Sick Leave Law Case Study

Sick Leave Law Case Study
The California paid sick leave law went into effect across the state on July 1st. 6.5 million of the
lowest paid workers in the state were provided with the right to call in sick and still receive payment
for wages they would have earned had they not been sick and instead been able to work. One month
after the new requirement went into effect, at least one group of workers benefitting from the change
have found that there is also a price to pay: their hours are being cut. NOVA Commercial provides
custodial services to a number of different government buildings. One such government building is
the San Diego County Courthouse. NOVA Commercial recently informed their employees that they
would be experiencing a cut in their hours. Employees speaking
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Pay Parental Leave : Is It A Necessity?
Devoree Peace
Amanda Morris
ENG 101
10/17/16
Paid Parental Leave: Is it a necessity? Are the 6–12 weeks of paid parental leave for both mothers
and fathers as well as adoptive parents more beneficial or harmful? Most parents believe that paid
parental leave for both the birth or adoption of a baby should be considered a right. However, many
also argue that this paid time off should be seen as a privilege, and an unnecessary privilege at that.
How crucial are those first 6–12 weeks for both new parents as well as the baby? There are
arguments that if you cannot avoid to take the time off, you cannot afford the care behind raising a
child. Although there may not be a black and white, yes or no answer, because everyone has their
own opinions, there is a line we can get at least get close to as to whether or not this is really a
necessity or if it is not necessary for these new parents and children. There is more evidence that
paid parental leave would be beneficial to both mother and child than there is evidence that it would
be harmful to our economy, however there are proposed downsides in making paid parental leave a
requirement in the U.S. Cambridge Dictionary's definition of parental leave is "time that a parent is
allowed to spend away from work to take care of his or her baby" (Cambridge Dictionary). In an
article on the Huffington Post written by Chris Spurlock, who is a graduate of the Missouri School
of Journalism, he discusses how shocking the rates of paid

The Family And Medical Leave Act
Throughout time and history women are perceived as a housewife, mothers, and givers; while men
are breadwinners, fathers, and receivers. Women have strived to change this stereotype for years,
and while sometimes this stereotype disappears for a subtle moment, it always will resurface.
Especially, when it comes to maternity leave. Men and women are given an equal amount of time to
care for a newborn, but somehow the father returns to work in a matter of days. Why is that, you
may ask? It is because America has generalized American into their known stereotype. And because
of this, we see men returning to the workforce in a short amount of time. Men, along with women,
should have a paid extension from the Family and Medical Leave Act to care for their child, create
the bonding link between child and parent, while tearing down the stereotypical assumption wall
between man and woman. In the United States, maternity leave is considering under the Family and
Medical Leave Act. The Family and Medical Leave Act was constructed by the U.S. Department of
Labor in 1993. This act states, "an eligible employee shall be entitled to a total of 12 workweeks of
leave during any 12–month period for one or more of the following: (A) Because of the birth of a
son or daughter of the employee and in order to care for such son or daughter. (B) Because of the
placement of a son or daughter with the employee for adoption or foster care. (C) In order to care for
the spouse, or a son, daughter, or

Paid Family Leave Act
Brief explanation of Family and Medical Leave Act(FMLA)
The FMLA entitles eligible employees to take unpaid, job–protected leave for specified family and
medical reasons with continuation of group health insurance coverage under the same terms and
conditions as if the employee had not taken leave. http://www.dol.gov/whd/fmla/
In 2002, California became the first state in the United States to create the Paid Family Leave (PFL)
program – a family leave insurance program that provides income replacement to eligible workers
for family caregiving or bonding with a new child and this program went into effect on July 1, 2004.
http://paidfamilyleave.org/ask–us/what–is–paid–family–leave
Brief explanation of Americans with Disabilities Act(ADA) ... Show more content on
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In this case, Mr. Guinn has already exceeded the acceptable number of late days and in fact the other
employee have been fired for fewer times of tardiness. So, he must be fired, too. Now, his manager,
Ms. Hu, knows that he is in a serious situation which is his wife has cancer and he is the primary
caregiver. However, the point is when his tardiness and absence happened, those were unexcused.
I have 4 things that I would suggest Ms. Hu and her Boss to do.
First thing is tell Mr. Guinn to apply for Family Leave as soon as possible because he does need the
leave for his wife, in addition to that, if this case is happening in California, he also can apply for
Paid Family leave.
Secondly, consider if it's possible to use his paid leave for previous absent and tardiness to make his
total number of them less than acceptable number or not. He has been working for this company for
9 years, so I think he has right to take paid leave. If they can do that, they don't need to be worried
about equality, but they need to check his wife's medical document to refer the date.
Next one is posting the FMLA notice. They have to do this and make sure every employee
understands that they have right to take leave under eligible

