Genetic Modification Essay

Genetic Modification Essay
Genetic modification is a subject that has been hotly debated in the past, and remains a topic of
controversy today. There are many critical discussions to be had with genetically modified (GM)
products, however, this paper will focus on corn crops that have been modified to incorporate
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) genes. Corn is the largest food crop in the world and Bt corn is one of the
largest crops in North America. Bt corn has several benefits, yet, there are also many potential
problems with the crop and its impacts on local ecosystems. Although environmental issues may
raise concerns, Bt crops have an immense upside with proper management of the Bt gene.
Bacillus thuringiensis is a bacteria species that can be used as a pesticide. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
He concludes, more investigation of the ecological and biological interactions involving the Bt
genes needs to be done before effective insect resistant management strategies can be crafted.
Increasing insect, bacterial, and viral resistances are some of the primary concerns with genetically
modified crops. Recently, there have been several new documented insect resistances to the Bt gene
that have raised major concerns in the scientific community about the future of genetic engineering
(Coates 2016). Ostrina nubilalis was the largest pest to corn crops prior to the introduction of Bt
crops, populations of O. nubilalis saw drastic decreases after the widespread implementation of Bt
crops. Once the Bt crops were employed, new insect resistant management strategies needed to be
adopted to stop insect resistances from forming too rapidly. Unfortunately, these strategies seem to
be an insufficient means in preventing resistances forming swiftly and negating the sustainability of
these B crops (Coates 2016). Currently, there is not enough information about the interactions
between the crops and their pests to develop effective insect resistant management strategies (Coates
2016).
One of the major advantages of biological
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Maize : A Crop From Central America
Introduction
Maize, commonly referred to as corn, is a cereal crop originating from Central America. It is the
largest grain produced annually around the world (IITA 2009). Primarily Maize is used for feeding
livestock. It is also used as raw material in the starch industry, forming the basis for many common
foods and additives (GMO 2016). All parts of the plant can be used; Maize is rich in vitamins,
carbohydrates, protein, minerals, and a staple for more than 1.2 billion people (GMO 2016). Maize
has been genetically modified to improve its growing capabilities, with the aim of increasing
herbicide tolerance and insect resistance for the plant (GMO 2016), in order to increase the Maize
industry and feed the growing number of people reliant on the plant for food.
1. History and Distribution
Maize originated from Central America, and was introduced into Europe in 1492 when Spanish
Explorer Christopher Columbus discovered the plant and began exporting it to Europe (L. Gibson
2002). By the late 1500s Maize had spread throughout Europe and into Asia and Africa, where it
remains a staple food for 50% of low income households (IITA 2009). Maize was first genetically
modified in Canada in 1997, and was approved for use in Europe in the same year, and growing of
GM Maize began in Spain in 1997 (GMO 2016). In 1997, as GM Maize was first produced, the
European Union introduced mandatory laws on the labelling of all genetically modified products
(Shireen, 2013). As genetically

The 's Health And The General Economy
In Swaziland, agriculture plays a huge role in all of the individuals' lives. Over 2/3 of my country's
population work on small farms that grow corn; corn is the dominant in my country. According to
Hanran (2000), over 20 million individuals from six other nations, including 270,000 individuals of
my own have been affected by the devastating famine. As the King of Swaziland, it is my
responsibility to find a solution to the famine my country is currently experiencing. The genetically
modified (GM) corn that the United States are offering to my country are a short term solution that
will help feed the population and save the lives of many. Although GM foods may have several
disadvantages, it has many benefits to one's health and the general ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
261). Outcrossing from GM plants to local crops have an indirect effect on food safety and security.
By adopting strategies such as an explicit separation of the field within GM crops and local crops
that are grown or using greenhouses can decrease the probability of genes migrating to conventional
crops. In contribution to the contamination of my local crops, I feared that once the drought and the
famine ended, my export with the European Nation will be jeopardized. If the possibility of having a
contamination caused by the GM crops planted by several farmers, such a transfer will disrupt my
trade and cause me to lose my export markets in the European nation. According to Taylor and Tick
(2001), an increasing number of crops that are lawfully grown and sold in the country cannot be
lawfully sold in some foreign markets. When questioning the European Nation about the possibility
of exporting such crops, the nation decided that they will not accept GM crops for any reason.
Fortunately, if I do accept the United States substantial offer, and I lose my export trade with the
European nation, the United States offered a trade with them, which indeed creates a significant
investment in my country and it generates several jobs to the population. As the king of Swaziland,
it is my responsibility to determine if the chemicals added into the GM corn that my people will
consume during this lamenting period will not be harmful to the

Genetically Living Being ( Gmo )
Hereditarily Altered Living being (GMO) is a standout amongst the most vital issues from around
the globe. GMOs are exceptional living beings in which the hereditary material has been modified
for development profitability and item quality. GMOs have raised worries over their own valuable in
that they are impervious to illness, help people experiencing starvation, deliver more prominent
yields, and enhance the nourishment of sustenance's. Having nourishments is vital to human life to
keep up great wellbeing and to survive. It is not mystery that GMO–ed sustenance's have spread out
quickly to the entire world. On the off chance that we couldn 't stop the expansion of GMO, we
ought to know why it is unsafe to our wellbeing and how we can avoid it. As a matter of first
importance, GMOs are destructive to our wellbeing. Second, transgenic crops prompt to genuine
annihilation of nature and have debased natural harvests. Third, significant organizations, which
work intimately with GMOs, expect to corner showcase nourishments. At last, GMO, it ought to be
named and individuals to be perceived how perilous GMO for us. To start with, in the way that
humankind doesn 't have attempted to eat GMOs infused a quality from another animal types,
GMOs won 't be guaranteed nourishment security not at all like demonstrated natural sustenance's
which has been eaten for mankind 's history. In notwithstanding of the hazardousness, the
sustenance's have still been on our table without check.

The Pros And Cons Of Genetically Modified Foods
As the spread of commercialized genetically modified foods (GMF) products rise, the number of
people exposed to genetically modified foods incline globally. The term genetically modified foods
can be used interchangeably with transgenic foods, genetically engineered crops (GE) and
Recombinant DNA technology and therefore defined as the enhancement of foods in which a gene
of interest from one organism is extracted and inserted into the target organisms. (1) The genes of
interest may be cells from bacteria, insects, animals, plants or viruses. Although the controversial
idea seems fairly new genetically engineered crops were introduced as early as the 90s without the
knowledge of most consumers. The United States leads as the top producer ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Body Evidence 1: In terms of its conservational effects, toxicity is a massive matter regarding GM
crops. More than 80% of all genetically modified crops grown worldwide have been engineered for
herbicide tolerance. As a result, the use of toxic herbicides, such as Roundup, has increased
fifteenfold since GMOs were first introduced. (3) GM crops create toxins in the soil wherever they
are planted. When toxic residues are released into the soil through the GM crop, toxins can prevent
the growth of good bacteria that are essential for plant growth. Consequently, there are fewer soil
bacteria, which are integral to the healthy soil for plants to grow without the use of chemical
fertilizers. Nutrients are not returned to the soil, thus leaving the soil dry and void of all vital
nutrients for growth. When GM crops are planted, generally in a monocrop fashion, traditional seeds
are no longer used. Framers then become accustomed to the GMO seeds creating a cycle of
dependence on GMO seeds and chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and herbicides to grow a single crop.
In addition to soil issues, the irrigation used to grow GM foods naturally carries all of these
problems into water sources and into the air. (3) This exposes different bacteria, insects, and animals
to the same problems. Thus, creating pesticide resistant superbugs; the toxins originally used to

