Mayor Publice Response Essay

Mayor Publice Response Essay
Here's a letter that dares not let Mayor Jack L Publice off the hook. It's all here: the compromises,
the backstabbing, the attempts to hold annual private conferences in which flagitious pissants are
invited to present their "research". My hope is that the following text will delight the critical and
offer food for thought to those contemplating his cankered calumnies. He sees no reason why he
shouldn't galvanize the beggarly herd into enthusiastically supporting his misinformed squibs. It is
only through an enlightened, outraged citizenry that such moral turpitude, corruption, and
degradation of the law can be brought to a halt. So, let me enlighten and outrage you by stating that
Mayor Publice uses the word "hyperconscientiousness" without ever having taken the time to look it
up in the dictionary. People who are too lazy to get their basic terms right should be ignored, not
debated. The point is that if everyone spent just five minutes a ... Show more content on
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That's sufficient evidence for me, at least, to conclude that if Mayor Publice's expedients get any
more nettlesome, I expect they'll grow legs and attack me in my sleep. Mayor Publice is absolutely
mendacious, as he has proved to my complete satisfaction. I almost forgot: I have a dream, a
mission, a set path that I would like to travel down. Specifically, my goal is to make a genuine
contribution to human society. Of course, he deeply believes that it is not only acceptable but indeed
desirable to manipulate everything and everybody. Meanwhile, back on Earth, the truth is very
simple: This is a free country, and I assert we ought to keep it that way. When I state that we must,
in one voice, cry out that we will not tolerate Mayor Publice's drossy morals, I'm merely trying to
begin the debate about Mayor Publice's
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

The Shining Path Research Paper
Shining Path was a frightening guerilla force, profoundly isolationist and sectlike. The terrorist
organization established in the most isolated and impoverished regions of Peru, including Arequipa,
Ayacucho, Huancayo, Huanta, and Lima. Their leader was a university professor, Abimael Guzman,
otherwise known as "Presidente Gonzalo." The group formed from radical university students then
built up to an army of one hundred thirty thousand militants. Leaning on the left spectrum of the
political wing, the Shining Path followed guided principles of Marxism–Leninism, Maoism, and
another ideology known as "Gonzalo Thought." Gonzalo Thought became one of the theoretical
foundations for Communism. "A web of exhortations and formulas so dense that its adherents are
reduced to desperate initializing whenever they attempt the simplest report." (GP, Lima 1990, 74). ...
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Amalia Huaycan, a 38 year old Quechuan, lost her brother, brother–in–law, and cousin in 1986
during the massacres from the Shining Path. "We wept, but they were like gods, hitting us and
destroying everything." (GP, Lima 1990, 75). Terror and violence became the building foundations
for the Shining Path. In a period of endless darkness and confusion, the Shining Path radiated as a
safe haven for those who sought for help. Soon, more people began following the Shining Path,
exponentially increasing at a phenomenal rate. The country was no longer Peru, but the Shining
Path's. Despite the group's abiding omnipresence, it still remained magically elusive and opaque to
the general public at the same time. Senderistas disguised themselves as civilians, but continued to
carry out their clandestine

Summary Of Red China Blues By Mao Zedong
On April 27, 1989, hundreds of Chinese protestors took a stand against the oppressive and corrupt
government to fight for reform and democracy by occupying Tiananmen Square in Beijing, China.
The protests were preceded by a memorial for Hu Yaobang, a Communist leader unpopular amongst
Party members for his liberal ideas and lack of enthusiasm for Marxism and Maoism. Marxism is
the political theories of Karl Marx which became the basis of Communism and the inspiration for
Mao Zedong to create Maoism. Approximately 100,000 students had traveled to Tiananmen Square
for Hu Yaobang's memorial. Following the memorial, students presented a petition to meet with
Premier Li Peng which the government refused. This led to a boycott of universities but also led to
more demand for democracy. Catalyzing the protests was the unfair treatment of the Chinese people
at the hands of the Chinese Communist Party. Along with students, civil servants, scholars and
laborers joined the protests, risking their lives, jobs and reputations. By June of 1989, negotiations
were in place to end the protests, now amounting to over a million people and for democratic
reform. Mao Zedong had ordered troops ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
She also writes of her experience with Maoism, which she had worshipped as a student before
realizing the harsh realities and witnessing the Tiananmen Square Massacre. In one event, a fellow
student had asked her to help flee the country but under the influence of Maoism, Wong turned her
in to the authorities. She writes she still does not know what happened to the distressed woman after
she turned her in. Throughout her book, it is evident that she regrets some of her actions that were
misguided under the notion that it was for the better, although she says it was a major part of her life
so she doesn't know if she would change what happened or

The Political Beliefs Of Mao Zedong And The Cultural...
Mao Zedong was the ideological helmsmen who delivered a oppressed country from the
administratively inept Qing dynasty and incessant waves of international invasion by enemies near
and far. Although, emerging from a momentous socio–political transformation, China was yet again,
pummeled by political maneuvers of the combative dichotomy consisting of Mao Zedong the CCP
Party with continual campaigns. Nonetheless, Maoism, in regards to the Cultural Revolution,
propelled the dogma that only "raising the political consciousness of the masses, revitalizing the
socialist spirit and the ideals of the revolution, and refashioning a state structure guided by
"proletarian ideology" could the danger of a regression to capitalism be forestalled," for Mao...; It
was these tenets which governed the hearts and minds of the Chinese people (Meisner, pg. 315).
However, the ramifications of this monotheistic ideology, I contend, the heart of the issue, was this
induced a permanent and perpetual competition within the populace in proving who was the "truest"
in the cause of revolution. Therefore, "trueness" materialized from the tension of not only an
individual's "bloodline," but also the proving one's "redness," which I define as an unwavering
political loyalty to the ideological figure of Mao and Maoist thought (ibid, pg. 315). Thus,
The revolutionary fervor of Cultural Revolution was undoubtedly, spearheaded by the organization
of the self–proclaimed Red Guards. Duly, this resurgence

The Rise Of The Great Chinese Famine
In Oct 01, 1949, Mao Zedong published to the world about the creation of the People's Republic of
China (" Mao Zedong proclaim People's Republic of China., ...) Mao was the great contributor to
united China, brought China out of the oppression of foreign country. From the Opium Wars in
between the nineteenth century, Mao Zedong never stopped follow his goal by opened many
campaign, and movement that help to develop the modernization of China. Mao was judge about his
wrong policies conducted to make the Great Chinese Famine happened between 1959 to 1961 by
the campaign of the Anti Right Campaign, the Great Leap Forward happened in 1958 to 1959.
Those events were contributed to make the Great Chinese Famine happened, and ... Show more
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The adoration of Chinese because the strength of awareness generation spreaded outside of China,
and make this country lost many chances to develop the economy. Firstly, China and Mao's Party
got support well by the Russian as known as Soviet Union but this relationship started to rift and it
ended before the Culture Revolution starts (citation ).
After the failures of the Great Leap Forward, it made thirty million people starved, and it was the
Great Famine in the humanity, it caused Mao became the puppet instead of holding "real power".
Before the sense of losing political position, Mao reacted to start the Culture Revolution in 1966. By
this way, Mao did not using the "high–class" system of the Communism, he directly control the
youth boy under 20 years, created the Red Guards to institute the separate court. The Cultural
Revolution's consequences was the Red Guards destroyed most of the Chinese Cultural Heritage.
The Red Guards during Mao's presidency was maltreat, and imprison many of the ex– communists
and intellectuals. At the same time, it created many economic and social chaos at most countryside.
A million people was killed during this period.
Many Mao's supporters assumed that because of Mao, China ended the Century of Humiliation out
of the West countries and became the strongest country, economic and social in China get developed
and developing. They composed that the percentages of illiteracy was eighty

