The Cage By Ruth Minsky Sender

The Cage By Ruth Minsky Sender
It has been days. I stumble, foot over foot to the crack of sunlight that beams into the car. I feel the
train rock back and forth, side to side as we tumble over the tracks to a "better life." A better life.
More bread. They care about us. I hear the screech as the cars stop as we are all tossed forward.
"Welcome to Auschwitz, Jews." I hear a man scream be strong. I hear the crack of a whip and gun
shots. I know they lied.
The Cage by Ruth Minsky Sender is based on her experiences during World War Two in the
Holocaust. Riva and her family lived in Poland before the war, but once it became occupied during
the war, they along with thousands of other jewish families were moved into the ghetto where
hunger became part of their everyday lives. Once they arrived they were torn away from their loved
ones, and sent to concentration camps where the horrors progressed at a very rapid rate. This book is
about the emotional and physical battles Riva and her family endured during the war. They may
have killed us physically, but we will remain strong mentally.
Names are taken from the Jews and replaced with numbers when they enter the camp. This act is an
attempt to steal the Jews' identities; however, they fight against this act of dehumanization. The
Nazi's hoped to kill them mentally by doing this. My arm burns. I look up into the blue eyes of a
Nazi guard as he burns the number into my skin. I smell burning flesh and want to barf. All around
me irons are being heated up. "You
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Despite the significant (and not always subtle)...
Despite the significant (and not always subtle) differences that exist among and between various
Jewish populations, Jews have long been thought of as a highly–cohesive social group, with shared
values and loyalties that cut across geographic, linguistic and other lines. Drilling down into the
historical record, however, one discovers a much different reality. In this essay, I will seek to address
and dispel the notion that those who subscribe to the Jewish faith have always moved in lockstep
with one another. Upon closer examination, it becomes clear that the concept of Jewish singularity is
in fact a myth. Some clear examples of this are found in Europe. Under the ancien régime in France,
French Jewry was marked by division (Graetz, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There was a considerable gulf between these more assimilated Sephardic Jews and the Ashkenazi
Jews. In fact, the Sephardim looked upon the Ashkenazim as less French, less refined and less
virtuous (Jaher, p. 73). Conversely, the Ashkenazim thought of themselves as more faithful to Jewish
laws and customs (Jaher, p. 73).
The distinctions and antagonisms between the Ashkenazim and Sephardim came to a head during
the National Assembly debate on the status of Jews in France, which occurred on the eve of the
French revolution in 1788; every Jewish delegation negotiated separately. The Sephardic delegates
went so far as to fight legislation that would have grouped them together with the Ashkenazim, and
they told Abbé Grégoire that the Ashkenazi campaign for citizenship was harming their own chances
(Jaher, p. 128).
Many in the French community were also inclined to separate the status of the Sephardim from that
of the Ashkenazim. Jews of Portuguese origin, for example, were said to have "participated in the
rights of the bourgeoisie" and to have acted like "citizens" of France (Jaher, p. 128). Following the
emancipation and ensuing acculturation of French Jews, there was another notable case of division
among the Jewish people in Europe. During this period, there was a significant

F. Scott Fitzgerald wrote about a man in the concentration...
F. Scott Fitzgerald wrote about a man in the concentration camp, "He was so terrible that he was no
longer terrible, only dehumanized", and this only reveals how sadistic people were. Dehumanization
is as plain–spoken as denying food and water to someone, denying social connection or limiting
someone's ability to sleep. People who had suffered did not get any freedom and it was a life filled
with torment and misery. Night is written by Elie Wiesel and it is a memoir. Through the process of
dehumanization, including treating the Jews like animals, taking away their identity and being
denied justice that Hitler and his accomplices were able to break the will of millions of Jewish
people and largely succeed with their fiendish and diabolic ... Show more content on
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Even now in the modern world people have items that may be kept for the same reasons that the
Jews would have. Some people can be identified by the same necklace, bracelet or ring they might
wear everyday. Items can be kept because it may be an heirloom. It must have been dreadful to just
have something so close to someone and simply have it taken away, and not be able to do anything
about it. The prisoners at the camps were referred to by a combination of a letter and a series of
numbers. Elie was called out as "A–7713" (Wiesel 59) instead of his own name, making it seem like
he is not a person. This number was what every person was identified with. It is mortifying to know
that this is the upmost respect that the Jewish get. Innocent people that have done nothing to harm
the world are put in this jailhouse and get assigned a number. These were clearly unjust and biased
decisions made by the Germans. In the modern days only criminals are assigned a jail number and
are put in a cell. For a while, there was no end to all this torture, people just felt more and more
helpless. Jewish had no freedom, no rights, and were treated as low as wild animals. Wiesel claimed,
"We had eaten nothing for six days, except a bit of grass or some potato peelings near the kitchens"
(Wiesel 118–119). This condition is exactly the circumstance that wild animals are in. First of all,
there needs to be food somewhere. And second, the Jews are fighting for the survival of the

Ludwik Zamenhof Ap Language
that would 'transcend borders' and 'create a climate of peace in Europe', which, given that Esperanto
was created between 1870 and 1880 and the political climate which gradually resulted in the
instigation of the First World War, was extremely insightful. In short, Zamenhof used phonemes
from the Slavic languages (he was of Polish descent) whilst using a more Romance lexicon. His
ultimate purpose was to keep the grammar as simple as possible in order to create a language that
was easily accessible to all native speaker of a European language. Ludwik Zamenhof was born in
Bialystock (in present–day Poland) in 1859, a time in which the town was considered to be part of
the Russian Empire. In this community, Polish, German and Yiddish were all ... Show more content
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Zamenhof's father, disapproved vehemently of his son's fantasies; Ludwik Zamenhof's own brother
recounted in 'Ludwikologiajbiografitoj 30' that, "[Ludwik Zamenhof's father] spoke about his work
to the director of a Warsaw–Gymnasium who told him that his son was lost forever, that his work
was the surest symptom of the onset of an incurable madness." To linguists such as Mark Zamenhof,
the prospect of such a language would have shown a profanity for the diverse European cultures,
and an impossible dream. However, his son persevered. The fact that such a talented linguist as
Mark Zamenhof expressed such a distaste for an inter–ethnic language is intriguing in and of itself.
Mark Zamenhof, instead of following the usual Russian pursuits of his time, he became the
'language instructor' to a well–respected and wealthy family: the Zabłudowskis. At length, he
founded a Jewish girls' school in which he taught the various languages he knew. It could be
considered that this too provided a catalyst that motivated L.L. Zamenhof's desire to break from
traditional linguistic ideals of his time, that is to say, the idea of learning various differing languages
and spending years memorising, practising and learning vocabulary, grammar and grammatical
exceptions of each natural human

