Slowly I Awoke From A Deep Sleep To The Sweet Smell Of

Slowly I Awoke From A Deep Sleep To The Sweet Smell Of
Slowly I awoke from a deep sleep to the sweet smell of buttermilk pancakes, crispy bacon, and fluffy scrambled eggs being cooked to perfection.
After fighting the urge to roll over and go back to sleep, I made my way out of the soft, inviting hotel bed and into the cramped kitchen. As I
glanced around, I found my parents making breakfast, and my brothers devouring down the delicious food placed before them as fast as humanly
possible. I quickly made myself a plate to ensure that my brothers could not consume it all, and then realized that I needed syrup to make the meal
complete. Opening the dark black refrigerator door, I grabbed the half empty bottle of maple syrup and poured a large portion of it over my plate,
covering every single... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I ran my feet across the damp surface of the sand, making small impressions as I went, and then watched as they each slowly disappeared. Salty ocean
water mist sprayed me from the front and I had to restrain myself from charging into the inviting, cold water only two feet in front of me. Looking out
across the water, I could see surfers attempting to ride the gigantic waves breaking in the distance, where the water was deep.
While still sitting in the warm, soft sand, I reflected back on the ample amount of research I had completed only a few weeks earlier, on popular
activities to do in Hawaii. One activity in particular, brought up in the search, had caught my attention. It was the art of sandcastle building. When
building a sandcastle, I learned that the sky is the limit because there are a variety of different techniques and strategies that can be used. During
the last couple of days before leaving, I spent all my time on the computer researching all of the necessary steps, small details, and beneficial tips
needed to build a successful sandcastle. I had watched video after video and read article after article on how to build the ultimate sandcastle and
began to develop a plan that I could put into action when we finally were on our vacation. As I came out of my daydream, excitement built up inside
me as I looked across the horizon, at the wavy, ocean water again. I realized that the tide was low, which meant that it was the perfect
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Argumentative Essay On Beach Erosion
Every year millions of dollars of state and federal dollars are spent to essentially place tons of sand on America's beaches. This process known as
beach nourishment. Proponents often point to this method as effective way is a way to fight against beach erosion The causes of this erosion are both
manmade and natural, but regardless of the cause this process is only a stop gap that does not actually address this issue. Instead, both the federal and
state governments have spent billions of dollars over the last few decades to fight the process of erosion with unintended consequences for both the
environment and citizens.
In New Jersey alone state, local and federal agencies have spent 1.2 billion dollars over the last thirty years to dump 120 million cubic yards of sand
over the state's coastline. This high price tag is in part due to the fact that the sand that is placed on the coastline quickly erodes and a new project
must be undertaken. In fact, sand used to nourish beaches erodes at a rate that is often two to three times faster than natural sand.This creates a cycle in
which beaches are constantly needing to be renourished and does nothing to actually prevent the process of erosion. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Steve Ellis, the vice president of Taxpayers for Common Sense, said that roughly 65 percent of the cost of beach nourishment programs is paid by the
federal government and then 50 to 65 percent of the maintenance and upkeep is federally covered. This means that state's without coastlines are having
to foot the bill of a federal activity, which has benefits the tourism industry and beach front real estate of other

Investigating The Spatial Difference Between The East...
AIM:
The investigate the spatial difference between the east coast and west cost of New Zealand. Comparing Muriwai Beach with Eastern Beach
HYPOTHESIS:
A west coast beach is a destructive environment compared to an eastern coast environment which is constructive.
Introduction:
Muriwai Beach is a coastal community on the west coast of the Auckland region, in the north island of New Zealand. Muriwai is approximately
17ilometer m west of kumeu and 42 kilometre northwest of Auckland. Muriwai draws lots of surfers and fisherman.
Eastern beach is a suburb of Auckland New Zealand. It is located on the eastern city of the city centre. Its most common attraction is a popular palm
fringed beach, in summer, the temperature attracted thousands of people around Auckland.
In this internal I would like to investigate whether there is a spatial difference between Eastern Beach and Muriwa, and find out what caused the two
beaches to be different. To achieve this I will use different equipment's to help collect the data I need
Methodology:
Equipment
Stop watch
Clinometer
Ranging poles (*2)
Tape measure
Float( tennis ball or apple)
Alba wind watch
Wind o We used an Alba wind watch to record the wind speed and the direction at both the base and the top of the dunes to see if there is any
variation. We used a compass to record the direction of the wind.

Long Shore Drift o The stopwatch is used to measure whether long–shore drift occurs at eastern beach,

Population Growth Has Fueled The Demand For More Resources
Introduction
Case Studies
Population growth has fueled the demand for more resources. The demand for coastal resources has grown significantly due to over 40% of the
world's population living within 100 km of the coast. Living in Hawaii, one of the natural resources that is most valuable to society and the local
economy is access to these coastal and beach resources. At a state level, providing and improving access to coastal resources has been a priority
objective as defined by the Coastal Zone Management Act. In attempts to valuate the benefits of access to these coastal resources, the majority of
previous research has focused on the value of beach recreation in coastal regions. These studies have found that visitors' decisions on what beach to
go to are highly influenced by preferences, perceptions and the site's characteristics (Halkos & Matsiori 2012). According to this study by Halkos and
Matsiori in Greece people are more likely to be willing to pay for improvements in beach water quality, site facilities and additional beach access
points. Recent studies have taken this data one step further to valuate the economic benefits of each of these identified improvements.
In this case, in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the SMA permitting process, values must be assigned to the benefits of shoreline access. The ways
in which to determine the economic value of public beach access must be discussed to assist with our valuation methodology. The most extensive
studies

Artificial Reef Case Study
After evaluating the two suggested proposals against the main criteria of social/ political, economic and environmental it was concluded that proposal
B, to construct the artificial reef – is the most suitable option to implement at Palm Beach to ensure both short and long term health and sustainability
of the beach. Even though the artificial reef had some negatives, they were outweighed by the environmental, social and long–term economic
advantages. The artificial reef is an earth–cantered system which can be implemented as an environmentally form of economic growth, and it is a
sustainable use of resources which will ensure that Palm Beach is maintained and in good condition for future generations, therefore it is a bio–centric
environmental... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Additionally, since the destructive waves break on the reef then only the low energy, constructive waves reach theshore which makes deposition
possible therefore the beach will have the chance to naturally build up sand and widen. Even though the beach nourishment program is already
established so there are no initial costs required and the artificial reef has high construction costs, around $16.9 million to be implemented, the reef has
very low maintenance costs (to ensure it is working effectively) this is minute in comparison of the ongoing costs of the beach nourishment program.
However, with the artificial reef there may be the need to implement another program or to continue the beach nourishment program to support it. Yet,
even though there are extremely high initial costs, the artificial reef would increase tourism and support local businesses, which outweighs and
justifies the large cost as in the long term it will be economically beneficial. Also, it is aesthetically pleasing, attracts diverse marine life, improves surf
quality and recreational amenity so it will attract tourists and will take pressure off the natural reefs whilst aiding to stabilise the beach. Overall, the
implementation of an artificial reef would be effective coastal management strategy as