Who Fouled Up the Election? Essay
I had read a story long time ago in which the main character, attacked by someone at night, wonders
about who might have assaulted him even though he had no enemy but concludes that everyone
around him could have reason to hurt him. The UCPN (Maoist) finds itself in that character's
predicament after the recent election debacle.
But there is a major difference between the story character and Maoist leaders: The former quietly
pondered while the latter have been making hue and cry about domestic and foreign players playing
foul in the election. So much so that the Maoists have announced that they would boycott CA II if
their complaint about the election fraud were not properly addressed.
The election turned out to be a big shock for the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The domestic players are known: The Nepali Congress and the CPN (UML). The usual external
suspects are India and Western countries.
Of course, India prodded Nepal to go for the polls at the earliest and helped organize them with
equipment and materials. But it apparently did not try to influence the outcome as such. India did
not help Madheshi parties, even though Rajendra Mahato, the Sadbhavana Party leader, has said
their defeat was India's defeat.
There is no indication, let alone proof, that Western countries tried to shape the election result. Why
should they? They are sympathetic to the Maoist proposal to carve Nepal into an ethnic federal state.
And they do not have the kind of network India has in Nepal to influence Nepalese elections, even if
they wanted.
Let us stretch the net and include China as a potential suspect because it is wary about the ethnic
division of states in a federal Nepal. But Beijing would not want to defeat the ideologically closest
kin that is also most sympathetic to its most vital interest in Nepal: Control anti–China activities of
Tibetan refugees.
Put it differently, the conspiracy by national and foreign elements does not wash.
That leaves voters disaffection as the only valid and overwhelming reason behind the Maoist
electoral meltdown. As the largest party in the CA I, the Maoists could not deliver good government
and a new constitution. Government was corrupt and ineffective and the constitution

Robert K. Greenleaf: Servant Leadership Analysis
Servant leadership is not just a Christian philosophy. As defined by Robert K. Greenleaf, a servant
leader is "a servant first....It begins with the natural feeling that one wants to serve, to serve first"
(What is Servant Leadership, n.d.). Servant leadership is global, not relegated to the United States.
China is home to over 1 billion people that represent 56 ethnic minority groups including Han
Chinese, Tibetans, Mongols and the Manchus (Sanders, 2014). These different ethnic groups
represent different cultures and religions. One of the many religions represented is the Confucian
religion. Both the Chinese culture and the Confucian religion are slowly showing an increased
acceptance of an abridged version of the servant leadership model. ... Show more content on
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In the servant leadership model, the emphasis is on serving others first. With Confucianism, the
emphasis is placed on self–reflection and self–improvement in the pursuit of self–perfection (Ma,
2014, p. 16). Learning is critical in Confucianism. Confucius restated the Golden Rule as "wishing
to establish his own character, also establishes the character of others, and wishing to be prominent
himself, also helps others to be prominent" (Hirschy, 2014, p. 101). Even though Confucianism is
positive, the message does appear to be a self–fulfilling emphasis; would the same measures be as
important if it had no value to the leader himself? Confucius identifies that people have different
roles and levels within organizations and society as a whole. According to Confucius, in order to
maintain harmony and growth, people need to develop and maintain relationships with people who
have higher expectations of them. The western view of servant leadership is more of a top–down
approach, whereas, Confucianism is more about the bottom–up approach. It is more about personal
growth and how to achieve the maximum level a person wants to attain. Confucianism encourages
using respect at all levels. When managing; leading and encouraging employees to grow, will result
in employees who have respect for their employer. Even though Confucianism has some of the same
values as servant leadership, it is important to understand that there is a definite hierarchical line
within the doctrines of

Censorship In China
Censorship in China has been an ongoing issue throughout Chinese history. In order to understand
the large role censorship plays in shaping China today, one must understand the history of China
during Mao's era in 1949 through 1976. Since the formation of the People's Republic of China in
1949, the Chinese Communist Party has controlled the Chinese government in several aspects,
which have had lasting effects on Chinese society today. The CCP utilized censorship and
propaganda to control its people as one of their most important and powerful tools to shape and
guide the country. While Mao Zedong was China's leader, the country was controlled by heavy
censorship by the CCP in order to prevent any outside world influence. Mao Zedong believed ...
213). Due to the high censorship, Chinese netizens have turned to more creative measures in order
to communicate with others and engage in political discussion and government policies without
using anything that can be classified as dissident speech. While the Sinophone Internet is largely a
platform for mainstream culture and censored mainstream media, netizens are able to break that
barrier and find loopholes in China's Great Firewall to voice their opinions involving politics and
the government. Regardless of how advanced China's filtering and censorship are, people will
continue to find a way to speak freely and to speak truths to others. This reflects the government's
strictness in terms of shutting down those that oppose them and how highly sophisticated their
filtering system is that netizens have to find creative ways in order to get around

Compare And Contrast Fascism And Communism
Fascism is completely different from communism; after all, they are on opposite sides of the
political spectrum. But, just because they are on opposite side, it does not mean that their ultimate
goal cannot be the same. Because of this, the countries of Italy and China were completely different
compared to what they are now. Fascism and Communism have a lot of differences, but they have
more things in common than one might think.
In order for Italy to become a totally fascist, the government had to accomplish being mobilized by
their politics, economy, and demographics. Their goal was to have a new European order. Fascist
Italy was a dictatorship and was controlled by Benito Mussolini in 1922 and lasted until 1943. His
laws were enforced ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
While his intentions of making China a better place were good, his actions ended in a disaster. But,
"many of his goals, including stressing China's self–reliance, were generally laudable." Mao's tactic
to achieving what he wanted was to follow "the example of the soviet model of development
through heavy industry with surpluses extracted from peasants." It is from here that the idea of
Maoism is created and how Mao wanted to rule his country. Maoism was the starting point of
something big. After all, it is now called Maoism. It was the mark of a revolution because Mao Tse–
tung wanted the way he ruled to be different compared to the way that every other country did. Mao
believed in equality economics and to advocate those who did not have a socioeconomic class.
Maoism is a part of the totalitarian government, where the government controls all aspects of what
the public can or cannot view. So, the intentions that he had were good, it was just the way that the
government carried things out ended the wrong way. Communism also seeks to eliminate religion
and any ownership of land or property, which helped with the way that the leader controlled society.
Even though fascism and communism are totally different, they have the same goal and that is to
have complete control over their citizens. The only difference is how they achieve this. On one side
(communism), they completely destroy what they had before and start fresh.