Plant Mitochondri Cytochrome Oxidase And The Cyanide...
Plant mitochondria include two terminal oxidases: cytochrome oxidase and the cyanide–insensitive
alternative oxidase. Electron partitioning between the two pathways is regulated by the redox
equilibrium of the ubiquinone pool and the activation state of the alternative oxidase. The alternative
oxidase appears to exist as a dimer, which is active in the reduced, noncovalently linked form, and
inactive when in the oxidized, covalently linked form. Reduction of the oxidase in detached tobacco
mitochondria occurs upon oxidation of isocitrate or malate and may be mediated by matrix
NAD(P)H. The energy of the reduced oxidase is influenced by certain other organic acids, notably
pyruvate, which appear to interact directly with the enzyme. Pyruvate alters the interaction between
the alternative oxidase and ubiquinol so that the oxidase becomes active at much lower levels of
ubiquinol and competes with the cytochrome pathway for electrons. These will be further explored
in this piece.
Cyanide–resistant respiration was found toward the beginning of the twentieth century as a
singularity in thermogenic plants in the middle of anthesis and was later seen to be a regular
highlight of plant respiration. The think of respiration impenetrable to cyanide is related with the
closeness in the respiratory chain of an supplemental terminal oxidase – alternative oxidase (AOX).
The closeness of AOX in higher plant mitochondria propose an intriguing, favorable exchange
regarding its title in vivo

Advantages Of Genetically Modified Crops
The Advantages of GMO crops Genetically modified crops have shorter maturation periods,
meaning they can be harvested much faster and in shorter intervals. Therefore farmers can produce
more crops in shorter time frames and increase their profitability Genetically modified crops make
agriculture more sustainable. Due to the short maturation periods, soil salinity decreases as the crops
don't spend as long taking nutrients and minerals out of the soil. Genetically modified crops are
made to be better/improved and carry strong genes for certain favourable characteristics. This allows
for higher quality crops to be produced. They have resistance to diseases and viruses, herbicides and
pesticides. There is an increased yield in the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(http://worldnewsdailyreport.com/doctors–confirm–first–human–death–officially–caused–by–
gmos/) Inserting new genes into crops can cause the existing genes to react in unknown ways
changing the characteristics and quality of the product. (http://nwrage.org/content/10–reasons–
oppose–genetic–engineering ) Why people are opposed to the genetic modification of organisms
People believe that by inserting genes of another species into crops the taste and physical
characteristics will change/differ. Genetically modified crops cost a lot more to produce; more than
expected therefore some farmers are against it. There is an increased use of pesticides and herbicides
due to herbicide resistance in the genetically modified crops which is harmful to the environment
therefore people do not support GM crops. People believe that GM organisms are unnatural and for
that reason are unsafe. There has not been enough testing done on genetically modified products to
deem them completely safe therefore they are avoided. People believe that by producing GMO's
scientists are 'playing God' and that it is not morally

Coca Corn : Viewing Both Sides Of Its Environmental Impact...
Jaime Lopez
Bio 490–Senior Project
Term Paper
4/17/2016
GM Corn: Viewing both sides of its Environmental Impact
For hundreds of years, we as a species have been growing crops and cross pollenating crops to
create new gene types to feed millions of people in the world. With the population soaring in the
20th Century resources will be exploited and the amount of food available will not meet the
standards of many individuals (Connor et al., 2003; Phipps and Park, 2002). Crop growers are
facing challenges in terms of finding productive lands, growing nutritional crops, and finding an
alternative to reducing pesticide usage (Phipps and Park, 2002). Scientists and crop growers are
looking into GMO technology to help with the ongoing challenges they are currently facing (Phipps
and Park, 2002).
Introducing this new technology hasn't really gone well with the public because there is still
concerns in what are the effects towards the environment and health safety (Somerville, 2000). The
main crops that have been genetically modified are soybean, maize, cotton and oilseed rape (Phipps
and Park, 2002). GM crops have shown positive results in pest and disease resistance, crop yield
increases, reduction in pesticides, and environmental and nutritional improvements (Connor et al.
2003; Phipps and Park, 2002). However, activists view GMO's to be dangerous to the environment
and public health (Somerville, 2000). GM crops can be the one piece of technology that we need to
tackle one of

Genetically Modified Food : The United State Department Of...
As a scientist from the United State Department of Agriculture, I would recommend the adoption of
the GM corn being provided by the US. Genetically modified crops are a breakthrough technology
as they accelerate the breeding of crops and make crop production more efficient. I will like to
highlight the focus on the issue of safety of the GM corn. The 'anti–GM faction' has tried to suggest
that GM corn is not safe for human consumption, but I will prove that the GM corn is perfectly safe
for human consumption.
First, I would highlight the fact that the population of the world is increasing and the resources are
decreasing which puts us into a dire need of new ways to feed the growing population. The solution
to this problem is––Genetically Modified food.
The World Health Organization (WHO) defines genetically modified organisms(GMO) as those
organisms in which the genetic material has been altered in a way that does not occur
naturally(WHO,2002). The GM corn which is being provided is engineered to express genes which
provide pest resistance(Bt corn) and herbicide resistant maize(Roundup Ready Corn).
The safety assessment process of the GM corn and GM food, in general, is very stringent. The
following are checked to assure the safety of the GM food (A.Cockburn,2002 and José L.
Domingo,2007):
Toxicity,
Allergenicity,
Nutritional and anti–nutritional effects
Gene transfer and stability of the inserted gene The principle of substantial equivalence is used to
determine

Genetically Modified Food
When I was a kid, science teacher taught me Genetically Modified Food is the research of the future
and will lead to solving the famine issues of the future. I heard lots of scientists were researching the
Genetically Modified Food and that they had already ended the experiment. So I thought no one
would have to bear hunger. Nowadays, despite the progress on Genetically Modified Food, many
people continue to suffer from famine. A lot of Genetically Modified Food comes to the market but
they do not affect the market price enough to completely solve world hunger. Furthermore, there are
various ethical issues concerning the use of Genetically Modified Food. In this essay, I would like to
discuss these ethical issues by first discussing the current debate of Genetically Modified Food's
effects to human body, the current practices involving Genetically Modified Food, and why this
controversy warrants labeling of Genetically Modified Food to help the consumers make informed
decisions of what type of food they are buying.
Today, some people do not even realize that the products what they put in the shopping basket are
actually Genetically Modified Foods. The groceries that are highly modified are Canola oil, milk,
soy bean and corn. Specifically, the soy bean and corn are the most consumed Genetically Modified
Foods in the supermarkets. In 2000, the United States Department of Agriculture approximated that
25 percent of corns, which are produced in United States, contained