The Hard Engineering Solutions For Western Nations
In December 2013, a massive tidal surge flooded 1,400 homes along the east coast of the U.K., which has managed to destroy and tumble some of these
houses into the Atlantic Ocean (Carrington, 2014). Coastal erosion endangers coastal communities' livelihood and source of income thus, defending it
through efficient means is important as it stabilises the lives of the people who inhabit the coast. To efficiently protect against coastalerosion a
methodical combination of hard engineering and soft engineering solutions must be utilised. This essay will firstly discuss the hard engineering
solutions that could be used in coastal defence and then secondly the soft engineering solutions will be presented. Thirdly, how both methods can be
utilised ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
According to the National Resource Council (2014), Galveston Seawall has protected Galveston against numerous hurricanes, and it is estimated
that if the seawall were not to be in place, it would have cost the relevant authorities $234 million due to the damages made by a single hurricane.
Furthermore, as these seawalls redirect wave energy back into the sea or ocean their base is slowly eroded (Masria et al., 2015), thus requiring
constant expensive maintenance which discourages investment and therefore the usage of seawalls. Seawalls may also lead to the transportation of
sand away from the beach and into the sea which would result in the acceleration of beach erosion (National Resource Council, 2014). Overall,
seawalls are a long–term and effective yet expensive mean to protect against natural disasters that emanate from the sea. However, they may lead to
negative long–term environmental impacts such as accelerating the beach erosion process.
Groynes
Furthermore, another hard engineering method that is utilised to protect against coastal erosion is groynes. Groynes are dam–like structures built into
the shore with the purpose of blocking sediments from drifting away (Galagano, 2003). Therefore, they provide their benefit to the beach by trapping
and holding sand and sediments in the desired location and allowing adequate elevation to be maintained (Pope, 1997). The

Descriptive Essay On The Beach
We walk down old, crumbling stairs to see a white sand beach and blue, sinuous waters ahead. Every step down we take, the distinct smell of the
water enters our noses and exits clean and untouched as we inhale out. On the beach, families are sitting on their blankets and folding chairs, with
their umbrellas open to hide them from the harmful rays of the sun. Kids run around and splash each other in the cold waters of Lake Michigan. We
find a nice spot on the beach, lay down our towels, and sit down. The beach is one of the cleaner ones in New Buffalo, but pull tabs of cans, gum
wrappers, and glass lies beneath the sand. "It's a beautiful view, isn't it?" I hear someone say. A few second later, I hear loud talking behind me and
turn my head around. A new family has arrived to the beach. I see a son, a daughter, a mother, and a father. The teenage kids go and get themselves
set up on the beach, only to sit down and scroll through their social media feeds, not taking off their oversized american flag sweaters or ripped, blue
jean shorts. The parents catch up with the other family and talk about some vacation they took to the Bahamas last spring. I hear the whole story,
every detail of it to be exact, because it takes some time to learn how to block out the background noise of relatives seeing each other after a month
apart. Music, that everyone in this community knows can be heard playing on a bluetooth speaker. As I observe the moving waves, I think to myself, is
this what

From the Broadbeach study, the investigation of offshore...
From the Broadbeach study, the investigation of offshore wave conditions erosion rates and sandbar morphodynamics, show that Broadbeach
experienced some unusual experience during the study period. Given that the wave conditions on the Gold Coast were considerably less energetic,
results suggest that Broadbeach's beach is significantly vulnerable and is more easily eroded than other beaches reported. Time series of offshore
wave conditions combined with the evolution of the beach volume also suggests that the studied beach is more exposed to high erosion rates in the
presences of NE to E swell. This trend is in agreement with visual observation all along the Gold Coast. However, the second and third storm wave
events are estimated to be of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
During the first and second extreme events mentioned in the study, the 150m wide Coolangatta Beach experienced the most intense erosion because
waves did not reach the vegetated dune. The beach then recovered markedly, which can be explained by the presence of the sand bypassing system
and sheltering from he SE high waves (Castelle et al., 2007).
The evolution of measured beach volumes over the study period strongly suggests that the Gold Coast beaches are not able to withstand a powerful
succession of extreme vents. The first high–wave event strongly weakened the beaches, which did not recover before the second high–wave event of a
magnitude not unusual along the Gold Coast. However, in these two cases, the storms resulted in surprisingly high erosion rates. Data from a more
in–depth investigation of Broadbeach, using video imagery, suggest that outer bar decay, resulting in a lack of protection of the sub–aerial beach, may
explain this high erosion.
The present results show that high–energy easterly swells have a considerable destructive power on both northern and southern Gold Coast beaches.
Even though no tropical cyclone directly crossed the Gold Coast, which would have resulted in much higher–energy waves and a more severe storm
surge, the erosion measured is the most substantial of the past 30 years. The Gold Coast beaches investigated lost between 34 and 52m3/m, which, in
terms of beach nourishment, is an extremely large amount of sand. This suggests hat

Pollution Of Beachwater
Beach vacations are an annual summer event for many families. But beachgoers at polluted beaches around the country may bring back an unwanted
souvenir from their trip: ear infections, stomach flu, skin rashes, and other illnesses that are caused by polluted beachwater.
To help keep our beaches clean, NRDC supports improved beachwater testing to detect the pathogens that can cause health problems in swimmers.
Bills now pending in Congress would provide funding for much–needed beach cleanup efforts and help ensure that the public is notified promptly when
beaches are unsafe for swimming. These bills will help make sure that our beaches are safe for swimming every day.
Polluted Beaches Can Cause Health
Problems for Swimmers
Beach closings and advisories are at a record high in U.S. coastal waters because of beachwater contamination from human and animal waste. When it
rains, untreated sewage and contaminated stormwater flow into beachwaters from overflowing sewers, stormwater pipes, and treatment plant bypasses,
carrying human waste, animal waste, trash, and other bacteria–laden discharges into the water where it can make swimmers sick.
The most common health impact of this contamination is severe stomach upset, but swimmers can also get earaches, pinkeye, respiratory ailments, and
even very serious illnesses like meningitis and hepatitis. Often swimmers don't realize that their illness was contracted while swimming at a
contaminated beach.
Small children, the elderly, pregnant women, and cancer patients and others with weakened immune systems are most at risk for illness caused by
contaminated beachwater. According to the
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, children under the age of nine had more reports of diarrhea and vomiting from exposure to waterborne
parasites than any other age group
Government Activity Can Help Keep
Our Shorelines Clean
In 2000, Congress passed the Shorelines
Natural Appraisal and Beach front Wellbeing
(Shoreline) Act, which gave government reserves to state and neighborhood organizations to set up beachwater observing and open warning projects.
Since that time, each beach front state in the Unified
States, including the Incomparable Lakes and The Frozen North, has

