Smell Of The Dinosaur Summary

Smell Of The Dinosaur Summary
Despite agreeing with the description about the dinosaur provided in the reading passage, the
speaker claims that the hypothesis to justify the uses of the Dinosaur's crest are not entirely true and
he provides new conclusions about those three presented hypothesis.
Firstly, while in the reading passage it is stated that the Dinosaur's crest could be used to support the
sense of smell of the Dinosaur, the speaker casts doubt on this assumption. The speaker claims that
the brain structure of the Dinosaur was not developed enough for sensing the smell through the
crest. Therefore, the speaker believes that it wouldn't be likely that the dinosaurs had used their crest
to boost their sense of smell.
Secondly, in the reading passage it is proposed
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The Fall Of Dinosaurs By Dinosaurs
Austin Thomas
4/26/2016
English 12
Ms. Hous
The fall of Dinosaurs
It is hard to imagine that millions of years ago, the Earth was not dominated by humans, but by
Dinosaurs. These great Beast's, who were as big or bigger than cars, roamed the land. Some were
giant killing machines, like the Tyrannosaurus Rex.Some are even alive today, while many people
do not even notice. There have been countless theories as to how the dinosaurs became extinct.
The dinosaurs ruled the land for millions of years, and it seems impossible that such magnificent
creatures could have been taken off the earth. Dinosaurs were very adaptable to their environment
and traversed the entire earth. They were even found on lands like Antarctica, and many different
oceanic islands like north Island, New Zealand, and a island called Spitsbergen.(Creation.com/Oard)
There have even been Dinosaur fossils found in northern Alaska next to the arctic Ocean.(Oard)
These questions have perplexed researchers, and it has made them wonder if dinosaurs were
Endotherms, Ectotherms, or some combination in between.(Oard) An example of this is a comment
from researcher Michael Benton," Should we now imagine Dinosaurs as thermally insulated Warm–
Blooded animals that ploughed through the snowdrifts and scraped brush the ice off the ground to
find food?".(Oard)
For the past several years, Different dinosaur tracks have been discovered at over 1,500 locations
from around the world.(Oard) The number of tracks are in the

Endothermia Condition In Dinosaurs
The reading passage discusses an interesting topic about the possibility of the endothermia condition
in dinosaurs and provides three reasons for support. However, the lecture cast doubts on the claim
made by the article and opposes each of the reasons of the reading passage. First, the reading
passage sustains the idea of endothermic dinosaurs on the fossils discovered in Polar Regions,
meaning that only this type of animals could survived in such low temperatures. On the contrary, the
lecture refutes this idea by arguing that the area where the fossils were discovered was warmer back
in those days when dinosaurs were alive. Moreover, as many reptiles today that live in areas with
cold winters, the dinosaurs could migrate or hibernate escaping

Dinosaurs : What Are Dinosaurs?
Part A: What are Dinosaurs?
Dinosaurs are land–dwelling reptiles that once roamed the Earth and the word comes from a Greek
word that means "terrible lizard". Dinosaurs are defined by their skeleton features, particularly the
way they hold the limbs. Dinosaurs limbs support them from beneath, (like a horse), while modern–
day reptiles (such as crocodiles and lizards) limbs come out from the sides. Dinosaur are a diverse
species ranging in different shapes and sizes and were able to survive in a variety of ecosystems
(Australian Museum, 2016) (Natural History Museum, 2017) (Dinosaur Jungle, 2015).
Dinosaurs are divided into two major groups based on their hip structure, the Saurischia (lizard–
hipped) and the Ornithischia (bird–hipped). In ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The skeleton consisted of Nine isolated teeth, left dentary (lower jaw), right and left upper ribs,
partial right ilium, both ulnae (forearm), right forearm bone, finger bones, claws, right femur (thigh),
both tibiae (shin bones), right fibula (calf bone), right ankle bone, foot bones, foot claws.
Almost all the fossils were discovered at the bottom of a Billabong near the town of Winton,
Queensland. The site was known as Billabong Bonebed, where the greatest amount of dinosaur
bones of the Australovenator and diamantinasaurus ever in Australia. In 1981 near Eagles Nest in
southern Victoria, a dinosaur bone was discovered and immediately recognised as an ankle bone of a
theropod dinosaur. It was first thought to belong to a dwarf species of Allosaurus, because of the
similar features, but in 2009 it was confidently assigned as the Australovenator. The Australovenator
was a 5–6m swift predator that stood about 1.6m high and unlike most theropod dinosaurs, the
Australovenator had

The Discovery Of The Deinonychus Dinosaur
Deinonychus were discovered during the time period of Early Cretaceous, which was between 110
to 115 million years ago. When deinonychus were discovered, paleontologists started to reconsider
how dinosaurs lived. Deinonychus name comes from "terrible claw" (prehistoric Beast of the Week,
2015). This name was given because it was believed that deinonychus were active dinosaurs all year
round (Blagic 2016). The discovery of the deinonychus dinosaur was out of the ordinary. These
features that the deinonychus had was never seen before in any other type of dinosaur. This dinosaur
was intelligent, fast, had claws that could slash a prey bigger than itself, and the hands could grasp
the prey (Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History,
Barnum Brown first discovered Deinonychus between 1931–1932. He found the Deinonychus
bones. He collected their bones and body parts, like the hands and feet from Crow Indian
Reservation. Soon after when Brown died, John Ostrom took over and began the discovery again.
He made his way to Montana to rediscover Deinonychus in 1969. Ostrom found that deinonychus
were much smaller than its cousin Tyrannosaurus Rex. Deinonychus weighed around 50–100 kilos.
(Lowell Dingus and Timothy Rowe, New York, W. H. Freeman and Co., 1998). A lot of information
was found about this one particular dinosaur, which leads to many hypothesis and experiments. The
discovery of the features of a deinonychus dinosaur gives us insights to the feeding behavior it
retains and how