Toxic Tacos? the Case of Genetically Modified Foods Essay...
Issues
This case is about the usage of genetically modified foods and up till today, this problem is
continuing. It was stated that Taco Bell was accused of using StarLink corn (a type of genetically
modified corn) in their taco shells. The StarLink had been approved by the Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) that it is safe for animal but not human consumption. From the time when
this case happens, the public started to be aware of the possible dangers of genetically modified
foods. Other than that, the prices of corn start to decline. This case had generated debates about
genetically modified foods.
There are two groups that shares different views about genetically modified food. One of the groups
is the proponents of genetically ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Otherwise, it can be that Taco Bell does not consider the ethical dimension of decision making;
meaning that Taco Bell uses the genetically modified corn without realizing that it will have a
negative impact on their consumers. It is ascertain that Taco Bell did not adopt a moral approach. It
is because they did not conform to a high level of ethical behavior nor did they conform to
professional standards. If they did, Taco Bell will examine the corn before it is used; they should
search out if it is possible to cause harm upon others.
There are ethical issues in the area of technology. One of the key issues is technological
determinism. Technological determinism indicates that what can be developed will be developed.
Those people that work with technology are driven to push the boundary of technology development
without the thinking about the ethical issues. In this case, Taco Bell had made use of technology in
their business without thinking about the ethical factors. They made use of StarLink genetically
modified corn to make the corn resistant to pests. Taco Bell us genetically modified corn in their
product without thinking about the side effects that it will have on human health. They are being
unethical as although the genetically modified corn contain a foreign protein that is probably safe
for human consumption, it has some of the chemical characteristics of a human allergen which can
cause anything from a mild allergic reaction to

Annotated Bibliography
Topic Proposal and Annotated Bibliography
Alexander Hynes
Creighton University
Topic Proposal
In my research paper, I will attempt to determine how the perception of light in phytochromes plays
a role in the development of plants. Specifically, I will look at how phytochromes play a role in the
growth and development of Arabidopsis thaliana. The paper will also look at how light perception
plays a role in phototropism and the immune systems of a plant. Finally, my paper will explore how
changing light conditions impact perception in phytochromes.
Annotated Bibliography
Arana, M. V., Sánchez–Lamas, M., Strasser, B., Ibarra, S. E., Cerdán, P. D., Botto, J. F., & Sánchez,
R. A. (2014). Functional diversity of phytochrome family in the control ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Specifically, the authors looked at the effect that the red to far red light ratio had on branching in
Arabidopsis. The authors ultimately found that the effect that phytochromes had on branching varied
significantly depending on the environment that the plant was in. Through the observations of the
authors, this primary literature will be useful in helping me assess the effects that phytochromes
have in the development of branches in

Genetically Modified Foods Debate
Many consumers do not wish to eat food that has been dosed with pesticides because of the
possibility of health hazards. However, genetically modified foods are quite capable of helping
eliminating the utilization of harmful chemical pesticides. Due to this, many farmers choose and
prefer to plant biotech produce because of this benefit. In recent news, Sudan decided to take part in
planting a type of these crops, Bt cotton. The production of Bt cotton has led to a decrease in the
amount of insecticides used by 50%, reducing the risk of exposure to these chemicals. In China, the
use of Bt cotton has led to a reduction of 78,000 tons of pesticide which covers about a quarter of
what China has sprayed. (ISAAA,
http://www.isaaa.org/resources/publications/briefs/44/executivesummary/default.asp) Furthermore,
the uses of these types of biotech crops allow a reduction of risks associated with agricultural waste
run–offs. GMOs in these countries show how they are beneficial especially for preventing
environmental and human contact damage.
As the population on the world continues to increase rapidly, soon farmers will need to find a way to
grow crops in unsuited areas. This is where GMOs come in. A company, Dupont Pioneer, released
eight versions of its customarily bred Aquamax corn and found that it boosts yields up by 7% in
drought conditions compared to regular grown corn. Additionally, interbreeding the genetically
modified food such as the Aquamax corn with ordinary corn can

Genetically Modified Food And Its Effects On The Consumer
In the year 2050, nearly 10 billion people will call Earth home. Food producers must increase food
production by 70% in order to feed the increasing population (Rangel, 2015, para. 20). A solution to
increase the production from farms across the globe is to genetically modify food. Scientists can
manipulate the genes of different crops to increase the crops size, quantity, shelf life and even
resistance to pests. In recent years, genetically modified foods have begun to show up in grocery
stores across the globe. Some consumers do not object to eating genetically modified food, but
others have started to question how genetically modified food could affect the consumer. Rangel
(2015) wrote that genetically modified objects are not new to society and should be nothing to worry
about. He stated that humans have altered the genetics of organisms for over 30,000 years through
the process of selective breeding or artificial selection (para. 1). Selective breeding may not be
conducted in a lab like genetically modified objects (GMO) today, but it is comparable to GMOs
because through selective breeding, farmers choose the plants with the most desirable traits and
plant the seeds from those plants in order to have an enhanced crop the following year. Even though
studies have found pros and cons of genetically modified food, researchers still need to conduct
additional studies in order to better understand how genetically modified food could possibly affect
the health of humans. In

Are Genetically Modified Crops Good For Society?
Tiffany Hummel English 301 Professor Shen 5/11/17 Are Genetically Modified Crops Good for
Society? Genetically Modified (GM) foods are found in almost every food sold in groceries stores
all over the United States. They can be found in packaged to even fresh fruits and vegetables.
According to the Institute for Responsible Technology GM, major commodity crops such as corn
and soybeans have found to be 90% or more to have been raised by a GM seed (Smith 1). They are
genetically modified for many different reasons whether it is for more nutrients, a larger size or
removal of pesticides. The problematic issue is that some believe that GM foods are too expensive,
they effect human health or it is toxic to the environment. Ultimately, GM crops ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Bt is a soil–dwelling bacterium, commonly used as a biological pesticide which is naturally found in
the gut of caterpillars (GMO Food Safety 1). Today GM plants are now made with other plants
instead. A newer method, referred to as "transgenomics", does not involve DNA marking or
insertions. Basically it is cross–breeding plants of the same species. Scientists believe certain traits
are created not only by a particular gene, but by the way groups of genes interact with each other
(Om Organics). The most beneficial aspect of transgenic technology is now also being used to
remove the allergens such as from peanuts, one of most serious causes of food allergy. So why are is
there a huge argument against GM crops if they are helping society? In my opinion, GM crops do
more help than harm because positive results are found in the economy, human health, and the
environment due to new improving advancements in research. To start with my argument a common
misconception is that producing GM crops can cost more than to buy them. Another benefit of GM
crops is that it has caused global reduction in pesticide spraying by 581 million kg between 1996
and 2014 (Staropoli 1). As a result of reducing pesticide spraying, it decreases the amount of money
being used to manufacture the pesticides and the loss of pest infestations on crops such as corn and
cotton. Much of the economic boom throughout the GM