El Nino Effects On Coastal Environments
El NiГ±o refers to the large–scale climatic relationship between the ocean and atmosphere, linked to a sporadic warming in sea temperatures across the
central and east–central Equatorial Pacific, (What are El Nino and La Nina, 2016). Effects of the El Nino typically develop over North America
before the winter months, and include warmer than average temperatures over western and central Canada and The United States. The force of El
NiГ±o can significantly influence weather patters, marine conditions, and a large proportion of coastal environments, (What are El Nino and La Nina,
2016). Relatively new information considering impacts of El NiГ±o due to warming temperatures has introduced new ideas that El NiГ±o has a direct
effect on coastal landforms in the state of California, (пїјearth a dynamic structure, 2003). Scholars argue that the presence and strengthening of the El
NiГ±o have detrimental impacts on coastal environments in California, (earth a dynamic structure, 2003; Sanders, 2016). These impacts include cliff
erosion and the collapsing of cliffs, bigger waves eroding away beaches and the coast, landslides, and sea level rise, (Richmond & Gibbs, 1998).
Coastal Erosion is a result of many physical processes occurring on earth, El NiГ±o is just one of the processes that significantly destroy coastal
landforms, but climate change plays a major role in increasing the likelihood of coastal erosion due to El NiГ±o. Research done in previous studies
identify many different

Beach Renourishment Effective
Beaches are one of the main attractions for vacationers. The thrill of laying out under a giant umbrella reading a great book, or being able to surf the
waves and get some serious tan lines brings people from all over. Those beautiful beaches not only bring in a large amount of revenue from tourists, but
also have a lot of money being pumped into them. Beach renourishment, also known as beach replenishment, is the reason so many beaches still remain
in good condition. The questions that need to be asked are what exactly is beach renourishment? Where has beach renourishment been used? Is it
effective in preventing beach erosion and is it cost effective? Beach renourishment is described as "the process of dumping or pumping sand from
elsewhere ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Preserving coastlines is important for the economy and the environment. The fact that the business world and the preservation world are on the same
page is a good indicator that maintaining beaches are important for both people and animals. The data that has been collected by both parties, thus far
will hopefully bring a more cost effective and more long term solution for beach replenishment. So the beach bums and the sea life may continue to
enjoy one of the most beloved landscape for generations to

Pros And Cons Of Beach Nourishment
Report #3–Multiple Perspectives In this paper, I will address three different perspectives related to the topic of beach nourishment. The first debate is
that beach nourishment is feasible and environmentally excepted method, to reduce storm and flooding risk. The second perspective is that beach
Nourishment is a costly and temporary fix. Third perspective is Beach nourishment does more damage then it prevents, it merely exists to protect the
homes of the wealthy, while damaging the habitats of many beach dwelling species. Below I will show three different perspectives of beach
nourishment. The first perspective is beach nourishment is a feasible and environmentally excepted method, to reduce storm and flooding risks. Beach
nourishment is a shoreline protection program, which are regularly monitored there are a number of guidelines, published by the Corps of Engineers, "
Native Beach Assessment Techniques for Beach Fill Design" also jointly prepared by the Environmental Protection Agency. When starting a beach
nourishment project, the company hired to do so must obtain a permit. Laws and regulations governing the protection of the environment, water
quality, endangered, species, and historic properties also play a role on the beach nourishment project. Along with the guidelines written by the Corps
of Engineers, they also must comply with the National Environmental policy... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Dr.Pikley mentions, beach Nourishment is only a temporary fix and actually speeds up erosion. They set the beach higher and this causes the break
point for the wave to break sooner then it would, which as an effect slams in to the newly nourished beach harder then it would with a gradual slope or
natural slope. My third perspective, Beach nourishment does more damage then it prevents, it merely exists to protect the homes of the wealthy, while
damaging the habitats of many beach dwelling

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Coastal Management
WHAT IS COASTAL MANAGEMENT?
Coastal management refers to the technique in which natural features of the coast are maintained and protected from the threats of coastal erosion and
coastal flooding.
"Successful management of coastal areas depends on understanding the different uses of coastal land and the physical processes impacting on the coast,
such as erosion and longshore drift" (BBC, 2014 "GSCE BITESIZE: CONFLICT OF INTEREST").
TYPES OF COASTAL MANAGEMENT
Chart #1: showing the types of coastal management
пѓ Hard Engineering
This is the structural approach and refers to the construction of engineered structures to defend or reduce the erosive effects of wave actions.
According to (BBC, 2014 "GCSE BITESIZE: ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
4.CONSTRUCTING GABIONS
Cheap and efficient.
Shorter life span than a sea wall.
Visually unattractive.
TABLE #1: showing advantages and disadvantages of methods in hard engineering.
пѓ Soft Engineering
Beach Nourishment
"Beach nourishment is the process of dumping or pumping sand from elsewhere onto an eroding shoreline to create a new beach or to widen the

existing beach" (Barber, 1961). Photo #5: showing beach nourishment. Taken from http://www.escp.org.uk/sites/default/files/gallery
/Marine%20Based%20Beach%20Nourishment.jpg Relocation of property
This strategy is used to protect manmade features such as buildings by relocating them and letting nature reclaim the beach in its own time.
Planting of Mangroves
This is where mangroves are planted to trap sediments and reduce coastal

Terrigal-Coastal Management
Part 1 The geographical processes that are occurring at the Terrigal beach area are: * Erosion, which is effecting: * The Skillion, mainly the
headland and rock platform, which is part of a preserved area of land known as "the Haven" which also contains the rugby oval. The man type of
erosion that affects this is from the sea. * The sand dunes on the beaches. This area is affected by wind erosion as well as the tides if adequate
vegetative cover is not present. The main type of erosion, from the sea, takes the sand from the sand dunes as well as the rest of the beach in a rip.
The sand is then pulled out to sea where it forms a sand bar. On calmer days, the sand is brought back to the beach. * Storm damage can affect coastal...
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* Continued stabilization of the frontal dune through various methods for the past fifteen years. * The efforts of "Wamberal–Terrigal Beach Protection
Group" have been mostly successful. Although a small part of the front dune that was covered in spinifex grass has been lost, the erosion at
Wamberal would have been significantly worse. * "Terrigal Lagoon Bushcare" * What the group has been doing to help and promote sustainability in
the Terrigal beach area: * The group is mostly focused on maintaining the vegetation of the various lagoons in the Terrigal area. As a result, most of
their actions relate to the maintenance of the lagoons. The kind of things they do include: * Restoring lagoon–side bush * Removing weeds and
non–native plants * Planting suitable trees, shrub, grass, etc. * The efforts of "Terrigal Lagoon Bushcare" have been largely successful in keeping the
lagoons around Terrigal ecosystems. Their actions have helped the native plants compete with the introduced species. * What individuals have been
doing to help and promote sustainability: * Stopped building on dangerous areas, usually sand dunes. * Started various community groups in order to
help maintain and protect various aspects of Terrigal and encouraging others to join. * Insuring all property owned if living in an area of risk *