Dinosaurs Extinction
New York, September 28, 3010 one of the biggest days in science history. Five kids named Zayn,
Derek, Suzie, Casey, and Sophia have just discovered how to bring back dinosaurs back from
extinction. Zayn the kid who thought of this idea was kind of nervous when he and his peers made a
genetically modified dinosaur egg. But he was still proud of him and his friends about their
scientific creation. The government demanded more of these mutations so the United States of
America would receive tons of visitors because of this new attraction which means more money for
our country. The government built a huge park with many enclosures for all the dinosaurs that the
kids created after a few days. Couple months went by and the eggs started hatching and the
dinosaurs were put in enclosure. The park opened up and the kids were presenting what happens at
the park to the audience. During the presentation Suzie got a message from one of the managers of
the enclosures saying that there was a dinosaur loose from enclosure 12 which is the biggest
dinosaur which is a spinosaurus.
The US army came to the park and tried to stop the dinosaur and pin him down. That turned out
horrible the soldiers were eaten alive and a mysterious guy from the crowd came in from outside the
park and shutdown all of the enclosures and the dinosaurs broke out. The five kids found the guy
and interrogated him for a long time while the employees were trying to settle down the dinosaurs.
Apparently the guy was

Anatomy Of A Dinosaur
Anatomy of scene This film is based on a long time ago but haves a modern feel. Colin Trevorrow is
an American film director and screenwriter he also directed the book of henry and other Jurassic
worlds. In this frame there is a Dinosaur on the left and a Dinosaur on the right. There is one
Dinosaur in the foreground one Dinosaur in the background. The dinosaurs are about to fight. The
dinosaurs are roaring at each other. This is a mobile shot. The lighting is dark. The camera angle is
low. Eye level camera angle. In this scene you hear dinosaurs roaring and slamming as they fight.
Battling music
The Girl in middle center, dinosaur in top middle/right. Dinosaur is background, dinosaur bones in
mid ground, and girl in foreground. The girl is running for her life. T–Rex spots her, so she runs for
her life and to save her family. Still at the Resort. This shot is Mobile shot at a medium distance, &
the camera is between eye and low level. Lighting still the same beside the red light added. Low
camera angle. You hear the girl breathing & her running also the dinosaur running, you also can hear
stuff being broken. Heroic music. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Building in background, dinosaur in mid ground, girl in foreground. The dinosaur fall and the girl
tries to escape. The dinosaur fall and the girl tries to move out the way so she doesn't get mushed or
eaten by the T–Rex. The setting was still at the resort. This is also a mobile shot, with a close up.
Lighting is still the same, dark. This is another low camera angle with close up. In this scene you
can hear the T–Rex crying/fighting as he falls to the ground, along with the girl breathing heavily
trying to escape and music that was

Dinosaurs Are The Endotherms-Birds
The reading and lecture, both are discussing that the dinosaurs are the endotherms– animals which
keep their body temperature constant. The author of the reading passage believes that the dinosaurs
are the endotherms; whereas, the lecturer does not agree with the author. She puts forth three
aspects, each of which has dismissed the reading assertions. To begin with, the author of the reading
asserts that the finding of the dinosaurs fossils in the polar region are convincing. The author
believes that the animals require to maintain the temperature higher than the surrounding
temperature to live in the low temperature area . This point is directly challenged in the lecture. The
speaker posits that the temperature of the polar region in the time

Dinosaur
Dinosaur Dinosaurs: Extinct or Natural Causes
As geologic time goes, all the dinosaurs living on earth suddenly disappeared. How did these
dominated and gigantic creatures really die? Was it a slow extinction through natural causes, or did
it happen suddenly? These questions give rise to many different beliefs on how the dinosaurs
disappeared over sixty–five million years ago. Something happened sixty–five million years ago, at
the end of the Cretaceous period that was so devastating that it altered the course of life on earth.
Extinction is easily defined: the birth rate fails to keep up with the death rate. However, the
definition does not answer the question about the nature or causes of extinction. Since so many ...
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A massive eruption may have saturated the atmosphere with carbon dioxide so the that a sharp rise
in temperature occurred worldwide. The excessive carbon dioxide would have permitted solar
energy to enter the atmosphere but would have blocked the radiation of most surface heat back into
space, causing the "greenhouse effect". rising temperatures could have killed off or reduced the
activity of plankton, disrupting food chains and also disrupting the plankton's normal role in
converting carbon dioxide to oxygen through photosynthesis. It would have taken long for dinosaurs
to become extinct.
Dinosaurs may have also killed themselves. It is possible that they consumed poison from plants.
The emergence of flowering plants could have poisoned them. These plants contained alkaloids.
Smaller animals with lesser appetites could have survived the doses, but perhaps the dinosaur could
not. Most mammals are smart enough to avoid these poison ness plants because of the bitter taste.
The dinosaurs, however, may have not had the sense or the liver. They could not taste the bitterness
or detoxify the ingested substances. This theory is not scientifically significant because there is no
way of telling if the dinosaurs could taste, or how their digestive system worked.
What if it wasn't the dinosaurs that caused their own extinction, but something greater? Species of
animals that have survived for millions of years have to be well adapted to their environment or they

Dinosaurs Endotherm
The passage and the lecture discuss whether dinosaurs were endotherm or not. Although the author
has proposed clear demonstrations which indicate that dinosaurs were endotherm, the lecturer takes
issue which what has been proposed by the author and believes that these evidence cannot prove the
claim. According to the passage, dinosaurs were endotherm because they some of them lived in the
polar region and only endotherm animals could live in such a cold environment. The lecturer
contradicts this theory and asserts that polar regions were warmer in those days and dinosaurs also
could migrate during cold periods or hibernate just like many modern reptiles. Secondly, the author
points out that leg position of dinosaurs could be another explanation

