This report used in the May 15th Prophecy post titled "May 15th Prophecy Another Year In Review, What Is Now?" http://lastdaywatchers.blogspot.com/2009/05/may-15th-prophecy-another-year-in.html

1. RED CAPITAL GROUP®
Market Overview
Oakland, California
Multifamily Housing Update December 2008
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY SNAP SHOT
E
mployment trends in the Oak- ing average occupancy 0.13% higher to Y-o-y Projected
land metropolitan area deterio- about 95.9%, according to Reis. De- change YE2008
rated in the third quarter, a mand was especially robust in the North
product of weaker conditions in the con- Alameda submarket that includes Oak- Vacancy
50 bps
struction, retail trade, business services land, Berkeley and Alameda. Tenants (4.1% - 3Q08) 20 bps
and government sectors. The foregoing net leased 124 units, raising the submar-
industries combined for attrition of ket occupancy rate 50 basis points to a Effective
11,700 jobs, calculated on a year-over- nine-month high 94.5%. Rents 4.7% 3.9%
year basis, representing a -2.2% rate of
Rent trends more fully reflected the de- ($1,318 - 3Q08)
decline. This compares to an aggregate
pressed economic conditions. Owners
loss of 2,600 (-0.5%) jobs in 2Q08. As
managed sequential effective rent hikes Cap Rate
a result, total quarterly metro losses
averaging only $12 (0.8%) to $1,318, 50 bps Neutral
accelerated to a 19,800-job, -1.9% rate (5.8% - 3Q08)
the smallest advance posted in nearly
from the 11,200-job, -1.1% pace re-
four years. San Ramon and West Con-
corded in the second quarter. Employment
tra Costa properties accounted for the 19.8m 16.1m
Job cuts in the foundation skilled ser- lion’s share of the advance, registering (1,027.2m - 3Q08)
vices sectors were of particular concern. 1.5% and 3.7% increases, respectively.
Business services firms trimmed head- By contrast, rent growth in North Ala-
counts by 1,100 workers, the sharpest meda and Fremont averaged an anemic KEY POINTS
cuts in five years. Much of the impetus 0.1%, as owners sacrificed revenue to
derived from weaker trends in the pro- build occupancy levels in the face of • The weak housing market and global
fessional, scientific and technical ser- rapid job losses by urban office workers. recession exerted increasing downward
vices category, where firms reduced pressure on the East Bay economy. Firms
Reis foresee weaker conditions through
payrolls by 1,000 (-2.4%) jobs in Sep- engaged in construction, finance, retail trade
2010. The service expects occupancy to
tember relative to same month of 2007. and professional services cut headcounts at
fall 20 bps by year-end and a further 50
Job losses in the finance sector also con- accelerating rates, causing metro payrolls to
bps by YE2010. Supply estimated at
tinued apace as firms shed workers at a fall at a 19,800-job, -1.9% rate in 3Q, down
1,653 units in 2009, the largest vintage
4,400-job, -7.6% y-o-y rate. With the from a 11,200-job, -1.1% loss posted in 2Q.
harvested since 2000, will be largely
impact of the Wells/Wachovia merger
responsible. By way of effective rent,
still largely to be manifested, banking
Reis foresee advances averaging 2.2%
• RCR expect 2009 to be a particularly
trends could regress further. difficult year for the metro economy. The
and 3.4% in 2009 and 2010, respec-
firm’s econometric model forecasts a net loss
Indeed, RED CAPITAL Research tively, low by metro standards but above
of 34,000 (-3.3%) jobs, which would be the
expect 2009 to be an extremely difficult the comparable forecasts for the RED
metro’s worst ever one-year performance.
year for the East Bay economy. The 50 (1.7%/2.8%) markets.
group’s econometric payroll model fore- • Multifamily market performance was
Third quarter property sales were
casts accelerating losses in 4Q08, rising constructive under the circumstances.
