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The Neuroscience of Wisdom
The Development and Application of „Wisdom‟ in a Business Context



                                              Invitation-only Webcast
                                                      February 5, 2013

                                                             © Merryck & Co 2013
Ethan Kross, Ph.D.

         Assistant Professor, Social Psychology
         Director, Emotion and Self-Control Laboratory
         University of Michigan

         Ethan received his BA from the University of Pennsylvania and his
         MA and Ph.D. from Columbia University. He is an Assistant
         Professor in the Psychology Department at the University of
         Michigan and the Director of the University of Michigan Emotion
         and Self-Control Laboratory. He is also a Faculty Associate at the
         University of Michigan's Research Center for Group Dynamics and
         Depression Research Center.

         The overarching goal of Ethan's research is to shed light on the
         psychological and physiological processes that enable people to
         adaptively regulate impulses and emotions that undermine their
         goals and compromise their health. He uses a variety of tools (e.g.,
         behavioral, diary, physiological, neuroscience-fMRI methods) to
         address this issue and focuses on both normal-healthy and clinical
         populations.




                                                                   © Merryck & Co 2013   2
David Reimer

         CEO, Merryck &Co.
         David leads an organization of former topexecutives who work 1:1
         with current business leaders and their high potential successors.

         His work over the past decade has included consulting on global
         M&A and restructuring projects with 30% of the Fortune
         100, including through the dot.com aftermath and, during the
         financial crisis, the three largest financial services mergers in
         history. He most recently led the 3-year private equity turnaround of
         Drake Beam Morin‟s (DBM) North American business.
         Earlier, while in Asia Pacific, David juggled a mix of wholly-
         owned, joint venture and affiliate business units in 14
         countries, which included launching wholly-owned operations in
         China.

         David is a frequent writer and speaker on how great leaders
         develop on-the-job, in the heat of the crucible.




                                                                   © Merryck & Co 2013   3
Welcome




Guest
Dr. Ethan Kross
Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology
University of Michigan

Director, University of Michigan Emotion and Self-Control Laboratory

Interviewer
David Reimer
Chief Executive Officer, Merryck & Co.




                                                                       © Merryck & Co 2013   4
Discussion Framework




1   The Context: Why this conversation?
2   The Challenge: Wisdom in the lab and workplace
3   The Conversation: Development and application
4   Q&A




                                                © Merryck & Co 2013   5
The Context

What is the impact of wisdom on decision-making, attitude and behavior?




                                Defining wisdom – in the lab or in the
                                workplace




       Understand              Recognize                   Promote                       Demonstrate
       That there are limits   That the world is in flux   The “common good” rather      The ability to take on
       associated with one‟s   and likely to change        than focusing narrowly on     the perspectives of
       own knowledge                                       one‟s self-interest           others




                                                                                       © Merryck & Co 2013        6
The Context

The scope of business leadership has increased by
an order of magnitude. The pace of technological
disruption alone is 100X today what it was in 1980.
Other changes for ExCo Executives
in the Fortune 500 and S&P 500                                                                    1990          2010
Vertical promotions since entering workforce                            1                          11.4           7.1

Years per “level” (pre-ExCo) 1                                                                      3.6           4.4

Companies per career 1, 2                                                                           2.1           5.3

Revenue under management                         1,3                                              $123 MM        $1.3 B

CEOs promoted from within 4                                                                        62%      77%

Connections/relationships to manage                           1,5                                 ~20       ~50-70



1)   Merryck & Co data 1998-2012
2)   WSJ July 6 2010, Joanne S Lublin, “CEO Tenure, stock gains often go hand in hand”
3)   Merryck & Co data 1998-2012; CNNMoney.com, Fortune 500 Statistics
4)   SpencerStuart 2010 CEO Transitions, March 2011
5)   Merryck & Co data, 1998-2012; Booz & Company 2010 10-yr CEO Succession Study Retrospective
                                                                                                            © Merryck & Co 2013   7
The Challenge




1.                               2.                             3.
Can the impact of wisdom         How does this show up          Can the development of
be measured?                     in the business world?         wisdom be accelerated?