The Extinction Of The Dinosaurs Extinction
Imagine you were a dinosaur, living 65 million years ago. One day, you are going around doing
what you do on a normal basis, when suddenly you see a giant object coming towards the ground a
few hundred miles away from you. Then suddenly, it goes black as gases block out all light except
for one light coming rapidly towards you. Other dinosaurs are running away from the light as you
start following them. You look behind you to see the light is quickly catching up to you as suddenly
it catches you. You feel immense pain and then you are dead. I believe that the mass extinction of
the dinosaurs sixty–five million years ago was caused by an asteroid ten kilometers wide striking
just off of the coast of the Yucatan peninsula, that caused smoke to block out the sun and for
fireballs to shoot across the sky. About 65 million years ago, an asteroid is said to have crashed off
the coast of the Yucatan peninsula. This crash is what some scientists believe to be the reason the
dinosaurs went extinct. The first to believe that impact was the cause of the extinction were the
father–son duo of Luis and Walter Alvarez. They think that because of the crash the sun was blocked
out by dense clouds of dust. The crash also most likely didn't kill just the dinosaurs but, according to
PBS, "...caused the extinction of just the dinosaurs, but of up to 70 percent of all plants and animals
living at the time." The asteroid was also most likely not traveling very slowly. It is believed it was

The Dinosaurs Of The Mesozoic Era
A traditional archeological dig, facilitated by new technological advancements uncovers raptor
fossils by a team of researchers. This is how the movie Jurassic park begins. It shows almost a
foreshadowing of the events to come as the doctor looking at the technology shows weariness to the
usage of the machine to do the work they could have done by hand. Likewise, the Jurassic Park
movie tells a story of an increased scientific presence in the scientific study of the dinosaurs of the
Mesozoic Era. Due to the ardent work of dinosaur researchers, dinosaurs are brought back to life for
the purpose of education and entertainment. With this financier and developer of the program, Jeff
Hammond brings together a team of scientists, a lawyer and two of his grandchildren on an
adventure to experience the park first hand. However, due to a series of unfortunate events the parks
loses functionality resulting in their team having to physical experience survival during the time of
the dinosaur. While half of the team fights to stay alive the developer his group of survivors must
find a way to rescue the visitors and get back in control of the park. I found the movie to be more
entertaining than educational. It was more for the purposes of telling a story, which I believe was
about the power that genetics has brought humans. The story seems to warn against going too far
with the use of genetic information.This, in my opinion, is greatly exemplified by one of the last
scenes in the movie.

Majestic Dinosaurs
The title of the article I chose is Paleontologists probe the majestic reptiles' origin and rise writen by
Alenxandra Witze. This article talks about paleontologists excavating ancient fossils, giving them
more information about the common ancestor of dinosaurs, and how they came to rule the earth for
millions of years. The author gives us an example of what the ancestor of dinosaurs may have
looked like, by telling us that it "probably looked something like a chicken". Just as there was a
mass extinction that wiped out most dinosaurs, there was a mass extinction millions years before,
that gave the dinosaurs an opportunity to rise and evolve. 252 millions years ago, between the
Permian and Triassic periods a mass extinction wiped out most life on Earth. This gave the
opportunity for new groups to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The oldest piece of evidence showing that the first dinosaurs showed up during the Triassic time
period, are the fossil footprints found that date back 250 million years, although not everyone is
convinced that the footprints are definite evidence. Scientists are not sure how to classify some of
the earliest species found between the three main branches of the dinosaur family tree: Theropods(
two–legged meat eaters), Sauropodomorphs(four–legged, long neck plant eaters), and Ornithiscians
( "bird hipped" dinosaurs). Although these fossils help paleontologists discover new information,
new findings also come from close relatives of dinosaurs, just like "a long talk with an estranged
cousin can help fill in family history, these discoveries are illuminating how dinosaurs evolved
alongside other animals". One of the relatives that helped with this process are the silesaurids. Their
bones help illuminate crucial differences between dinosaurs and their relatives deep in the

Dinosaurs As Endotherms
The reading and the lecture are about endotherms, which are living organism capable of maintaining
body temperature irrespective of their surrounding temperature. The author reports that new
evidences have come to light making dinosaurs more likely to be endotherms. The lecturer is against
this belief. He states that the new evidences aren't enough to consider dinosaurs as endotherms. First
of all, the author contends that polar dinosaur fossils are great evidences that dinosaurs are
endotherms. This is because only animals capable of maintaining a high enough body temperature
will be able to move in the polar regions. The lecturer believes otherwise. He mentions that the polar
regions weren't as cold as they are now. In addition, the polar

Extinction Of The Dinosaurs
The mass extinction of the Cretaceous period
The debate over what happened to the dinosaurs have been one of the most controversial research
topics in history. One minute, the earth was blooming with countless trees and a healthy
environment, then, in the period of seconds, all life on earth was wiped out, creating a mass
extinction across the globe (Bond, 2017). Discovering what ended the cretaceous period has been a
major priority in the scientific world, however, with enough modern day research, scientists have
nailed the extinction of the Dinosaurs down to two major theories; the asteroid impact theory, and
the volcanic eruption theory, both being extremely alike.
As research has been undertaken, scientists have evaluated all possible theories, distinguishing that
there are two major possibilities; the volcano theory and the asteroid impact theory. Both theories
are highly comparable, yet both have distinguishing qualities that indicate their differences. The
Volcano theory, affecting the wide–spread area of India has been proven as a major factor to the
discovery of why the dinosaurs became extinct. Research indicates that 65 million years ago,
monstrous lava beds called Deccan traps covered the surface of the earth, over an area of 500 000
square kilometres (Weishampel, 2017).
Each lava bed released unimaginable amounts of noxious gases, leading to a block of sunlight in the
atmosphere, resulting in all plant life on earth dying out. As a result of all plants having

Tim Elam Dinosaurs
Tim Elam along with his partner, Travis Bibee, entertained us with a fascinating presentation on
dinosaurs. It was quite amusing to watch him through it. The jokes were absolutely "dad jokes"
which I believe keep you focused on the topic. They went over dinosaurs' characteristics,
aesthetically and anatomically and they also spoke about who created the names of the fossils and
creatures. Tim Elam informed us about dinosaurs being similar worldwide, with evidence of fossils,
because the land was one at that time. Through time and division of land they began to adapt and
change slightly. They spoke about saurischian versus ornithischian. There are various different
between these two orders but the most distinguishable ones are the hips.

