The death of 17-month old Peter Connelly (known as Baby P) in 2007 highlighted major failings in the child protection system in the UK. Baby P suffered over 50 injuries in the 8 months prior to his death from abuse by his mother and her boyfriend, despite being known to social services, health professionals, and police. Two serious case reviews found that his death could have been prevented if these authorities had properly investigated concerns and protected him from harm. The case revealed issues with information sharing between agencies and a lack of thoroughness in investigating risks to the child. It led to reforms aimed at improving child safeguarding practices.

1. Serious Case Review Essay
Unit 502 Serious Case Review Andy Ellis A Serious Case Review was set out by 'Working Together'
2006 stating: 'When a child dies, and abuse or neglect is known or suspected to be a factor in the
death.... Organisations should consider whether there are any lessons to be learnt about the ways in
which they work together to safeguard and promote the welfare of children' (DfES 2006: 8.2 p169)
In such circumstances or: * 'Where a child sustains a potentially life threatening injury or serious
and permanent impairment of health and development through abuse and neglect' * 'When a child
has been subjected to particularly serious sexual abuse' * 'When a child has been murdered and a
homicide review is being initiated' * When ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
She was known to the police, social services of four local authorities, NHS, NSPCC and local
churches, all of whom failed to properly investigate her case. On the 24th February 2000, Victoria
was taken semi–conscious and suffering from; hypothermia, multiple organ failure and malnutrition,
to a local church. The taxi driver that collected them from the church was so horrified at her
condition, that he took them straight to A and E. Victoria died the following day. As a result Kouao
and Manning were given life sentences, and a public enquiry was ordered and headed by Lord
Laming. The subsequent report is known as the Laming Report. The death of Victoria Climbie was
largely responsible for the introduction of 'Every Child Matters', Children's Act 2004, the creation of
Contact Point project, and the creation of a Childrens Commissioner for England. Laming Report:
The Laming report commenced in May 2001 and was split into two phases. Phase one, investigated
the involvement of people and agencies in Victoria's death, in the form of hearings. Two hundred
and seventy witnesses were called between September 2001 and July 2002 which had been extended
due to late submission of documents. Phase two, took the form of five seminars, which looked at the
child protection system as a whole, and involved experts in all aspects of child protection. The 400
page Laming report was published on the 28th January
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3. Serious Case Reviews in Childcare Sector
Unit 25 Understand how to Safeguard the Wellbeing of Children and Young People
Outcome 1.4
Explain when and why inquiries and serious case reviews are required and how the sharing of the
findings informs practice.
Serious Case Reviews (SCR's) are undertaken when a child dies (including death by suspected
suicide), by a local authority (and more often than not by the Local Children's Safeguarding Board)
if abuse or neglect is known or suspected to be a factor in the death. SCR's are not enquiries into
how a child died or who was responsible; that is a matter for the Coroner's and Criminal Courts to
determine. Instead the purpose of Serious Case Reviews is to:
Establish whether there are lessons to be learned from the case ... Show more content on
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The inquiry, chaired by Lord Laming, found massive failings on the part of as many as twelve
agencies with a role to play in protecting children. The findings led to recommendations for a radical
reform of services, particularly in the areas of better joined up working and information sharing.
Following this, several programmes and frameworks were later implemented into all establishments
that worked with children, and these included "Every Child Matters" services, planned around
children's and young people's needs and the improvement of the five key outcomes which contribute
to their well–being: be healthy, stay safe, enjoy & achieve, make a positive contribution and achieve
economic well–being. There was also the implementation of the Common Assessment Framework
(CAF) system which enables multi agencies to access and add information about a child's needs.
The CAF is used at the earliest opportunity when it is highlighted that a baby, child or young person
may need help in their lives in order to progress. It is used when there is concern about a child, or
agencies have recognised a child has additional needs, that require further exploration and a multi–
agency response. The assessment provides further information and understanding of the child's
circumstances.
Another more recently publicised incident, included the review into "Little Teds" nursery whereby a
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5. Urban Real Estate Economics And Juxtaposes Them With...