slower, consistent with the national
to a 28,800-job, -2.7% rate, giving rise Tenants absorbed a net of 193 units, lifting
trend. RCR counted 6 trades of apart-
to a calendar year loss of 16,100 (-1.5%) average occupancy 10 basis points to 94.9%.
ments valued at $5mm or more totaling
jobs. The rate of attrition is projected to
$68mm. This compares to 13 sales for
peak in 1Q09 (-39,400) before slowing
gross proceeds of $232mm in 3Q07. • Effective rents increased by an average of
gradually through year end. Neverthe- $12 to $1,318. The posted 0.9% and 4.7%
less, y-o-y job losses at rates exceeding A degree of cap rate decompression was sequential and y-o-y advances ranked 11th
25,000 are likely to persist throughout evident. Class-B properties exchanged and 9th, respectively, among the RED 50.
2009, yielding a full-year setback total- hands at initial yields in the mid–5% to
ing 34,000 (-3.3%) jobs. low-6% area, 100 to 150 bps wider than • The median prices of Alameda and Contra
earlier in the year. RCR are of the mind Costa County homes sold in November fell -
Conditions in the apartment market re-
that Oakland represents attractive rela- 37% and -50% y-o-y, respectively, to the
mained remarkably firm under the cir-
tive value at this level and thereby up- lowest levels recorded in eight years.
cumstances. Owners managed to net
wardly revise the metro to a “cautious
lease 193 units against no supply, push-
accumulate” rating from opportunistic.

2. Oakland-Fremont-Hayward, CA MSA - 3Q 2008
VACANCY TRENDS Apartment Vacancy Trends
Source: Reis, Inc.
• A solid lease performance in 3Q08 was paced by strong tenant
8%
demand for apartments located in Berkeley, Oakland and Alameda.
Metro Vacancy Rate
Properties in the North Alameda submarket absorbed 124 units, back- 6%
filling 816 units delivered in 1H08, thereby raising submarket
occupancy 50 basis points to 94.5%. Largely due to this performance, 4.2%
metro occupancy improved 10 bps to 95.9%. 4%
• Class-A properties chalked down 195 net absorptions, lowering
2%
METRO
average vacancy 40 bps to 4.1%. Class-B/C communities lost 2 net U.S.A.
CLASS-A
tenants, leaving average vacancy unchanged also at a 4.1% rate. CLASS-BC
0%
• Another national real estate data service reported San Francisco/
Oakland occupancy averaging 95.6%, down 15 bps year-over-year. 4Q 3Q 2Q 1Q 4Q 3Q 2Q 1Q 4Q 3Q 2Q
RANK: 7th out of 50 00 01 02 03 03 04 05 06 06 07 08
COMMENT: Occupancy is expected to outperform the RED 50 through 2012.
RENT TRENDS Metro Rent Trends
• After recording seven consecutive quarters of year-over-year rent 30%
Source: Reis, Inc.
growth of 5% or greater, Oakland trends began to moderate in 3Q08. Asking (Reis)
25%
Asking rents increased by an average of $13 (0.9%) to $1,385, and Effective (Reis)
effective rents rose $12 (0.9%) to $1,318. These data produced y-o-y 20% Asking (Alt)
YoY Rent Trend
gains of 4.7% and 4.8%, respectively, ranked RED 50 10th and 9th. 15%
4.7%
10%
• Third quarter results were boosted by strong sequential quarter gains
recorded in the West Contra Costa and San Ramon submarkets. 5%
4.8%
Effective rents rose $50 (3.7%) and $20 (1.5%) sequentially. By 0%
contrast, rents were essentially flat in North Alameda and Fremont. -5%
• An alternative source reported 4.4% y-o-y asking rent growth in 3Q. -10%
-15%
• Reis forecast 3.8% average rent growth through 2012, 100 bps above
the RED 50 average. 2Q 1Q 4Q 3Q 2Q 1Q 4Q 3Q 2Q 1Q 4Q 3Q
th
RANK: 9 out of 50 00 01 01 02 03 04 04 05 06 07 07 08
PROPERTY MARKET & CAP RATE TRENDS Metro Multifamily Cap Rate Trend
Source: Reis, Inc.