Revolutionary Terror And Red Terror
nist terrorism, revolutionary terror and red terror. This is considered the most common form of
terrorism and terrorists executing it aim to completely abolish the political system and replace it
with different kinds of new structures. As we see in the textbook (Law, 76), being under the
influence of the Enlightenment and dramatic political events, large numbers of Europeans began
believing that they could remake the world on a more rational basis. This may involve the
destruction of a large population having certain principles but that was not a huge concern for the
Europeans. Innumerable modern instances showcase revolutionary terrorism to us. On the other
hand, Reactionary Terrorism also known as Counter–Revolutionary Terrorism and white

A Revolution of the Distressed Essay
A Revolution of the Distressed
The world today is faced with many obstacles concerning all the peoples of the world. The issues
range from globalization to the state of the environment with every political, economic, and human
interest lying in between. It is these human interests that will be brought to light by examining the
revolutions of the Incan indigenous beginning in the early part of the twentieth century. Running
parallel to their North American neighbors, the native peoples of Peru have lived in seriously
impecunious conditions as the result of ethno racial discrimination handed them by their colonial
occupiers; Spanish speakers. These revolutions, namely Shining Path, would eventually define the
gap between the rich ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Ever since the time of Spanish colonial rule, Incans were being treated completely unfairly. And in
the late 18th century, Peru began to see the first of its native revolutions under Jose Gabriel Tupac
Amaru II in 1780. These uprisings were headed by Indian nobility who showed antipathy towards
the Spanish administration as a result of being forced to subject their own people to taxes, unfair
market prices, and slave labor. The Incans throughout the time of Spanish colonial rule had hopes
for the renewal of their age old empire. However despite at least 100 revolts against colonialism the
empire was never revived. (Strong 41)
It was not until the 1920's that the Incan rebellion would make any significant progression excluding
the pride they may have taken in brutal revenge and retaliation murders and massacres against
Spaniards. In this decade Peru witnesses the first shift from predominantly unorganized revolution
to serious political development. Although the movement known as Alianza Popular Revolucionaria
Americana (APRA) was crushed under the Leguia regime, the faction was the first political party to
legally call for reform in regard to the condition of the highland populations or peasantry. Strong
points out that its leader, Victor Haya de la Torre, had a poem

Mao Zedong And Its Effects On China 's Twentieth Century
Aliz A. Smith
HIS 10000 – World History
Professor: Tracy Rehbein Capps
March 13, 2016.
Mao Zedong 's Communist China
Mao Zedong had major positive and negative effects on China's twentieth century development.Let
me begin with the positives. He modernized, liberated and united the ancient, isolated, non–civilized
China that fought an almost two decade long civil war and turned it into a major industrial power.
He extended social services; healthcare and education. He supported and gave women equal rights,
introduced marriage laws, stopped child and forced marriages, and women got right for divorce,
also legalized abortion. He is nearly eliminated economic inequality, redistributed the land so every
peasant had a small portion. Maoism inspired other nations for anti–colonial movements, especially
in Western societies. This is the Chinese form of Marxist–Leninsm. The base of its ideology that
agricultural laborers are the strong base of a successful revolution. He fought and against the
Japanese invaders during WWII.
But his ruling had some not so appealing programs like: "The Great Leap Forward" failed and
turned into a disaster. He shifted private farms to common places. Instead of growing the agriculture
the fertility of farmlands declined, because the expectations were too high, the changes were too fast
and dramatic, also the farmers couldn 't adjust quickly to the new system which was not efficient.
Sadly, 30 million Chinese people starved to death and died from

How Art Can Be Used As An Expansive Instrument Essay
Art can be used as an expansive instrument, as a passport to the public, and it opens up the people's
interpretative view and culture (Meldone, Sontag). Political art can pose as a threat to the
government, because we see imagery as pieces of reality (Sontag). It can create a culture and can
influence people's ideals and acts. Mao Zedong recognized this and in his attempts to turn China
around culturally, he needed the arts and intellectuals on his side to influence the people of China.
With this execution, he also sparked the intellectuals and art that were not displaying Maoism as a
threat, or in other words as the enemy. He enlightened the fresh, young minds of China and crossed
out any form individuality and attempted to tie the bonds of the people and the government to fight
against the enemies of Maoism. As a result, the suppression that the artists were conformed to were
released after the death of Mao, stemming in much provocative artworks that expose the defiance of
the people towards the government.
Mao Zedong believed that the Communist leaders at the time were leading China in a revisionist
direction like the Soviet Union. In addition, he thought that China's progress made since 1949 was
leading to privileged classes, which included engineers, scientists, and factory managers (Trueman).
This privileged class "did not understand the normal lifestyles of a normal person," and through this
he intended to make a classless society of China, so that no one was better

How Did Mao Zedong Use Propaganda Posters During The...
Cultural Revolution: Chinese Propaganda Poster
In the years of 1966 to 1976, Chinese Communist Party leader Mao Zedong initiated a social–
political movement in China that is known as "The Proletarian Cultural Revolution", also called the
Cultural Revolution. The main purpose was to perpetuate communist beliefs with a twist of Maoism
(Mao's own way) in China. Traditional Chinese values, capitalism perspectives, and other ideologies
were demolished by Mao and other party leaders. Consequently, China was deteriorated
economically, socially, and politically by the Cultural Revolution. Specifically, one of the crucial
methods used by the Chinese government for propagandas is posters; it was artistic and constructed
posters within its vast but restricted media. Respectively, due to the indoctrinations within the
propaganda posters, it resulted in enormous negative impacts in China.
In order to overthrown the traditional and intellectual values among Chinese societies, the party
emphasized on ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The type of posters during that era were obvious, and it was quite eye catching. Despite the fact that
many people were illiterate during that time, the posters were designed to send direct and clear
information (Huang, 2013). Which means even people who cannot read may be able to understand
its content. Pictures within the posters tend to be vivid and noticeable while bringing out sentimental
values (in Mao's way); while words within the posters lead the public's mind on a route of Maoism.
In addition, some posters won't even have words on them, where some might just have quotes from
Mao for direct projections. Overall, diverse types of propaganda posters were built for various
specific purposes but with one ultimate goal of Maoism, nevertheless, such posters emerged
unfavorable

The Great Leap Forward: An Althusserian Analysis Of...
The Great Leap Forward: An Althusserian Analysis of Leftism as Ideology 1 Introduction "Mao
Zedong, Chairman of the Chinese Communist party, threw his country into a frenzy with the Great
Leap Forward, and attempted to catch up with and overtake Britain in less than fifteen years"
(Dikötter xi). During this period, in order to achieve the goal quickly and without resistance, a series
of campaigns and mobilizations were launched. Accelerated Collectivization began in early 1958
with the emergence of People's communes, which were intended to increase production efficiency to
the largest extent possible. Peasants in countrysides and workers in cities were deprived of private
property, housing, and liberty. Then came the purge of hundreds of thousands of party members who
were critical of economic policies. The mark of the Great Leap ... Show more content on
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Hundreds of millions of ordinary villagers were recruited to work on the remote project with no
salary or inadequate food and rest. Also, steel production was fanatically encouraged to prove the
power of Chinese industry. In the spring of 1959, procurement of grain increased sharply to be
exported in exchange for machines and international renown, and domestic famine continued to
worsen. From 1958 to 1962, about forty–five million people died from non–natural causes, with
agriculture, industry, trade, nature, housing, and moral standards suffering from this great
destruction. The debate over its causes has never ceased. While Mao himself attributed this calamity
to natural disasters, chairman Liu, China's potential Khrushchev according