monsanto paper critical analysis
aTitle: A review of core issues relating to the global adoption of genetically modified foods.
As we are confronted by more and more information, it is of great importance that as global citizens
we endeavour to form our own conclusions by thoroughly analysing factual data. Often information
we are presented with can carry a vast undertone of additional, and usually bias information, which
conveyed through language, body language, and even in extreme, but uncommon instances,
subliminal messaging. Professionals in environmental management must be able to efficiently draw
unbiased conclusions by filtering large quantities of information and communicate their findings
effectively. In environmental management, global issues typically ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Too few rats were also used in the control groups with only 10 of each sex.
This paper will be useful in demonstrating the extent of obvious bias seen across much of the
research about GM foods. It was also purposely designed to mimic the methods used in Monsanto's
paper (Hammond et.al 2004). It claims to provide strong contradictory views that can be used in
setting the context of the debate. The flaws present in experimentation and obvious intention of
generating publicity can be elaborated in assessing key elements of the controversy.
B. Hammond, R. Dudek, J. Lemen, M. Nemeth. (2004) Results of a 13 week safety assurance study
with rats fed grain from glyphosate tolerant corn. Food and Chemical Toxicology 42. Pg 1003–1014
Peer Reviewed Journal
All three authors of this paper are associated with Monsanto, who also provided the funding for the
paper, making the paper extremely bias and leaving no room for alternate interpretations of findings.
As the strain of maize had not been adopted worldwide it can be assumed that the authors were
motivated publish data confirming the safety of the product. It thoroughly documents the study's
methodology and references a wide range of literature. A large number of test subjects were used in
each group. Rigorous results are shown and are clear and easy to interpret. The paper claims to have
found minimal changes in body weight,

Essay on Transgenic Rice Plants
For centuries, rice has been one of the most important staple crops for the world and it now
currently feeds more than two billion people, mostly living in developing countries. Rice is the
major food source of Japan and China and it enjoys a long history of use in both cultures. In 1994,
worldwide rice production peaked at 530 million metric tons. Yet, more than 200 million tons of rice
are lost each year to biotic stresses such as disease and insect infestation. This extreme loss of crop
is estimated to cost at least several billion dollars per year and heavy losses often leave third world
countries desperate for their staple food.
Therefore, measures must be taken to decrease the amount of crop loss and ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This was useful for delivering the protein inhibitor to insects which eat plant material. The
selectable marker in this trial was the bacterial phosphinothricin acetyl transferase gene (bar) which
was linked to the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter. Next the plasmid pTW was
injected into cell cultures of Japonica rice using the
BiolisticTM particle delivery system. The BiolisticTM system proceeds as follows: Immature
embryos and embryonic calli of six rice materials were bombarded with tungsten particles coated
with DNA of two plasmids containing the appropriate genes. The plant materials showed high
frequency of expression of genes when stained with X–Gluc. The number of blue or transgenic units
was approximately 1,000.
After one week, the transgenic cells were transferred onto selection medium containing hygromycin
B. After two weeks, fresh cell cultures could be seen on bombarded tissue. Some cultures were
white and some cultures were blue.
Isolated cell cultures were further selected on hygromycin resistance. However, no control plant
survived.
Then twenty plates of cells were bombarded with the PINII gene, from which over two hundred
plants were regenerated and grown in a greenhouse. After their growth, they were tested for PINII
gene using
DNA blot hybridization and 73% of the plants were found to be transgenic.
DNA blot hybridization is the process by which DNA from each sample was digested by a

Transgenic Plants And Its Effects Essay
A few years back, the idea of utilizing Agrobacterium tumefaciens as a vector to make transgenic
plants was seen as a prospect and a "wish." Today, numerous agronomically and horticulturally vital
species are routinely changed utilizing this bacterium, and the rundown of species that is defenseless
to Agrobacterium interceded change appears to develop day by day.
Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a gram–negative rod shaped microscopic bacteria firmly identified
with nitrogen–fixing microorganisms which abide at root knobs in vegetables. Not at all like most
other soil–staying microscopic organisms, it is pathogenic and contaminates the bases of plants to
bring about Crown Gall Disease. In the wild A. tumefaciens targets dicots, and causes economical
harm to plants like, walnuts, tomatoes and roses. Different remediation strategies, including usage of
a strain of firmly related microscopic organisms (Agrobacterium radiobacter) control and restrict its
harm, however it is likewise valuable as a genetic designing instrument in plants. It is well known
for exploiting its host by infusing a section of DNA from its Ti (tumor inciting) plasmid into its host,
bringing about the plant to discharge opines that the microbes use as a vitality source. In recent
times researchers have abused thie capacity of this microscopic organism to place DNA into its host
to make transgenic plants. A. tumefaciens have risen as a vital sub–atomic device for controlling
plants and making hereditarily

The 's Health And The General Economy
Swaziland vs. GMOs In Swaziland, agriculture plays a huge role in all of the individuals' lives. Over
2/3 of my country's population work on small farms that grow corn; corn is the dominant in my
country. According to Hanran (2000), over 20 million individuals from six other nations, including
270,000 individuals of my own have been affected by the recent famine. As the King of Swaziland,
it is my responsibility to find a solution to the famine my country is currently experiencing. The
GMO crops that the United States are offering to my country are a short term solution that will help
feed the population and save the lives of many. Although GMO foods may have several
disadvantages, it has many benefits to one's health and the general ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
261). Outcrossing from GM plants to local crops have an indirect effect on food safety and security.
By adopting strategies such as a clear separation of the field within GM crops and local crops that
are grown or using greenhouses can decrease the probability of genes migrating to conventional
crops. In contribution to the contamination of my local crops, I feared that once the drought and the
famine ended, my export with the European Nation will be jeopardized. If the possibility of having a
contamination caused by the GMO crops planted by several farmers, such a transfer will disrupt my
trade and cause me to lose my export markets in the European nation. According to Taylor and Tick
(2001), an increasing number of crops that are lawfully grown and sold in the country cannot be
lawfully sold in some foreign markets. When questioning the European Nation about the possibility
of exporting GMO crops, the nation decided that they will not accept GMO crops for any reason.
Fortunately, if I do accept the United States offer, and I lose my export trade with the European
nation, the United States offered a trade with them, which indeed creates a significant investment in
my country and it generates several jobs to the population. As the king of Swaziland, it is my
responsibility to determine if the chemicals added into the GM corn that my people will consume
during this lamenting period will not be harmful to the health of my

The Impacts of Genetically Modified Organisms
Although the biotechnology is a little more than a quarter century old, it has promoted significant
advances in the food production process. First looking for resistances in plants for specifics
herbicides, after mitigating the uses of insecticides in crops, maybe in future a tool to produce
pharmaceuticals (Chassy, 2007). Researches show that some genetically modified organisms
(GMOs) don't have impact on the human and animal health directly – toxicology, and allergies, and
anti–nutrition assay –, as well as they show the GMOs haven't changed the bacteria gut in swine and
chicken (Deng, Zhou, X.,, Zhou, P., Du, Hou, Yang, Y., Tan, ..., Fang & Yang, X., 2007). But (de
Vendômois, Roullier, Cellier & Séralini, 2009) show the possible occurrences of toxicology in rats
that was feed with three GMOs corn variety. He infer the necessity of studies by long duration to
expatiate about cancer, fertility and mental problems in mammals. Technology implanted in U.S and
Canada in the first moment, GMOs, arrive to fields in continents like Africa, America, Asia, and
Europe (Chassy, 2007). Because of these, countries began to make laws to control and ensure a
production conform their economic view. Today more than 22 countries cultivate and commercialize
these kind of productions. More than 80 species of plants can be manipulated (Fraley, 1994). Plants
that the commercial valor and patents are inherent in these, and where are selling together a mix of
products like fertilizers,