The Danger in the Sea: Negative Human Impacts on Marine...
Turtles have been around for about 230 million years (Dobbs 1). In that time, they have seen the rise and fall of the dinosaurs and the rise of mankind.
Marine turtles have been around for about 65 million years (Dobbs 1). This family has withstood the test of time and is being threatened by human's
impact on the sea. All six of the marine turtles occurring on the shores of America are at least threatened. Marine turtles are very important to the
ecosystem but humans are endangering this family directly and indirectly; if humans do not stop their destructive habits, we may lose the influence of
marine turtles on the earth's seas. Marine turtles play an important role in the ocean's ecology and without turtles we may see an ecological... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Ancient Romans and ancient Greeks used turtle scutes for combs and brushes used mainly by the Upper class (Musick 5). "The Moche people of
ancient Peru worshipped the sea and its animals. On many occasions marine turtles were depicted" (Shore). Marine turtle's habitats are always being
altered. Either they are lost for human recreation or altered by human structures. Turtles are affected by these habitat alterations in a variety of negative
ways. Beach armoring is hardened structures that are built to protect sand dune properties (Musick 389). Beach armoring, if ridged enough, are
detrimental to the nesting turtle's ability to go to the nesting sites (Musick 389). This can make the nesting turtle decide not to nest that particular year.
The biggest threat of beach armoring is the nesting area loss (Musick 389). Beach nourishment is another way the marine turtle's habitat is altered.
Beach nourishment is where humans dump or pump sand onto eroded beaches (Musick 389). This usually only happens on more developed beaches.
Beach nourishment is better than beach armoring, but it replaces rather than maintains the original nesting sites (Musick 390). Beaches that have been
nourished may have high levels of clay, silt, and shell that make it too compact for hatchlings to get out off the nest (Musick 390). Different elements
in the pumped or dumped sand may have an effect on the sex of the hatchling; since the sex is

Erosion of Shorelines Essays
Erosion of Shorelines
The erosion of shorelines is a natural process that can have beneficial or adverse impacts on the creation and maintenance of habitats. Sands and
gravels eroded from the shores of coastal bays maintain the beach as a natural barrier between the open water and coastal wetlands. Beaches move
back and forth onshore, offshore and along shore with changing wave conditions. The finer–grained silts and clays derived from the erosion of
shorelines are sorted and carried as far as the waters of wetlands or tidal flats, where benefits are derived from addition of the new material. However,
excessively high sediment loads can smother submerged aquatic vegetation beds, cover shellfish beds and tidal flats, fill in riffle ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
The longshore drift shapes the coastline by carrying sand from sites of high wave activity to those of low wave activity. The volume of sand carried
away from or delivered to different points along the coast can be as much as 2,000 cubic meters per day (71,000 cubic feet), enough sand to fill an
Olympic–sized swimming pool (Nepf).
The seepage of ground water and the overland flow of surface water runoff also contribute to the erosion of shorelines (http://www.epa.gov/OWOW
/NPS/MMGI/Chapter6/ch6–4.html). The role of ground water is most important wherever permeable subsurface layers of sand are exposed in high
bluffs along coastal bays. In these areas, the seepage of ground water into the waterway can cause erosion at the point of exit. The surface flow of
upland runoff can also dislodge sediments through the creation of rills and gullies on the shoreline banks and bluffs (http://www.epa.gov/OWOW/NPS
/MMGI/Chapter6/ch6–4.html).
Some amount of natural erosion is necessary to provide the sediment for beaches in estuaries and coastal bays. However, excessive erosion has
occurred in the past due to development. Industrial and private development along the world's coastlines has increased dramatically since the 1970s
(Nepf). Developers and builders completed much of this construction without taking into account the effects of coastal erosion. New buildings were
often placed too close to the existing shoreline so that

Australian Coastal Beaches Analysis
Coastal engineering is an increasing field of importance due to the growing population in coastal areas and the trend of moving to coastal
communities. Currently over 90% of Australians live within the narrow and dynamic coastal fringe (Mariani & Turner 2013). Approximately one
half of the Australian coastline consists of sandy beaches and it is projected that they will be the worst impacted by the predicted global warming
(Cooke et al. 2013). Increasingly, sandy beaches are being squeezed between rising sea levels and extreme weather events on the seaward side and
coastal infrastructure on the landward side (Cooke et al. 2013). Erosion, accretion and retreat are all naturally occurring environmental processes,
however coastal development has

Coastal Management Long Reef Notes Geography Essay
Coastal management The aim of this report is to investigate Long Reef and Collaroy Beach's coastal management. Sand Dunes The Importance of
Vegetation Sand dunes are a valid indication of the quality of the soil and the surrounding ocean. When vegetation is established in sand dunes, it
stabilises it– i.e. gives the dunes structure. This structure helps prevent erosion by using the plant life to trap the sand. Without these plants (and
ultimately the sand dunes) sand will be subject to many natural forces without protection, meaning any major storm could theoretically remove large
amounts of sand from the beach with no natural means of replenishing it. Long Reef Beach is commendable in the amount of vegetation it has produced.
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Impact of Natural Disasters Natural disasters are considered harmful in terms of coastal management and can often cause years of work to be wiped
out. It can take large amounts of sand from the beach and remove plant life. Collaroy Beach has been a victim of such natural disasters. A large storm
back in 1945 caused Collaroy Beach to empty out a large percentage of its sand and damaged many structures. Collaroy Beach's local council,
Warringah Council, has taken action to prevent storm damage in the future. A revetment wall has been established on the sand dunes so waves do not
cause as much damage to the dunes behind. Warringah has also purchased properties that were residential and cleared them, so that a storm will not
damage as many structures. Coastal Management Sand Nourishment Sand nourishment refers to the replacement of sediment on beaches that has
previously been lost, generally through natural processes. It is a commonly used practice in coastal management. Collaroy Beach uses sand
nourishment as longshore drift has moved sand, which cannot be replenished as there are rock formations preventing sediment from refilling the beach.
Collaroy Beach also does not have an established dune system, and cannot trap sand. Management Plan A management plan

Manly Beach Research Report
Cammeraygal High School Sam Babus HOW TO SAVE THE COAST– research report Term Two | Geography | Due Date: 4th June, 2018
CONTENTS PAGE Introduction ............................................................................................Page 1 1.1Impacts and causes on Manly Beach 1.21.1.2
Physical impacts on Manly Beach.......................................................Page 1 – 2 1.3Environmental impacts on Manly
Beach.......................................................Page 2 1.4Social and economic impact on Manly Beach..............................................Page 2 1.2 Solutions to
solve the problems that is occurring on Manly.....................Page 3 1.2.1 Sand nourishment projects.............................................................................Page
3 1.2.2 Pollution problem solution .............................................................................Page 3 Conclusion
...............................................................................................................Page... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Jude Furniss, president of the Surf Rider Foundation Manly, states that "it is raising awareness of plastic pollution." Conclusion: Climate change is
proving to have a severe negative impact on our coastlines. Manly Beach is a very precious beach to Australians because of its physical, environmental,
cultural, social and economic values. The NSW government and the local council are now acting to protect Manly Beach from further coastal erosion.
If no action is taken, we may lose our beach totally and that would be disastrous to the people, the land and the ecosystem. Beach nourishment is one
way of replenishing our beach. However, more need to be done, such as habitat protection and refurbishment projects to restore the health of our coastal
ecosystems. This requires planning, funding and time. Bibliography Legislation.nsw.gov.au. (2018). NSW Legislation. [online] Available at: https:/
/www.legislation.nsw.gov.au/#/view/act/2016/20 [Accessed 22 May 2018]. NSW Environment & Heritage. (2018). Coastal management framework.
[online] Available at: http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/topics/water/coasts/coastal
–management/coastal–management–framework [Accessed 22 May