Deng Xiaoping And Mao Zedong's Cultural Revolution In The...
Life in China during the 1980s began to progress because of the Economic Reform in Communist
China. Leaders of the communist party, Deng Xiaoping and Mao Zedong did not agree with each
other on one major part of Chinese history, which was the Cultural Revolution. Deng disagreed with
Mao on Mao's views about the ideas of a cultural revolution in China, because he believed that it
would become a negative effect on the people. Deng Xiaoping was openly critical of Mao Zedong's
ideas but Deng was also one of the leaders of the communist party, so nonetheless, he was arrested
and removed from office until the end of the Cultural Revolution. A few years later, in 1976, Mao
Zedong had passed away, leaving the country in despair. Deng Xiaoping rose to power and began
working non–stop on economic reforms in communist China in the many years to come. Deng
Xiaoping was a much more effective leader than Mao Zedong. China began growing economically
and Deng provided better lives for people and created hope for his country, but his journey was not
short and nor was it simple.
Mao Zedong believed that a socialist society would be ideal, but the cultural revolution, a move
towards socialism, proved to be damaging to the country. The cultural revolution began in 1966 led
by the communist party. Mao Zedong aimed for a new society in Communist China, which would
later become what is now known as Maoism. He believed in self dependence and many people
supported him, but there were others who did

Maoist Theory and Agrarian Socialism Essay
The components of Maoist theory up until 1949 developed from Mao Zedong's sinification of
Marxism and procured both positive and negative impacts on the localised Chinese populations
living under Communist rule and the relationship with the Comintern. A fundamental principle of
Maoism is peasant revolt and following the mass line which emphasises and embodies the
perspective of the peasantry. The development of guerrilla tactics and precise military organisation
were significantly important for implementing Mao's policies. Mao instituted three specific reforms,
namely political, and social and economic, in the development of Maoism. Under these principles
citizens were included in the state's affairs, given respect and protection and ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
The targets were the "local bullies and bad gentry and the lawless landlords" and additionally, those
who resist it will "perish" . Mao also noted the nature of such a revolution cannot be "so refined, so
clam and gentle, or so mild, kind, courteous" as inviting people to dinner for example, indicating his
violent manner. A positive impact upon the women rose however, with the "opportunity...for them to
lift up their heads" allowing them to increasingly falter the "authority of the husband" each day. The
'mass line' is exemplified best during the Yanan period, where the phrase "from the masses, to the
masses" was coined. With proper mobilisation and training, the peasants could be transformed into
an extremely capable force. These developments in Maoism provided the peasants with purpose and
prepositioned a very positive relationship with their Communist leaders, however led to a split with
their Moscow counterparts.
Essential to Maoism and in opposition to the Comintern, is guerrilla warfare tactics of which
included a structured army organisation. This developed due to consecutive unsuccessful conflicts.
Mao Zedong characterised his guerrilla warfare tactics as "when the enemy advances we retreat to
avoid him, when the enemy stops we harass him, when the enemy is tired we attack him, and when
the enemy

Marxism and Communism Christian Communism
Introduction
Communism is a social structure in which classes are abolished and property is commonly
controlled, as well as a political philosophy and social movement that advocates and aims to create
such a society.Karl Marx, the father of communist thought, posited that communism would be the
final stage in society, which would be achieved through a proletarian revolution and only possible
after a socialist stage develops the productive forces, leading to a superabundance of goods and
services.
"Pure communism" in the Marxian sense refers to a classless, stateless and oppression–free society
where decisions on what to produce and what policies to pursue are made democratically, allowing
every member of society to participate in the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Other writers described by Marx as "utopian socialists" included Saint–Simon.
In its modern form, communism grew out of the socialist movement of 19th century Europe.
[citation needed] As the Industrial Revolution advanced, socialist critics blamed capitalism for the
misery of the proletariat – a new class of urban factory workers who labored under often–hazardous
conditions. Foremost among these critics were the German philosopher Karl Marx and his associate
Friedrich Engels. In 1848, Marx and Engels offered a new definition of communism and
popularized the term in their famous pamphlet The Communist Manifesto.Engels, who lived in
Manchester, observed the organization of the Chartist movement (see History of British socialism),
while Marx departed from his university comrades to meet the proletariat in France and Germany.
Growth of modern communism
In the late 19th century, Russian Marxism developed a distinct character. The first major figure of
Russian Marxism was Georgi Plekhanov. Underlying the work of Plekhanov was the assumption
that Russia, less urbanized and industrialized than Western Europe, had many years to go before
society would be ready for

Mao's Dynastic Rule In China
Dynastic rule, which lasted thousands of years, came to an end in October, 1911, when followers of
revolutionary Sun Yat–sen rose up in central China. For the next 40 years, power vacillated between
parties until the Chinese Communist Party defeated the Nationalist Party in 1949. Mao became the
ruler of the newly established People's Republic of China, keeping some aspects of dynastic rule but
reinventing others. Mao drew on the tradition of a legalist system led by one admired ruler. Mao
reinvented governing in China by having a close relationship with the people and actively changing
China's culture and economic and political structure.
Mao maintained the dynastic practice of one admired ruler. The emperor, despite having little
power, was ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Instead of Confucianism, which values harmony, respect for elders, reciprocity, and relationships, he
proposed Mao Zedong Thought, or Maoism. This ideology is based on Mao's personal moral
principles. According to Maoism, contradiction, not harmony, is the driving force of nature. Because
of that, he claimed Chinese society needed constant revolution, or "disorder under heaven" (Schell
217) to destroy "old" society and reconstruct it even greater than before. Additionally, Maoism
taught that physical strength allows the country to be strong because "only when the body is strong"
can one "advance speedily in knowledge and morality and reap far reaching advantages." (Schell
205) Mao also laid out a plan to "rectify" those he deemed had "unorthodox" or "incorrect"
thoughts, especially those without experience as a proletariat, through "criticism and self–criticism."
(Schell 222) If this failed, public criticism, shaming, persecution, prison, or torture were options. A
massive "rectification" campaign formed in 1966. Called the Cultural Revolution, it was led by the
Red Guard, who were youths under Mao's revolutionary vanguard. They fought teachers,
figureheads, and any other "representatives of the bourgeoisie who have [snuck] into into the party,
the government, the army, and a bunch of spheres of culture." (Schell 245) Their goal was to purge
society and

The Chaos and Division of Asia's History Essay
The assigned readings about Asian history lead a unified conclusion that the past (history) of Asia
was characterized with chaos and internal divisions. "China, once again entered an era of
divisiveness and chaos. Competing warlords dominated China for the next 350 years" (The Golden
Age of China: 79). China is a perfect symbol of Asia's history because if studied from the past, the
history of China demonstrates how divisions took place in the country's political and economic
spheres. China's history reveals how the religion led to emergence of chaos in the country. This
shows that religion, in the history of Asia, was more divisive than uniting when individual countries
considered their religions as different. Religious harmonization of ... Show more content on
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Initially, Chinese had coexisted well under one rule. However, three powerful dynasties emerged
after the Han dynasty, forming three kingdoms of Wei, Shu, and Wu. An element of democracy
started getting into China's politics, though at the time of the three dynasties, the kings had amassed
power through their naval strength. The fact that power was divided from one kingdom to three,
however, shows decentralization of influence, which is an element of democracy. The formation of
the three dynasties in China did not offer any practical solution to the chaotic situation in the
country. This disapproves the imagination that democracy was growing in the country. If it was
indeed democracy, then its growth had not ended. This is because after the formation of the three
dynasties, political division in China widened even further. No powerful dynasty in the continent's
history appeared to be answering the question of China's unity. It appeared like political plurality
had entered in China to stay. For example, the failure of the Jin Dynasty to solve the puzzle of
China's political unity shows how divisive China was becoming. Polarization of leadership was
more serious in Northern China. This judgment arises from the fact that the Jin dynasty did not
solve the puzzle of multiple kingdoms in the north of China. Sixteen kingdoms emerged in the north
as the Jin dynasty attempted to unite China.
The spread of Buddhism to China, and its

