Multimedia Accessibility - CALRG '09
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About a project for social-production of captions (sub-titles) and audio description to improve the accessibility of multimedia. A presentation at the Computers and Learning Research Group (CALRG) 2009 conference, the Institute of Educational Technology, The Open University in May 2009.
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Multimedia Accessibility - CALRG '09
- 1. Multi-media accessibility Are we nearly there yet? Nick Freear, Web Developer Institute of Educational Technology CALRG conference 20 May 2009
- 4. ( Gratuitous logos ) iTunes U
- 10. Media player evaluation - incomplete
- 16. An alternative player in use on YouTube
- 17. Wordle - project keywords
Editor's Notes
- Multi-media accessibility Are we nearly there yet? Nick Freear, Web Developer Institute of Educational Technology CALRG conference 20 May 2009 Freear.org.uk [ Original title: A proposal for the development of software services to improve the accessibility of online video and multimedia for learning. ]
- I have a stammer Ask me to repeat if you miss something. And please ask questions! [ The logo of the British Stammering Association and their web site ] www.stammering.org
- Agenda What is the context for the proposed project? What problems are we trying to solve? How can we fix them? Outline of project proposal Key project principles Some initial evaluations Examples/ demonstrations Round-up & discussion
- ( Gratuitous logos ) [ Some Web sites and services in the multi-media space – YouTube, iTunes U (iPod), Open University - on iTunes U, Vimeo, Viddler, Tube Caption, dot SUB, Sign-Tube, Caption First. ]
- [ QUOTATION ] "Basic web accessibility is a known commodity now... But nearly ten years after specifications first required it, online captioning still pretty much does not exist." Joe Clark, A List Apart , November 2008.
- Definitions Captions USA; also known as "sub-titles" in UK (ambiguous) Text synchronised with video, timed text Should allow styling to indicate speaker - position, colour For deaf/hard of hearing Closed captions "Captioning you have to turn on", broadcast Transcript Text, often without synchronisation Audio description Described video For blind/low vision people
- Doesn't YouTube do captions? Yes, captions and annotations, since August 2008. However: Only the video owner can upload/ author No editor Not portable/ embeddable Captions can not be styled Not open content [ - subject to YouTube terms & conditions]
- What's the state of play? At the Open University: Course media is routinely transcribed (OU/iTunes U 95%) It is not routinely captioned or audio described. W3C Web Content Accessibility Guidelines: WCAG 1.0, 1999 - 1.4: Level A - transcript is sufficient - CHECK/NO. WCAG 2.0, Dec 2008 - Level A seems to require captions, not audio description. Vimler: annotation. Moodle et al: Currently no easy way for developers to integrate captions
- Big principles Accessibility/ usability Data portability/ content as a service/ connections Quality * Open content Software as a service Free (open-source) software Social production/ co-creation/ crowd-sourcing/ community engagement * Perpetual beta, hacking the Web, agile
- Media player evaluation - incomplete [ A table showing 4 players across the top – YouTube player, Easy YouTube, jwPlayer, ccPlayer (Aaron player is missing) AND criteria down the side – Accessible controls, Basic captions, Advanced captions, Audio description, Scriptable, Themable, License, Attractiveness/”Looks”. ccPlayer does well for native Flash controls, and advanced captioning; jwPlayer for audio description; Aaron player for it’s license (Open source), Easy YouTube for Javascript/HTML controls.] This evaluation needs updating.
- dotSUB - transcribing [ A screen shot of video being captioned/ transcribed on the dot SUB.com site, http://dotsub.com ]
- dotSUB "any video any language" [ Advantages ] + Transcription/ translation can be collaborative - Wiki-like + Captions are portable (W3C TT XML, Subrip SRT) + Ajax-based editor or import captions + Powerful search, including in RSS + Rich meta-data, including caption attribution + Creative Commons licenses are encouraged + Business model - captions created for free/ fee * [ Disadvantages ] - Uploader must be owner/[have] permission of owner of video ** - Connections not explicit - Captions don't indicate person - TT styling - retrofit? - Meta-data not exposed in RSS search or TT - YET - No comments, rating, user profile - not "social" YET ? Accessibility of site, player, editor [ - UNKNOWN ]
- Connections [ A Compendium mind-map. It represents connections between multiple copies of an example video on YouTube – of Martin Luther King’s “I have a dream” speech, the actual event, and alternative formats – captions (for hard of hearing), audio description, sub-titles (for non-English speakers), and annotations. Summary - there is a many to many relationship. ]
- View 'in-situ' - client-side [ Schematic - on a media hosting site, for example YouTube, the user's browser makes a request for a video page. The plug-in installed on the browser makes a request to a separate server for captions. The plug-in modifies the media player to include the captions. ] (OLnet [content])
- View 'in-situ' - server-side [ Schematic - on a content site, for example a blog or virtual learning environment, the user's browser makes a request for a page containing embedded video (for example, from YouTube). The plug-in installed on the server makes a request to a separate server for captions. The plug-in modifies the page to include captions, and sends this to the browser. ]
- An alternative player in use on YouTube [ Screenshot - an example of the "in-situ" scenario described in slide 14, on the YouTube web site. ]
- Wordle - project keywords [ Image created at Wordle.net containing these words/phrases - develop, accessibility, multimedia, learn, video, multimedia, YouTube, iTunesU, "alternative format", caption, "audio description", podcast, "speech recognition", "screen reader", community, co-create, "media player", in-situ, plug-in, "alternative format", caption, "audio description", automate, crowd-source, participate, "social-karma", "alternative content", accessibility, usable, subtitle, "audio description", "described video", annotate, transcribe, multimedia, "data portability", integrate, "open content", "social production", co-create, Wiki, "web service", "free software", mentor, see hear, affordance. ]
- Next steps CREET funding bid Conversations, in/outside the OU Software patches Explore other funding A workshop ("Scripting Enabled") [email_address] freear.org.uk