THEORETICAL BACKGROUND
This paper discusses and analyses modern theories of urban real estate economics and juxtaposes
them with traditional theories. In earlier times, city life used to revolve around a central business
district (CBD) which was the nerve centre of all economic, social and cultural activity. As a result,
real estate prices reflected the proximity of the site to the CBD and they dropped the further one
went from it. The dichotomy is often expressed through architecture, with high–rise apartment
buildings in the city and low–rise developments further out. Alonso, 1964; Mills, 1972 and Muth,
1969 mulled on this model of cities and viewed real estate economic data and ran studies through
the lens of a monocentric urban ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is based on the law of diminishing returns – that over time, produce from a certain land parcel will
decline in quantity and quality, yielding lower and lower profits, while at the same time, pressure on
the land in the form of population will always rise. As it is the amount paid by the lessee for the
indestructible powers of the land, different parcels with different fertility capacities will command
different rents. As the amount of land is finite, the cost of production will also keep rising. Applying
this theory to urban real estate, a monocentric city would have finite space for development due to
which costs of construction will rise, passing on the burden to the buyer.
Von Thunen, on the other hand, concerned himself with location and transportation costs in addition
to fertility as factors determining price. He attributed differential rents to distances between places
with desirable qualities and the costs of transporting oneself between them. At its most basic, the
theory stands for the hypothesis that without the need for proximity and the price (rent) charged for
it, land would be an almost free good.
For two residential locations to have near identical prices, not only must they be located close to
each other, but they must also provide the same level of utility to residents. This is because the
decisions of location
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7. Using a Particular Service User Group Critically Analyse...
The 2011 London riots had many implications for society especially for young people; this essay
seeks to analytically and critically discuss young offenders involved, using social exclusion and
social justice as the main focus. This piece of work will briefly look at the historical context of
social exclusion and social justice to create a platform, it will then move on to theoretical principles
which offer an understanding of social exclusion and social justice. The implications of social
exclusion and social justice for the young offenders involved in the 2011 London riots, such as an
increased number of young people out of education, increase in youth unemployment and increase
in the number of benefit recipients and the demand on the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Social exclusion has made major influence on politics from the late 1990s (Stephenson 2007).
Secrétaire d'Etat a l'Action sociale of the French government, René Lenoir is said to have used the
term 'social exclusion' in publications over twenty five years ago. Since then has had a major impact
on explanations of individuals who feel separated from society especially through poverty and
deprivation (Sen, 2000). Silver (1995) also suggests that individuals who feel socially excluded may
be lacking of basic needs of 'livelihood' and but not limited to, participating in democratic agendas.
The term Social Justice can be traced back to the twentieth century where the pursuit began by
individuals, communities and societies, some argue that perhaps the fight for social justice maybe
ending (Miller, 1999). Robert Merton's work had major influence on the school of functionalism,
especially in America during the 1940s and 1950s especially as functionalism was mainly concerned
with social order (Tierney, 1996). Merton's focus was crime and deviance even though he was not a
criminologist; his ideas were first published in 1993 in an article titled 'Social structure and anomie'
which illustrated his connection to Durkheim. A book called 'Social theory and social structure' was
later published which discussed strain theory, the first attempt to answer the prominent question of
how society impacts individuals to act in a deviant / criminal manner.
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9. Social Policy
According to Walsh. M (et al), (2000, pg 2), stated that "the key focus of social policy in the united
kingdom is on social welfare provision. Social policy is essential concerned with the practice and
study of state, or government, social welfare provision, and the healthcare and welfare systems."
This assignment will look at how social policy effectively utilises relevant historical perspectives
taking in account the reform of services to the children and families from 1601 The Poor Laws. In
particular it will discuss the impact of the changes made in legislations on children, families and the
early year's sector, which will include the green paper Every Child Matters. The assignment will
also link to the current legislations in place ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These new Local Education Authorities (LEA's) were given control to establish new secondary and
technical schools as well as developing the existing system of elementary schools. By 1906 free
school meals were provided. Margaret McMillan was the members of the schools board she
introduced free school meals. McMillan argued that if the state insists on compulsory education, it
must take responsibility for the proper nourishment of school children. In 1907 School Medical
Service were set up like the school nurses. In the early nineties The Children Act 1908, also known
as Children and Young Persons Act, was a piece of government legislation passed by the Liberal
government, as part of the British Liberal Party's liberal reforms package. The Act was informally
known as the Children's Charter. It established juvenile courts and introduced the registration of
foster parents. Local authorities were also influence by keeping poor children out of the workhouse
and protecting them from abuse. The act also prevented children working in dangerous trades and
prevented them from purchasing cigarettes and entering pubs. It eventually led to many councils
setting up social services. It also rose the minimum age for leaving age of 16, later raised to 18 with
the Children and Young Persons Act 1933. In 1908 the British Parliament passed the Old
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11. Research Safeguarding Case Studies and the Outcomes Essay
"Research safeguarding case studies and the outcomes."