Frank Dikötter's The Cultural Revolution
Between 1962 to 1976, China underwent one of the most devastating government lead social
reforms, the Cultural Revolution. The Cultural Revolution was a sociopolitical movement lead by
Mao Zedong where his influence made many young Chinese students, who would be known as Red
Guards, pledge to a social political war against capitalism. Frank Dikötter is the author of his
award–winning book called The Cultural Revolution: A People's History, 1962–1976, where he
presents The Cultural Revolution in a new light by constructing it from the perspective of the
individuals who experienced it. In Dikötter's analysis of the Revolution, he divides it into four
different timeframes: the Early Years (1962–66), the Red Years (1966–68), the Black Years (1968–
71), ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the novel We by Yevgeny Zamyatin, there is a dystopian society called the One State meant to be
a fictional representation of Soviet Russia, i.e. the U.S.S.R. One of the One State's goals in the novel
was to surgically remove the part of the brain responsible for imagination so that all humans in the
One State would become a uniform collective capable of efficient machine like labor. This was
called the Great Operation and the people of the One State were given a published message on the
front page of the One State Gazette which said, "You are perfect. You are machinelike. The road to
one hundred per cent happiness is free. Hurry, then, everyone–old and young–hurry to submit to the
Great Operation (Zamyatin 180)." In the One State, the government and its people believed that they
must rid themselves of identity and become a single all–encompassing machine, and this desire
become more stronger as rumors of a revolution was stirring up. Although Zamyatin's story is very
fictional, it is eerily similar to China's Cultural Revolution and Red Guards. After China had gotten
rid of all older ideas, the country was transforming into a uniform communist resistance against
capitalism, and they also tried to flush out counter revolutions to also protect the country from
alternate thought. To be put simply,

Mao Zedong Accomplishments
Mao Zedong has been credited as one of the most important figures during the Cold War, because he
led many influential events and overall led China through the Cold War. He had many dreams and
wishes for China, involving communism and changes for the better of the nation. He knew how to
please his country and pinpoint different areas where China needed improvement, and carry out
plans that would improve China as a whole. Mao Zedong was one of China's most courageous and
powerful leaders, and this was shown through his background of leadership in the Chinese Civil
War and the Long March, and how he maintained his visions and aspirations for China.
Mao Zedong's interest in communism started in 1918, when he began his teaching career. Whilst
teaching, Zedong read Marxism, a book written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels that talks about
a conflict theory ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This boost in confidence influenced Mao Zedong to continue his leadership and interest in
communism and politics. He soon founded the People's Republic of China, and announced the
creation of a "people's democratic dictatorship". He thought that socialism would eventually
triumph over all other ideologies, and his plans and vivid ideas for China reflect how creative but
realistic he is as a leader, and this benefited China throughout the Cold War. Some examples of
ambitious plans that carried through include the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution,
where Zedong encouraged change in order to further improve and benefit the country as a whole.
Although the Great Leap Forward resulted in a famine and the death of 40 million people, Mao
made a comeback with the Cultural Revolution. He wanted to transform China in order to be able to
compete with other industrialized nations, and this shows Zedong's competitive yet committed
nature as a

Emergence Of Communism Essay
Communism, a political philosophy developed by Karl Marx, gained much of its popularity around
the globe in the 20th century. Communism vastly contributed to many of the major events that
occurred throughout Asia and eastern Europe during this time. Many factors contributed to the
emergence of communism as well as its rapid spread and success throughout the world and as a
result, several countries still remain under communist rule. Communism was a crucial part of global
history in the twentieth century and there are many factors regarding its emergence in eastern
Europe and Asia, its success throughout the world, and its collapse in the Soviet Union.
Communism emerged in Russia as a result of discontentment with the leadership of Tsar Nicholas ...
One of these reasons was, ironically, the equality of the workers. In the Soviet Union, all workers
were paid the same wages; regardless of the quality work they did or the number of hours they
worked. Substandard production resulted because this system of equality diminished any incentives
for laborers to perform quality work. Being able to receive an equal wage, irrespective of the type of
work performed resulted in a lack of motivation or work ethic to enhance productivity. The problem
was compounded as a result of unrealistic quotas which forced workers and managers to focus on
quantity rather than quality. The continued lack of production for quality goods was not the only
factor that led to the collapse of communism.
Another factor leading to the collapse of the Soviet Union was the hypocrisy of the Party members.
During the 60s and 70s, the Party's elite experienced increased wealth and power; they owned many
luxury goods and lived glamourous lifestyles will millions of Soviet citizens were starving. As a
result, citizens began to feel hatred towards the regime and were unwilling to protect it when their
protection was needed most. When Mikhail Gorbachev came to power, he began to steer the Soviet
Union towards a hybrid capitalist–communist structure, and on December 25, 1991, he announced
the dissolution of the Soviet

Balzac And The Little Chinese Seamstress Analysis
Love. Adventure. Lust. Individuality. Liberty. Influence. Freedom. These are the things that give
people the will and desire to live, and most of us cannot imagine a world or life without them. But
what if these aspirations were taken away overnight? In Balzac and the Little Chinese Seamstress,
Dai Sijie (戴思杰) illustrates these turn of events with a significant focus on three characters: Luo,
the narrator, and the Little Chinese Seamstress. The story takes place during the Cultural Revolution
in Maoist China when young intellectuals from the city were forced to be re–educated in the peasant
environments. The narrator and Luo are among these people. They are relocated to the mountainous
countryside and re–educated by the peasants there. Even though they are stripped away from all
outside influences, they experience bits of freedom by reading forbidden foreign books in a suitcase.
In addition, they share their findings among those in the countryside, especially with the Little
Chinese Seamstress, an ordinary peasant girl as a result of her romance with Luo. Thus, their eyes
are opened to new ideas, and their lives are changed with new understandings and perceptions. In
his novel, Dai demonstrates the importance of intellectual liberty through the influence of outside
cultures and the development of the characters.
The novel, Balzac and the Chinese Seamstress, illuminates that the impact of different cultures
allows people to view and be shaped by diverse perspectives. When first exposed to a "banned"
book of western culture, a book without the influence of propaganda or Maoist ideas, the unnamed
narrator experiences a perspective change, and his eyes open to the possibilities of the world and his
own life. His whole world is turned upside down, stating, "Picture, if you will, a boy of nineteen,
still slumbering in the limbo of adolescence, having heard nothing but revolutionary blather about
patriotism, Communism, ideology, and propaganda all his life, falling headlong into a story of
awakening desire, passion, impulsive action, love, of all the subjects that had, until then, been
hidden from me" (57). His eyes were hidden due to the ideals of Communism and Maoism, and they
are opened by stories of adventure

