To the Edge of Web Performance and Beyond

To the Edge of Web
Performance and
Beyond

Joshua Hull @joshbuddy http://github.com/joshbuddy

Preamble


Preamble
Joshua Hull

@joshbuddy
http://github.com/joshbuddy
joshbuddy@gmail.com

(not switching to Python)


Preamble
m e !
lo a d
o w n
D
http://www.slideshare.net/joshbuddy/to-the-edge-of-web-performance-and-beyond


To the Edge of Web
Performance and
Beyond
(with solutions!)


ESI


ESI
Edge Side Includes


ESI
Edge Side Includes
(not the origin) (not only includes)


ESI
Edge
http://www.w3.org/Icons/w3c_icon.svg
Side Includes
18/07/09 8:46 AM


ESI
Edge Side Includes

<esi:include src="http://www.example.com/new_user.html"/>


ESI

Your caching is probably evil
What does this ESI you speak of look like?
How can I actually use ESI?
Problems!


Your caching is
probably evil


Your caching is
probably evil

Fast

Fast

Your caching is
probably evil

(incorrect)

Correct

Your caching is
probably evil
Caching is great Caching really sucks


Your caching is
probably evil
Caching is great


Your caching is
probably evil
Caching is great
<html>
<head>
<title>
My Page
</head> </title

Cache
>
<body>
This pa
ge rock
</body> s.
</html>

Hard work


Your caching is
probably evil
Caching is great

Everything is peachy Cache
Cache


Your caching is
probably evil

Victory?

Your caching is
probably evil
Caching really sucks


Your caching is
probably evil
Expensive DB call

Expensive ﬁlesystem
magic


Your caching is
probably evil
User-speciﬁc
Result of web
service
DB intensive
Other work

?


Your caching is
probably evil

1 4 0er v ic es
webs


Your caching is
probably evil
Fragment caching


Your caching is
probably evil
Fragment caching
<html>
<head>
<title>My Page</title>
</head>
<body>
<% cache do('my_fragment') %>
This fragment rocks.
<% end %>
</body>
</html>


Your caching is
probably evil
Fragment caching
<html>
<head>
<title>My Page</title>

is this
</head>

Who <body>

ents’
<% cache do('my_fragment') %>

fragm
This fragment rocks.

ller?
<% end %>

ontro
</body>
c </html>


Your caching is
probably evil
Fragment caching
“Kitchen Sink” controllers
MainController
HomepageController
NotAResourceController


Your caching is
probably evil
Fragment caching
MainController
HomepageController
Bake controller logic Do a lot of extra logic
into your fragments in your controller


Your caching is
probably evil
Fragment caching
MainController
HomepageController
Bake controller logic Do a lot of extra logic
into your fragments in your controller
Not correct Not fast

Your caching is
probably evil
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/8/8b/Akamai_logo.svg 18/07/09 8:44 AM


Your caching is
probably evil

A web page = A bunch of resources + a bit of logic


Your caching is
probably evil

A web page = A bunch of resources + a bit of logic

E S I
http://www.w3.org/TR/esi-lang


What does this ESI you
speak of look like?


speak of look like?

include try

vars choose


speak of look like?
include <esi:include src="URI" alt="URI" onerror="continue" />

Examples
<esi:include src="/header" />
<esi:include src="/header" alt="/alternate-header" />
<esi:include src="/header" alt="/alternate-header" onerror="continue" />


speak of look like?
try
<esi:try>
<esi:attempt> ... </esi:attempt>
<esi:otherwise> ... </esi:otherwise>
</esi:try>

Example
<esi:try>
<esi:attempt>
<esi:include src="/my-resource"/>
</esi:attempt>
<esi:except>This is bad</esi:except>
</esi:try>


speak of look like?
choose
<esi:choose>
<esi:when test=”...”> ... </esi:when>
<esi:otherwise> ... </esi:otherwise>
</esi:choose>

Example
<html><body>
<esi:choose>
<esi:when test="$(HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE{ja})">I speak Japanese</esi:when>
</esi:choose>
<esi:otherwise>
I don't speak it, sorry bout that.
</esi:otherwise>
</body></html>


speak of look like?
vars <esi:vars>...</esi:vars>

Examples
<esi:vars><img src="http://www.example.com/$(QUERY_STRING{greet})/hello.gif"/ ></esi:vars>
<esi:vars>Your ID is $(HTTP_COOKIE{id})</esi:vars>


speak of look like?
variable substitution

HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE Set (da, en-gb, en)
HTTP_COOKIE Hash
HTTP_HOST String
HTTP_REFERER String
HTTP_USER_AGENT Hash (os, version, browser)
QUERY_STRING Hash


speak of look like?
other bits

==, !=, <, >, <=, >= Comparison
! Unary negation
& Logical and
| Logical or



Solutions!


Actual working implementations

Taf2 / nginx-esi
http://github.com/taf2/nginx-esi
Taf2 / mongrel-esi
http://github.com/taf2/mongrel-esi
Qerub / rack-esi
http://github.com/Qerub/rack-esi
Varnish
http://varnish.projects.linpro.no/
Joshbuddy / esi-for-rack


Taf2 / nginx-esi
http://github.com/taf2/nginx-esi
Taf2 / mongrel-esi
A nd
http://github.com/taf2/mongrel-esi
ba bly
Qerub / rack-esi pro re!
http://github.com/Qerub/rack-esi
mo
Varnish
Joshbuddy / esi-for-rack



Easy to work with

Joshbuddy / spackle
http://github.com/joshbuddy/spackle


Joshbuddy / spackle

Controller
esi(:user_bar, :path => ":variable/$(HTTP_COOKIE{esi-cookie})", :binds => [:cookie]) do |esi_params|
render :text => "variable is #{params[:variable]}, cookie is #{params[:cookie]}"
end


Joshbuddy / spackle

Controller
esi(:user_bar, :path => ":variable/$(HTTP_COOKIE{esi-cookie})", :binds => [:cookie]) do |esi_params|
render :text => "variable is #{params[:variable]}, cookie is #{params[:cookie]}"
end

def user_bar
# setup ...
user_bar_body
end

def user_bar_body
# your block
end


Joshbuddy / spackle

View
<%=esi_include(:user_bar, :test => "testing") %>

<% esi_try do %>
<% esi_attempt do %>
<%=esi_include(:user_bar, :test => "testing") %>
<% end %>
<% end %>

<% esi_include do %>
<%=esi_src(:user_bar, 'testing') %>
<%=esi_alt("http://www.slashdot.org/") %>
<% end %>



Security

Joshbuddy / rack-tamperproof
http://github.com/joshbuddy/rack-tamperproof


Joshbuddy / rack-tamperproof
http://github.com/joshbuddy/rack-tamperproof
use Rack::Tamperproof(:default_key => "123u9ew90uqn") do
delete_for :just_delete_this
exception_for :don_t_tamper
end

# delete_for cookies will delete if they are tampered
# with and your request passes through normally
#
# exception_for produces an exception if the cookie
# is tampered with


Problems!


Problems!
Speciﬁcation can be vague
Implementations support different features
Spackle doesn’t have tests


Questions


To the Edge of Web Performance and Beyond

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