Business Plan: Surf and Skate Shop
Business Plan: Surf and Skate Shop
I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY If I were to start my own business, my dream would be to build a surf and skate shop on the Southern California coast.
My business would be located on beachfront property in the surrounding area. This business plan will cover two main subjects, 1: an Analysis of the
Business Situation, and 2: the Planned Operation of the proposed business. The first topic will cover the subtopics Trading Area Analysis and
Competition in the area for my business. The second main topic will cover the proposed organization of the business, the proposed business, and
proposed strategies for that business. The analysis of the business situation will cover geographic and demographic information for ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
TRADING AREA ANALYSIS
The city of Huntington Beach, California, is a major tourist center of attraction, due to its location near Los Angeles, and its beautiful beaches.
Geographically, my business' proposed location in the ideal situation would be on beachfront property in Huntington Beach, CA. If property of this
type was unavailable, I would choose to locate my business in a downtown center of commerce. Demographically, the area is very prosperous, as in
the 2000 census 189,594 people lived in the city, with those from ages 15 to 24 amassing to 55,651 people. That makes about 30% of the people
currently living in Huntington in my target age–range of 15–35. My target market's income range would be about $50,000 per year, that being 20.6%
(9,913) of the population. Retail sales per capita in 2000 were around $8,798, and totally amounted to $1,700,614,100. The average tourist in the year
2004 spent $107.70 per day in Orange County, and 2,750,652 people visited Huntington Beach in 2004. These aspects would allow for an extremely
prosperous business.
b.COMPETITORS
My primary competitors in the ideal location of Tyler's Surf N' Turf are Huntington Surf and Sport, Jack's Surfboards, and the Newport Surf School.
These three businesses share the main advantages of good reputations. They have obtained high status in the community through offering quality goods
and services, and participating in tourist events. My shop would need to showcase the most excellent service to

Analyzing Coastal Management Strategies Essay
Analyzing Coastal Management Strategies Coastal Management strategies need to consider not only physical processes but also factors associated
with human geography. Analyse why this is the case. Coastal management is a means of controlling development and change in the coastal zone and
undertaking work according to agreed principles and criteria. By taking into account physical and human geography factors and people who come from
the local areas views will help to ensure that there is good coastal management strategy. There are usually three stages in a management strategy,
understanding the... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These are things such as sea walls, groynes and revetments. Other hard engineering techniques are things such as the dumping of boulders and sub
surface drainage When deciding what coastal management scheme to put in place whether it a sea wall or an area to hold flood water, the people
undertaking the project must look at possible solutions that would be best in relation to physical factors the chosen scheme will be the best scheme
to limit or stop the thing that is occurring. They are likely to take into account the rock type in the area the height of land, shape of the land and the
cause of the problem. Possible and reasonable solutions would be put forward and the best solution in relation to the physical geography is likely to
be put in place. On top of the physical considerations come the human considerations these are things such as are they going to cause unsightly views
is it going to cause conflict between local people and the local government. Human Factors that effect whether a coastal management scheme is put
into place would be things such as, how many people will it be protecting, what type of properties will it be protecting, (the more expensive properties
that are in the area the more likely it is that the area will have a coastal management scheme put in place.) I believe that it is important for all coastal

Geography Cronulla Essay
Outline the geographical processes relevant to the management of the Cronulla, Wanda and Kurnell area.
The Cronulla, Kurnell and Wanda region sites are ecologically and culturally significant. The Cronulla, Wanda and Kurnell areas are filled with
beautiful beaches, magnificent headlands and various other wonderful features, being well over 15000 years old this region showcases some
magnificent attractions. These regions however are now faced with issues regarding enviromental degradation and habitat endangerment. There are
many issues however some of the more significant problems are erosion, longshore drift and high rise development. There are three key factors in the
geographical processes that affect the coastal enviroments. There ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Erosion is unfortuanately present at Cronulla beach, the local government have tried to tackle this problem with solution such as dune stabilization and
rip rap walls. Rip rap walls are when larged rocks are piled in a certain angle to catch drifting sand and protect the beaches from harsher waves and to
protect buildings from high tides. There are also many programs which help to ensure the stabilization of dunes, these include the planting of new
vegetation to combat erosion, fencing and designated walkways to prevent human interference. The main reason of dune stabilization is to slow
down the speed of erosion. In 1974 the Cronulla beaches were at an all time low and was in a critical state, from this the University of New South
Wales designed a new wall, a wall which is different from the conventional walls used to prevent erosion and transportation with these hexagonal
concrete blocks weigh well over a tonne each to be used as a line of defence agiasnt the waves and erosion. These concrete walls over a period of time
have increased the size of the beach. Enviromental organisations have tried there best to limit the amount of man made deveoplment on coastal lads
and many schools participating in annual events to protect and save the sand dunes. The government has also

Year 10 Geography Research Report
YEAR 10 GEOGRAPHY RESEARCH REPORT:
Introduction:
Cronulla is a beachside suburb in southern Sydney, it is located 34.0574В° S, 151.1522В° E which is 26 kilometres south of the Sydney CBD (see
figure 2). It is governed by the Sutherland Shire Council. Cronulla's coastal environment is on the Kurnell Peninsula, which is made up of a tombolo.
A tombolo is a sand spit connecting a rocky outcrop or island to the mainland. So this forms a barrier between Botany Bay and Bate Bay. The two areas
of study visited were Wanda Beach and the Greenhills Beach development.
A healthy dune system contains a primary and secondary dune defined by the start of vegetation as you progress from the swash and berm. The
vegetation helps stabilise the landform helping to protect it from erosion, it also helps the soil in the secondary dune to become more stable and erosion
resistant. The decaying plant material creates humus which makes the soil more nutrient allowing greater plant diversity.
At Wanda Beach, the tall trees and scrubs act as a windbreaker which further protects the sand formation. According to the field work results collected
using the anemometer (see figure 3), the Aeolian processes at the front and the top of the primary dune is where the wind speed is highest. So it is
important to plant plants such as the hairy spinifex to stabilise the sand due to its expansive root system and its ability to survive low water conditions.
Management Strategies:
The Cronulla coastal environment

Cronulla Beach Research Assignment
Cronulla Beach is a popular tourist attraction and attracts many beachgoers from all over Sydney. It is located on a southern Sydney peninsular,
surrounded by Botany Bay to the north, Bate Bay to the east, Port Hacking to the south, and Gunnamatta Bay to the west. On the 14th of March 2011,
year 10 went to Cronulla Beach to investigate how people use and interact with the coastal environment. We investigated three main things and they
were: * What impacts local residents and businesses have on Cronulla Beach. * How people are using Cronulla Beach. * What management strategies
have been put in place to minimise human impacts at Cronulla Beach. Just from judging from this survey you can probably conclude that South... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Because of the cost involved, beach nourishment is only used where other strategies prove to be ineffective. Beach Nourishment: Beach
nourishment is the physical transfer of sand from an area of excess to where it is being eroded. This often involves dredging and transport of sand
by truck or through pipeline. Because of the cost involved, beach nourishment is only used where other strategies prove to be ineffective. 1. What
impacts have local residents and businesses had on Cronulla Beach? The real impact regarding local residents and businesses on Cronulla beach
is their influence on the government as well as their input and suggestions on points of improvement for the Beach. After all, these are the people
that are going to be affected the most from any changes occurring. For example the sea wall at Cronulla Beach is not the most attractive thing, yes
it is highly beneficial but the local residents and businesses that have to look at it all the time, may not be as pleased as the government is with the
idea. It also needs to be taken into consideration that future development doesn't impact on their property value, access to the beach or coastal
views. 2. How are people using Cronulla Beach? On the first page of my report, there is a recreational survey that year 10 recorded regarding how
people are using Cronulla Beach. We noticed the public were using the beach for a wide range of