Cons Of Genetic Engineering
Food, pesticides, pharmaceuticals and insect control are among a few of the different avenues of
Genetic Engineering (GE). One sad truth associated with genetic engineering is the lack of adequate
testing to assure the health and well–being of society and the environment. The companies that hold
the GE patents and our government seem to more concerned with profits, than that of human life
and the effects on the environment. In this day and age, illnesses and other forms of aliments of our
society are multiplying at alarming rates. Drug manufactures, in such a hurry to get their latest drugs
to market, little, if any, testing is being done to assure that the drugs themselves are safe for human
consumption. The risks of GE unknowns, far ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Any severe environmental stress such as drought and global warming can trigger unpredictable
changes to engineered crops. It is this combination of unpredictability and ignorance that led Dr.
Barry Commoner, one of our nation's most eminent biologists, to conclude: "The genetically
engineered crops now being grown represent a massive uncontrolled experiment whose outcome is
inherently unpredictable. The results could be catastrophic." (Commoner) Allergies are often
overlooked, especially when weighed against the potential benefits of a new drug. Yet they affect a
large number of people (about 2.5% of American adults and 6–8% of children, or 8 million in the
U.S.), and the incidence of allergies has been rising in recent years for unknown reasons. Reactions
are not limited to watery eyes; some experience intense itching and welts, others life–threatening
anaphylactic shock, which kills an estimated 150 Americans each year. If a plant–grown drug with
allergenic properties were to contaminate the food supply, unsuspecting individuals prone to
allergies would be unable to take any action to avoid consuming the contaminated food, with
potentially fatal consequences. People susceptible to food allergies, without proper labeling have no
knowledge of what they are actually consuming; therefore, they could possibly be endangering their
lives by eating foods that they are highly allergic to. The Federal Fair Packaging and Labeling Act
(1966), for

Pros And Cons Of Biotechnology
Martha Zenaidi
Ms. Serwin
English 103
16 August 2017
Ten Reasons Why Biotechnology Will Not Ensure Food Security, Protect the Environment and
Reduce Poverty in the Developing World
An article written by Miguel A. Altieri and Peter Rosset (1999) addresses certain potential issues
and misconceptions about biotechnology. For instance, this article suggests that biotechnology will
not ensure food security, protect the environment, and will not reduce poverty in the developing
world.
The article points out that there is no relationship between a hungry country and its population, and
that the world produces more food than ever before. The real cause of hunger is not the lack of food
but the lack of resources to buy it and the lack of land for people to grow their own food. New
improvements in biotechnology will not reduce hunger as the vast majority of improvements in
biotechnology have been created not because companies want to improve the agriculture or reduce
hunger, but because they want to make a profit. An example provided says that new biotechnical
innovations increase expenses per acre for seeds plus chemicals, which results in a lower return to
the growers – growers are spending more than what they making. Discount packages are offered by
biotechnology companies, but only when purchasing technology–packages.
Additionally, recent studies have shown that genetic engineered seeds do not increase the yield of
the crops. In 1998 a study conducted by the USDA

Teosinte Vs Corn
Corn (Zea mays) is one of the most widely produced crops in the United States and it provides more
than 40% of the world's corn (Benson and Gibson). The history of maize dates back to around 5,000
– 6,000 years ago due to the Native Americans domesticating the maize ancestor. In recent years and
after countless research, scientists are accepting the theory that corn comes from a wild plant called
Teosinte. The reason behind the skepticism is due to the traits of both plants; teosinte possess
smaller cobs, fewer rows of kernels and it has a smaller size overall. While it might seem plausible
that it is part of the maize family, it did not have enough similarities to proclaim it as the ancestor of
maize. However, thanks to works of multiple scientists ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The idea of changing natural processes to produce an "ideal" crop raises concern amongst
environmentalists. Extracting bacteria from soil and inserting it into an entirely different species
may appear unethical because of the changing of natural processes. Genetic engineering promotes
producing a type of crop that is not susceptible to pests, but carries the risk of decreasing genetic
variation (Green Peace). Once a crop is perfected, farmers then mass produce that specific crop, and
the different variations of the crop are lost (Green Peace). Another concern regarding the use of the
Bt protein is the increased risk of allergies (Smith). The transgenic protein comes from bacteria in
the soil, and thus raises the concern of allergic reactions to the corn. Consumers are worried that the
cry protein injected into Bt corn could have allergies unknown to them because of the cry protein's
characteristic of an extended digestion time. Consumers are also skeptical that genes of this
antibiotic resistance could somehow be introduced to other bacteria in the soil, and possibly infect
consumers with this bacteria. A major ethical concern of genetically modified crops, specifically Bt
corn, is the lack of knowledge of the long term effects these crops have on humans and other
organisms. Consumers are uninformed about the

A Transgenic Lines
Three independent homozygous transgenic lines with significantly higher Os08g01480 expression
were selected for further characterization. In early stages of vegetative growth on
Soilrite, no phenotypic difference was observed in transgenic lines in comparison to WT.
However, there was clear difference in bolting time between WT and transgenic lines
(Supplementary Fig. S2). The visible changes in early plant growth between WT and transgenic
lines were analyzed through measuring root length after growth on ½ MS plates for 11 days. All the
transgenic lines showed significantly increased root length compared to
WT plants. To study whether increase in root length was due to early germination, germination rate
of WT and transgenic lines was ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
At the same time, significantly lower (~25%, 20%, 40%, and
7%, decrease) root length inhibition in transgenic plants was recorded in comparison to root length
of NT transgenic plants. (Fig. 1).
For salt and osmotic stress, WT and transgenic line were grown on NaCl (50 mM) and mannitol
(150 mM) for 11 d. Root length of WT showed significant decrease (70%) as compared to
transgenic line (30%–50%) during salt stress as compared to NT; WT and transgenic seedlings,
whereas in osmotic stress, ~50% and up to 40% decrease was observed in WT and transgenic lines
compared to NT; WT and transgenic plants. It is concluded that in WT there was ~40% and 20%
more reduction in case of salt stress and osmotic stress respectively (Fig. 2).
For studying effect of cold and heat, after stratification seeds were kept at –20˚C and
37˚C respectively for 4 h and then transferred to control conditions. As much as ~60% and
40% decrease in root length of WT was noted during cold and heat stress, respectively when
compared to NT; WT plants, while ~25% and ~15% decrease of root length was recorded in
transgenic lines at time of heat and cold stress, respectively when compared to NT transgenic plants.
This result indicated ~40% and ~20% reduction in root length of WT compared to transgenic lines
subjected to cold and heat stresses (Fig. 3). These studies