Mao Zedong Of The Communist Party Of China
In the 1960's the Chairman of the Communist Party of China, Mao Zedong feared that China would
move too far in a revisionist direction with an emphasis on expertise rather than on ideological
purity as the Soviet model was doing. In response Mao gathered a group of radicals such as Defense
Minister Lin Biao to help him attack current party leadership to reassert the authority he had lost
during the recent economic crisis and the Great Leap Forward. In 1966, Mao launched the Great
Proletarian Cultural Revolution (1966 – 1976). The goal of the movement was to purify Chinese
society by upholdling only true Communist ideology. This was an attempt to revive the
revolutionary spirit that had led to victory in the civil war decades earlier and the formation of the
People's Republic of China. Mao claimed that bourgeois foundations had infiltrated the government
and society with the intentions of restoring capitalism. Mao believed that the current Communist
leaders were guiding China in the wrong direction and as a result he called the nation's youth to
purge capitalist and traditional fundamentals from Chinese society and re–impose Maoist thought in
their place. This lead to a violet class struggle, as China's youth responded to Mao's call by forming
Red Guard groups around the country. The movement was soon amplified to a class struggle on all
fronts as it spread into the military, the urban workers and even the Communist Party leadership.
President Liu Shaoqi and other Communist

The Memoir Spider Eaters Analysis
The Memoir Spider Eaters by Rae Yang is her personal account of her life during the Maoist
revolution. In addition, she reminisces about her trials and tribulations during her active
participation in the culture revolution and the great North Wilderness. Her family also had various
misfortunes due to these changing ideological beliefs spread by the revolution. This memoir
illustrates in great detail what Yang experienced under communist rule. Spider Eaters opened up a
door to a young girl and her families struggle to be good Samaritans under communist rule and their
final disillusionment of the revolution they whole heartedly believed in. Yang and her family
struggled with the vast ideological changes during the Maoist Revolution, in turn, ... Show more
While there she learned that the communist party was unfair full of a bunch of power hungry, lying
politicians. Her first encounter with disillusionment was when her friend Huar who told her that
during the famine many people in her village died of starvation. The claim completely threw Yang
into disbelieve as she recalled the official newspaper stated that no one had died. Secondly, the
attempted assassination of Mao left her to question the nature of the cultural revolution. Thirdly,
Yang found out that not everyone volunteered to go to the Great North Wilderness. A girl who
worked on the pig farm told Yang that she was forced to go because her father was told that a
nationwide policy had been issued where all eldest children had to go to the countryside. Yang
expressed that she seen the cruelty and propaganda that came out of the party. Finally, the biggest
factor in Yang's disillusionment was when she fell in love with Zhou. Zhou's father fought for the
nationalists in 1949. Therefore, Zhou and his whole family was seen as nationalist. She felt that the
party was unfair in classing everyone by their "historical problems" which led them to have little
opportunities and no future. These are prime examples what lead to Yang's disillusion view of the
communist party.
Overall, the Culture Revolution was in many ways a war on the Chinese people beliefs, sexuality,
customs, gender, and view. Yang perfectly illustrates the ideological turmoil that people suffered
from during this period. The revolution lead to Yang's family's disfranchisement, her blurred
understanding of sexuality and gender roles, as well as, disillusionment of the communist party as a
whole. Yang escaped the clutches of communism and the Great North Wilderness with the
acceptance of her application to attend the University of

Sadeghi-Broujerdi Imperialism
Sadeghi–Boroujerdi addresses communist internationalism within the Iranian anti–colonial
movement. Tracing their discursive and practical resistances, he studies the emergence of the OCU
out of the ONFME. Both organizations' leadership, composed largely of students who spent time
studying in Europe, came to embrace the political project of revolutionary communism, concluding
that the imperialism they opposed was intertwined with exploitation and other forms of oppression.
That they acquired this ideological background in the global metropoles of the United States and
Europe, however, raises questions about the modular qualities of these politics that go largely
unaddressed in the article. Through the deployment of this politic, however, the ... Show more
Formed in response to the 1967 Arab–Israeli war, the PLO from its outset was intentionally
international in its practices. Many soldiers trained in Algeria. China, also. was an early ally, who
provided over $5 million in weaponry to the Fedayeen. When news of the My Lai massacre broke
out, the Fatah sought to associate the Palestinian struggle with the Vietnamese resistance to both
inspired their cadre and access third world internationalist networks, including those in the US. In
fact, SNCC and Noam Chomsky, popular figures of the anti–war movement, both came to adopt
anti–Zionist politics at this time. The PLO also embraced comparisons of Arafat to Che and voiced
strong support of and identification with Black Power. Through the various adoptions of radical
internationalist rhetoric, the PLO potentially resolves the dilemma I pose upon my reading of
Sadeghi–Boroujerdi: Marxism, while Western in origin, is a dynamic theory that, while sometimes
modular in application, is not necessarily so. To argue this would be to remove the agency of groups
like the PLO that explicitly align themselves with people's struggles in Vietnam, Cuba, and the
United

Red China Blues By Jan Wong Summary
Awakening to Reality in Red China Blues When Jan Wong first arrived in China, she was filled with
the complete belief that China's totalitarianism way of government was the best way of governing,
and that no other way would do. While natives smiled behind false expressions, she failed to realize
the true extent of the miserable lives under the Maoist regime until she herself experienced the
injustices faced by the Chinese citizens. In Red China Blues, author Jan Wong writes of her
experiences during her life in China and after, and how her whole journey led to the realization of
the harsh reality that Maoism really was. As Wong learned more and more about the truth behind the
totalitarian government, her own experiences helped her to transform ... Show more content on
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Even with her previous experiences at Beijing University and at Big Joy Farm, Wong still held some
belief that the Chinese system wasn't as bad as it was sometimes made out to be. This event proved
to her that it was. "The enormity of the massacre hit home...Although it had been years since I was a
Maoist, I still had harbored some small hope for China. Now even that was gone" (259). As a
reporter Wong was able to view the progression of the protests in leading up to the massacre, and in
viewing it understood that the Chinese people were much more independent than they had
previously demonstrated over the past 50 years. She had continuously seen the Chinese people
following what they were told between learning in school or with physical labor, yet this protest was
one of the first large scale displays of the unacceptance of the regime by the people, and the
government did not know what to do with it. But because of this, Wong was able to recognize that
the people were not reliant on this way of life that they had previously been bound to, but truly
could lead for themselves and take control. The massacre awakened Wong both to the reality that
the government was not acting to benefit the people, and that the people were more than capable of
acting for

Why Is 1968 A Turning Point In 1968
The year 1968 was a significant moment in the postwar period as it witnessed the greatest social and
political upheaval throughout the world. It is understood as a metaphor for the larger mobilization
cycle that took place in the long Sixties and in the Seventies. The events of that year marked a
turning point in the emergence of a cohort of young people comprising students and workers who
had come confronting the established authority and social conventions. Embedded in anti–
authoritarian and individualistic, libertarian and socialistic as well as democratic, anti–institutional,
and anti–bureaucratic values, student groups and worker unions across organized protests and
demonstrations against the established institutions of Western democracy, ... Show more content on
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The sentiment was intensified with the growing opposition to the Vietnam War. Fascism was still an
open chapter for many young German students. They were upset on the reluctance of the older
generations in incorporating anti–Fascist ideas to the country's constitution. The Bonn Republic's
support for the U.S. in Vietnam did not bode well with the student. The U.S. was perceived as
equally immoral as the Hitler regime. In brief, West German radical Leftist criticised the Bonn
Republic for its present imperialist–capitalist associations and for its past fascist ones and viewed
themselves as the true victims of the far–right dominance. The German radical Left eventually
distanced themselves from Willy Brandt's Social Democratic Party and adopted Third World's
Marxists–Leninist' variation, Maoism, exemplified with strong anti–Western emphasis. The
situation reached its peak in 1968 when the student movement failed to stop the Bundestag from
legalising Emergency Law which were due to be passed, would allow the government to limit civil
rights in the case of an emergency. This marked the decline of the student movement culminated in
the disbandment of Sozialistische Deutsche Studentenbund, the biggest student union in West
Germany and its resurrection in later years proved of no