Arguments Against Dinosaurs
Argument 1
It is said that there has been rare and precious Dinosaur bones discovered in the Eromanga sea, this
almost proves that Dinosaurs once roamed around the shores. Also many of the significant events in
Geological history, over the past 600 million years can be observed at Hallett Cove. Some of the
oldest rocks have been found in these seas. The finding of the Ediacaran could potentially mean that
there can be dinosaur fossils found in the ocean, or even that relatives of the ediacaran could be
considered fossils and could be found in the sea.
Although the Ediacaran period was well before the first appearance of dinosaurs it shows that there
were fossils many years ago. When dinosaurs first appeared things had changed there was still
shallow water which meant that bones could be fossilized. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
The reason for this is because a sedimentary rock is mainly because it is the only rock that would be
able to keep the fossils form. If a fossil was to be in a metamorphic rock in would be deformed
because i metamorphic rock needs pressure which would then flatten the fossil. If it was to be in an
igneous rock the fossil would melt because an igneous rock is created from hot lava from

Dinosaurs : Dinosaurs And Dinosaurs
There were over 1,000 different species of dinosaurs ("Dinosaurs") that lived and evolved for almost
185 million years ("Dinosaur Facts"). Dinosaurs were some of the largest and most mysterious
creatures to walk the Earth. Dinosaurs have helped scientists to understand the Earth and it 's past by
studying different types, how they lived, their characteristics and what caused their mass extinction.
When, where and how did dinosaurs live? Dinosaurs arose around 200 million years ago and lived
and evolved for about 185 million years. There were 5 eras in which dinosaurs were alive; the
Archezoic Era, Proterozoic Era, Palezoic Era, Mesozoic Era and the Cenozoic Era ("Dinosaurs").
Dinosaurs roamed the entire Earth when all continents were ... Show more content on
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After discovering dinosaurs, Paleontologists then had to classify and name the fossils and dinosaurs
they belonged to.
The word dinosaur was invented in 1842 by Richard Owen. Dinosaur comes from the Greek word
"deinos" and "sauros" which translates to fearfully great lizard ("Learn about Dinosaurs").
Dinosaurs are always named in Greek and usually named after their unique fossils, where they 're
found, it's size or a person. Before a dinosaur can be officially named it must be approved by the
International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. It's difficult to figure out how dinosaurs
sounded, mated, behaved, what color/pattern they were and which ones are male or female.
Paleontologists have however been able to discover that dinosaurs hatch from eggs, their bones have
growth rings which can help figure out their age and that the larger dinosaurs lived for roughly 100
years and smaller ones for less. All dinosaurs evolved from other reptiles during the Triassic period.
Dinosaurs are either herbivores or carnivores and are divided into two major groups. Bird hipped,
Ornithischian, or lizard hipped, Saurischa. In the Saurischa hipped dinosaurs the pubis bone is down
and to the front but in Ornithischian hipped it is point down and towards the tail ("Zoom Dinosaur").
The next step was to examine how dinosaurs behaved and their characteristics.
Dinosaurs were some of the largest, heaviest and fastest animals to walk the Earth. The longest
dinosaur was either the

The Geologic Scale Of Dinosaurs
The earth has existed for about 4.6 billion years; the geologic scale divides all of these years into
sections, much like chapters in a book. Each of these sections is unique because it shows all of the
changes on earth's surface throughout the years. The largest of these sections on the geologic scale is
eons. Eons are also divided into another two sections call ears. Eras are then divided into periods
and then periods are divided into epochs. The reasons why the sections have been divided are either
because major organisms developed or went extinct. Organisms go extinct because they either run
out of space or food, or the environment changes making it hard for some organisms to survive the
new environment (Ghose). Dinosaurs started developing after a mass extinction of the Paleozoic Era
just about 125 million years ago. Dinosaurs lived through the Mesozoic Era then later died off
during another mass extinction about 65 million years ago, starting the beginning of the Cenozoic
Era. Almost all dinosaurs and half of the other plants and animals went extinct, some scientist think
that an asteroid hit the earth wiping out everything in sight. At the beginning of the Cenozoic Era,
which still continues today, scientist have a better understanding of this era because humans are
living through it and are able to document everything that happens throughout the years. (Gammon)
When the average person thinks of dinosaurs they envision a big ferocious reptile. Which is mainly
true but

The Good Dinosaur
2015 seems to be the year for dinosaurs, what with the release of 'Jurassic World' earlier and now
'The Good Dinosaur'. While 'Jurassic World' focused on the havoc dinosaurs could create, this movie
revolves around the life of a timid and clumsy dinosaur born in a small family of working dinosaurs.
Directed by Peter Sohn, the movie features actors Raymond Ochoa, Jack Bright, Sam Elliott, Anna
Paquin, and Steve Zahn in the voice over for the dinosaurs. In today's world dinosaurs are extinct
but what if, about 65 million years ago, the asteroid which eventually led to the extinction of
dinosaurs did not hit the earth and only affected them by grabbing their attention for a second as it
swooped over the earth. With this assumption in mind, three