                   Ethan Kross                            David Reimer
                                                                             © Merryck & Co 2013   8
Lab Study #1: Sample questions
Can the impact of wisdom upon problem-solving be measured?

Topic/Country              Summary
Immigration/Tajikistan     Because of the economic growth of Tajikistan, many people
                           fromKyrgyzstan immigrate to the country. Whereas Kyrgyz
                           people try to preservetheir customs, Tajiks want Kyrgyz
                           people to assimilate fully and abandon their customs.


Natural resources/Chuuk    Huge crude oil resources have been discovered in the
                           economicallydisadvantaged Chuuk state. Because of
                           governmental restrictions, many interested firms cannot
                           establish the required infrastructure for production. On the
                           one side, government tries to preserve the ancient laws. On
                           the other side, there are also a huge number of people in
                           Chuuk who would like to eliminate the regulations entirely.

Ethnic tensions/Djibouti   Two ethnic groups in Djibouti, the Issa and the Afari, have
                           completely different perspectives on politics. Whereasone
                           group tries to preserve traditions, the other group wants to
                           alter the society entirely. Both groups are very strong.

                                                                        © Merryck & Co 2013   9
Merryck Pilot Study

Question: What if any monitoring systems (whether self-directed or gauged from
others) do you use to ensure that you‟re performing well when under duress?


      Ages 30-50                                    Ages 51+


            54%              Self-Monitored Only        20% (18.8%)



            46%                 Social Cues             80% (75%)



                                                                © Merryck & Co 2013   10
Lab Study #2
 Can other factors be substituted for the passage of time in the
 development of wisdom?

Participants                       Framework
Recent graduates and senior-       Participants were first instructed to “take a few minutes
year college students who had      to think about how the current economic climate will
been unable to secure              impact you personally.” They were
employment were asked to           then randomly assigned to reason aloud to an
predict how the future would       interviewer about how the recession would impact their
unfold.                            career prospects from an “immersed” or “distanced‟
                                   perspective.

Strongly liberal and               Participants were asked to think about how various
conservative voters in the three   foreign and domestic issues would play out over the next
weeks before the 2008              4 years if the candidate that they did not endorse won
presidential election.             the election from either an “immersed” or “distanced”
                                   perspective.




                                                                              © Merryck & Co 2013   11
The Conversation


Can wisdom be developed?

The complexity of upper           The nature of dynamic               The next generation of leader
echelon jobs increases            problems                            development will empower
exponentially, whereas a          defiespredictablepatterns of        those with the most influence
leader„s development happens      straightforward problem-            to respond with the greatest
Incrementally.                    solving.                            possible perspective.




Understand               Recognize                   Promote                     Demonstrate
That there are limits    That the world is in flux   The “common good” rather    The ability to take on
associated with one‟s    and likely to change        than focusing narrowly on   the perspectives of
own knowledge                                        one‟s self-interest         others




                                                                                       © Merryck & Co 2013   12
The Conversation


What are the challenges?


  “Wisdom”                                            Business
                           Buzz   Motivation
  language                                            outcomes




             Ethan Kross               David Reimer
                                                        © Merryck & Co 2013   13
The Takeaways




1.                            2.                         3.
In a wicked-problem world,    As complexity and          One of the surest, fastest
every organization‟s          stakes have grown by       ways to increase
priority must be to get top   orders of magnitude, the   perspective is to model and
leaders ready for             development of             exercise methods for
anything to the most          perspective and the        creating distance between
realistic extent possible.    ability to transcend       the decision-maker and
                              self-interest allows for   the decision. In an
                              much better reasoning      organizational context,
                              concerning real-world      such exercises work best
                              scenarios.                 when grounded within the
                                                         business framework.




                                                                       © Merryck & Co 2013   14
Who is Merryck?