Marxism And Its Effects On The World 's Republic Of China
During the nineteenth century, in the midst of increased industrialization, worker exploitation, and
growing gaps in wealth, Karl Marx formulated a political theory which would go on to remodel
global politics in an unprecedented manner. Marxism, as it would later be known, or more generally,
Communism, was destined to guide countless nations' paths to "liberation." Two countries in
particular, the USSR and the People's Republic of China, can trace their rapid escapes from
"backwardness" into industrial powerhouses, and international superpower and rising superpower,
respectively, to their adoption, as well as their exclusive interpretations, of Marxism. However, such
flexible and broad adaptations of Marxism to these nations' ... Show more content on
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The aforementioned information is detailed within The Marxian Revolution Chapters 1 and 3. So
where did Lenin and Mao diverge from and align with the ideas of Marx? From the start, Lenin was
working with a Russia that did not yet meet the criteria of a conscious proletariat, indicating
readiness for revolution. As such, he amended Marxism to better suit the circumstances of the
Russian population. The first manner in which Lenin contrasts with Marx is through his utilization
of a peasant uprising, rather than a worker uprising. At that point in Russia's history, Russia was still
in a feudal phase, where industry has not yet taken off, and the vast majority of the population was
peasants, whom were controlled by landlords as well as the Tsarist Government. Lenin justified the
propriety of revolution by asserting that Russia was in a state of capitalism. Lenin further diverged
from Marx in the fact that Marx believed that the revolution should be lead by the self aware
proletariat, rather than merely consisting of proletarian participants. However, lacking both a
proletariat majority, as well as a conscious class, Lenin determined that the revolution must be lead
by an elite base. As mentioned in Comrades!, Marx greatly feared a preemptive revolution, and it is
plausible that such a faulty foundation of Communism in Russia is what eventually lead to the
USSR's downfall. Nonetheless, Lenin proceeded with his Bolshevik Revolution and disbanded with

The Shining Path Or El Sendero Luminos
Known as one of the most dangerous and violent terrorist organizations in the world, the Shining
Path or El Sendero Luminoso in Spanish was unique in various aspects. Although now considered a
menace to Peruvian society, the Shining Path remains at the revolutionary forefront of its time.
Living in an age of terror, Peru was a corrupted and disorderly country; the road to liberation was a
far way to go. For years, demagogic candidates turned into dictatorial leaders filled with an
insatiable hunger for dominant power rather than independence. Due to their trivial behaviors, they
mainly spent money for military forces and drugs; but failed to provide the simplest needs for their
people. With a destabilized economy and paralyzed government, living became an illusion. Each
day passed and unfulfilled promises invoked angry Peruvians desperately ... Show more content on
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Despite how unconventional this 'Shining Path' was, it envisioned a promising future for voices
dying into being heard. Shining Path was a frightening guerrilla force, profoundly isolationist and
sect–like. Established in the impoverished regions of Peru, formed by a group of radical university
students, it produced to an army of about one hundred thirty thousand militants. Led by a former
university professor, Abimael Guzman or alias "Presidente Gonzalo," he was a fervent supporter of
Communism. By methodically using primitive techniques to overthrow the old government, this
was seen as the true approach into rebuilding a new improved one. Politically leaning on the left
wing spectrum, the Shining Path modeled through guided principles of Maoism, Marxism–
Leninism, and an ideology known as "Gonzalo Thought." This eventually became the theoretical
foundations of Communism. "A web of exhortations and formulas so dense that its adherents are
reduced to desperate initializing whenever they attempt the simplest report." (GP, Lima 1990, 74).
As a terrorist group,

The Mao Family System
a. The Mao family system consisted of taking away the youths from their parents so that they could
be re–educated without them. Mao wanted people in the villages to feel like they were family. This
would help bond people together and work harder. It was looking at the group collectively to try and
getter the whole instead of an individual. They also believed that everyone was equal and had the
same class. They thought there was no class system. a. Mao found the intellectuals to be useless and
corrupt. Intellectuals used Western views which he did not agree with. Intellectuals with their
knowledge could also easily question his authority. To stop that if no one had higher education there
would not be as many people to disagree with. Western literature thought the Chinese that they
could express themselves and that there were other ways to do it and not follow the rules set into
place by Mao. He was scared that the enlightened people would not follow him if they were exposed
to the literature. a. They are individualist they want to be able to get out of the re–education
program. To do that Four–Eyes has to gather folk songs and print them. They are corrupt in a way
they are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Ma and Luo got sent to rural China to be re–educated during China's Maoist revolution. Ma's
parents are both doctors that work in a hospital. Luo's father is a dentist. Both families were
denounced and were found to be enemies of the state. Luo's father was denounced because he talked
about fixing Mao's teeth. Ma and Luo feel trapped in the rural area and often hope that one day they
will be allowed to leave and go back to the city and their family. Although they wish to return home
and they work hard the boys enjoy parts of the experience. They come to understand that even
though people may not be as intelligent as them that they can still appreciate the art and what they
are doing. The boys feel like they will always be stuck in the village unable to return and hopeless
for the

Revolution In A Chinese Village
Fanshen: A Documentary of Revolution in a Chinese Village by William Hinton is based on
Hinton's visit to the village of Long Bow, China, in 1948, which was one year before the Chinese
Communist Party's (CCP) victory in the Chinese Civil War. In Fanshen, Hinton shares stories of
peasants who were subjected to abuse and exploitation by landlords, as well as how peasants started
an uprising against landlords to establish a Communist village in response to the CCP's rise in
power and popularity. The value in its purpose is Hinton's narration of multiple peasants' stories
because the various narratives present different perspectives regarding their experience of
oppression and their own reasons and motivations for a revolution. For example, Hinton ... Show
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This essay introduces the idea of New Democracy in response to concerns about imperialism from
both Japanese and Western influences as well as outlining a potential solution to this problem with
Marxism and Sun Yat Sen's Three People's Principles. A value in its purpose is that it forms the
basis of Mao's vision for China regarding politics, economics, and culture from Mao's writing
himself. Another value in its purpose is that it incorporates Mao's perspective on Marxism, and this
is valuable because it shows inconsistencies from Marxism to distinguish it from Maoism. For
example, he mentions revolutions in the Soviet Union such as the October Revolution is not
applicable to China: a semi–colonial and feudalist nation that is a victim of Japan's invasion and
Chinese Communist Party's feudalism (KMT) instead of an aggressor. A limitation in its origin is
that it was published during the Japanese invasion of China, and that is limiting because Mao did
not consider any militarist resolution. The military is what made peasants dependent on Mao as well
as Mao dependent on the peasants to serve in the military force, and Mao neglects this significance
in an essay that is a framework of