McGregor and Big Sandy Lake, Minnesota Essays
McGregor and Big Sandy Lake, Minnesota
My favorite place to be would be the city and are of McGregor Minnesota. About eight miles north of the small town is Big Sandy Lake, which is
where my cabin is located. This is truly my favorite place to be, especially during the warm summer months.
McGregor, a small town of only about four hundred people, is located in a wooded area with many lakes, streams and river. The biggest lake is Big
Sandy and is approximately seven thousand acres of water area.
It would be fair to say that McGregor is a summer town. The town and its population depend heavily on the financial income that Big Sandy and other
lakes draw in the summer. McGregor has no big industry nearby and there are not too ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It's almost as if you are swimming in beer. My favorite thing about the lake is that the lake floor is pure sand. I hate going into a lake and having
bottom be all mucky. The sand floor of Big Sandy feels wonderful on the feet, and this is where the name Big Sandy came from. The lake also has
beautiful shorelines. Most often the shores lead into sloping hills full of trees, but there are a few areas with natural sand beaches that stretch for
hundreds of yards. Wildlife is always in abundance at Big Sandy. Everything from bears, deer (which I have actually seen swimming in the lake on a
couple of occasions, to huge eagles, hawks, and turkey vultures. Fishing is also excellent for most kinds of fish in Minnesota, and there are some big
uns in there as well (just last summer I saw a huge Northern Pike sticking its head out of the water).
Big Sandy has some history to it as well. There is an Island called Battle Island, and this is where the Chippewa drove the Sioux out of the area for
good in one big battle in the year 1777. An interesting thing about this is that experts say that a part of the lake leading to the island wasn't underwater
back then.
Things are quite different now around Big Sandy than they were back then. The area around the lake has been quite developed and shows no signs of
slowing down. Cabins are being put up left and right. Every time I visit there seems to be a handful of new places that have

Palm Beach Nourishment Research Paper
OptionsAdvantages and disadvantagesSocial/
PoliticalEconomicEnvironmental
A – Continue current coastal management strategies in terms of the beach nourishment program.
The beach nourishment process is sand being dredged from one location (in terms of palm beach from Currumbin and Tallebudgera creek) and pumped
onto a different beach (palm beach).
This strategy also requires dune restoration which is the process of building dunes and plating vegetation on them so they look natural. + positives
Sewall
Dredging
Pumping
– bypass – 50,000 cubic metres of sand for the replenishment of palm beach (Council of the City of Gold Coast, 2013)
– Helps to protect exposed infrastructure behind the beach such as surf clubs, car parks and beach front ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is because the sand on the northern side is trapped.
– Erosion will still occur.
B –construct an artificial reef off the shoreline of palm beach to minimise the impact of beach erosion to the beach. An artificial reef is a human made
underwater structure that mimics the characteristics of a natural reef. Artificial reefs are commonly made from old tires, cinder blocks and geotextile
sand bags. In terms of palm beach it would be implemented to control erosion.
Artificial reef is built from boulders which are easily accessible and reasonably cheap (Moore,

Civilian Conservation Corps: Saving The Lighthouse
It became clear that if nothing was done, the lighthouse would soon be engulfed by the ocean. Civilian Conservation Corps, under the leadership of
the National Park Service, began looking for a solution to save the lighthouse. It was believed that pumping in sand dunes was an inexpensive and
effective solution at the time. In the 1930s the Civilian Conservation Corps began building a sand dune barrier along Hatteras Island but today's
scientists reason that while the dunes helped with minor storms, they did not stop the rising sea level and beach erosion. Sheet pile groins were also
installed to slow down the beach erosion. In 1966 over 300,000 cubic yards of sand was taken from the Pamlico Sound and placed in front of the
lighthouse, but the

Descriptive Essay On A Dreamy Island
Imagine a place of pure bliss, where time is seemingly endless, simplicity is valued and relaxation is a top priority. In our everyday lives where
stress is customary and chaos is routine, it is hard to visualize a place of such carefreeness. I too believed there could be no such place until I found
it for myself. When I close my eyes and imagine, I can still clearly hear the gentle splash of the waves lapping the shoreline, and feel the slight ocean
breeze whizz through my hair, sending it flying in every direction. During phases of anxiety and trouble, there is one place in particular that my heart
longs to be. Marco Island, Florida.
My father proposed the idea of vacationing on Marco Island before the summer of 2016 after hearing multiple people rave to him about the
breathtaking beaches and unforgettable experiences. My mother and I had never heard of Marco Island, but after five short minutes of browsing
through images online of the picturesque island, we were instantly captivated and could not wait to see it for ourselves. After what seemed like an
eternity of waiting for our trip to commence, we finally arrived on the dreamy island. Grinning from ear to ear, we buckled ourselves into the rental
car, feeling anxious to explore. Unlike in Missouri, glossy green palm trees lined every street, which made us feel like we had entered an alternate
universe. Rather than staying at a hotel, we rented a beach house that was supposedly only a six–minute walk from Marco

The Golden Beach And Shelly Beach
The places that are being investigated for erosion are Golden Beach, Kings Beach and Shelly Beach. When considering what suitable coastal
management strategies could be used in this area to protect the built–up area of private homes, high rise buildings, tourist facilities and the nearby
commercial area of Golden Beach shopping center with positive environmental outcomes being mangroves and dunal re–vegetation, positive aesthetic
outcomes being looks more natural and relocation of more animal species. The positive economic outcome of the Golden Beach area is that its
cheaper and protects from the wind, but the negative is that it takes longer, and the positive social factor is that it gives space to walk dogs and
provides more areas to... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The sources that were found to assist in the building of this report were as follows; the additional resources booklet that was given by Mrs. Mansfield,
Chapter 4 – Managing change in coastal environments form the geography textbook, Dunal explanation sheet, The earth charter, http:/
/ www.ehp.qld.gov.au/coastalmanagement/, www.goldcoast.qld.gov.au (used for comparison of the different management strategies that used between
our coasts), www.sunshinecoast.qld.gov.au, www.ehp.qld.gov.au. As I can remember, there was no bias throughout any of these sources, they simply
state recommendations, explanations of coastal landforms etc. These sources were very relevant because they extended my understanding of coastal
management and helped in developing reasonable strategies to keep our valuable coast landforms. The places that are being investigated for erosion are
Golden Beach, Kings Beach and Shelly Beach. When considering what suitable coastal management strategies could be used in this area to protect the
built–up area of private homes, high rise buildings, tourist facilities and the nearby commercial area of Golden Beach shopping center with positive
environmental outcomes being mangroves and dunal re–vegetation, positive aesthetic outcomes being looks more natural and relocation of more
animal species. "The existing wide shallow sand banks in the passage will further protect Golden Beach and rock walls are not likely to be needed.
Sections of

