protocol and The TCP/IP Suite

1. Protocol and the
TCP/IP Suite

2. 1 2 3 4
THE NEED FOR A PROTOCOL
ARCHITECTURE
The TCP/IP Protocol
Architecture
The OSI Model Internetworking
5
Recommended Reading and
Problems
6
Key Terms, Review
questions anda problwms
7
Appendix 4A Internet
Protocol

3. THE NEED FOR A PROTOCOL ARCHITECTURE
Ketika komputer, terminal, dan/atau perangkat pemrosesan data lainnya bertukar data,
prosedur yang terlibat bisa sangat kompleks. Pertimbangkan, misalnya, transfer file antara
dua komputer. Harus ada jalur data antara dua komputer, baik secara langsung maupun
melalui jaringan komunikasi. Tetapi lebih banyak dibutuhkan.
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4. The TCP/IP Protocol Architecture
TCP/IP adalah standar komunikasi data yang digunakan oleh komunitas internet dalam
proses tukar-menukar data dari satu komputer ke komputer lain di dalam jaringan Internet.
Contoh aplikasi termasuk transfer file dan surat elektronik.
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5. 5
Dengan mengingat konsep-konsep ini, tampaknya wajar untuk mengatur tugas komunikasi
menjadi lima yang relatif independen.
• Physical layer
Physical layer mencakup antarmuka fisik antara transmisi data perangkat (misalnya,
workstation, komputer) dan media transmisi atau jaringan.
• Network access layer
berkaitan dengan pertukaran data antara sistem akhir (server, workstation, dll.) dan jaringan
tempat ia terpasang.
• Internet layer
Protokol Internet (IP) digunakan pada lapisan ini untuk menyediakan fungsi perutean
di beberapa jaringan.
• Host-to-host, or transport layer
Kontrol Transmisi Protocol (TCP) adalah protokol yang paling umum digunakan untuk
menyediakan fungsionalitas ini.
• Application layer
berisi logika yang diperlukan untuk mendukung berbagai aplikasi pengguna.

6. Operation of TCP and IP
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7. 7
Gambar 4.1 menunjukkan bagaimana protokol ini dikonfigurasi untuk komunikasi. Ke menjelaskan
bahwa fasilitas komunikasi total dapat terdiri dari beberapa jaringan,
jaringan konstituen biasanya disebut sebagai subnetwork. Beberapa jenis protokol akses jaringan
kerja, seperti logika Ethernet, digunakan untuk menghubungkan komputer ke subnetwork.

8. 8
Selanjutnya, TCP menyerahkan setiap segmen ke IP, dengan instruksi untuk
mengirimkannya ke B. Segmen ini harus ditransmisikan melalui satu atau lebih
subnetwork dan direlay melalui satu atau lebih router perantara.

9. 9
TCPlIP Applications
Sejumlah aplikasi telah distandarisasi untuk beroperasi di atas TCP. Kita sebutkan tiga yang
paling umum di sini.
• Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
Menyediakan surat elektronik dasar fasilitas.
• File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
digunakan untuk mengirim file dari satu sistem ke lain di bawah perintah pengguna.
• Telnet
Menyediakan kemampuan logon jarak jauh.

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