William Shakespeare 's Merchant Of Venice
Jews have been discriminated against for as long as man can remember. They have been called
names, forced to wear red caps or yellow stars to differentiate themselves, and even put into ghettos
to protect the general population from being too influenced by their "Jewish ways". Antisemitism
during the Middle Ages peaked with the expulsion of Jews from Spain. They were forced out of
their homes and alienated, living on the edges of society in another country. These circumstances
carried on as commonplace during the Renaissance. Shylock in Shakespeare's Merchant of Venice
clearly illustrates the conditions that Jews had to suffer through and the views that Christians had on
Jews. These anti–semitic views continued to have a strong presence ... Show more content on
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The very Jewish culture that made them a target also kept the community together and preserved
their traditions and gene patterns.
A target is a person, place, or thing selected as the aim of an attack; and that is precisely what Jews
were. Jews were targets open to be persecuted and antagonized by those who thought them "too
different". However what made Jews so different what not only their religion, but the culture that
revolved around their beliefs. In 16th century Europe, where religion was such a huge part of
everyday life, this made Jews real outsiders in their communities. In the Merchant of Venice,
Shakespeare went a step beyond outsiders, and said lawfully, Jews were aliens: "Tarry, Jew: The law
hath yet another hold on you. It is enacted in the laws of Venice, if it be proved against an alien..."
(Shakespeare 4.1.2295–2298). In this scene Portia is claiming that because Shylock is a Jew, and
therefore an alien, he has broken another law in threatening a Venetian's life. However harsh,
Shakespeare was historically accurate in this claim. Historically, Jews were known as usurers
because Christians, religiously, could not be. The only reason Jews were allowed to lend money
(with interest) to Christians was because they were classified as "foreigners" in England. And
according to the Bible, Christians were allowed to borrow money from foreigners. The idea comes
from Deuteronomy 23:19–23: "You another Christian...To a foreigner, you may lend upon

The Emergence of Two Types of Jews in the United States
However, this fear of covert discrimination in the workforce did not help those already drifting from
Jewish ideology and heritage from drifting even further. With the 1950's nearing its end, education
and acceptance in American society was more prevalent on the public's radar. With those of the first
generation still holding to their Jewish identity, many of their children were less motivated and less
caring for their Jewish roots. This lack of awareness tainted Jewry of the fifties and climactically
corroborated this Jewish emergence and assimilation to surpass throughout the sixties.
The beginning of the 1960's for American Jewry showed no difference in motivation than the
previous decade. The choices made over the next two decades accurately convey a path for the
emergence of two types of Jews in America. In a New York Times article written in 1962, Rabbi
Rosenblum expresses his concern for Jews during this time. He says, "What we Jews wants is what
others desire, just to be let alone to enjoy life liberty, and happiness along with our neighbors." It
marked a point of realization that if Jews uniformly wanted to assimilate without conflict, this could
be achieved. The question however still remained whether this could be done while also retaining a
Jewish identity. If the choices of the fifties did not offer much foresight into this question, the
decisions of the sixties and seventies solidify this concern when "American Jews saw the sixties
open with a promise of

Cultural Diversity In Social Work
As a social worker, it is essential that we must always be culturally aware and open minded when it
comes to the diversity within today's society. The social work profession works with a range of
different people, from co–workers to potential clients, so it is important to be aware and respectful
to others cultural differences. Culture refers to many different aspects such as religion, race,
ethnicity, languages, lifestyles, art, food, music, clothes, traditions and many more. You never want
to judge anyone or make someone feel uncomfortable or ashamed for having different cultural
values, instead, as a social worker you want to acknowledge, encourage, and understand their
differences because that is what makes people who they are. I had the opportunity to experience
another culture outside of my own, and learn a different lifestyle that I found to be very eye opening.
For my ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The head staff are the ones who run this facility, and most of them if not all because I didn't get to
meet everyone came from a European Jewish background. I talked to one of the head facilitator who
talked about how her family and childhood experience was heavily based on the Jewish values and
they grew knowing only those values which she instills in her family now. Apart of being culturally
competence is having self–awareness so in a situation where you might not have the same cultural
background as someone else is apparent for you to understand and be confident in your own cultural
self. Also, being aware of others where you will experience many different cultural norms, values
and beliefs as a social worker. Being culturally competent is being able to understand those to
aspects and bridging those skills so that you can be culturally adaptive and that is a role every social
worker and facilitator should

Jews And Sephardic Jews
In my last, I reviewed the structure and cultural models of assimilation, applying them to the Irish
case. I now turn my attention to the Jews, the Jews have had problems trying to define whether they
are a race, people, nation, religion, cultural entity, historic group, etc. The Jews had multiple groups
immigrate to the U.S. including the Spanish and Germans. They faced discrimination like any
minority group, but with their skills they were able to assimilate easier than other minority groups.
The first wave of Jews that immigrated happened pre–1880, they were driven by high levels of anti–
Semitism in Europe. The Sephardic Jews were a part of this first wave, they were immigrating
during 1654–1760, and were refugees from Iberian Peninsula, here they settled in New York City,
Newport, Philadelphia, Charleston and Savannah. Their population was at 2,500 in 1790. The
Sephardic Jews came with resources and skills, specifically business skills. Another group of Jews
were the Ashkenazic Jews, they were immigrating from 1820–1880. They were emigrating from
Germany, and came to numerically dominate the Sephardim. By 1880 their population was at
280,000.The second wave happened 1880– 1924, these Jews were largely refugees from Eastern
Europe. During this time there were about 3.3 million immigrants (Pichardo, 2017).
Every group that immigrates into the United States is faced with barriers, the Jews were no different.
They had to deal with prejudice and discrimination, except since

Beyond Race : Human Biological Diversity
Term Paper: Beyond Race: Human Biological Diversity This investigation is an exploration into the
Kotch and Chernofsky family history. In which the cultural and historical background of each
ancestry will be examined. Additionally, this investigation will also examine the paternal genetic
lineage of the Kotch Family. In which the genomic haplogroup will be expressed through ancestral
analysis and migration patterns. The Mother of Ariel Kotch was born in 1967 in Queen NY, her
name is Eva Chernofsky. Her Mother, Ariel Kotch's grandmother, is Ellen Chernofsky and she was
born in St. Louis, Missouri in 1927, her maiden name is Ellen Jung. Ellen Jung was married to Jacob
Chernofksy who was born in Brooklyn in 1982 in the Crown Heights. His father was known as Max
Chernofsky and was born in the Ukraine in 1891 and worked as an accountant, he was brought to
America at a very young age and died in 1960. Jacob Chernofsky's mother was Bertha Cohen, who
had traveled from Lithuania to Brooklyn. Ellen Chernofksy's parents lived in Urbana, Illinois, and
her father, Leo Yung was born in 1891 in Czechoslovakia and attended the University of Cambridge,
Vienna, Berlin, as well as the University of London the latter of which he obtained his Ph.D. at.
When he moved to America in 1920 he practiced as a Rabbi at the Jewish Center on West 86th street
located in Manhattan in 1922. He died at 95 years of age in Manhattan in 1942 (Saxon, 1987). His
father was known as Maurice Jung and was born in

The Ashkenazim, the Sephardim and the Mizrahim Jews Essay
After the Romans conquered Jerusalem and caused the destruction of the Temple in 70 AD many
Jewish people fled to Europe and other countries. The two main groups that emerged during this
time were the Ashkenazim and the Sephardim. Both these groups set up new lives in foreign
countries and had to grow accustomed to their traditions and beliefs. The Ashkenazim settled mainly
in Germany and spoke Yiddish while the Sephardim settled mainly in Spain and spoke their own
distinct language, a combination of Hebrew and Spanish, known as Latino. Ladino is written using
Hebrew letters and is still spoken among the Sephardi community today. Both groups spoke Hebrew
although slightly differently. The Sephardic Jews are sometimes split into two ... Show more content
However, some Ashkenazi Jews experienced anti–semitism violence in these Christian countries.
Many Jewish people were killed during this violence in what Robert Seltzer called a "supercharged
religious atmosphere" (1980). In the closing centuries of the Middle Ages many Ashkenazi Jews
moved to Italy and Poland in search of new and better opportunities and to escape their deteriorating
living conditions in the Rhineland and central Europe, "migrations took place to Italy and Poland...
by the sixteenth–century Poland had emerged as the foremost centre of Ashkenazic Jewish
scholarship" (Eliezer, 2009, 67).
The Sephardic Jews were from Spain, Portugal, North Africa and the Middle East. Often they are
split into two groups, the Sephardic Jews of Spain and Portugal and the Mizrahi Jews of North
Africa and the Middle East. The term Sephardim "comes from the place–name Sephard in the
Tanakh, or Hebrew Bible, referring to a land where Jews were exiled after the destruction of the first
Temple in Jerusalem" (Karesh, 2006, 461). By 720 Spain was under mostly Muslim control and the
"Sephardic culture was highly influenced by the interaction with Muslim Arabs" (Karesh, 2006,
462), they also spoke Arabic. The Sephardic Jews flourished under Muslim rule and produced high
standard poets and