The Discovery Of The Dinosaur
Zhenyuanlong Suni was dinosaur that was officially announced on July 2015 when the official
scientific report (written by the paleontologist who studied it) was published. The dinosaur was
given it's name after Zhenyuan Sun who took it's fossils for a deep study upon being discovered by a
local farmer. The fossils were taken to Jinzhou Paleontological Museum by Zhenyuan Sun for
further examination. The specimen was further studied by paleontologists Stephen Brusatte of the
University of Edinburgh in the United Kingdom and Lü Junchang of the Chinese Academy of
Geological Sciences in Beijing. According to researchers Zhenyuanlong Suni is the largest winged
dinosaur to be discovered so far, and it was known to be carnivorous. In this paper we will examine
the time period which it lived, the climate and the area, and finally it's unique anatomical features.
Based on the researches and labs' results, it is determined that Zhenyuanlong Suni lived in the
Mesozoic Era. This is one of the newest species of dinosaur that had been recovered. Its fossils was
estimated to be at around 125 to 130 million years old. This bring us to a conclusion that
Zhenyuanlong Suni exist during the Barremian Stage of the Early Cretaceous Period. Zhenyuanlong
Suni was among the many other reptile and dinosaur fossils in the Yixian formation.
The Zhenyuanlong suni is a recently discovered dinosaur in Northeastern China. It was found in
sedimentary rocks in the ancient lake beds in Sihedang of

The Extinction of The Dinosaurs
Extinction of Dinosaurs Many different theories exist as to why the dinosaurs went extinct. We
know for sure most dinosaurs died out around 65 million years ago. The majority of scientists agree
on a number of theories as to what brought the end of the dinosaurs. The most popular theory is that
an asteroid ended the reign of the dinosaurs. Another theory, massive climate change in the pre–
historic atmosphere, caused all the dinosaurs to die. Some scientists believe that mammals out
competed dinosaurs for food and other resources. The last theory that dinosaurs died due to a large
amount of volcanism comes up in scientists list of theories as well. Many different theories of why
dinosaurs went extinct include extinction by asteroid, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The power and magnitude of the asteroid is greater than we could ever imagine. If all the world's
atomic weapons went off simultaneously it still wouldn't cause as much damage as this asteroid did
(Erdman). The enormous impact forced large clouds of dust into the air, these clouds blocked the
sun causing darkness and extreme climate changes ("What Killed the Dinosaurs"). Out of all the
extinction theories the asteroid theory has the most evidence backing it up. As time movies by layers
of rock form in the Earth's crust. The rock formed in the layer around formed the time of extinction
contains abnormally large amounts of iridium, a metal found only in asteroids (Erdman). Another
piece of evidence found in the rock is impact ejecta. Impact ejecta results from an explosion
instantly melting bedrock and throwing it into the air. An abundance of impact ejecta in the rock
layer formed near the dinosaur's extinction suggests that a large asteroid destroyed the dinosaurs
("What Killed the Dinosaurs"). Scientists can locate a layer of rock that formed during extinction
because all fossils of a certain species show up under or in a rock layer but never above ("What
Killed the Dinosaurs"). "The crater–like shape of the area, the layer rick in iridium and the age of
the rocks all lend weight to the theory" ("Eden Channel"). Figure

Surviving Dinosaur Extinction
The species that survived the dinosaur extinction are believed to be what life on this planet is
descended from. Aligators, crocodiles, lizards and snakes are among the reptiles that survived what
dinosaurs couldn't. Birds also survived, and are the only descendants of dinosaurs that survived the
mass extinction other than lizards. Frogs and salamanders are among the few small amphibians that
survived. Mammals also survived and they are the largest group to survive the extinction. Over 50%
of the world's population were thought to have died out in the course of this event. Many species
became extinct, some of these were marine reptiles, big amphibians, some reef–building creatures
and some cephalopod molluscs.
Some possible theories for extinction

Characteristics Of Dinosaur
Dinosaurs are a group of reptiles that first appeared during the Triassic period (around 225 million
years ago) and were extinct in the Cretaceous period (about 65 million years ago). Dinosaur are a
diverse species ranging in different shapes and sizes and were able to survive in a variety of
ecosystems (Australian Museum, 2016) (Natural History Museum, 2017) (Dinosaur Jungle, 2015).
The fundamental physical features of a dinosaur are:
Diapsid (animal with two holes in skull behind eye socket)
Vertebrates (animal with a spinal cord surrounded by cartilage or bone)
A hole in the skull between the eye socket and nostril
Ankle that bends in single plane
A secondary palate that allows dinosaurs to eat and breathe at the same time
A large hole in the hip socket
Limbs held directly under the body
Three or more sacral vertebrae
Part B: Dinosaurs Example
Australovenator
The Australovenator is the most completed skeleton of any Cretaceous carnivorous dinosaur ever
found in Australia with approximately 25% of the bones recovered and prepared. The skeleton
consists of two nearly complete forelimbs and hind limbs, along with isolated ribs, gastralia and
both dentaries. The fossils were discovered at the bottom of a Billabong near the town of Winton,
Queensland. The Australovenator was a 5–6m swift predator that stood about 1.6m high and unlike
most theropod dinosaurs, the Australovenator had massive arms and hands with two of its three hand
claws being razor sharp weapons (Age

Stereotypes Of Dinosaurs
Through excavating in bone beds it has become apparent that dinosaurs were more than singular
animals and followed patterns displayed by many current animal groups when concerning family.
Dinosaurs had ranks within their herds and there where often struggles of territoriality, social
dominance, court–ship, and feeding (Tanke & Currie, 1998, pg. 181. These insights have been
gained from light tooth scars around the snout and on top of the skulls of many dinosaurs. While
family units where common among herbivores, theropods also had herds, though they where often
smaller in size. Among herbivores herding was often a means of protection for both adults but also
young and un–hatched eggs (pg. 167). However, one example of a smaller herd was among

