3. @ Beicip-Franlab
Introduction
Problematic & Importance of Fractured Reservoirs
4. Introduction: importance of fractured reservoirs
of carbonate reservoirs are fractured
of oil is reserved in fractured reservoirs
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5. Evidence of a Fractured Reservoir
Well test signature show double
porosity / flow barrier
Core permeability different from
well test permeability
Heterogeneous distribution of well
productivity / injectivity
Difficult history match with
conventional models
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Early water/gas breakthrough
7. Fractured Reservoirs Challenges
Various structural objects: heterogeneity
joints – corridors – faults
Various scales:
well – cell size – reservoir scale
The properties to model are poorly observed
Objectives
Characterize fracture organisation
Locate fractured zone in the reservoir
Generate a fracture model that can be used in flow simulations
@ Beicip-Franlab
8. Different types of Fractures
Fractured reservoir in Morocco Fractured reservoir in Algeria
2m
Joint sets with homogeneous Fracture swarms
fracture density: (corridors/sub-seismic faults):
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diffuse small-scale fracturing discrete large-scale fracturing
Date Presentation Title 8 / 000
10. @ Beicip-Franlab
FracaFlow Workflow
Date Presentation Title 10 / 000
11. General Workflow
Conceptual model DFN model
(Discrete fracture model)
? Locally connected fractures
Lo g-Lo g plot
Regional diffuse fractures
Static & dynamic calibration
HOW TO MODEL
FRACTURED
RESERVOIRS ?
1 2 Fracture Up-scaling
Transient well tests
Core data
Outcrops
Equivalent parameters
(Kfx, Kfy, Kfz, a, b, c, φf)
3
Flowmeter
Seismic attributes
Image Logs
analysis
Mud Losses
Full field simulation
Production data
Drilling reports,
Pressure data,
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Geomechanical
Wireline Logs Tracer tests, etc
analysis
Well data Inter-well data 4
Dynamic analysis
Static analysis
Simulation grid Block
13. Fracture Reservoir Characterization
Dynamic Data Analysis
Mud Loss Analysis
Production Data Analysis
Productivity Index Analysis
Permeability Analysis
Flowmeter Analysis
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14. Fracture Reservoir Characterization
Dynamic Data Analysis
Mud Loss Analysis
Production Data Analysis
Productivity Index Analysis
Permeability Analysis
Flowmeter Analysis
@ Beicip-Franlab
15. Fracture Reservoir Characterization
Dynamic Data Analysis
Mud Loss Analysis
Production Data Analysis
Productivity Index Analysis
Permeability Analysis
Flowmeter Analysis
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16. Fracture Reservoir Characterization
Dynamic Data Analysis
Mud Loss Analysis
Production Data Analysis
Productivity Index Analysis
Permeability Analysis
Flowmeter Analysis
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23. Fracture Network Characterization
Fractures cluster in a Well
All Wells Analyses Example Orientation: N030, dip80°E
Fracture types and density:
• Diffuse fractures
• Cluster of fractures
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Per Well Analyses
24. @ Beicip-Franlab
Fracture Network Modeling
Build the fracture network consistant with your conceptual model
Date Presentation Title 24 / 000
34. Model Calibration
Assisted KH Matching Flowmeter Simulation
Assisted DFN Simplification Well Test Simulation
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35. Model Calibration
[psia]
[Mscf/D]
Log-Log plot History plot
Integration of dynamic data to attempt for calibration of the DFN
• Well test signature for pressure buildup
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• Flowmeter for the permeability/conductivity of the fractures
38. Upscalling at Reservoir Grid Scale (1)
Exemple of fracture equiv.
Permeability in An Area
From DFN to Grid:
• Upscalling creates a grid of
fracture attributes:
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Permeability, porosity, etc…
for the Reservoir Simulation
40. Summary
Openness to other applications
Accurate and realistic geological model with high level of
confidence
Fracture Data Analysis involving static and dynamic data,
give their characteristic and the relation between them
Fracture modeling give better geometry, characteristic and
fluid behavior fractured reservoir model
Dynamic Calibration adjusting characteristic and fractured
reservoir model
@ Beicip-Franlab