Baby P.
Baby P was a 17 month–old boy who died in 2007 after suffering a series of injuries. He suffered
from over 50 injuries within a period of 8 months. In December 2006 a GP noticed bruising on
Peter's hands and chest. Baby P's mother, Tracey Connelly, was arrested and the care of Baby Peter
was handed over to a family friend, however Baby P returned to his mother in January 2007. Within
a period of a few months Baby P was admitted to hospital on two occasions with injuries including
bruising, scratches and swelling on the side of his head.
In June 2007 a social worker observed marks on peter and informed the police. A medical
examination concluded that these injuries were due ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Rights at work.
Your rights at work will depend on:– * Your statutory rights * Your contract of employment.
Your contract of employment cannot take away rights you have by law. E.g. if your contract states
that you are only entitled to two weeks paid holiday per year when, by law, all full–time employees
are entitled to 28 days paid holiday a year then this part of your contract is void and does not apply..
However if your contract gives your greater rights than the law does, (6 weeks paid holiday per
year) then your contract applies. Statutory Rights.
Statutory rights are legal rights based on laws passed by parliament. Nearly all workers, regardless
of the number of hours per week they work, have certain legal rights. There are some workers who
are not entitled to certain statutory rights.
Sometimes an employee only gains a right when they have been employed their their employer for a
certain length of time. Unless you are in the group of workers who are excluded you will have the
following statutory rights:– * The right to a written statement of terms of employment within two
months of starting work. * The right to an itemised pay slip. * The right to be paid at least the
national minimum wage. * The right to not have illegal deductions made from pay. * The right to
paid holiday. Full–time employees are entitled to 28 days a year minimum, Part–time employees are
entitled to a pro rata amount. * The right to time off for
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13. E-Counting
Counting the votes On 4th May 2012, the day after polling day, the counting of votes cast in the
Mayor of London and the London Assembly elections will begin. This process will take place in
three count centres across London: Alexandra Palace, ExCeL, and Olympia. Count centre
Constituency Barnet & Camden Brent & Harrow Alexandra Palace Enfield & Haringey North East
(Hackney, Islington, and Waltham Forest) ExCeL Olympia Bexley & Bromley City & East
(Newham, Barking & Dagenham, Tower Hamlets, and City of London) Greenwich & Lewisham
Havering & Redbridge Lambeth & Southwark Croydon & Sutton Ealing & Hillingdon Merton &
Wandsworth South West (Hounslow, Richmond upon Thames, and Kingston upon Thames) West
Central (Hammersmith & Fulham, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They will check various security features to ensure the ballot paper is genuine, count the number of
ballot papers being fed through and record how each vote has been cast. If the counting machine
cannot read a valid vote on a ballot paper, it will store the image as a 'doubtful ballot paper'. All
doubtful ballot papers will be referred to adjudication on screen by the Returning Officer's staff. If
the counting machine rejects the ballot paper altogether, e.g. because it is too badly damaged, it will
be placed in a separate folder by the scanner operator for the Returning Officer's staff to input it into
the system. The third stage: verification Count centre staff check that the number of ballot papers
scanned in each batch matches the number of ballot papers cast at the polling station. This process is
known as 'verification', and helps ensure the integrity of the election. If there are any variances, the
batch is placed on hold for a senior member of staff to investigate the discrepancy. A batch can be
re–scanned if necessary. Re–scanning does not double count the votes – only the latest image of a
ballot paper that has been scanned will be stored on the system. The fourth stage: adjudication To
ensure transparency, double screens will be set up in every count centre so candidates, agents and
observers can see the decisions being taken by count centre staff on doubtful ballot papers as they
come up on screen. At this stage, a member of staff can decide if votes are
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15. Death of Baby P Essay examples
Death of Baby P
Peter Connelly also known as Baby P was a British 17–months old boy who died in London in
August 2007 after suffering more than 50 injuries over the eight–months period, during which he
was repeatedly seen by Haringey Children's Services, NHS Health Professionals and the Police; all
who committed a catalogue of errors which led to the Death of Baby P at the hand of his mother and
her sadistic boyfriend (Mr H Baker).
According to the two Serious Case Review (SCR) released by the coalition and then Children
Health Secretary Ed ball, which found the youngster's 'horrifying' death 'could and should' have
been prevented by the public workers charged with protecting him.
Baby P's mother (Tracey Connelly) told her social ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They also swallowed Connelly's account of Baker's limited involvement, which showed a lack of
thoroughness of police investigations.