Disadvantages And Disadvantages Of Genetically Modified Foods
Often a common question is whether the production of GM foods is a solution to the food crisis or a
disaster in the making. First off GMO (genetically modified organism) is the result of a laboratory
process where genes from the DNA of one species are extracted and artificially forced into the genes
of an unrelated plant or animal. The foreign genes may come from bacteria, viruses, insects, animals
or even humans. So essentially it is taking food, modifying food using a gene that solves an obstacle
and putting it on the market for us to eat. Some of the advantages of GM foods are that they are
better for the environment. GMOs are adapted in such a way that many plants don't require
pesticides or other chemicals that impact on the earth. GMOs increase the flavour and longevity of
the fruit. Another advantage which is probably in the best interest of society is that fact that it often
decreases price of products and often becomes more affordable. Although research and testing is not
cheap, once it is on the market the prices of your normal GM foods are substantially more
affordable. With all the advantages comes the counter, disadvantage. GM foods often cause cross
contamination where pollen from genetically modified foods are also contaminated. When GMOs
are around other plants often the pollen can drift over to the wrong plants and create plants that have
resistance to the conditions that were meant for the crops to be resistant to. Essentially GMOs
potentially have the

Disadvantages Of Gmo Foods
GMO(genetically modified organism) is a kind of organism or microorganism whose genetic
material has been produced by genetic engineering.The majority of people are using GMO foods for
many years.Most of the people consider that GMO has more advantages than
disadvantages.However, the disadvantages are more compared to advantages.So, how does GMO
effect people's life and environment?What are the disadvantages of GMO foods?To answer these
questions we should take a look at the reasons for avoiding to use GMO foods.GMO foods need to
be avoided because of their negative impact on health and environment. Primarily, the reason why
people shouldn't use GMO foods is its negative effect on health.It's a well– known fact that GMO
has serious effects on people's health.For example, people who are ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
As a result, GMO foods are poses to danger for Cancer, genetic diseases and also allergies.People
should take precaution to avoid negative effects such as allergies, chronic diseases, cancer of GMO.
Together with health issues, another major reason why people should avoid to use GMO foods is
environmental effects of GMO foods.Today many scientists conflict with each other because of the
GMO foods.Some of them claim that GMO has a just positive effect on the environment.They may
have a point when they say GMO foods affect efficiency but it isn't a big deal compare to its damage
on the environment. The potential consequences of the general effects discussed above depend
mainly on the transgenic trait of the GMO. Up to now, the main traits for GM crops are herbicide
tolerance and pest resistance. Herbicide tolerance genes confer tolerance to broad–spectrum
herbicides like glyphosate (Round–Up) or glufosinate (Basta). This trait represented 75% of all GM
crops planted commercially in the year 2002. Possible trait–specific environmental effects, apart

Genetically Modified Organism, Agriculture, And Synthetic...
Genetically Modified Organism
Agriculture, a necessity for providing basic needs, has evolved tremendously since the first time it
was practiced. When first started, agriculture was relatively simple: plant the seeds, water the seeds,
and gather the end product. Now, agriculture has changed to include pesticides, herbicides, and
synthetic fertilizers to produce and maintain higher yields. The Green Revolution in the 1940's to
1970's help modernize agriculture with high–yielding varieties, better irrigation systems, and
synthetic fertilizers. Without the Green Revolution, world hunger would have been a lot higher than
it was in the past (Easterbrook 1997). Conventional farming was established thanks to the revolution
and helped greatly in keeping world food security. The world is still a limited resource and the
amount of fertile land that allows production of agriculture can only decrease from now. Current
production of agriculture may not be able to keep up with the steady population growth of the
developing countries. The population is projected to increase from roughly 7 billion currently to 9.1
billion by 2050, meaning that there will be 2 billion more mouths to feed (UNPD). Agriculture
needed something new to help provide higher yields of crops in order to keep world hunger levels at
a minimum. Luckily in the mid 1990's, genetically modified organism, or GMO, crops were
implemented on a large scale in the United States. Genetically modified organism is an organism

Genetically Modified Foods Essay
Introduction.
Genetically modified foods are foods produced from organisms that have had specific changes
(adding, deleting, changing segments) introduced into their DNA using the methods of genetic
engineering.(King 2009) So they could produce desirable traits or eliminate undesirable traits, a
process that enables transfer of genes between different species that would not interbreed in nature.
1983 marked the first ever transgenic plant. This was a tobacco plant that was created with antibiotic
resistant properties. The first commercially grown genetically modified food crop was a tomato
plant in California. The decomposition process was modified and resulted in a slower
decomposition. This plant was known as 'FlavrSavr'. Before ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Irelands current status is a GM free zone. This means that Ireland is off–limits to the environmental
release of genetically modified organisms including viruses, algae, bacteria, seeds, crops, trees,
insects, molluscs, crustaceans, fish, poultry and livestock. As it stands only one variety of GM crop
(Monsanto's patented MON810 maize) is authorised for commercial release in the EU. But as of
October 2007, this is banned in Austria, France, Greece, Hungary and Poland. Other EU countries
are looking into banning it too.
The hostility towards these foods means that they wont be bought or sold in the market, but their
applications are so extensive and diverse that it is hard do ignore the many benefits that GM foods
could bring. These include beliefs that there is potential for a negative environmental impact
associated with production processes or farming practices and perceptions that there is uncertainty
associated with unplanned human or animal health effects. (Miles 2001)
Positives.
With the worlds population said to increase to 9.6 billion by 2050 (according to the U.N) demand
for food supply will increase dramatically. 60% more food will be required by 2050. (Alexandratos
N 2012) Figure 3. Shows how much corn, rice, maze and soybean will have to be grown to meet the
demands of 2050.
Food production will be under pressure and at an all time high. Advances in food and agricultural
technology need to be

Ethical Concerns Of Genetically Modified Organisms Essay
Ethical Concern and Genetically Modified (GM) Crops
Are Genetically Modified (GM) crops safe for environment? Might organisms and environment be
harmed by GM crops?
According to the World Health Organization (2014. 1), "Genetically modified organisms (GMOs)
can be defined as organisms (i.e. plants, animals or microorganisms) in which the genetic material
(DNA) has been altered in a way that does not occur naturally by mating and/or natural
recombination. The technology is often called 'modern biotechnology ' or 'gene technology ',
sometimes also 'recombinant DNA technology ' or 'genetic engineering '. Foods produced from or
using GM organisms are often referred to as GM foods." Many organic crops farming farmers are
against cultivating of GM crops because of the threat to farm land and environment however,
biotechnology companies and GM crops growing famer desire to have profit and consumer look for
low price. Thus, the debate over the environmental impact of genetically modified GM crops is
growing. Although GM crops negatively affects on some organism in environment, they reduce the
use of pesticides and increase crop yield.
Genetically Modified insect resistant crops produce the toxic substances as a results it effect non–
target organism and entire ecosystem. Biodiversity has significant role to balance environment as
biodiversity decreases interaction between species decrease and ecosystem and food chain affect
adversely. Some weeds are source of food for