A Perfect Summer At The Beach
A Perfect Summer at the Beach
The sun peeked through my bedroom window; time to get up! The day was warm and gorgeous. It was the perfect weather to go to the beach. I woke
up early and prepare our breakfast, so we can eat first before we leave. I can smell the eggs and bacon sizzling in a pan. The aroma of freshly brewed
coffee makes my day complete. The pancake oozing with butter and maple syrup is ready to serve. I also prepare a fresh squeezed orange juice for
the kids. When I was cooking everybody is starting to wake up. We are planning to go to the Narragansett beach with thefamily. Everything is all
packed and ready to go. The kids are very excited; they help me to organize all the stuff that we needed since last night. After we eat our breakfast the
kids immediately go to their bedroom and change for their cutest swimwear attire. While my fiancГ© and I started to pack everything in the car.
We arrive on time at my father–in–law's house. As we expected my sister–in–law Kylie is late again. She never been on time whenever we have a
family gathering. The funny part is she is the one who suggested that we should meet in my father–in–law's house around 9:30 in the morning but she
never made it on time. While we are waiting, I finally had a glimpse of my father–in–law's apartment; it was nice, simple, and neat. I noticed how
blissful he was when he is giving me a tour of his house. He showed me his bedroom with a flat screen television, the living room with a nice and cozy

Brevard's Barrier Island: A Case Study
Background: The roughly 39.4 miles of Brevard's barrier island show archeological evidence of human habitation for thousands of years. However, it
wasn't until modern times, that humans built permanent structures and roads on these geological structures that, by natural design, respond to wind,
currents and rising sea level by migrating landward or drowning (Duran Vincent & Moore, 2015). This concern is a manmade problem due to our
construction on a geologically unstable island. Our beaches are formed by the erosion of offshore rocks and promontories. The fine size crystals of
quartz and other material are carried onshore by waves and deposited on the beach. Numerous methods have been attempted, with varying degrees of
success to combat... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the realm of attempts to stave off coastal erosion and the impact of sea level rise, there are generally two categories of accepted proposals: soft and
hard solutions.
Soft solutions are commonly considered more environmentally friendly, but tend to be less effective than hard solutions are:
Planting sea oats, beach grass and other native vegetation to stabilize the dune line. These efforts are effective only in areas where the dune line remains
in public or county owned areas. Hotels and private residential structures have frequently been built on the dunes. Thus there would be gaps in
vegetation planting lessening the overall effectiveness. Also, this mitigation strategy slows the drifting of dunes, it does not prevent water caused
erosion or destruction of the dune lines resulting in repeated replanting.
Lining the shore with biodegradable jute bags: These bags capture wave energy but still allow sand to drift naturally along the coast. There is concern
that these jute bags can cause damage to the local ecology and are unsightly when decomposing which can have a negative impact on

Beach Erosion Essay
In December 2013, a massive tidal surge flooded 1,400 homes along the east coast of the U.K., which has managed to destroy and tumble some of
these houses into the Atlantic Ocean. Over the next century, it is estimated that estates worth over 1 billion pounds will be lost due to the effects of
coastal erosion. And within the next 20 years, over 800 estates will be lost. Coastal erosion is the reduction of material attached to the coastline by
various natural or man led activities; coastal erosion leads to the landward retreat of the coast. Coastal erosion endangers coastal civilisations'
livelihood and source of income thus, defending it through efficient means is important as it stabilises the lives of the people who inhabit the coast. To
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The groyne field was placed in conjunction with beach nourishment projects to stabilise a shore that was eroding at a gradual rate before the groynes
were built. Between 1929 and 1977, the shoreline remained relatively stable. However, after 1977, the groynes became increasingly ineffective, and
the shoreline began eroding at much higher rates due to lack of maintenance. Today, the groynes are in poor shape and have occasionally been flanked
at their landward ends(?). Several massive winter storms have since induced severe beach erosion and threatened to reverse the achievements of the
protective measures put into place in Bethany Beach. Furthermore, a 147–year record of shoreline positions from 1850–1997 was used to evaluate the
effectiveness of the groyne field at Bethany Beach and assess its impact on the adjacent beaches. The results indicate that the combination of the
groyne field and beach fill have effectively stabilised the beach for nearly 50 years. However, the deterioration of the groynes and a series of large
winter storms has resulted in increased beach erosion over the last 20 years in spite of multiple large–scale beach nourishment projects. This analysis
also indicates that the combination of methods would fail without the groynes receiving constant and efficient maintenance, regardless of whether the
beach nourishment projects are continued or not. Although the

Descriptive Essay About Summer Vacation
"Hooray!" I shouted, I am so excited about today. Why am I so enthusiastic you may ask, because today is the first day of summer vacation.We were on
our way to the beach Every year me and my family visit the beach for a whole month. So as you can see there is much to be excited about. As we
drove along I could barely wait, I could smell the fresh, salty ocean air. I asked my parents "are we there yet." They replied with one word, yes! This
year in particular is extra exciting because we are going to rent a new beach house. We had arrived as I leapt up out of the car to my dismay the new
beach house wasn't as great as I had anticipated.
My parents and I went for a walk around town. As I was dragged into the Pirate Museum I listened to stories of the pirates and their treasure. The stories
were not at all what I had expected they surprisingly were very interesting. One story in particular was the most interesting about pirates who had
supposedly buried their treasure on this very beach. When we returned home I went outside searched for more about this new found buried
treasure. I felt the hot, dry rough grains of sand on my feet. As I searched I heard someone call out "hey what are you doing." As I looked up I saw
the face of the kid from the beach house down the street. I replied, "I am looking for the buried treasure."The kids name was Joe and he wanted to
help me on my quest. We decided that the next day we would look for clues around town.
The next day we split up and looked for clues I went to learn more from the Pirates Museum and it's workers and he asked around people town and
looked for other places that might help. From my second trip at the museum, I was told much more about the pirates who sailed the deadly ocean
seas. I could practically feel the windy, cold rough seas of the ocean. I learned this city used to be the hideout for the pirates, and that there was
also a map hidden somewhere to lead you to the treasure. Part of the map was kept here in a secret room but the rest was yet to be found. I was
overjoyed with this incredible news and ran quickly to tell Joe. If we found the rest of the map we could find the treasure. I saw my new friend Joe
walking towards me, he had also