• Sales of East Bay properties declined in 3Q, reflecting rising investor 6.0%
concerns over the economy and a more difficult financing
environment. RCR identified 6 sales totaling $68mm of proceeds 5.5%
closed from July to September, a sharp decline from 14 trades for
$232mm in the comparable period of 2007. 5.0%
Cap Rate
• A review of estimated initial property yields suggest that acquisition 4.5%
cap rates increased substantially from earlier levels. Typical 30-year
4.0%
old class-B assets were capitalized at 5.4% to 6.2%, roughly 100 to 150
higher than rates typical of the spring. 3.5%
• The sale of a Fremont property closed in early December. The $21.5 3.0%
million transaction was capitalized at an estimated 6.0% rate.
1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q
COMMENT: RCR find metro fundamentals compelling. Formerly a sticking 06 06 06 06 07 07 07 07 08 08 08 08
point, pricing now appears more advantageous. Accumulate with caution.
NOTABLE TRANSACTIONS
Property Name Date of Total Price Estimated Cap
Property Class Price per unit
(Submarket) Transaction (in millions) Rate
Dorchester House (Hayward) BC Aug-2008 $7.1 $104,412 5.9%
Carrington Apts (Fremont) BC Dec-2008 $21.5 $142,384 6.0%
White Terrace (W Contra Costa) BC Aug-2008 $5.8 $111,538 6.2%
Camden Village (Hayward) BC Aug-2008 $34.5 $176,026 5.4%
RED CAPITAL Research

3. Oakland-Fremont-Hayward, CA MSA - 3Q 2008
Metro Median Single Family Home Prices DEMOGRAPHICS & HOUSING MARKET
Source: National Association of Realtors
• Alameda County population increased 12,536 (0.9%) in 2007, the
$900 largest gain since 2000; lower domestic out-migration was a key factor.
SF/OAK US
$800
$700
• Home foreclosure rates in Oakland MSA are among the highest in the
nation. RealtyTrac.com reports that 1.64% of metro households were
Prices (000)
$600 undergoing foreclosure in 3Q08, 10th highest in the country.
$500
• Foreclosure sales dominate the for-sale housing market. Largely for
$400 this reason, November median home prices fell to eight-year lows in
$300 Alameda and Contra Costa Counties. Medians fell to $365,500 and
$200 $265,500, respectively, representing -37% and -50% y-o-y declines.
$100 • The once thriving condo market is now moribund. As many as 2,000
05 06 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q 1Q 2Q 3Q vacant units are offered for sale in Oakland and Emeryville and more
are under construction. With prices down by a third or more some
Y Y 07 07 07 07 08 08 08 developers are likely to repurpose for-sale units as rentals.
Payroll Employment Growth
EMPLOYMENT TRENDS
Source: BLS Data & RCG Research Forecast
Third Quarter 2008
50 • Payroll trends deteriorated in the third quarter. After hemorrhaging at
40 an 11,200-job, -1.1% rate in 2Q08, losses accelerated to 19,800 (-
30 1.9%) in 3Q08.
Annual Chg (000)
20
• Government belt tightening was a prominent reason for the decay.
10 Agencies cut budgets to the bone after tax revenues plummeted. Af-
0 ter hiring at a net 4,100-job pace in 2Q08, public entities trimmed 600
-10 jobs from payrolls in 3Q. Faster attrition also was observed in the
-20 retail, construction and business service sectors. The foregoing indus-
-16 tries reduced headcounts at an 11,000-job, -3.2% annual rate, com-
-30
pared to a 6,700-job deficit recorded in 2Q08.
-40 -34
99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08f 09f • Severe job cuts in the financial services industry persisted. BLS data
show an annual decline of 5,000 (-8.6%) job in the third quarter.
Conditions may deteriorate further as the operations of the Wells
Fargo and Wachovia corporations are merged and rationalized.