The Character Analysis Of The Setting Of Henna House
Henna House 1.What is the setting Henna House takes place in Yemen in the 1920's. Yemen is near
Saudi Arabia and the landscape is similar, mostly sand and dust. The city is mostly tan houses and
tents of vendors and artisans. The main character Adela lives in a little tan house with a flat roof
when she is little. She spends most of her time as a child in the shoemaking shop. A tent with
shelves and many beautiful shoes that her father, a master shoe maker, makes. The town is dusty and
bland. She often goes alone to the quiet market with tents and vendors to pick up groceries for the
family. Once her father dies Adela goes to Northern Yemen where she starts living in a cave so she
won't be taken by the Confiscator. The man implored by the government who takes orphaned jews.
A cool damp place the size of a small room that she keeps lit with candles. 11.The narrator
The book is written In first person, the narrator is the main character in the story. Adela is a young
Yemenite Jew, she wears a garnush over her dark hair. She has gold–green eyes that are "too big for
her face" says the confiscator. She's a pretty girl but not strikingly beautiful. The story is based
around her and her life growing up in Yemen but she doesn't get much of a chance to grow up. By
age nine she's engaged to her cousin Arash. Henna House is a "coming of age story" says the author.
The reader gets a look at what it's like to live as a young girl in danger of losing her family and
religion.

Jews In The 20th Century
When one thinks of successful New York Jews in the modern age, some of the first names that come
to mind are actors like Woody Allen or political figures like Sen. Bernie Sanders and Justice Ruth
Bader Ginsburg. All these figures share not only a religious and geographical background, but more
importantly share the same building block for success. The mere fact that all of them grew up in an
area containing a large percentage of people whose families came to the United States and especially
the lower east side of Manhattan and the borough of Brooklyn. It is not a matter of coloration but is
a prime example of causation. The massive influx of Eastern European Jews at the end of the 19th
century and the beginning of the 20th century created ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For the purpose of this paper success will be defined using examples of people who have stood out
in their given field or discipline. This overview allows for a look at specific cases stemming from
the geographical and sociological area this will solve the issue of the subjectivity of success. The
success of these communities was only made possible by the ability of the Jewish immigrants to
persevere through the terrible living conditions, anti–Semitic sentiment, scarcity of work, and the
atrocities experienced back home in Europe. Understanding the circumstances that caused a growth
rate in the Jewish population of 170% between 1880 and 1920 is fundamental to dissecting these
communities (Jewish Population in the United States, Nationally). During this time, there was a rush
of anti–Semitic sentiment weaving its way through numerous eastern European countries. The unfair
laws involving enlistment in the army, the burning of Jewish villages called pogroms, and May
Laws made Jewish life a daily struggle. Enlistment laws or quotas were much different for Jews than
others and at times used to impel to feel the necessity for Jews to convert to Christianity. A story
quoted in Moore's book about Golda Meir grandfather's experience in the Russian army.
Golda Meir, the former prime minister of Israel, recalled that her grandfather served in the army
from age thirteen until twenty–six, trying to remain kosher by surviving on raw vegetables and
bread. He

Anti Semitism By Philip Roth Essay
Anti–Semitism Jewish Writers
The experience of the Jewish family in the United States over the past century has been one of
acculturation and accommodation to the norms and the values of America society. At the same time,
Anti–Semitism in America reached its peak during the interwar period between 1940s and 1960s. At
that time, the Jewish Anti–Semitism appeared as a phenomenon of the Depression and the 1940s.
Almost all of the Jewish American writers simply presented realistic portrayals of their fellow
immigrants or their parents' generation. Later, some other Americans, partial to Anti–Semitism,
found confirmation of negative stereotypes in the new Jewish American Literature. Indeed, some
parent–hating or self–hating Jewish American writers of the second or the third generation, living
now in the bounty of American affluence, consciously reinforced negative stereotypes with satire
and a selective realism. Philip Roth, whose portrayal of the tensions between these figures borders
on self–hatred and an almost Anti–Semitic view of the Jewish family in America, is a great example
of these phenomenon.
In his book, Portnoy's Complaint, Roth touched on the assimilation experiences of American Jews,
their relationship to Israeli Jews, and his experience as inherent in being the son of a Jewish family.
As a second generation Jewish writer, he chose to show the stereotypes and discrimination that he
faced through Alex Portnoy. Portnoy was raised by Jewish parents who were very

The Functionalist Perspective On Society
The functionalist perspective argues that different parts of society are inter–related – just like the
human body – so a change in one part of society will lead to changes in other parts too.
Functionalists usually see stability and an even keel that all is going to work out. Functionalists
believe that society is held together by social consensus, or cohesion, in which members of the
society agree upon, and work together to achieve, what is best for society as a whole. Malesevic
shares that structural–functionalism theory treat individuals as products of their culture. It is cultural
systems rather than free–thinking individuals that are the initiators of social action and notes that
although we see cultural difference all the time we only become interested when there is a social
dispute involved.
Poland was partitioned into thirds between the Empires of Russian, Prussia and Austria by the end
of the 18th century. Although there were attempts to suppress culture and language, this was resisted
by a nation united by Catholicism, a common heritage and culture, and the spoken language. Jews
fared differently in the different partitions and for the first time became full citizens of the countries
in which they lived. However citizenship did not confer equality nor did it resolve issues of identity.
To escape discrimination meant assimilation whereby Jews gave up much of their identity and
"accepting the dominant religion, language and culture of the country in which

Thematic Evaluation Of Thematic Development
THEMATIC PANEL 6 (ACTS 16:6–19:20)
EVALUATION OF THEMATIC DEVELOPMENT
Student: DeAnna Martin
COLUMN 1
PARAGRAPHS COLUMN 2
IMMEDIATE CONTEXT (STORIES OR SPEECHES) COLUMN 3
MAJOR POINTS COLUMN 4
PANEL TITLE AND THEMATIC SUMMARY STATEMENT
16:6–10 Paul got a vision that his assistance was required in Macedonia Paul was directed to
Macedonia by the Holy spirit Paul had to go on his second missionary journey The ministry grew
and expanded into areas such as Greece whereby he went on his second and third journeys where
there was a high population of Jews and gentiles. He faced a high level of hostility from the Jews.
16:11–12 Paul travelled to Macedonia
16:13–15 Lydia got saved Lydia was the first Christian in that region Lydia welcomed Paul ... Show
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to check on its authenticity
17:13–15 Some Jews in Thessalonica heard about Paul's preaching The Jews felt agitated and
wanted to stir up the people in Berea to be unreceptive to the teachings. Paul was sent to the coast
while Timothy and Silas were left in Berea
17:16–21 Paul tried to reason with the people of Athens The people were taking part in idolatry
Epicurean and Stoic philosophers listened to Paul as they tried to argue out their different views
17:22–23 Paul challenged the people of Athens because of worshipping gods of idols Some
inscriptions were made to unknown gods to show that they were not aware of the existing goods
Paul tried to reason with the people using words from the scripture
17:24–28 Paul proclaimed the superiority that God held and did not require worshipping as was
accorded to the idols Paul declared the omnipresence of God People only need to reach out to God
through praying and living according to his will
17:29–31 God made man in his image People should know that God's image is like that of human
beings and not idols Individuals should