Cons Of Transgenic Animals
The insertion of human genes into mammals is not only inducing conflict into nature's ecosystems,
but can result in a new intelligent, human–like species that needs proper regulations and authority.
The study of transgenic, or chimeric animals has brought about some serious ethical issues. Many
people are only aware of the issues when it regards the human race. However, transgenics play
much more of a role than just to our society, but greater damage is done to nature's ecosystems.
Many consequences may be unleashed once a transgenic animal escapes back into the wild. The
potential harms may include "the alteration of the ecologic balance regarding feed sources and
predators...and the disruption of reproduction patterns and their success," (Animal Biotechnology).
The quick extinction and endangerment of these animals can dwindle ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
As ground–breaking as it sounds, Glenn states "Further advances in the blending of nonhuman
animal and human DNA could result – intentionally or not – in chimeric entities possessing degrees
of intelligence or sentience never before seen in nonhuman animals...Could it be patented?" (1). Due
to this progressing study, society is questioning whether or not if these animals become too human–
like, whether they would need rights and regulations, since they will be technically "human". Even
if so, it is uncertain whether these animals would follow these regulations. Humans are a very
dangerous species, destroying both themselves and other species. With the intelligent, nightmarish
human brain, chimeras have the power to dominate the human race. Mammals may disregard the
rules, as humans do as well, thus creating a newer dominating minority that can lead to catastrophe.
This issue is commonly overlooked, but it is indeed possible. Human DNA injections should be
prohibited from being inserted into animals, too many dangers lurk within nature and society's

Benefits Of Genetically Modified Food Essay
I write this paper from the viewpoint of Levy Patrick Mwanawasa, president of Zambia. I was
elected as the third Republican president in January of 2002, right at the height of the food crisis
(Ingham, 29914). As the nation's president, it is my responsibility to make decisions that will best
serve today's population, and provocate success for the generations to come. Equally weighing both
of these responsibilities led to my decision to refuse the US donations in the form of genetically
modified crops. I realize the severity of the situation which plagues my people, but I cannot leave
the extended welfare of my country to chance. My decision to refuse aid in the form of genetically
modified food stems from the unknown health effects, probable environmental impact and possible
trade disruption associated with GMOs. The fact of the matter is, we just don't know the long–term
health effects caused by consuming genetically modified organisms. GMOs were only recently
invented in 1994 (James, Krattiger, 1996) and testing on their health effects began as recently as
1996 (Smith, 2015). Over the last 20, years numerous tests have been performed to investigate
whether or not it is safe to eat genetically modified foods; but 20 years is simply not enough time to
make any decisive conclusions about their long–term effects. Animal toxicity studies have shown
that mice forced to consume GMOs suffered from abnormal mutations in their hepatic, pancreatic,
renal, and reproductive

Genetically Modified Foods Should Be Banned
On January 15, 2015 Juan Ramos suffered a violent allergic reaction after eating a bacon lettuce and
tomato sandwich for lunch. He died an hour after being taken to the hospital. The cause of his death
was determined to be sea food allergy. Any chance of cross contamination of his sandwich with sea
food was ruled out after forensic investigation. How did Mr Ramos who was a known allergy
sufferer reach this fate? The answer lay in the tomatoes that he had eaten for lunch; they not only
contained fish related allergens but also contained antibiotic resistant genes which prevented Mr
Ramos' immune system from protecting his body (Billups). The question that comes to mind now is
how could something related to seafood be found in a vegetable? This is where genetically modified
foods enter the picture. Genetically modified foods are unnaturally produced. Their consumption has
been linked with several serious health disorders including cancer. Presence of genetically modified
food in the market must be banned. This is a weakly regulated practice and is not only damaging
human health but is also slowly but steadily affecting the environment.
Genetically modified organisms (GMO) were introduced into the market in the 1980's. "In North
America, over 80% of our food contains GMO's" ("GMO's and Your Family"). They are created by
splicing the genes of two organisms to introduce the desired characteristics of one organism into the
other. Like in the case of the tomato that Mr Ramos

Genetically Modified Foods Essay
https://www.technologyreview.com/s/522596/why–we–will–need–genetically–modified–foods/
Throughout the article provided above, the author, David Rotman, is able to present a well
researched topic on why the human race needs genetically modified organisms using graphics,
different studies, as well as examples from the past, present and future where they describe what the
produce production looks like with and without GMOs. Genetically modified organisms are not only
beneficial, but necessary for the human race to grow and survive. Many countries have begun using
genetically modified organisms for many reasons in recent years. In the United States, about 76% of
our corn is genetically modified to repel insects. Other uses of these genes are ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
One of the solutions the Rotman puts forth is to put more focus on the science behind genetically
modified organisms so that we are well enough equipped to do what needs to be done with the
amount of food produced, which is to intensely increase the products. To make matters worse, the
author begins to inform the reader about another factor that will, likely, dramatically increase
complications in food production due to climate changes. He uses the idea that the weather will
simply begin to become far less predictable and much more extreme as the years go by and farmers
will begin to have a more difficult time creating a well rounded and highly efficient crops. Growing
food that are not acclimate to the changes in weather results in lost money and failed season for
farmers. With genetically modified plants, you could create a gene that could target and specify to
the needs of that plant in that area or climate. This allows for more precise and accurate crops.
David Rotman states that "Creating a potato variety through conventional breeding, for example,
takes at least 15 years; producing a genetically modified one takes less than six months."
(technologyreview.com, David Rotman). This could mean a cut down on costs, fuel and labor. Many
scientists are sceptical when it comes to the topic of food gene editing. Walter De Jong, a potato
scientists, who was interviewed by David Rotman,

An Argument for GMO's in Foods Essay
One of my favorite episodes of the television show, "The Simpsons", begins with
Marge, the mother, serving her family a dinner of unusually large, genetically modified foods.
Shortly after dinner is served, one of the potatoes eats a carrot. Although this example is comedic
hyperbole, it is still an excellent illustration of the public perception of genetically modified
organisms (GMOs) as dangerous "Frankenfoods". This perception is out of touch with
the reality of GMOs and runs contrary to a large body of scientific evidence that indicates that
GMOs are safe for people and our environment. In this paper I will be focusing my attention on
foods modified to produce a certain insecticidal protein known as Bt. I ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
As long as Bt and non–Bt are crops are segregated and planted adequate distances away from each
other, they will pollinate themselves well before Bt pollen arrives via wind or insects. The same EPA
report concludes that, in the United States, the transfer of genes to wild species is also quite low. For
Bt corn and potatoes the risk is essentially zero since wild varieties do not exist here. Bt cotton is
also grown in the U.S., and in Southern Florida and Hawaii where wild varieties exist the EPA has
banned Bt cotton cultivation. Thus, limiting the planting of Bt crops to areas where they have no
native relatives negates the problem. The other major environmental concern, that Bt toxins pose a
threat to non–target (species other than the pests which are trying to be eliminated and/or controlled)
invertebrate and microbe species is similarly unfounded. EPA, 2001 concluded that: Bt [proteins]
have been tested against a wide variety of terrestrial and aquatic invertebrates including earthworms,
collembola, daphnids, insect predators and parasites, spiders, and honeybees and have been shown
to have a high degree of safety for these non–target organisms. In most cases, no adverse effects
were observed even though test populations were exposed to levels of toxin in excess of 500–1,000–
fold concentrations than they would be expected to encounter under field conditions. This low risk
to non–target species contrasts sharply with broad–spectrum