Year-over-year Payroll Growth Rate
• The petrochemical industry was a rare bright spot. Payrolls increased
Source: BLS by 400 jobs in 3Q08, representing a 5.3% annual rate of growth.
5% OAKLAND
USA October 2008
4%
3%
• Job losses continued to accelerate in October. Metro payrolls were
22,500 jobs below the comparable level in October 2007, a -2.1%
2% decline. The comparison was the weakest recorded since April 2002.
Rate
1%
• The unemployment rate increased 40 basis points from September to
0% 7.2%. In October 2007, Oakland unemployment stood at 4.9%.
-1%
Forecast
-2%
-3% • RED CAPITAL Research expect conditions in the East Bay to continue to
retrogress through the second quarter 2009. Our econometric model produces
99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 a 4Q08 forecast of 28,800 (-2.7%) y-o-y job losses. Over-the-year losses
should peak in 1Q09 at the 39,400-level but remain at recessionary levels
through year end. FY2009 job cuts should total about 34,000 (-3.3%) jobs.
20%
RED Estimated Generic Unlevered Asset Total Return Probabilities 15.2%
12.8%
8.9% 9.7%
10% 6.2% 5.6%
3.3% 1.3%
0%
-1.0%
-10% -5.3% OAKLAND (RAI=1.20) SAN JOSE (RAI=0.78)
90% 70% 50% 30% 10%
RED CAPITAL Research

4. SUBMARKET TRENDS
Effective Rent Physical Vacancy
Submarket
3Q07 3Q08 Change 3Q07 3Q08 Change
North Alameda County $1,293 $1,351 4.5% 5.7% 5.5% -20 bps
Fremont / Newark / Union $1,334 $1,383 3.7% 3.6% 3.0% -60 bps
East Alameda County $1,439 $1,501 4.3% 4.4% 5.0% 60 bps
West Contra Costa County $1,274 $1,369 7.5% 6.7% 4.1% -260 bps
Concord / Martinez $1,122 $1,187 5.8% 4.1% 3.7% -40 bps
San Ramon / Walnut Creek $1,333 $1,390 4.3% 3.4% 3.5% 10 bps
East Contra Costa County $1,089 $1,138 4.5% 5.8% 4.6% -120 bps
San Leandro / Hayward $1,153 $1,194 3.6% 3.7% 3.5% -20 bps
Metro $1,258 $1,318 4.8% 4.6% 4.1% -50 bps
SUPPLY TRENDS
• Reis expect two projects to enter lease up in the fourth quarter: a 55-
Completions and Absorption
unit garden project in a new lifestyle center in Danville and a luxury
townhome development near the BART station in Dublin. Source: Reis, Inc
• A total of 1,653 units are expected to be completed in 2009. This 2,000
Completions Absorption
estimate is likely to prove to be too high. At this writing, construction
is underway on fewer than 900 apartments; delivery of all these units in
1,500
2009 is by no means certain. Indeed, an alternative data source
forecasts new supply of only 603 units in 2009, a figure that appears
better supported by activity on the ground. 1,000
Units
• On the other hand, at least 1,000 condos and townhomes will be
500
delivered in 2009, exacerbating the surplus of for-sale real estate now
flooding the market. Developers are likely to face increased pressure
to place unsold units into the rental pool, a strategy that has proven 0
relatively successful to date.
• A luxury mid-rise on the Emeryville waterfront that debuted in winter -500
2007/08 was reported to be more than 94% occupied in September at rents 02 03 04 05 06 07 08f 09f
averaging $2,415.
RED CAPITAL GROUP
Two Miranova Place
Columbus, OH 43215
Daniel J. Hogan William T. Hinga
Director of Research Business Development
djhogan@redcapitalgroup.com wthinga@redcapitalgroup.com
614-857-1416 614-857-1499
www.redcapitalgroup.com
800.837.5100
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Market Overview is a publication of RED CAPITAL GROUP. If you are interested in other metro areas we cover or would like to
read about the research methodology we apply in our reports, please visit us at www.redcapitalgroup.com/research.