The Origins Of The Dinosaur Myth
For over a century, paleontologists have been collecting abundant dinosaur fossils from the Western
Interior of North America, with many of these fossils found in rocks dating back to the final stages
of the Cretaceous Period. Only recently, however, have we learned that most of these dinosaurs
existed on a "lost continent" today referred to as 'Laramidia". (Switek, 2010)
Two new species of horned dinosaurs have been found in the Grand Staircase–Escalante National
Monument in Southern Utah. The bigger of the two new dinosaurs, Utahceratops gettyi, had a skull
2.3 meter (around 7 feet) long. The first part of the name combines the origin of the find and
ceratops, Greek for "horned face". The second part of the name honors Mike Getty, the paleontology

Argument On Dinosaur
Argument 1: Why I believe there is dinosaurs in my backyard because back when there was
dinosaurs there was a shallow sea around hallett cove south Australia which it would be where we
are right now.
Why is this an important point? This is an important point because you need a large amount of water
to make sedimentary rocks.
What factual evidence do you have to support your point (reason)? Because i have and people have
found dinosaur bones around south australia befor.
Argument 2: Why I believe this point (reason); some elaboration and evidence.
What is the point (reason)? I believe this because no one has dug under our house because thats our
house and we can't dig like 300m under our house to find dinosaur bones.
Why is this an important point? Well no one has tried to find dinosaur bones around our place befor.
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Well i have found rocks around my place befor and it has had fossils in it.
Argument 3: Why I believe this point (reason); some elaboration and evidence.
What is the point (reason)? If you go to the beach you can find rocks that have fossils in them and
you can find them in the cliff around the beach.
Why is this an important point? That tells us that there can be fossils around our place or even
dinosaur bones.
What factual evidence do you have to support your point (reason)? My evidence is that i have found
fossils done at the beach.
Conclusion: And that is why i believe there are dinosaurs in my backyard and how there was a
shallow sea where we are right now. And that is my evidence that there is a dinosaur in my

Dinosaurs And Birds Essay
Dinosaurs and Birds
Are birds really dinosaurs or are they simply related? That is a question that has gained new life in
recent years due to the overwhelming facts the are pouring in from newly found fossils and studies
from fossils that have been found in the past. Two groups have formed in the study of this question:
those who believe birds are a direct result of dinosaurs and those who feel dinosaurs and birds must
have had a common ancestor. Determining which view is correct is a matter of opinion based on
fact. The main problem involves the use of cladistics or phylogenetic systematics to group
organisms according to characteristics they share. When one looks at dinosaur fossils, he or she may
feel that certain ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Also, support is gaining that Archaeopteryx was not in fact the first bird, but instead a descendent of
an earlier bird ancestor that had developed along a different pathway and actually represents an
evolutionary dead end.
Two opponents of the "birds are dinosaurs theory" are Alan Feduccia of the University of North
Carolina and Larry Martin of the University of Kansas. They believe that birds evolved from some
unknown reptile from a time before dinosaurs came to be. One point they make is that flight must
have begun from tree climbing or an arboreal ancestor but that all the proposed dinosaurian
ancestors were ground dwellers or cursorial On the other side, supporters for the "birds are
dinosaurs theory" feel there is an unknown dinosaur bird that was arboreal, or simply that birds
evolved flight from the ground by chasing after insects.
In recent years other fossil finds have stirred the argument even more. One of these is the fossil
named Sinosauroptyrex found in China. It appears to be an important link between birds and
dinosaurs. Sinosauropteryx appears to be a feathered dinosaur having a mane of feathers along its
neck, back, and tail–a feature until then seen only in birds. Sinosauroptyrex appears before
Archaeopteryx and gives a substantial link between the theropods and birds. One opponent of this
find is Martin who feels the

Dinosaur Art Essay
The Significance of Dinosaur Art
Dinosaurs are creatures that seem to fascinate humans, since all we have left are their fossils.
Although, through art, their bodies can be put back together and we have a better sense of what they
looked like. The problem with art is that pictures can sometimes be disproportionate, unrealistic, or
even made up. Young children who learn about dinosaurs may think that they are actually different
colors and can talk for example. This is why it is important to make dinosaur art as realistic as
possible and more informative.
In an article titled, "Do They Really Look Like That? The Science Of Dino Art", writer John Roach
discusses people who do art and paleobiology for a living. A man by ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Besides paying attention to new discoveries, paleo artists must notice how information is interpreted
by different people. Paleo artist John Sibbick states that a bunch of people could have the same
scientific information and fossil evidence in front of them, but how they all interpret it is very
different. Everyone has a different artistic style, but the important thing is that their pictures clearly
depict dinosaurs in an accurate environment with the dinosaurs realistic themselves.
Through the years, paleo art has increased greatly, due to an increase in scientific findings and
information being confirmed. The understanding of dinosaurs has increased and "the art has changed
to reflect that", said Sloan (2). One step to an increase in dinosaur understanding and art was in the
1980's. Paleontologist Robert Bakker came up with a theory that dinosaurs were warm–blooded. He
thought that fossils looked more like warm–blooded bones. Eventually his theory was accepted all
over. This had a big impact on dinosaur art and then it encountered a drastic change. Instead of
dinosaurs standing around and doing nothing but eating, they were now running and hunting their
prey. The art changed from still life to a more action filled art, which appealed to more people and
made the lives of dinosaurs seem more complicated than originally believed.
After Robert Bakker's theory, was the discovery of small and medium–sized dinosaurs that were
found in northeastern