Anti Semitism And The Jewish Population
For centuries, stereotypes, conspiracy theories, and scapegoating have served as the roots of Jewish
discrimination around the world. Universally known as anti–Semitism, hostility and prejudice to the
Jewish population has been evident even in a modern, ethnically diverse society. In many cases,
Jews have been singled out because of their different religious beliefs and traditions. Several
incidents involving anti–Semitism have occurred worldwide, illustrating widespread discrimination
against the Jewish people. Using an international survey to measure anti–Semitic attitudes, the Anti–
Defamation League has revealed that one in four adults globally maintain anti–Semitic attitudes
toward the Jewish population (ADL 1). This astonishing ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This belief stems from the idea that Jews are only loyal to Israel, and not to other countries (ADL 1).
Ultimately, these presumptions about the Jewish community are what instigate a large part of Jewish
discrimination around the world. The basis of Jewish discrimination also resides in the Holocaust
during World War II. The Holocaust was the systematic, brutal persecution of Jews sponsored by the
Nazi regime in Germany. Adolf Hitler, the leader of the Nazis, believed that the Germans were of
the racially superior Aryan race. Jewish people, who were considered to be racially inferior, were
seen as a threat to the German community. ("Introduction to the Holocaust." 1). In order to cleanse
German society of Jews, Hitler proposed the "Final Solution", which was a plan to exterminate the
Jewish population. Concentration camps, forced labor centers, and gassing facilities were soon
established by German officials to round up, detain, and annihilate the Jewish population. In total,
the Holocaust was responsible for the murder of six million Jews ("Introduction to the Holocaust."
1). In modern society, Jewish people have been discriminated against because of the assumption that
they refer to their treatment in the Holocaust too often. Others even believe the Holocaust to be an
exaggerated event or a blown up myth. As a result, Jewish people are considered to be a population
that is only

Essay On Jewish Cultural Immersion
Jewish Cultural Immersion: Through my Eyes To become an effective counselor to Jewish
Americans or any race or diverse population is to be aware of one's thoughts and opinions
concerning racism and racial advantage, as well increase knowledge of culture's different from
oneself (Hays & Erford, 2014). Jewish Americans are referred to those Caucasian individuals who
have immigrated to the United States from another country, such as Eastern Europe (Hays and
Erford, 2014). In this paper, I will identify and provide a description of the Jewish population and
how they differ from myself in a variety of ways. Additionally, I will provide a reflection of my
immersion into the Jewish culture via my observations and highlight what I have learned ... Show
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I never asked why she felt that way, I watched "Seinfeld" and never really formed any negative
associations towards Jewish individuals, I viewed them no differently than other individuals.
However, I had no exposure to their culture or understanding of the differences between myself and
them. I was watching a home improvement show and the individuals wanted a kosher kitchen, and I
had no idea what that was or why. I was not aware their cuisine The knowledge regarding the
Holocaust was taught in school and as a student, it was necessary to read The Diary of Anne Frank. I
found it shocking that Hitler managed to order those individuals under his rule to believe anti–
Semitic beliefs and kill so many Jewish people. I am Caucasian, not really any different from a
Jewish individual and I could not imagine being forced into a concentration camp to work, starve, be
beaten, and killed because of my culture. On some levels, I relate the Holocaust and the Jewish
population to the African American battle with slavery. In my opinion, both races were treated
unfairly and the results have negatively affected many generations of both populations. What made
this assignment difficult for me is that I do not know any Jewish people. I was not aware there was a
Jewish synagogue found in Beaumont, Texas, twenty miles from my home. Additionally, I was not
aware that Houston had a museum dedicated to the Holocaust either. Furthermore, I am ashamed to
admit I was not aware that Jewish

Broken Glass Jewish Essay
Broken Glass Jewish
In 1938, the onset of violent anti–Semitic riots in Germany created one of the most horrific struggles
of our time. Not only did this outrageous holocaust bring sadness and death to the Jews in Germany
but also to the ones living here in America. In, The Broken Glass, by Arthur Miller, we see the lives
of three completely different characters portrayed. First, we see Sylvia Gullberg, who has been a
housewife ever since her husband Philip made her quit. She is the first one to be affected by the
news in Germany. Her husband, Phillip, has been hiding from his race ever since he was a teen, and
because of this ruins his marriage and ultimately his life. Lastly, Dr. Harry Hyman, who views
everything with his ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He even has gender issues. For example, Philip say's, "If my wife were a man, she could be director
of the Federal Reserve," and "you can talk to my wife like she's a man." These are certainly
statements that he would not be saying about his wife if he thought gender wasn't a problem. As far
as their marriage goes, Philip and Sylvia have a very business like relationship. He feels he is the
man of the house, which is why he won't let her work. Unfortunately, this way of living for so many
years has torn Sylvia apart from him. I believe Sylvia Gullberg is the strongest character throughout
this movie. Unfortunately, she too has been living a lie for the past twenty years as a housewife and
now even as she lay paralyzed in bed, fights to make a difference. Once a businesswoman, she gave
up all of that for everyone's sake but her own. And now after all those years of hiding, she will not
do so anymore. One of the most difficult things she must face is the realization of her husband,
Philip, being afraid of his own race. Sylvia is a very well informed and respected lady. Even Dr.
Hyman cannot escape the beauty and inner drive that she possesses. For example, Dr Hyman tells
her he has not been so moved by a woman in a long time and is unsure if he can continue treating
her. Time and time again she is constantly giving while not ever receiving. Even as she lay
paralyzed on the steps of her house, she keeps saying sorry to her

The Entry On Diaspora By Simon Dubnow
The entry on "Diaspora" is by Simon Dubnow, a scholar of Jewish history. Diaspora refers to the
exile of Jews from the holy land, and their overall dispersal throughout several parts of the globe,
within the America's, varying parts of Europe, as well as other places within the world. It refers to
suggested/implied deracination, legal disabilities, oppression, and an often painful adjustment to a
hostland. The diaspora helped to develop institutions, social patterns, and ethnonational religious
symbols.
Within The Jewish Prototype and Beyond, it states that there are seven specific criteria that need to
be followed. These could be seen as "commandments" in a certain regard. The general prototype
includes language, religion, values, social ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Controversial aspects of Diasporas include language, memory, and/or religion.
The Religious Dimension covers the fact that, for the Jews, religion is the most important element of
the diaspora. Furthermore, "many Jews envision Israel as the only country where a full Jewish life
can be lived." What makes the theological aspect of the Jewish diaspora unique is the hostility of
Christians, grounded in church teachings. Another feature that is considered peculiar, is that it was
"externally imposed", and the only way to escape it is to exit the Jewish community. Zionists and
Christian evangelists thought the Jewish diaspora must be ended to allow the second coming of
Christ. Israel is no longer seen as an "appropriate homeland" due to it losing its "romantic allure",
the growing income inequality, pollution, and the poor behaviour towards Arabs. This clashes with
the traditions of the diaspora. The pride that was once present in Israel has now been replaced with
"embarrassment".
In Homeland–Diaspora Relation, it states that one of the essential aspects of the diaspora is their
transpolitical linkage to the homeland. There have been impacts on the diaspora externally, which
have directly involved Israel. The bat–mitsva from the U.S, Judaism coming from Europe and
Maimuna flowing from North Africa. Some differing culture patterns were brought back to the
hostland. Two examples are the German rank and title system as well as