Pros And Cons Of Genetically Farming
Have you ever wondered how there is enough food production for all the people in the world?
Genetically modified farming plays a big role in food production because of it being an easier way
to produce food for people from all around the world. Since the population is increasing so rapidly,
GM farming is the quickest way of producing enough food which protects the environment as well.
The environment is not the only thing being benefitted, people's health is being helped with an
easier consumption of vaccines in GM foods. While some people favor non–GMO farming to
prevent possible health risks, genetically modified farming is essential to address the world's
growing population, to protect the environment, and to prevent large–scale illness outbreaks. There
is much controversy about GMO farming and those who support non–GMO farming have different
viewpoints (Dresser and Siegel). The opposers of GMO farming question the safety of GM crops as
apparently they are not tested which causes problems for people who eat it (Dresser and Siegel).
Most of the food eaten today is genetically modified meaning it has been approved (Erdosh). If
GMO farming has been approved then the safety of it has been tested as well (Erdosh). New and
different genes are being inserted into GM foods which may cause health risks like allergic reactions
and inflammation (Dresser and Siegel). Allergic reactions that could cause inflammation is
uncommon because GM foods are altered with healths benefits like

Gmo 's Are Good Or Bad?
In our day in age, there is a heated debate around whether GMO 's are good or bad. For all of you
who are new to the issue like me, we all are seeking answers in order to make our own choices.
According to health and safety executive (2014), Genetic Modified Organisms are organisms, such
as animals, microorganisms and plants in which their genetic material has been altered to contain
segment of DNA from another organism. The newly implemented segment of DNA contains genes
that determine organism's particular function and form. As you might know, life started when
domestication of animals became our source of food for survival. As we evolved, there was a shift to
a society based on agriculture. The breeders started to take specific traits of interest from plants and
transfer it to another plant in a process known as true breeding. Now in this technological era, we
can directly alter the genetic sequence of a species in an efficient way that reduces time and money.
GMO 's have swept our industry and made the impossible become a possibility. For example,
according to health and science executive (2014), insulin, blood factors and growth hormones used
to be obtained from cows and humans that carried there own risks of transferring diseases. But now,
we can use GMO 's to generate food and medicine in a way that is safe and valuable. GMO 's are a
big part of our society, from eating rice, corn, and tomatoes to vaccinations and medications. Are
GMO 's more subject to pathogenic

Organic Contamination
GMOs (GMOs – genetically modified organisms), are made for human and/or creature use by
utilizing the most exceptional atomic science methods. The plants and/or edits here and there have
been modified in a research center to upgrade certain imperative characteristics, for example,
expanded imperviousness to herbicides or enhance beneficial worth. The improvement is typically
embraced through reproducing. In the previous decade hereditarily altered sustenance have been up
for discussion about whether these nourishments are valuable to our general public or on the off
chance that they are really destructive. GMO sustenance is an issue on the grounds that it gives
organic contamination and GMO significantly influences to nature and humankind. ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
A study drove by Doug Gurian–Sherman who is a lead researcher in UCS Sustenance and
Environment System, demonstrates that hereditarily built corn assortments have just expanded
harvest yields possibly while designed soybean assortments have not expanded yields by any means.
The UCS properties the generous increment in harvest yields over the previous decade to a great
extent to customary reproducing and changes in rural aptitudes. Indeed the study ventures to suggest
that the U.S. Bureau of Horticulture expel subsidizing from GMO contemplates and divert it to
other, more useful uses and projects. This disputable point has numerous contentions some of which
I was not able say yet I have still to some degree possessed the capacity to detail my own sentiment
with respect to the theme. On the premise of Hereditary building we can reason that it is still in its
earliest stages and shockingly little is thought about its results in both short and more terms on
people, while even less is known with respect to its impacts on the

Food Culture
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Citation:
"Update: Genetically Modified Food." Issues & Controversies On File: n. pag. Issues &
Controversies. Facts On File News Services, 31 Dec. 2008. Web. 19 Apr. 2012.
<http://www.2facts.com/article/i1000400>.
Facts On File News Services ' automatically generated MLA citations have been updated according
to the MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers, 7th edition.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Citation format:
The title of the article. (Year, Month Day). Issues & Controversies On File. Retrieved Month
Day, Year, from Issues & Controversies database.
See the American Psychological Association (APA) Style Citations for more information on citing in
APA style. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Europeans, for example, have been highly skeptical of any benefits they might gain from GM foods.
Many nations in the European Union (EU) have effectively banned imports of what they refer to as
"Frankenfoods," a reference to the famous story of the fictional monster assembled by Dr.
Frankenstein from miscellaneous spare parts. The U.S claims that the EU 's anti–GM food policy
violates free trade laws.
Many questions remain regarding the future of GM foods. Should they continue to be sold in the
U.S., even though they may have unforeseen negative consequences? Or should the U.S. take a cue
from the EU and limit the selling of GM foods until they are unequivocally proven to be risk–free?
Do the possible future health benefits of GM foods––such as fruits and vegetables with extra
vitamins and vaccines built into their DNA––cancel out any potential risks that the new technology
brings?
Supporters of GM foods say that since there has been no evidence of GM foods harming humans, it
is reasonable to assume that they are safe for consumption. GM food backers denounce criticism of
genetic engineering as fear–mongering. Besides, they argue, no new technology is without a certain
degree of risk. GM food supporters believe that the possible health benefits of GM foods overwhelm
any possible dangers.
Supporters of biotech crops also maintain that if GM food technology is allowed to develop, it may
prove to be instrumental in eliminating world hunger.

The Effects Of Food On Our Unhealthy Conditions
Seeing the overall health of Americans is so much lower than other industrialized countries, you
cannot help but wonder whether toxic ingredients such as these might play a role in our unhealthy
conditions (Dr. Joseph Mercola 5). Suspicions are brought up on the handling of the FDA 's food
protection. Furthermore, how food is being handled, is criticized of being overlooked on the health
consequences. Chemical companies do not seem to have concerns for human and environment risks.
Even though food production has improved to last longer and have quality taste, the United States
should not allow the production of unhealthy foods because other countries ban some of the
ingredients we use in food production and current food production ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
For instance, Filipinos in at least five villages felt sick when a nearby BT corn variety was
pollinating. Rats fed GM potatoes showed excessive cell growth which can lead to cancer, damaged
organs, and damaged immune system (Jeffrey M. Smith 6). There is an extensive number of side
effects that can be caused due to GMO foods, still the FDA continues to ignore further studies to
prove that GM food are not any different than conventionally grown crops. Lack of information
about the safety of GM foods should signal to the industry more studies are needed; however, the
GM industry is hesitant to provide further studies. The Genetic engineering of our food system is
proceeding essentially unregulated, despite the fact that three federal agencies are responsible for the
safety of genetically engineered foods (Mercola 10).
Most Americans spend a large amount of money in processed foods, however, they do not think
about the additives that are loaded in them. When foods are processed, not only are valuable
nutrients lost and fibers removed, but the textures, natural variations, and flavors are also lost.
Above all, what is left behind is a bland flavor which most people would not want to eat (Dr. Joseph
Mercola 5). It is clear that no one desires to eat something unappealing. The food manufacturers
priority is to make produce high quality taste, however they do not take into consideration what goes
into their products as long as they make profit

Genetic Modification Essay

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

More from Krystal Green

More from Krystal Green (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Genetic Modification Essay