The family G.P accepted Connelly's lies that Baby P's bruised easily when he examined the baby at
six months. In the final days of baby P's life a G.P said he was in a 'sorry state' but did not alert
others, decides she cannot carry out a full check–up as the boy is 'miserable and cranky'. A post–
mortem examination later reveals Peter had probably already suffered a broken back and fracture
ribs by this point.
According to the Mail on Sunday 15 March 2009, reported that details of the Serious Case Review
initiated by Haringey Council had come into its possession. It stated that there were instances of
mishandling by officials, missed and delayed meetings, miscommunication among officials, and a
failure to follow through with decisions related to he child's safety. It also noted among other issues
that officials had not followed through with obtaining an 'interim care order' that would have
removed Peter from his home when they had agreed that legal grounds had existed for doing so six
months before he died; key officials also failed to attend a 25 July 2007 meeting intended to decide
if it would be necessary to remove Peter from his mother's mom at that
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17. How Policies And Procedures Within Own Uk Home Nation...
1.1 Outline current legislation, guidelines, policies and procedures within own UK Home Nation
affecting the safeguarding of children and young people.
This assignment will explain the role of policies and procedures in helping children, young people
and their families.
Policies and procedures are set of guidelines and rules put in place by the government to ensure the
safety of children and young people while they are in care. It is important that anyone working with
children and young people is fully aware of policies and procedures put in place in their setting and
also aware of their role in implementing these policies and procedures. Policies and procedures
definite what an organisation does and how they do it in order to provide a safe environment for
children and young people during their time in care.
Every Child Matters 2003 consider the wellbeing of children and young people from birth to the age
of 19. The law has five principles that provide a safe environment for children and young people
while they are in care. The five outcomes ensure children's and young people's needs are met and
have the support they need to be healthy: to be safe, to enjoy and achieve, make a positive
contribution and achieve economic well–being. The law ensures that every child is mentally,
emotionally and physically fit and obtaining the care that meets their needs. For example, in
children's residential home children will be encourage to eat a healthy balance diet. By providing a
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19. Enquiries And Serious Case Study Essay
Over the past 20 years there has been many high profile cases both with children and with adults
that has resulted in Enquiries and Serious Case Reviews Some of these cases have received heavy
media attention and have shaped quality assurance, policy, regulation and inspection is completed
and conducted.
Cases such as Victoria Climbie on 25th February 2000 there were 12 chances to save the life of this
eight year old girl after months of abuse and neglect it finally overcome this little girl and the torture
she suffered included starvation, cigarette burns, repeated beatings with bike chains and belt buckles
and hammer blows to her toes, she died of 128 injuries.
The case of baby P– Peter Connelly caused shock and concern among the public and in Parliament,
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Under cover BBC documentary programme Panorama had been into the care home disguised as care
workers to secretly film and it was shown on national television which resulted in a national outcry
after the abuse that was being delivered to some of the residents. South Gloucestershire County
Council, CQC along with the management of the privately owned home had ignored and not
seriously acted upon complaints and concerns previous to this.
The home shut down and many members of staff were suspended. The members of staff involved in
the abuse were all punished and some receiving prison sentences after being found guilty of
physical, emotional and verbal abuse. Ever since this case there has been many changes made to
how care homes and residential services are regulated especially through CQC.
The changes that came about from the CQC and how they regulate services as a result of the
Winterbourne view scandal were:
To follow–up on action plans when services aren't meeting national standards.
To build new ways to work with local safeguarding teams.
To develop the way we analyse safeguarding alerts so we can spot trends in
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21. Winterbourne View and Baby P Essay
Winterbourne View and Baby P In reports for both Winterbourne View and Baby P, there are serious
failures from all care providers in ensuring safe and adequate care and safeguarding of the
individuals involved. The serious failures and issues range from a lack of communication and
reporting, to physical and mental abuse (in the case of Winterbourne View), and a lack of training
and acceptance of responsibility in both cases. Winterbourne View: Winterbourne View, a private
residential home caring for those with learning difficulties, challenging behaviour and complex
needs, was closed in June 2011 after a CQC inspection found that the registered care provider,
Castlebeck Care (Teesdale) Ltd had failed to ensure that people living ... Show more content on
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They failed in their responsibilities to provide appropriate training and supervision to staff.