A Relationship Based On Paternalism And Condescension...
What was once a relationship based on paternalism and condescension between Ashkenazi and
Mizrahi Jews has gradually transformed into a more leveled socioeconomic platform between the
two ethnic groups. The Jews of Ashkenazi descent, mainly from Eastern European countries and
Britain, arrived in the decades before the creation of the State of Israel and were able to rapidly
create a new society. Shortly after Israel's independence, massive waves of Jewish immigrants
flooded the country, of which a large part were Mizrahim Jews from North Africa and the Middle
East fleeing discrimination in Arab lands. The dominant Ashkenazim viewed the incoming Mizrahi
Jews as backwards and burdensome to the newly–founded country's cultural and economic image
and took measures to make them conform to their customs. This process of conditioning ultimately
led to a wide socioeconomic gap between the two groups that prompted political clashes and riots.
Recent trends and changes in the country's political structure have narrowed the gap and point
toward equal opportunities between Mizrahi Jews and Ashkenazi Jews.
Originating in Europe, Zionism was embedded with Western–leaning principles that aimed at
coalescing the Jews of the Diaspora into one unified and modernized Jewish identity within Israel.
When it was introduced to the old Yishuv, it reflected the Ashkenazim political and cultural values,
including "liberal democracy and national self–determination" and therefore assured their success

Ordinary Men : Reserve Police Regiment 101 And The Final...
After reading Ordinary Men: Reserve Police Battalion 101 and the Final Solution in Poland it made
me how quick a person can go from being innocent to guilty, which is the case of the book. The
book helps understand how many ordinary men, non–policemen from different backgrounds all
participated in various mass murder. The books help to explain how several of "ordinary men" were
able to commit such massacre and to know that they received little to no punishment.
The massacre could not only be blamed on the men, but as well to the men who would give the
orders. The battalion was under the lead of Mayor Wilhelm Trapp, who was a veteran of World War
I and recipient of the Iron Cross First Class. Alongside with Trapp, where his two captains Wolfgang
Hoffman and Julius Wohlauf. Both of the captains were promoted to the captain when they were in
their late 20's in 1942. Along the side of them were seven reserve lieutenants, who had been drafted
to the Order Police. The lieutenants have been considered "ordinary" since they were middle class
men who had received an education. In my opinion being able to see that they were able to get them,
led to the decision of drafting men no matter the age to be able to help with the massacre.
The book focus on presenting the type of men that participated in the liquidation of the Jews and the
type of murder they committed. The men behind the massacre of the Jews comes from the Reserve
Police Battalion 101, which was composed of both

Immigration into the USA Essay
Immigration into the USA
My essay is a nation of immigrants in the United States which is about German, Irish, Jewish
immigrants in the 1800's or early 1900's. I'm a Asian so I know about Asian immigration. But I
didn't know about Europe immigration very well. So I chose it among many topics. I know that I
will find about aspect of immigration important and I will fall into interest of this history.
A continuing high birthrate accounted for most of the increase in population, but by the 1840's the
tides of immigration were adding hundreds of thousands more. Before this decade, immigrants had
been flowing in at a rate of 60,000 a year ; but suddenly the influx was tripled in the 1840's and then
quadrupled in the 1850's. During ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Then in 1845 a blight that ravaged the potato crop sounded the final knell for the Irish peasantry.
Irish nearly half of all the immigrants who hooded into the United States between 1820 and 1860
came from Ireland. They arrived penniless and virtually unemployable, and many of them spoke not
English but Gaelic of the emigrants, most were young and literate in English, the majority under
thirty–five years old. Families typically pooled money to send strong young sons to the New World,
where they would earn wages to pay the fares for those who remained behind. These "famine Irish"
mostly remained in the port cities of the Northeast, abandoning the farmer's life for the squalor and
congestion of the urban metropolis. The Irish newcomers were poorly prepared for urban life. They
found progress up the economic ladder painfully slow. Their work as obmestic servants or
construction laborers was dull and arduous, and mortality rates were astoundingly high. Escape from
the potato famine hardly guaranteed a long life to and Irish–American most of the new arrivals
toiled as day laborers. A fortunate few owned boarding houses or saloons, where their dispirited
countrymen sought solace in the bottle. For Irish–born women, opportunities were still scarcer; they
worked mainly as domestic servants.
But it was their Roman Catholicism, more even than their penury or their perceived fondness for
alcohol, that earned the

The Dark Years 1940-1930's Analysis
The Journal of Helene Berr shows how a young woman strives to understand her role as a Jew under
Nazi–controlled France. Helene writes about her experiences and how they shaped her attitudes
about her situation. She also notes the increase in French collaboration and how France turned
against its people. Tony Judt's article "Betrayal of France" and Julian Jackson's France The Dark
Years 1940–1944 also examine this betrayal of France's Jews. These three documents examine life
for Jews under Nazi–controlled France. They observe what went wrong and why the Jews received
the treatment that they did. France's Jewish population believed that their "Frenchness" would save
them, yet this faith was misplaced because of the government's desire to maintain ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Many believed that their loyalty to France would save them and so they differentiated themselves
from foreign Jews. They felt that identifying with the foreign Jews would renounce their tradition of
assimilation and French patriotism. Many Jews believed that it was this contribution to French
society that would protect them. Additionally, many French Jews felt disconnected with the foreign
Jews, many of whom had come to France as refugees. They did not see them as equals to the
established, well–off French Jewish families. Helene Berr echoes this sentiment when she visits her
father in Préfecture de Police. She struggles to accept that her father was a prisoner alongside the
other Jews because "the four of us were so distant from those poor folk." In France, many Jewish
refugees lived in poorer neighborhoods and it was easy for Helene to differentiate herself from
them. These refugees had not assimilated into French society the same way that the Berrs had and,
thus, did not identify with the nation. Therefore, it was strange for Helene to see her father grouped
in with all the "other Jews." French Jews identification with the nation and their confidence in its
solidarity is widespread and the reason why many people put faith in

Heritage and Identity in Pat Barker's Regeneration
The presence of Jews in England has been a source of controversy for many reasons. On page 35 of
Pat Barker's historical novel Regeneration, Siegfried Sassoon reveals the nature of his relationship
with his father, who left home when he was five, and gives an account of his Jewish history. Though
he hadn't been raised Jewish and apparently had no association with his Jewish relatives, Sassoon
was subjected to the discrimination that was often seen in England before and during WWI.
Through Sassoon's Jewish heritage and the other characters relation to the past, Barker exposes the
need of mankind to identify with the past in order to come to terms with the present.
There is much history concerning the Jewish people and their presence in ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
On page 247, Major Huntley, when asked if he knew of a reason for keeping Sassoon in
Craiglockhart, responded with "Spanish Jews . . . Father's side. Spanish Jews," indicating that his
father being Jewish was reason enough to doubt Sassoon's integrity. However, he quickly reveals
that Sassoon's "Mother was a Thorneycroft," dismissing his Jewish roots as giving him "Hybrid
vigour" when combined with the English blood of his maternal ancestors. Major Huntley's view
shows that even though he is quick to disregard Sassoon's unfavorable Jewish roots considering his
more nationally appealing qualities, it may have been reason enough to consider Sassoon unfit for
service.
In the novel, Sassoon is one of many men and women who are struggling to resolve an inner conflict
between their past and present selves, a conflict revealed by their war experience. Coming to terms
with the present means facing the past for many of the characters, including Dr. Rivers, who begins
to struggle with his own identity while working with the soldiers at Craiglockhart. Eventually the
doubt and the strain of his position cause Rivers to have a breakdown and he is ordered to take three
weeks leave (139 –140) which he spends at his brother's chicken farm (149 –156). While visiting his
brother, Rivers recalls certain moments of his childhood and ponders his relationship