Descriptive Essay On A Day At The Beach
Traveling the distance for a day of no school, work and responsibilities for a quick getaway, is the medication to a happy lifestyle. So we set off a
trip to a destination that is worry free. The long car ride is spent singing to our favorite throwback songs and arguing about the dumbest of things,
like who ate the last slice of pizza the night before or maybe even who left the seat up last. All of which are moments worth a chuckle. When we
finally arrive at the wonderful place, the first breath of fresh air is taken as the door to our white suburban is opened and we come into contact
with the grounds of Pismo Beach. With the help of the seven individuals that poured out of the cramped car; we start to unpack the trunk with
gadgets that are needed for the day to begin. Ice chests, sand buckets, shovels, foldable chairs, towels and a radio, all come along with us in our
journey for a day at the beach. Immediately it is noticed that there is a drastic change in temperatures as it dropped a couple degrees from how it
felt back home. The breeze here fills my skin with goosebumps that the short hairs on my arms stand up as it is too cold for normalcy. The wind
also elevates the grainy sand to reach the height of my head, and the particles become a part of my tangled brunette hair, where later it will almost
become impossible to get every single sand bit out of the barkish stands. Heading down to the oceanside, we choose a section to set up. Towels are
thrown on the surface of the beach. Sandwiches are in the factory of "Momma's kitchen" being prepared for the hungry stomachs of my siblings and
I. After filling out human gas tanks, it's time to get a feel of the finest, Pismo Beach. Buckets are filled with sand because it is time to build unstable
castles and mansions that is a representation of our ideal home when we grow up. My dad will think it's cool acting like the hulk, stomping around
our masterpiece and burning it down to the core, smooshing together the damp sand, with the only thing left is the stamp of his size thirteen foot. And
us. rolling in the sand laughing at the character he played so carelessly. The scene he created, the laugh we felt in our stomachs, are all just part of
why we love so much about

Palm Beach Coastal Management Report
1.0INTRODUCTION
The coastal management programs are very important for many reasons such as, to protect homes and businesses from being damaged and even
destroyed by coastal erosion or flooding. This report will be investigating social, political, economic and environmental the natural coastal processes
which are currently taking place at Palm Beach, such as longshore drift and erosion and will also focus on the impact of human disruption to natural
processes. The site that was chosen to investigate was Palm Beach on the Gold Coast. While the students were at the excursion they took note of the
current states of vegetation, wind speeds, primary dune developments as well as longshore drift to assess the beach and to try and find a suitable
management strategy for the future. The two proposals were, A: continue current costal management strategies in terms of the Beach Nourishment
Program which results in sand being pumped onto the beach and B: Construct an Artificial Reef off the shoreline of Palm Beach to minimize the
impact of beach erosion to the beach. These two proposals were then examined and evaluated against the criteria of social, political, environmental and
economic ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This includes primary sources which were gathered from the area of study and secondary sources which was research that was conducted prior to and
following the excursion. (Refer to Figure One)
Figure 1 – Primary and Secondary Sources
Primary SourcesSecondary Sources
–Surveys
–Anemometer – device used to measure wind speed and direction
–Coastal Processes Central Gold Coast Field Work Booklet
–Photographs taken at Palm Beach
–Video footage taken at Palm Beach at time of event
–Field sketch
–Identification of vegetation
–Fore dune length measurements
–Longshore drift measurement – orange activity
–Wave height and frequency

Coastal Management In Hastings
Hypothesis Coastal Management in Hastings is effective economically, socially, environmentally and is sustainable for the future.
Hastings was chosen as an area to investigate coastal management because they had three types of hard and soft engineering. Secondly, it has a tourist
industry that can be investigated. Thirdly, it has Shoreline Management Plan so the plan can be evaluated. Lastly, it Ties in withtourism and coastal
parts of GCSE syllabus that are familiar and understood
Key Concepts
Longshore drift is movement of sediment along the coastline. The prevailing wind blows waves carrying sediment into the beach at an angle, the
waves break on the shore and as the water runs back into the sea it carries the sediment back down the beach, perpendicular to the angle. This will
lead to a zigzag motion (/////) as ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Soft engineering is working with nature by using natural materials or allowing nature to take back areas. some examples of this is beach nourishment
is the process of dumping or pumping sand from elsewhere onto an eroding shoreline which is to create a new beach or to widen the existing
beach,this technique is natural and makes the waves lose power travelling across it,However it dosen't last very long and It does not stop erosion,it
simply gives the erosional forces (usually waves) something else to erode for awhile,another type of soft engineering is managed retreat which is
where Areas of the coast are allowed to erode and flood naturally,this makes the land become an marsh,slowing waves and reducing ersoion,however
land is lost. Another type of coastal management is hard engineering involves building structures to protect the coast. Some examples of this is a sea
wall,which is a wall set up to prevent the sea eroding an area of land,thishelps prevent flooding,however waves bounce off the wall and scour the beach
removing

Adelaide's Beach Case Study
Management strategies of Adelaide's beach have been taking through many activities. Management response for the loss of coastal sedimentation could
start with the consideration of adapting the backshore to allow natural erosion to continue.
There are some management recommendation that could reduce the impact of coastal environment and long– term coastal and marine conservation.
Technical Strategies
Dune vegetation is needed for stabilize the force in the dynamic nature of large sand dunes, such as at Port Noarlunga beach. Community based
management for mitigation of costal hazard and climate change could be an effective solution for dune management.
Larger scale techniques like beach nourishment may have better track records, at least

Cape Cod Erosion
Cape Cod, a little arm that sticks out into the Atlantic Ocean, is a popular destination all year round but especially in the Summer for beachgoers.
Cape Cod was formed about 18,000 years ago when the glaciers started to melt, but how was it formed? It formed through a process called weathering
and erosion. Weathering is the process of wearing away or changing the appearance or texture of (something) by long exposure to the water, wind, and
even ice. Erosion is the process that takes the results of weathering away by water, wind, or other natural processes. The sediment was picked up by the
glaciers and slowly eroded down towards Cape Cod. As the glaciers moved south, the warmer weather began to melt the glaciers and they dumped
their load of sediment to form Cape Cod. In total, 3 glaciers formed Cape Cod. The middle lobe retreated first leaving behind sediment that created the
middle part of the arm (the bicep). Next the easternmost lobe retreated and the sediment it left behind created the upper part of the arm (Provincetown).
When the last glaciers melted about 18,000 years ago leaving behind an usual looking landform. Today, scientists know that the glaciers brought the
sediment because they are all different colors, textures, and all have different layers.
A big problem in Cape Cod is beach erosion. The first reason why the beaches are eroding is because of rock jetties. Rock jetties that separate beaches
interrupt the natural transfer of sand by the tides and wind. The

The Best Vacation Spots
There are many places to go for a vacation. Usually the most popular choices are the soft sandy beaches or the white snowy mountains. Both places
offer a ton of exciting activities to do through–out the day and night. In a contrasting perspective the beach offers a variety of amenities that the
mountains do not and vice versa. These get away spots are very different in many ways such as climate, actives to do and location. The climate is a
very important part of planning a trip. It determines all sorts of things like the clothes you'll wear and the things you'll be doing. In the mountains
where the forestation is extremely vivacious, the air is crisp, the altitude is very high, and the temperature is freezing cold. In response to the drastic
weather change, big thick insulated jackets, mittens, beanies, scarves, and snow boots are necessary to keep warm. Also, Due to the severe weather,
the mountains tend to be very secluded, perfect for a romantic getaway. The beach however, is surrounded by the endless ocean and the warm soft
sand. The beach has a low altitude, and has a very warm temperature with an occasional ocean breeze. Due to the heat and water nearby, people usually
wear bathing suits, sunglasses, and flip flops. The different activities one could experience at either destination are very different. At the mountains the
snow gives an unlimited amount of fun snow–sports such as, snowboarding, skiing, toboggan riding, sledding and more. If sports aren't your idea of

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Slowly I Awoke From A Deep Sleep To The Sweet Smell Of