Over 15 years, Merryck has become the proven
global vehicle for fast-tracking a leader’s magnitude

Mentoring 1-on-1 with a former C-level executive who:
Has run a$750MM -      Is trained in-depth to   Is up to speed on   Is chosen for ability
$120B P&L within a     support with             the company‟s       to identify strengths,
messy, complex, ofte   questions and to         issues and the      and to define and
n global scale         develop executive        dynamics of the     help develop the
                       perspective —            leader‟srole        blind side
                       not to take on the job




                                                                          © Merryck & Co 2013   15
For further discussion:




        Robin Beckhard, Senior Vice President
           Robin.Beckhard@Merryck.com
                  1-888-MERRYCK
                 www.Merryck.com




                                                © Merryck & Co 2013   16

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The Neuroscience of Wisdom - The Development and Application of Wisdom in a Business Context

  • 1. The Neuroscience of Wisdom The Development and Application of „Wisdom‟ in a Business Context Invitation-only Webcast February 5, 2013 © Merryck & Co 2013
  • 2. Ethan Kross, Ph.D. Assistant Professor, Social Psychology Director, Emotion and Self-Control Laboratory University of Michigan Ethan received his BA from the University of Pennsylvania and his MA and Ph.D. from Columbia University. He is an Assistant Professor in the Psychology Department at the University of Michigan and the Director of the University of Michigan Emotion and Self-Control Laboratory. He is also a Faculty Associate at the University of Michigan's Research Center for Group Dynamics and Depression Research Center. The overarching goal of Ethan's research is to shed light on the psychological and physiological processes that enable people to adaptively regulate impulses and emotions that undermine their goals and compromise their health. He uses a variety of tools (e.g., behavioral, diary, physiological, neuroscience-fMRI methods) to address this issue and focuses on both normal-healthy and clinical populations. © Merryck & Co 2013 2
  • 3. David Reimer CEO, Merryck &Co. David leads an organization of former topexecutives who work 1:1 with current business leaders and their high potential successors. His work over the past decade has included consulting on global M&A and restructuring projects with 30% of the Fortune 100, including through the dot.com aftermath and, during the financial crisis, the three largest financial services mergers in history. He most recently led the 3-year private equity turnaround of Drake Beam Morin‟s (DBM) North American business. Earlier, while in Asia Pacific, David juggled a mix of wholly- owned, joint venture and affiliate business units in 14 countries, which included launching wholly-owned operations in China. David is a frequent writer and speaker on how great leaders develop on-the-job, in the heat of the crucible. © Merryck & Co 2013 3
  • 4. Welcome Guest Dr. Ethan Kross Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology University of Michigan Director, University of Michigan Emotion and Self-Control Laboratory Interviewer David Reimer Chief Executive Officer, Merryck & Co. © Merryck & Co 2013 4
  • 5. Discussion Framework 1 The Context: Why this conversation? 2 The Challenge: Wisdom in the lab and workplace 3 The Conversation: Development and application 4 Q&A © Merryck & Co 2013 5
  • 6. The Context What is the impact of wisdom on decision-making, attitude and behavior? Defining wisdom – in the lab or in the workplace Understand Recognize Promote Demonstrate That there are limits That the world is in flux The “common good” rather The ability to take on associated with one‟s and likely to change than focusing narrowly on the perspectives of own knowledge one‟s self-interest others © Merryck & Co 2013 6
  • 7. The Context The scope of business leadership has increased by an order of magnitude. The pace of technological disruption alone is 100X today what it was in 1980. Other changes for ExCo Executives in the Fortune 500 and S&P 500 1990 2010 Vertical promotions since entering workforce 1 11.4 7.1 Years per “level” (pre-ExCo) 1 3.6 4.4 Companies per career 1, 2 2.1 5.3 Revenue under management 1,3 $123 MM $1.3 B CEOs promoted from within 4 62% 77% Connections/relationships to manage 1,5 ~20 ~50-70 1) Merryck & Co data 1998-2012 2) WSJ July 6 2010, Joanne S Lublin, “CEO Tenure, stock gains often go hand in hand” 3) Merryck & Co data 1998-2012; CNNMoney.com, Fortune 500 Statistics 4) SpencerStuart 2010 CEO Transitions, March 2011 5) Merryck & Co data, 1998-2012; Booz & Company 2010 10-yr CEO Succession Study Retrospective © Merryck & Co 2013 7