Israel 's International Affairs : A Major Issue Of Social...
Despite all of the focus on Israel's international affairs, ranging from relations with the United
States, persistent conflicts with Palestine, and back and forths with Iran, Israel has a major issue of
social inequality within their nation. Despite narrowing the number of Israelis in poverty and raising
incomes in recent years, Inequality in Israel is still one of the highest of the Western developed
countries. According to a report released by the Organization for Economic Co–operation and
Development, 18.6% of Israelis live beneath the poverty line, which can be defined as those who
earn less than 50% of Israel's median national income. Meanwhile, the top 10%, much to the chagrin
of politicians like Bernie Sanders, were taking in nearly 36% of the Israel's income while the bottom
10% were pulling less than 2%. Therefore, I believe that for Israel's economy to grow, the country
must focus on addressing the rampant inequality that their citizens face. The more people that earn
more, the better off the nation will be as a whole. One of the most common and popular statistics to
look at when discussing inequality is the famous Gini coefficient. Despite Israel's Gini coefficient
dropping from .371 in 2007 to .360 in 2013, the country still ranks much closer to the "1" mark than
most developed nations. It is important to note that Israel's issue of income inequality does not stem
simply from policies enacted by the current and former administrations, but rather a cultural

Jewish: The Diploma Project Analysis Essay
The author asserts herself the task of describing the Jews in a positive way. It can meet with a
feeling that many societies consider Jews as enemies of the humanity. Antisemitic movements
trumpet negative rumors about controlling large countries by the Jews. According to them, the Jews
took control over the mass media in order to spread the Jewish propaganda and to show the only
information which is relevant to the public. Furthermore, they consider that America has become a
tool in the hands of the Jews to rebuild the state of Israel and to the enrichment of the Jewish
community. They also claim that the whole world is financially dependent from the Jewish nation.
All of these statements lead to the fact that Jews are hostile perceived ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In this section, the reader can also meet with a discussion of to be or not to be a Jew. This is due to
persecutions in other countries. As a result, the Jews began to deny their identity and to identify with
the American society. There is outlined the problem of Antisemitism and of anti–Judaism referring
to the Jewish society. The last aspect, described in this chapter, is the problem of the intermarriage.
The author of the diploma project presents statistics which show the scale of the problem. Through
marriage of the Jew with the non–Jew, the border between societies blurs out as well as the Jewish
identity disappears. As a consequence, the Jewish community is exposed for the extinction, and for
the destruction of the Jewish cultural and religious heritage.
The second chapter is titled The expansion of the Jewish community in America, and it is divided
into two larger sections. In this chapter, the reader can find an explanation of concepts about the
processes of migration, of emigration and of immigration. It is also described the push and pull
strategy. Moreover, the author is engaged in the subject of three major waves of immigration to the
United States and then what the causes of those waves are. Waves of immigration concerned
Sephardic, Askhenazi and Eastern European Jews. The present writer illustrates the first traces of the
Jews in the New World as well as how they have contributed to the development of the American
society.

Biography and Book Report on Shaul Magid
BACKGROUND OF SHAUL MAGID
Shaul Magid is a professor of religious studies and the Jay and Jeannie Schottenstein Chair of
Jewish Studies in Modern Judaism at Indiana University. In addition, on the site he says that he
grew up in a secular Jewish household in New York and then become serious about religion at the
age of 20 in which he dove deeply into the world of Hasidism. He says that he is fascinated by the
"complex nexus of Judaism and American counterculture" of his youth and writes about the topic as
a scholar rather then an observer. In the introduction he states that, "proximity does not by definition
produce bias. Investment does not necessarily yield apologetics. The best critic, perhaps, is one who
is open... about what is at stake, collectively and personally, in his or her scholarly projects"
(confirm that!!)
INTRODUCTION:
Magid's brilliant introduction really sets the tone for the rest of his book. American Jews or Jewish
Americans? American Judaism or Judaism in America? One is; the other describes. It is without
question that America has offered Jews the most loving society in the Jewish Diaspora, but at the
same time it is also proving to be problematic. Jews are in a current state of transition in that they
have to figure out a way to adapt their Jewishness beyond their ethnicity. The Jewish leaders in
America have been wondering how to handle the sky rocketing assimilation and intermarriage rates,
because they are fearful that it will lead to the end of not

American Jewish History Essay
The study of history and historical writings is called historiography; American Jewish history is one
form to study about the past of the American Jews. Jacob Rader Marcus and Hasia R. Diner are two
historians who broke down American Jewish historiography according to their point of views. In
"The Periodization of American Jewish History," Marcus focuses on four periods of American
Jewish history. On the other hand, in "The Study of American Jewish History: in the Academy, in
the Community," Diner discusses many dates celebrate and urge the study of American Jewish
history. Marcus and Diner both approach with historical information; however, Marcus approaches
historiography through specific, cultural eras while Diner briefly summarizes ... Show more content
Meanwhile, from 1852–1920, East European immigrants joined the lives of the German immigrants.
They were orthodox and devout Jews who cared passionately about their Jewish culture. Eventually,
the harmony between the Germans and East Europeans faded when the East Europeans wished to
overthrow the power of the Germans. However, the Germans refused to give up their power and by
the 1920's, the two groups were on their own, separate paths. Lastly comes the American Jewry
period, which began in 1921. By this time, the Jews were considered natives so cultural and social
intermarriage was practically unavoidable. These "American" Jews had little knowledge of their
European background. The lives of the children of the East European were increasingly better
because they joined the white–collar class, were largely in commerce and trade, and acquired higher
educations. Hasia R. Diner illustrates American Jewish history through monumental events from the
past. According to him, East European Jewish immigrants entered the United States and Great
Britain at the end of the eighteenth century. They drew much attention to their Jewish culture and
foreignness causing anti–Semitism to emerge. In 1905, a public history program took place to
commemorate 250 years of Jewish settlement in North America. During that year and a few years
before, there were bloody demonstrations against the Jews in Kishinev

The Sixties By David Kaufman
Jewhooing the Sixties by David Kaufman is a book that examines the Jewish identity of the Jewish
people as a whole based on the Jewish celebrities in America and their effect on popular culture,
mainly during the first half of the 1960s. During this time, it was very common for people and
especially for Jews to follow the habit of citing Jewish celebrities to which Kaufman refers to the
name as "Jewhooing". This action of jewhooing according to Kaufman "points to a deeper
relationship between Jews and celebrity overall." (1) As Kaufman takes us through this book he
shows the reader four different celebrities during this time that stand out above the others which are
Sandy Koufax, Lenny Bruce, Bob Dylan, and Barbara Streisand, all of which are Jewish, and the
way they became celebrities within an American context, while at the same time remaining
identifiable as Jews but in four different ways. This book allowed me to see the Jewish culture and a
period that it was very prominent in that I had never known about before based on the Jewish
identities of these celebrities. Kaufman first starts the book by explaining a little into the term of
jewhooing and gives a brief description of how it applies to the American Jew. This part transitioned
into how the Jews take much pride in their fellow Jews who have "made it" in American popular
culture. This fascinated me greatly due to the fact that we had recently learned about this in class not
too long ago and now Kaufman is