Impact Of The Great Leap Forward Movement
The Great Leap Forward Movement of the People's Republic of China was an economic and social
programme carried out by the Communist Party of China from 1958 to 1961. The movement was
led by Mao Zedong, and aimed to rapidly transform the country from an agrarian economy into a
communist society by means of accelerated industrialization and collectivization. Before the
occurrence of the movement, China had been suffering from foreign invasions, civil wars, unequal
treaties and political disorder, which left the Chinese Communist Party with a "backward" economy;
one that was unable to sustain itself. In addition to this, the widely applied political and military
ideology of Maoism, established by Mao Zedong and the Communist Party of China, claimed that
instead of the peasants being a revolutionary class, hand in hand with their industrial working
"comrades", they were the revolutionary class. This belief system contributed to the lack of poor
planning by the Chinese government as many of their decisions were based on this belief of
empowering the peasants ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In order to achieve this, backyard blast furnaces were established that urged the peasants to melt
down scrap metal to make useful items such as tools and utensils. However, due to the pressures
placed on the peasants by the government to rapidly increase steel production, peasants began
melting down useful items in order to produce unusable masses of metal. The destruction of useful
objects in order to increase the production of backyard furnaces resulted in the production of
substandard metals that were too brittle to be used. These substandard metals contributed to the
failure of the Great Leap Forward, which can be seen as a central planning

The Khmer Rouge For Modern Cambodia
Qustions 1 – In your opinion, how important are the years of the Khmer Rouge for modern
Cambodia? Does their history still play a role in the counry's politics? Follow up: why does Prime
Minister Hun Sen continuosly refers to the danger of civil war? 2 – What is being done to
investigate the crimes committed at the time and preserve their memory? Follow up: how much
money is being spent on the Tuol Sleng museum, the killing fields and Anlong Veng? 3 –
Knowledge abut the Khmer Rouge is increasing or decreasing among Cambodian people? 4 – What
role does the Sleuk Rith Institute play in researching and archving this period of Cambodian
history? 4 – Some have argued that the Khmer Rouge's brutality has its roots in the American
bombing of

Negative Essay On Capitalism
he reason this is important to know is because the system of Communism when heavily analyzed is
also at the same time heavily flawed when put to practical use. To an extent, to have there be no
class construct is impossible to pull of when coming from a Capitalistic system. As a systematic
way of life it educates and unearths flaws of a society, such as worker exploitation, money
laundering and bribery. But past that it's impossible to implement in any large society that is part of
the global market such as China. Capitalism heavily favors the self, making individuals self
motivated to do remedial tasks in order to have some form of possession. If you remove both the
individual and the material aspect from the citizens in the society then they have little to no
motivation to do anything without a reward or sign of improvement. Sooner or later this due to the
inherent flaw of humans in a society will cause the same systems that were exposed to happen all
over again. The second main issue of Communism is that when looked at closely, there is no end, if
analyzed closely there is always some sort of 'Master–Student' dichotomy in all societies. Students
learn from teachers, children learn from parents, works listen to a supervisor for coordination,
citizens listen to military and the people listen to the active party. No matter how many times you
can reform a state these things will always exist to properly function as a country. Specifically to
China, this is no different, and

Mao Zedong’s Rise to Power in the Chinese Communist Party
Mao Zedong's rise to political power as chairmen of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), was
made possible by the failings of the GouMinDan (GMD). After the fall of the Qing dynasty, in 1911,
China fell into disarray where warlords had power, rather than a national government. Sun Yat–sen
began a nationalist group whose militaristic tacts allowed them to unite china under a singular party,
the GMD. Despite many revolutionary promises very little positive changes were made by Chiang
Kai–shek, who became leader of the GMD in 1925.However because of the party's lack of political
knowledge and poor socio–economic abilities the GMD's rule was a failure. Mao used this to
project his own ideology on China in the form of Maoism. Mao's ability to take advantage of
China's bad situation allowed him to receive the support he required in order to rise to power.
Economically Chiang made many poor decisions, leaving millions of people to live in poverty. Fei
xiao–tong, a social surveyor of rural China, recorded the conditions in which people lived.
According to him families of five were living in rooms of only ten foot square and, during the
famine of 1934, 30 million people died. This was mainly due to the government's low agricultural
spending. Approximately 1% of total expenditure went to agriculture, despite accounting for 94% of
the population, while 80% of the budget went to military spending. While Chiang's son believes that
the government came in at a bad economic time and that

Effects Of The Civil War On Nepal
Effects of the Civil War on Nepal Nepal is considered one of the poorest countries in the world. It
suffers in many aspects due to its immense state of poverty and political violence. The civil war in
Nepal, stimulated by the Communist Party against the Nepalese State, stretched over the course of
10 years lasting from 1996 to 2006. This war, also known as the "Peoples War", was launched
because the Communist Party believed that there was an insufficiency in ensuring freedom, justice
and welfare by the Nepalese State (Panday 67). Numerous casualties became a result of this war.
Insight on Conflict states that, "The conflict claimed the lives of 17,000 people, displaced an
estimated 100,000 more, and brought about the end of a 240–year old monarchy." ("Nepal: Conflict
Profile."). The civil war in Nepal has caused many issues within the country, including a decline in
medical care, increased risk for doctors, a decrease in tourism, poor living conditions for children,
and many political struggles. The civil war in Nepal has had a very negative impact on the quality of
medical care for the civilians, and also tourists. It is said that during this time the Maoist's destroyed
40 health posts from 2002 to 2004, and many others were considered unusable. The Maoist Party
also cut off electricity to a hospital in eastern Nepal because the army was using the hospitals
electrical supply as a power source (Ghimere 1494). The Maoists creating a disruption in
transportation for long

Examples Of Ideologies
Setting up a new political system won't be easy; there are many ideologies one can adopt to their
system. Ideology is a system to improve society, by believing things can be better. Each follows the
ideology one believes is best for the society to achieve perfection. There are many major ideologies,
some that still exist till today and some that have faded away or have little followers. Some
ideologies are still followed, but are now a modified form of the original ideology. In our modern
time new ideologies emerged that haven't been present in the past. The major Ideologies are:
Classic Liberalism: Adam Smith founded this ideology, in order to keep the government out of the
economy. It was established to keep the economy and people free ... Show more content on
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To keep them preserved and unchanged. To keep systems from evolving into more efficient and
effective forms. Change must be carefully considered.
Modern Liberalism: This ideology is an evolved form of liberalism in which it favors the
involvement of the government, in order to correct the troubles of the economy and the society. The
government is allowed to play a role in the economy, adding chances of success and equality for all.
Today this is the U.S liberalism.
Modern Conservatism: This ideology is the branch of liberalism, followed by the people who stuck
to the original principle of Adam Smith, regarding minimal government. Because they preserved
this doctrine they obtained the name of modern conservatives. But this ideology also borrowed
traditionalist ideas from Edmund Burke. They were concerned about tradition, in specific religion.
Marxist Socialism: This ideology led by the thinker Karl Marx, who classified it as a fair, productive
society without class divisions. This system is mostly linked to economy, in which society controls
the means of production. A system where the proletariat (working class) is dominant over the
bourgeoisie (middle class). There is no private property, no government, no classes, and no

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