customize XO platform to address local needs
•Meet with officials from the minister of education to align on curriculum requirements
•Develop customized applications
•Digitize textbooks, perform translations
C Train the core team
•Government to select 'Core Team' for execution of local program (IT expertise, etc)
•Train core team in all learning and technical elements of the product and program
•Train a set of local trainers who will be sent throughout the country
D
Develop infrastructure
•Provide advisory/ support for government in development of infrastructure (Electrical, IT, network mgmt)
•Local capacity building (inventory management, logistics, distribution, maintenance, financial tracking)
•Development of Internet access and connectivity infrastructure
E
Monitoring & Evaluation
•Initial field assessment baseline study
•Monitor initial program roll out; evaluate social, academic impacts annually

36. Coord Model: National Core Team
Cross‐cutting “whole of government” approach
• Cabinet sub‐committee, led at Ministerial level
• Reports to National Planning Committee
• Workplan developed at Dept Secretary level
• Five core sub‐teams...
Pedagogy Team
Political Team
Logistics Team
Planning Team
Technical Team
Prime Minister Min. Treasury & Min. Education Min. Public Min. National
Finance Services Planning and Rural
Min. National Development
Min. Foreign • teacher training
Affairs Planning & Rural Min. Info and
• content, • Supply chain
Development Communications
Cabinet Min. Community curricula • shipping,
Development • localisation distribution,
• monitoring & • security, • Deployment
• National
• planning and evaluation • repairs, • Infrastructure
leadership
project maintenance • Power
• Strategy, Policy
management • Sweat Equity • Communications
and Partnerships
• Donor Relations • identifies • Connectivity
schools and
sequence of
roll‐out

37. Better quality, value‐adding
• Catalytic effect on governments to deliver better quality education
• (by) creating community demand for better quality
• (while) mobilising resources and partnerships to meet demand
• adds value for children, countries, communities and donors
COOK ISLANDS

38. OLPC in Asia
• Afghanistan (4k)
• Cambodia (1k)
• China (1k)
• Indonesia (550)
• Philippines (200)
• Armenia (3.5k)
• India (800)
• Sri Lanka – WB (3.6k)
• Malaysia (100)
• Mongolia (14.5k)
• Nepal – WFP (6k)
• Pakistan (500)
• Philippines (100)
• Thailand (500)
• Kyrgystan (>100)
• Kazakhstan (10k)
SICHUAN, CHINA

39. Painting created on the XO by child from Gaire, Papua New Guinea, 2008.

40. Thank you.
www.laptop.org