The Jewish Population With A Fresh Eyes
Deshen approaches the Jewish population with a fresh eyes. Compared to the other authors of the
works we've read previously, he skillfully illuminates the past through both an anthropological and
historical lens. His thorough examination of the mellah society, shows the uncanny threads of
commonality the Jewish diaspora throughout that wind through the ages. With this work, the
microcosm of Morocco was revealed with Deshen's discussion of various aspects of life. Modern
stereotypes of the Jewish masculinity, as well as how medieval Jews juggled the spiritual benefits of
baraka with the economic drain of hosting a sage. Most importantly, he shows the enmeshment and
entrenchment in of Jews in a majority Muslim society.
At first glance, the walls of mellah seem like an impermeable membrane between an insular Jewish
community and the majority Muslim population. However, the mellah walls hide an interconnected
society. Through making ties with government officials, Berber protectors in the countryside, and
distant relatives, Moroccan Jewry effectively spanned across Morocco. The extensive self governing
systems among the Jews each town allowed for Jews from other towns maintain connections with
their local officials. Deshen mentions that even though calling on a governing body from another
town, was largely ineffectual. But what's impressive is the fact that it was even necessary at all. It
also mentions that marriages were predominately arranged between men and women of the

Jewish Community Sociology
physically as a group (Schlesinger). According to Evelyn Kallen "the family provides the most
appropriate symbolic–expressive focus for ethnic identity expressed in terms of the idiom of kinship
at the micro–community level" (). In addition, Jewish families are open–minded people because
they have an egalitarian marital ideology; however, there is a sexual division of labor between
domestic and occupational spheres. For instance the men are in occupations while the women's
duties are more over the household. Also they always emphasize on the nuclear family as oppose to
extended family, mainly because they live in cities. The Jewish community in Canada went through
a formative, maintenance and the actualization stage. Each stage reflects the

Jewish Diaspora
Again, many Jews responded positively to the direction provided by groups like the Hachshara –
Polish Jews like Epstein Kozlowski explained how the Zionist cooperative had saved her from being
"put at the mercy of international aid societies" who were widely perceived to be ineffective in
establishing "long–term options" for Jewish displaced persons. Furthermore, the World Jewish
Congress(WJC), the political wing of the Jewish people, "led the way in establishing a functioning
Jewish Diaspora" in the post–war period. With similar intentions as the Jewish humanitarian aid
organizations, the WJC acted on the world stage as a facilitator of Jewish unity, undertaking massive
efforts to rebuild Jewish communities in Europe. Unlike Jewish philanthropic ... Show more content
Despite this, they were unable to provide Jewish refugees with a tailored plan that both understood
the unique Jewish condition in the post–war period, and facilitating a long–term strategy for the
Jewish people. While Jewish philanthropic organizations undoubtedly operated on a relatively
smaller scale, they succeeded where international relief coalitions had not. Private Jewish
organizations understood not merely the material needs of Jewish displaced persons, but their acute
cultural needs given the demoralized spiritual landscape post–Holocaust. The philanthropic relief
organizations listened to prevailing sentiment among Jewish displaced persons, who throughout the
postwar period expressed a growing desire for resettlement in Palestine rather than resettlement on
the European continent. Groups like the Hachshara and the Organization for Rehabilitation through
Training succeeded by providing vocational training designed to assist in a focused long–term move
to Palestine. The effort was successful on a micro–level, not only providing Jewish displaced
persons with economic tools, but with specialized skillsets for jobs in modern–day Israel. On a
larger, geopolitical level, political action committees like the World Jewish Congress lobbied on the
behalf of Jewish organizations,

The French Revolution Of France
For the Jews of France and their fellow colleagues, the French revolution came to establish the myth
of origin or also known as their birthdate of existence. On the date September 27, 1791, which was
two years after the storming of Bastille and the Declaration of the rights of man, the French National
Assembly voted to admit the Jews of Alsace–Lorraine France to citizenship1. The French
Revolution was a period of time where Jews were fighting for civic equality and having to overcome
many obstacles that were put in front of them throughout this time. Many generations after the
French Revolution would recall the moment as a "turning point in extraordinary magnitude"1. Their
memories seem to be dominated by images of glory and celebration ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
One can say that Jews obtained their citizenship at the price of giving up their tradition per say in
order to get the civic equality they have always wanted and have strived for. The French Revolution
served as a purpose to show people how much of a positive impact it had on the Jews despite all the
negative things that happened throughout the Revolution. One should look at the positive that came
out of this instead of the negative. The French Revolution really helped the Jews establish their
religion and it really helped them be considered a legitimate group in France. The French
Revolution was credited with having put to an end to centuries of humiliation, legal discrimination,
and exclusion from the mainstream of society1. Throughout the Revolution there was a lot of hatred
towards the Jews especially from the Catholics since they felt threatened by the Jews and felt as if
there would be no chance for the Catholic churches to survive if they obtained their citizenship and
civic equality. Jews were able to reach their goal of civil equality and in today's society they are
treated equally despite of what happened in the past in regards to the Holocaust and the French
Revolution. All in all through cultural impacts, negative propaganda and the ideology of
emancipation one will be able to see all of the positive impacts it had on the Jews despite being up
against all odds.
The French revolution caused an impact culturally

Goals of the Jewish Diploma Project Essay
The primary goal of the diploma project was to explain the impact of the Jewish community on the
American culture at the turn of the 20th century. The author introduced the current behavior of the
Jews in the United States. She also outlined the influence of the Jewish community on the culture,
on the society, on the politics and on the finance of America and she described the social factors and
character traits that facilitated the achievement of such a huge success which was assigned to the
Jews in the every sphere of life.
With this diploma project, the important social and cultural changes caused by the behavior of the
Jewish community were clarified. The Jewish success which was achieved by their co–operation
and social unity was ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
All of goals that were designated by the author of the diploma project have been met and described
by her. With the vast amount of available materials, the author had an easy task in the analysis and
in the presentation of subject matter of the diploma project. The only problem that she encountered
on her way was the sub–chapter on African–Americans and their relationship with the Jewish
community. The author wanted to describe their friendship and the co–operation in the struggle for
the right to freedom and to equality, whereas she met with the unwillingness from African–
Americans. It was so astonishing, because both communities were in a similar situation. They both
were minorities in multicultural America. Both groups underwent persecution and discrimination.
The author had expected that so many common problems could united these two ethnic groups.
Notwithstanding, the present writer found many written sources and websites in which numerous
negative opinions about the selfless help of the Jews from Black Americans have been described.
Afro–Americans claimed that the Jews used them to achieve their higher education goals, without
taking into account their opinions. They believed that the Jews won at Blacks expense the right to
freedom of religion for his minority. In contrast, they maintained that the social situation of African–
Americans remained unchanged. Jews were accused of disingenuous intentions. As a result, the
negative

