Basic Structure and functions of cells

Slideshow Transcript

1. Slide 1: Let’s Cell-a-brate Life!
2. Slide 2: Today’s lesson….. We will look at what cells are.  The difference between unicellular and  multicellular organisms. Detailed look at an animal cell.  Detailed look at a plant cell. 
3. Slide 3: Introduction Look at the picture. What do you see?
4. Slide 4: Introduction – Think-Pair-Share What is the similarity between the children and the house they are building? Both are made up of building blocks. The house is made up of the bricks while a child is made up building blocks called cells!
5. Slide 5: Introduction A cell is a basic block from which all living things are made. A cell has basic needs – it can reproduce grow g_____, and r__________ . Cells are ALIVE!
6. Slide 6: Cells Cheek Nerve Cell Cell Muscle Egg Cell Cell
7. Slide 7: Unicellular Organisms Made up of only one  cell. Simplest living  things. Known as unicellular  organisms Can be seen only  under microscope!
8. Slide 8: Unicellular Organisms Examples: Euglena  Amoeba Paramecium
9. Slide 9: Multicellular Organisms •Human Body is made up of more than one cell. •Known as multicellular organisms. •Can you guess how many cells? Billions of cells!
10. Slide 10: Multicellular Organisms •Our body is made up of many different types fo cells. •Can you name some of them? •Nerve cells •Epithelial cells •Muscle cells Our hair and nails are made up of cells, but it does not hurt when we cut them. Why?
11. Slide 11: Types of Cells Cells Animal Cells Plant Cells
12. Slide 12: Animal Cell Vacuoles Cytoplasm Nucleus Cell Membrane
13. Slide 13: Animal Cell Structures
14. Slide 14: Cell Membrane A partially  permeable membrane that surrounds the cell. Controls the  transport of substances in and out of cell. Separates one cell  from adjacent cell
15. Slide 15: Nucleus Nuclear pores Controls all the  chemical reactions of the cell Nuclear envelope Known as  “control centre” Contains  chromosomes DNA Chromosome
16. Slide 16: Chromosome Nuclear pores Chromosomes are  thread –like structures. Contain genes  Genes determine  Nuclear envelope how an organism looks like and how it functions. Passed down from  parents to offspring DNA Chromosome
17. Slide 17: Cytoplasm Region between nucleus  and cell membrane Made up of jelly like  substance Contains organelles  Region where most of  the cell’s chemical activities take place
18. Slide 18: Vacuole Vacuole •Small and numerous tiny spaces •Containing air, liquid or food particles •Found in the cytoplasm
19. Slide 19: Plant Cell Cell Wall Cell Nucleus Membrane Vacuole Cytoplasm (Filled with cell sap) Chloroplasts
20. Slide 20: Plant Cell Structures
21. Slide 21: Cell Wall Thick layer around  cell Is made up of a  tough substance called cellulose Protects and  supports cell Gives the cell  regular shape
22. Slide 22: Cell Membrane A partially  permeable membrane that surrounds the cell. Controls the  transport of substances in and out of cell. Separates one cell  from adjacent cell
23. Slide 23: Cytoplasm Region between nucleus  and cell membrane Made up of jelly like  substance Contains organelles  Region where most of  the cell’s chemical activities take place
24. Slide 24: Nucleus Nuclear pores Controls all the  chemical reactions of the cell Nuclear envelope Known as  “control centre” Contains  chromosomes DNA Chromosome
25. Slide 25: Chromosome Nuclear pores Chromosomes are  thread –like structures. Contain genes  Genes determine  Nuclear envelope how an organism looks like and how it functions. Passed down from  parents to offspring DNA Chromosome
26. Slide 26: Vacuole Plant cell vacuole  One large central vacuole in plant cells Filled with cell sap (solution of  sugar and salts) The cell sap makes the  cell firm when filled with water. .
27. Slide 27: Chloroplast Tiny discs containing green  pigment. Found only in plant cells.  Contains the pigment  chlorophyll. Chlorophyll absorbs  sunlight to make food during photosynthesis
28. Slide 28: Question??? What are the Vacuole  different structures found in plant cells but not found in animal cells? Cell wall Chloroplast
29. Slide 29: Revision
30. Slide 30: Revision Questions? Region where most of the cell’s  chemical activities take place? CYTOPLASM
31. Slide 31: Revision Questions? Where is the storage site of genetic  information? NUCLEUS
32. Slide 32: Revision Questions? I am tough and strong, I go around  the cell, I protect and support the cell. What am I? Cell wall
33. Slide 33: Revision Questions? I am tiny and disc like. I contain a  green substance which absorbs sunlight. What am I? Chloroplast
34. Slide 34: Class Activity
35. Slide 35: Class Activity Which parts of a cell would you link the following terms with? Vacoule Warehouse
36. Slide 36: Class Activity Which parts of a cell would you link the following terms with? Cell membrane Filter
37. Slide 37: Class Activity Which parts of a cell would you link the following terms with? Nucleus Control Tower
38. Slide 38: Class Activity Which parts of a cell would you link the following terms with? Cytoplasm Laboratory
39. Slide 39: Class Activity 2
40. Slide 40: Label Me - Animal cell A – Vacuole B – Nucleus C- Mitochondrion D – Cell membrane E - Cytoplasm B E
41. Slide 41: Label Me - Plant cell 1 – Cell wall 2 – Vacoule 3 – Cell membrane 4 – Chlorophyll 5 – Nucleus 6 - Cytoplasm
42. Slide 42: Label Me – Cheek Cell Vacoule Nucleus Cytoplasm Cell Membrane
43. Slide 43: Label Me – Plant Cell Vacuole Cell wall Cell Membrane Cytoplasm Nucleus
44. Slide 44: Let’s Compare… Animal cell Plant Cell Discuss with your partner what are the differences between plant and animal cells and jot them down.
45. Slide 45: Let’s Compare… Animal Cell Parts of cell Plant cell Fills the whole cell Cytoplasm Thin Lining Small and many Vacuole Large, one to few Absent chloroplast Present Absent Cell wall Present Present Cell membrane Present Present Nucleus Present
46. Slide 46: Group Work Get into your assigned groups of 4.  Send the group leader to collect your  jelly tray. The rest of the group must get their  things ready for doing the model. You will be given 15 min to do your  model. Include a legend with your model 
47. Slide 47: Examples of models…
48. Slide 48: Conclusion Cells are the basic blocks of life.  Cells can grow and reproduce  Living things can be divided into  Unicellular Organisms  Multicellular Organisms 
49. Slide 49: Conclusion Animal cells are made up of different  structures Cell membrane  Cytoplasm  Nucleus  Vacuoles 
50. Slide 50: Conclusion Plant cells are made up of structures  such as Cell wall  Cell membrane  Cytoplasm  Nucleus  Vacuoles  Chloroplasts 
51. Slide 51: Conclusion Animal Cell Parts of cell Plant cell Fills the whole cell Cytoplasm Thin Lining Small and many Vacuole Large, one to few Absent chloroplast Present Absent Cell wall Present Present Cell membrane Present Present Nucleus Present
52. Slide 52: The End