Essay The Extinction of The Dinosaurs
Rapid climate change also ends up on the suspect list of possible dinosaur extinction events. During
the latter part of the Cretaceous Period continents broke up causing volcanoes to erupt and fill the
sky with gas and ash resulting in a drastic climate change ("Dinosaurs Climate Change and
Biodiversity"). The shifting of continents changed the Earth's landscape, altering weather patterns
and overall climate ("Dinosaur Extinction Theories"). Also, over a long period of time, climate
gradually changed. Ocean habits changed, temperatures grew much more extreme causing scorching
summers and frigid winters (Norell, Dingus, and Gaffney). Radical temperature changes like these
led to a green–house effect, making life for the dinosaurs a lot ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
They say as mammals continued to evolve, they drove the dinosaurs into extinction ("What Killed
the Dinosaurs"). "Not only did mammals likely compete with dinosaurs for resources, many species
survived the end–Cretaceous extinction and subsequently came to dominate Earth." ("What Killed
the Dinosaurs?"). This is primarily because the early mammals were a lot smaller than the mammals
that exist today. "Some of the world's earliest mammals were the multituberculates, a group of small
rodent like animals that first emerged on Earth about 165 million years ago." (Welsh, Jennifer).
Scientists predict that any mass extinction event that caused animals to go extinct affected larger
animals than it did the smaller animals, such as mammals ("Dinosaurs Became Extinct 'due to
Laying Eggs'"). Mammals remained small for almost 100 million years, while they out competed
small and baby dinosaurs for food, shelter and resources until they were extinct. Once the dinosaurs
were out of the way mammals were able to evolve and grow large in size like the mammals that
exist today today (LiveScience). Fossil evidence sheds some light on this theory as well. Fossils of
mammals believed to date back to about eighty five million years ago show that mammals began to
change rapidly and grow. "This matches up with other mammal groups, including recently
discovered species from the Late Cretaceous (between 100 million and 65 million years ago)
showing highly specialized

Theropod Dinosaurs
Birds have been around for a long time. We see them every day and everywhere we go but have you
ever stopped and wondered where they came from and how they fly? Paleontologists, ornithologists,
and other scientists have been trying to understand where birds came from, understanding feathers,
and why, when, and how birds fly. Most of these questions are still being studied today.
The origin of birds began during the Mesozoic Era in the Jurassic Period, about 200 Ma (million
years) to 146 Ma ago. All birds today were derived from theropod dinosaurs. Theropod dinosaurs
include some of the most recognized dinosaurs today including, Tyrannosaurus, Velociraptor, and
Spinosaurus. The relation between theropod dinosaurs and birds came from the discovery ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
After the discovery of Archaeopteryx it became the "missing link" in connecting the dots to where
birds derived from. From studying the earliest feathers and coming up with theories as to why a bird
evolved to fly are vital questions that yet to be understood and answered

Dinosaurs Extinction
You're on a weekend adventure at the Omaha Zoo. Your hopes are high to regard the roaring lions,
see the sea lions, and look at the lush plant life throughout the zoo. However, as you look around,
you realize that the animal enclosures are barren:wastelands of cement and trash. Then you see a
small sign that reads, "Extinct." You discover that ninety–five percent of animal and plant life that
were once main attractions of the zoo no longer encompass the earth. Extinction is a reality that
faces us today, and it is becoming even more prevalent as we progress into the future. Extinction
might seem like a far–off problem for [Noah's flood joke?] science fiction to deal with, but it isn't;
and it is important to know how and why extinction happens in our world today. Human beings play
a larger role in extinctions that what might be obvious at first glance: examining extinctions of the
past and present allows us to predict our own potential demise.
As Queen said... AOBTD
As far as extinctions of the past go, dinosaurs are the best known example of worldwide devastation
of a single species. The origin of the dinosaur destruction that marks the end of the Cretaceous era is
a scientific enigma. Although scientists are uncertain of the exact cause of this mass extinction,
according to columnist Ker Than in a 2013 issue of National Geographic, there are just a few viable
hypotheses. One point scientists are sure on, is that the reason for this mass extinction event is a
natural

Dinosaurs Are Awesome
If I had a time machine, I would want to go to a very famous time 67 million years ago. Although no
humans were living during that time, I still want to see how different earth was during that time so I
could confirm and add to the overall knowledge about the dinosaurs. The Cretaceous time period
was the last time period in which dinosaurs are seen. This time period spanned from 144 million
years ago (mya) to 66 mya; right after the Jurassic time period and before the Tertiary. This is a time
when dinosaurs were at their height with many thousands of different species known or yet to be
identified. Our earliest ancestors were small rodent–like mammals that lived during this time and
gradually evolved into the many different types of mammals we see today. The dinosaurs though,
would become small reptiles such as the lizards we see today after one of the greatest known
extinctions of all times–the K–T Extinction also known as the extinction of the dinosaurs. In this
time, I would see many giant dinosaurs such as the T–rex. These dinosaurs would be competing for
their own survival and their children's survival very roughly by killing other dinosaurs who get too
close to their nests or them. During this time, I would be wondering how did these giant creatures 30
feet tall die and have us puny mammals take their place as the dominant species? I would then
recount that thanks to a combination of a massive asteroid hitting earth, mammals, deadly diseases,
volcanoes, flowering

Explaining Dinosaurs' Extintion
Though there is not one definitive explanation to explain dinosaurs' extinction, there are various
theories that attempt to account for the mystery of their extinction. The theories that explain their
extinction at the end of the Cretaceous period are the asteroid, the volcanoes, and the major climatic
changes. The most popular theory for the extinction of the dinosaurs is that the Earth was hit by an
asteroid or a comet. Was the impact actually the cause behind the dinosaur's extinction? Or was it
something completely different? An analysis of the evidence surrounding the extinction of
dinosaur's reveals that there are several different hypothesis that give theory on what might have
happened.
Over 65 million years ago, planet Earth consisted of an extraordinary species known as dinosaurs.
During this time something extremely large hit the earth, causing global devastation. "65% of all life
on the face of the planet was snuffed out of existence and the dinosaurs that roamed the planet up to
that point were no more" (O'Neill, 2009). Curiosity has grown over the past hundred years, and
scientists and researchers have given their life to find out what exactly happened on that mysterious
day. "A dinosaur extinction hypothesis is a testable statement describing factors that may have
contributed to the dinosaurs' demise and how long the process may have taken. Evidence,
observation, and experimentation can serve to support or disprove a hypothesis. Regardless of its
ultimate