The History and Culture of Black Jews in America Essay
According to the broadest definition, there are approximately 9 million Jewish adults in America. Of
those, 5.3 million are Jewish because they practice the Jewish religion or who have a Jewish parent
and consider themselves Jewish. Non–hispanic blacks make up 2% of that population. (A Portrait of
Jewish Americans) Blacks constitute such a small percentage of the Jewish population that they are
often considered to be obviously "not Jewish". This was the experience of Rabbi Shlomo ben
Levy.In an article entitled, "Who are we? Where did we come from? How many of us are there?",
Rabbi Levy describes his feelings of marginalization triggered by an advertisement for Levy's
Jewish Rye. The advertisement features a black boy eating a sandwich and ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
(Kaye/Kantrowitz 1) Meanwhile, it is not uncommon for black Jews, who usually prefer to be called
Hebrews or Israelites, to describe white Jews as the products of conversion or intermarriage and that
Judaism is the true religion of their African ancestors. (Parfitt 84–88) This dynamic shapes the
mutual mistrust that exists between black Jews in America and the overwhelmingly Ashkenazi
majority.
The problem of marginalization began with the waves of Jewish immigrants from Europe who fled
the Russion pogroms and later the Nazis. In their homelands, these people were Jewish, but in
America they had the opportunity to be white. In cementing their status as white, these Amnerican
Jews further alienated the small minority of Jews of African descent and others who do not fit nicely
into the white race group. Despite this, the black Jews of America share a diverse cultural history
that is both African and Jewish.
The Commandment Keepers, are one of the largest and best known black Jewish congregations in
America. (Chireau 25) Their founder, Wentworth Arthur Matthew, is regarded as the first black
American rabbi. Matthew's background is not well documented. From his own accounts he was born
in the West Indies in 1892, the grandson of an Ethiopian Jew, and studied at a number of prestigious
institutions. The congregation he founded remains active and has been an Orthodox Jewish
congregation since it's founding in 1919. (Biography of

Gaucher Disease: A Rarity in Three Types Essay examples
Gaucher Disease: A Rarity in Three Types
Ethnicity can provide individuals with wonderful traditions and celebrations of one's heritage.
However, for some Ashkenazi Jews, ethnicity brings them much more than they bargained for: a
rare condition causing a wide array of liver, lung, spleen, bone and bone problems. Ethnicity brings
them Type I Gaucher Disease. Type II and Type III are the two other forms of this rare genetic
condition, and can occur at equal frequencies in all ethnic groups. Gaucher disease was first
described in 1882 by Doctor Philippe Charles Ernest Gaucher from France (2) . Type I , the most
frequently seen form of the disease, can affect people of multiple ethnic backgrounds. However, its
prevalence is greatest ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(2) .
Each of the three types of Gaucher Disease affect many systems of the body. Type I of the disease,
which is the most mild form and is most frequently seen, is the only form of Gaucher which does
not affect the nervous system. Typically, the average age of onset for Type I Gaucher is 21 years (6)
. Approximately 1 in 10 Ashkenazi Jews is heterozygous for type I. Although the condition is non–
neuronopathic, patients can exhibit a wide array of symptoms ranging from increased spleen and
liver volume, lung compression, a variety of bone problems including lesions, bone tissue death and
pain, and anemia and easy bruising. Individuals with Type I Gaucher Disease typically have a life
span of 6 to 80 years (5) . Within families, the severity of Type I of the condition varies immensely,
thereby making it impossible to determine which family members will suffer from the most severe
symptoms. Gaucher Disease is different from most other autosomal recessive conditions in that one
of the nonfunctional glucocerebrosidase genes (which are characteristic of Gaucher Disease) is
passed o1n to each of the patient's offspring, causing them all to be carriers. Among Ashkenazi
Jews, it has been presumed that around 1 in 450 Ashkenazi Jews has two mutated copies of the
glucocerebrosidase gene (4) .
While Type I Gaucher is by far the most common form of the disease, Type II is excessively rare;
among newborns, less than 1 in 100,000 have Type

The Day Of Tisha B ' Av
Soon the Jewish community around the world will be fasting and withholding any forms of pleasure,
entertainment or happiness to commemorate the day of Tisha B'Av. It was on this day on at 70 ACE
(After the Common Era) when the Romans destroyed the Second Temple of the Jews and forced
them into an exile lasting just under two millenniums. Within the Jewish community there is debate
of whether the formation of the current political state of Israel constitutes our return from exile.
However, most religious Jews would argue that only with the coming of the Messiah will the Jewish
people truly return from our long waited exile. When I put on Tefillin, the last prayer I cite is for the
coming of the Messiah and the rebuilding of the Temple. For Rwandans, they might be aware of this
commemoration as it is not found within Christian beliefs. However, the history behind the day does
replicate with some of Rwanda's own history. I am talking specifically of the conflict amongst Jews,
which the Rabbis state was the true reason for the destruction of the Second Temple.
Years ago, I remember a Drash performed by a member of a minyan (I have previously discussed
here: Add the Link) named Gene who discussed what caused the destruction of the Temple. Within
history, the Temple's destruction came during the Seize of Jerusalem with fighting between Jewish
residents and the Roman soldiers such as found in typical warfare. The losers of conflict often see
the destruction of what they consider

Cornel West's On Black-Jewish Relations
In "On Black–Jewish Relations" Essay, Cornel West starts by analyzing the reasoning for why
Black–Jewish relations in the United States seem to be deteriorating over the years. These ongoing
competitive fights are called Black Anti–Semitism and Jewish Anti–Black Racism. Consequently,
West points out that both Jewish and African–Americans have come from a hard past where they
have experienced oppression, humiliation and discrimination many times by other ethnic and/or
racial groups. West then alleges that at one time, African–American and Jewish leaders like Martin
Luther King and Abraham Joshua Heschel worked for this problem and decided to form alliances
between the two ethnic groups. Unfortunately, this "strong helping relationship" was totally
unsuccessful and the two ethnic groups went opposite direction, making the tension between them
rise steeply.
Furthermore, West conveys that hatred of Jews began at the center of medieval and modern
European cultures (such as Christianity), and was based on religious and social motives. One of
these reasons is the Christian stereotypes of Jews as Christ–killers. Nevertheless, my stand on this
particular issue is that I both agree to a certain ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
First, African–Americans were discriminated by white people, so that they believe Jews, who most
have white skin color, are also involved. For this reason, African–Americans become sensitive for
everything that relates to racism. However, the question is: If most Jews were not white–skinned,
would African–Americans really unite with the Jews? Second, African–Americans and Jews initially
belonged to the same level of allies. Nonetheless, Jews climbed the American social ladder quickly
and successfully, which makes African–Americans envious of Jews. Therefore, African–Americans
now seem to despise the Jews and see them as their

The Events Of The 20th Century Essay
The 20th century was a time of great unrest and turmoil, wars that divided the world, superpowers in
vicious stalemates vying for the number one position, and the clashing of many new ideologies. The
Jewish people are one of the central groups that was affected by all these things and it greatly
changed them as a people. The Holocaust, a horrifying and brutal systematic slaughter of mainly
Jews and other non–Aryan people, one of the world 's greatest tragedies changed forever the Jewish
people. The creation of the state of Israel and the development of Zionism led to widespread
division among many Jews as some were all for the creation of a Jewish state while other were
deeply against it, these divisions only deepened at the onset of the Arab–Israeli conflict as now more
than 40 years of fighting has occurred with no peace in sight (Fermaglich, lecture, 30 November & 7
December 2016). The world events of the 20th century have divided the Jewish people, the
Holocaust created divisions from those who experienced it and those who did not, along with the
ideological and political divisions from the creation of the state of Israel and the Arab–Israeli
conflict. Survivors from the Holocaust had to begin their lives again once their nightmarish ordeal
was done. Many returned to their homes from which they were taken, others wanted to leave and
never come back, be away from the site that tormented them for years. Near 100,000 Jewish
survivors emigrated to the United States to

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