  • 8. The Challenge 1. 2. 3. Can the impact of wisdom How does this show up Can the development of be measured? in the business world? wisdom be accelerated? Ethan Kross David Reimer © Merryck & Co 2013 8
  • 9. Lab Study #1: Sample questions Can the impact of wisdom upon problem-solving be measured? Topic/Country Summary Immigration/Tajikistan Because of the economic growth of Tajikistan, many people fromKyrgyzstan immigrate to the country. Whereas Kyrgyz people try to preservetheir customs, Tajiks want Kyrgyz people to assimilate fully and abandon their customs. Natural resources/Chuuk Huge crude oil resources have been discovered in the economicallydisadvantaged Chuuk state. Because of governmental restrictions, many interested firms cannot establish the required infrastructure for production. On the one side, government tries to preserve the ancient laws. On the other side, there are also a huge number of people in Chuuk who would like to eliminate the regulations entirely. Ethnic tensions/Djibouti Two ethnic groups in Djibouti, the Issa and the Afari, have completely different perspectives on politics. Whereasone group tries to preserve traditions, the other group wants to alter the society entirely. Both groups are very strong. © Merryck & Co 2013 9
  • 10. Merryck Pilot Study Question: What if any monitoring systems (whether self-directed or gauged from others) do you use to ensure that you‟re performing well when under duress? Ages 30-50 Ages 51+ 54% Self-Monitored Only 20% (18.8%) 46% Social Cues 80% (75%) © Merryck & Co 2013 10
  • 11. Lab Study #2 Can other factors be substituted for the passage of time in the development of wisdom? Participants Framework Recent graduates and senior- Participants were first instructed to “take a few minutes year college students who had to think about how the current economic climate will been unable to secure impact you personally.” They were employment were asked to then randomly assigned to reason aloud to an predict how the future would interviewer about how the recession would impact their unfold. career prospects from an “immersed” or “distanced‟ perspective. Strongly liberal and Participants were asked to think about how various conservative voters in the three foreign and domestic issues would play out over the next weeks before the 2008 4 years if the candidate that they did not endorse won presidential election. the election from either an “immersed” or “distanced” perspective. © Merryck & Co 2013 11
  • 12. The Conversation Can wisdom be developed? The complexity of upper The nature of dynamic The next generation of leader echelon jobs increases problems development will empower exponentially, whereas a defiespredictablepatterns of those with the most influence leader„s development happens straightforward problem- to respond with the greatest Incrementally. solving. possible perspective. Understand Recognize Promote Demonstrate That there are limits That the world is in flux The “common good” rather The ability to take on associated with one‟s and likely to change than focusing narrowly on the perspectives of own knowledge one‟s self-interest others © Merryck & Co 2013 12
  • 13. The Conversation What are the challenges? “Wisdom” Business Buzz Motivation language outcomes Ethan Kross David Reimer © Merryck & Co 2013 13
  • 14. The Takeaways 1. 2. 3. In a wicked-problem world, As complexity and One of the surest, fastest every organization‟s stakes have grown by ways to increase priority must be to get top orders of magnitude, the perspective is to model and leaders ready for development of exercise methods for anything to the most perspective and the creating distance between realistic extent possible. ability to transcend the decision-maker and self-interest allows for the decision. In an much better reasoning organizational context, concerning real-world such exercises work best scenarios. when grounded within the business framework. © Merryck & Co 2013 14
  • 15. Who is Merryck? Over 15 years, Merryck has become the proven global vehicle for fast-tracking a leader’s magnitude Mentoring 1-on-1 with a former C-level executive who: Has run a$750MM - Is trained in-depth to Is up to speed on Is chosen for ability $120B P&L within a support with the company‟s to identify strengths, messy, complex, ofte questions and to issues and the and to define and n global scale develop executive dynamics of the help develop the perspective — leader‟srole blind side not to take on the job © Merryck & Co 2013 15
  • 16. For further discussion: Robin Beckhard, Senior Vice President Robin.Beckhard@Merryck.com 1-888-MERRYCK www.Merryck.com © Merryck & Co 2013 16