Inspectors said that staff did not appear to understand the needs of the people in their care, adults
with learning disabilities, complex needs and challenging behaviour. People who had no background
in care services had been recruited, references were not always checked and staff were not trained or
supervised properly. Some staff were also too easily ready to use methods of restraint without
considering alternatives. The report concluded that there was a systemic failure to protect people or
to investigate allegations of abuse. The provider had failed in its legal duty to notify the Care
Quality Commission of serious incidents including injuries to patients or occasions when they had
gone missing. Baby P: Peter Connolly was a 17 month old British boy who died in London after
suffering more than 50 injuries over an eight–month period. During the 8 months, he was repeatedly
seen by Haringey Children's services and NHS health professionals. Peter's mother, Tracey
Connelly, her boyfriend, Steven Barker, and Jason Owen (later revealed to be the brother of Barker)
[5] were all convicted of causing or allowing the death of a child. Following the conviction, three
inquiries and a nationwide review of social service care were launched, and the Head of Children's
Services at Haringey removed by
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23. My Report on an Issue/Area of Public Concern Related to...
My report on an issue/area of public concern related to the care profession – The death of Baby P.
The issue/area of concern raised in this report is as to how Peter's death happened in the first place.
Peter Conelly also known as 'Baby P' was born in London, on the 1st March 2006, he sadly died on
the 3rd August 2007 age 17 months. He died after receiving/suffering more than 50 injuries over a
period of 8 months. During this time he was repeatedly seen by Haringey's Children's Services and
its NHS professionals – At the beginning of these 8 months Peter's mother's boyfriend moved into
the home they shared, and this was kept from the police and the social workers. On Dec 11th 2006
Peter was taken to hospital with extensive ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In July, lawyers advice Haringey council social workers that they cannot legally take Peter into care.
Later on in July Ms Ward makes a pre arranged visit to the families' home and manages to miss
injuries as Peter was deliberately covered in chocolate to hide them. Police then hand over further
reports to the CPS, including statements from 2 doctors saying that Peter's bruising was suggestive
of "non accidental" injury, but prosecutors decide that there is not enough evidence to start a case.
On Aug 1st Peter is taken to a child development clinic where the paediatrician decides she cannot
carry out a complete check as Peter was miserable and cranky, and on the 2nd Aug police tell Peter's
mother she will not be prosecuted. Finally on 3rd Aug a 999 call is made at 11.36am. Four minutes
later the paramedics arrive to find Peter lying in a blood spattered cot. He was pronounced dead on
arrival at the hospital. An attempt was made to cover the crime, as Peter's clothes and bedding were
removed and dumped. Baby Peter was failed by police, social workers, doctors and lawyers.
Leading to his death. After his death there was a post mortem where Peter's injuries became
apparent, he had swallowed a tooth after being punched, he had a broken back, broken ribs, and
mutilated fingertips and had fingernails missing. It is believed he already had some of these injuries
when taken to see the paediatrician for his development check, which would explain why he was
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25. 5.2 Summarise the Policies and Procedures Schools May Have...
1. Outline current legislation, guidelines, policies and procedures within own UK Home Nation
affecting the safeguarding of children and young people. Working together to safeguard children
(2006–2010) Children act (2004) Education act(2002) Disability discrimination act (1995) Special
education needs (SEN) couch practice (2000) Data protection information handling and sharing 2.
Explain child protection within the wider concept of safeguarding children and young people. This
is when children are suffering from any form of abuse or neglect. It also involves protecting children
and young people from maltreatment and preventing impairment of a child's health and development
by ensuring ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Over a period of eight months, causing him 60 separate injuries including a broken back and ribs. It
criticised Peter's GP for not raising concerns when he found bruises on the child's head and chest
after apparently falling down stairs. It chastised police for not investigating suspicious injuries,
neither did the social workers and their managers at any time "seriously think" that Peter was being
harmed or was at risk of harm. Peter Lewis, director of children's services at Haringey, said
improvements had been made at the council, with agency social workers accounting for 20% of
staff, down from 45% at the height of the tragedy. He also confirmed more children in the borough
were being taken into care – 620 were now in care, up from 460 18 months ago Alex Sutherland
Alex Sutherland age 13 months was found dead in his pushchair in front of a blazing gas fire his
body charred and burned, he Had been dead for at least three days till he got found. He had faeces
on his hands, legs and buggy, had severe nappy rash and had bruising on his head and body. His
mother, Tracey Sutherland, 39, was later admitted neglect and was jailed for 27 months. Pauline
Newman, the city council's director of Children's Services, said it was clear 'there were areas where
we could have done better' In March 2009 a review by Lord Laming said a higher priority should be
given to child
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