Dinosaurs Case Study
Digging Dinosaurs
Level A:
You are swimming underwater in a lake and you see dinosaur feet in the water. You don't want to go
to the surface of the lake in case they are not friendly dinosaurs.
How many dinosaurs are standing in the lake? Explain how you know. Use words and mathematical
language to explain your solution..
Problem Restated: This basically states try to find all possible combinations and outcomes for this
type of situation.
Process: The very first thing I did was to find out that there weren't any dinosaurs with 1,3,5,6,7,8
feet. (Lincoln and John helped with that). Next, I figured that if there were only two–legged
dinosaurs it would be four of them. 2+2+2+2=8. There could also be four–legged dinosaurs. In this
case 4 x 2 = 8 found the number of dinosaurs. Last, there could be a combination of dinosaurs in the
lake. A four–legged and two two–legged beasts.
Math:
2 four–legged dinosaurs make up eight feet or 4 + 4= 8
4 two–legged dinosaurs make eight feet or 2+2+2+2=8
1 four–legged dinosaurs and 2 two–legged dinosaurs make 8 feet or 4+2+2=8
Solution: A possible four two–legged, and two four–legged, as well as one four–legged and two
two–legged. So 2,3,4 dinosaurs
Level B:
You want to go with your sister to the museum to see the dinosaur exhibit.The museum has three
different plans to pay for going to see the dinosaurs.
Museum Rate Plans
Plan A: Pay 3.00 per person to visit the museum
Plan B: Monthly membership is 8.00 for each person, but you can

Dinosaur Decay
Dinosaurs roamed the earth many million years ago while roaming parts of Maryland for many of
their history here on earth. There were many species that were predominantly found in this location.
Around twelve species of dinosaur like animals can be traced back to these parts of Maryland.
Dinosaurs wandered in this area from Late Triassic to Late Cretaceous periods. Maryland had a
distinct climate changes during these periods. Once it was tropical and had volcanoes and changed
to warm and shallow temperatures. Because of these temperatures we were able to find
preservations of these few dinosaur fossils. These fossils resisted decaying and were found in low
lying areas and were buried in alluvial sediments. If they were not destroyed by other

The Extinction Of Dinosaurs
Cribbins 1 Hook. The extinction of dinosaurs is a mystery in itself that has stumped scientists all
over the world for decades, and they still look for new answers every day. Scientists know some
background information, but cannot connect the dots to see the bigger picture. There was little
interest in the topic until Luis and Walter Alvarez proposed a groundbreaking hypothesis, which
today we call the "Alvarez Hypothesis". This new idea of the Alvarez's was exciting, and therefore
got the media talking about it, which in turn started the search of how the dinosaurs went extinct.
Another popular theory of how dinosaurs went extinct is the Volcanism Theory. Scientists have
recently found new evidence supporting both sides of this debate. Although many dinosaur
extinction theories exist, only the Alvarez Hypothesis is correct. Scientists abase their extinction
theories off one of commonly known piece of information: that there was a change in climate
around the time of the K–T boundary. Both major theories support this idea, and both believe that
something blocked out the Sun for many months. This stopped the photosynthesis in plants, the base
of the food chain. Without plants, the food chain was majorly affected. A domino effect happened,
and one species died out after another. Eventually all species of dinosaurs died out. Scientists know
that there was a global climatic change, but are not sure how it happened. The topic of the K–T
Extinction received little

Dinosaurs Are Endotherms Summary
The author states that there is a considerable evidence that dinosaurs were endotherms and provides
three resons. In contrast, the professor states that many scientists have problem with the author
arguments and she oppses each of the author's reasons. First, the article claims that one reasons for
believing that dinosaurs were endotherms is that dinosayrs fossils have been discovered in polar
regions. However, the professor refutes this point by saying that when dinosaurs lived in the polar
regions, these regions were warm enough to have non endotherm animal to live there. She added
that when the climate became cold, dinosaurs migrated or habrinated to a warmer area. As aresult
the presence of fossils in polar regions does not approve that

Extinction Of Dinosaurs Extinction
The extinction of dinosaurs could have been caused by many different things. One main reason that
is thought around the world is that dinosaurs went extinct because an asteroid fell onto earth at
speeds that are too fast for the human mind to even imagine. This idea was thought when and
asteroid crater was found near mexico. Also to support the facts many scientist found traces of rare
metal onto the earth's surface. This metal is not very common here but is really common in outer
space. Today we will be looking at why these huge creatures died of the face of the planet in just a
matter of months.
One reason, these greatebeastes were exterminated was that they alter the asteroid hit the ground a
huge ball of dust and debris was sent into the earth. This dust covered the earth in just a matter of
hours. This was crucial to their extinction because the sun was blocked plants did not receive and
sun light and herbivorous ( plant eating animals) could not get any food from the plants because
most of the plants died. This was just one of the first reasons that the dinosaur race was wiped of
this earth. You may ask how big the asteroid had to be, well put it into perspective the asteroid was
about the size of 110 empire state buildings and had the weight of 211,000 empire states buildings
put together. This asteroid was the biggest asteroid to ever hit earth that we know of. This big of a
hit throw 70 billion tons of soot out of the earth and that dust polluted the skies. If

Smell Of The Dinosaur Summary

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