Maternity Leave
Maternity leave is an absence from work prior to having a child. Maternity leave in the United
States is required to be allowed, but paid maternity leave is not guaranteed. There are different
lengths of leave provided for the parent which are typically determined by the parent's employer.
Within the United States of America While in other countries parents are given paid maternity or
even paternity leave. There are some research studies that shows statistics of possible correlations
between longer parental leave and a baby's bond and growth development.
Introduction: Maternity Leave Maternity or paternity leave is a temporary leave from work after
having child. The family and medical leave act (FMLA) provides certain employees with up ...
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Within the United States the only true restriction it states about maternity leave specifically is that a
woman who has a vaginally delivery may have at least 6 weeks of leave and a woman who had a
cesarean section may have at least 8 weeks of leave. In addition, the US only has four states that has
laws in place regarding maternity leave as of 2018, with a fifth state adding laws or regulations in
2019. Instead of specific regulations involving maternity leave the US does have laws enforced to
protect a mother's job. Included in these regulations are prohibiting employers declining to hire or
promote someone because they are expecting a child, also these regulations do include that a woman
can not be fired or demoted because of pregnancy or taking the expected 6–8 weeks leave. It is to
the employer's discretion whether to offer paid leave, partial paid leave, or unpaid leave, and even
jobs that offer these benefits often have criteria the woman must meet to qualify for any paid leave.
In contrast to the United States, Europe has a minimum 14 week leave for new mothers. In addition,
to the 14 week minimum Europe has a minimum standard to provide financial assistance during the
leave, including 3 main fianincal resorts; social security benefits, paid leave from their employer,
public funds. Throughout Europe while the minimum maternity leave is 14 weeks, most
establishments offer longer extended time

Maternity Leave In America
America being one the most industrialized nations it is shocking to most to discover that it does not
provide a more beneficial maternity leave when compared to its European counterparts. Not only is
Europe leading the way for a lengthier leave of absence for new mothers, they also provide financial
benefits to those families with newborns, to American society this is not considered a cultural norm,
in fact it is even bizarre to some that having a child while in the work force would even be
beneficial. Consequently, the difficulty in accessing a reasonable maternity leave in America creates
long term effects on a child's development. The length of maternity leave granted according to A.L
Sutton (2009) "nearly one quarter... [of] working mother[s

Paternity Leave
Most professional companies and organizations offer mothers paid time off. Usually, this maternity
leave is six weeks. New fathers, however, don't often get this same privilege, which is unfortunate.
In order for a father to better support the mother of their child and/or personally care for their child,
a father should be allowed a paid paternity leave. Many would argue that not mandating paternity
leave is serving men and their careers far better than if the policy were to be established. The
opposing side believes that if the creation of paternity leave becomes, mandatory, it will do more
harm than good especially for the men who don't become fathers. Everyone so often starts off by
saying why reward fathers, they didn't go through the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Men are needed for the creation of and the It's important to give the men time to bond with their
child, especially because they often get left out of the process. When the leave becomes mandatory
it can bring men a sense of worth and usefulness, but when it's not mandatory one could begin to
feel as if they don't belong or even aren't important enough to help raise a child. Men who get the
privilege to take leave get more satisfaction from the time spent with their child or children. But
paternity leave is a privilege and not a right, so the men who don't have the liberty to do so aren't
bad fathers, but the leaves fathers take during their child's young stage serves their long term
relationship well because they become more satisfied with it and are more likely to remain involved.
Mandating paternity leave serves children well. The children get more time spent with their fathers
which have been proven to be a significant impact on a happier child, healthier, few behavioral
problems, greater self–esteem, and even tend to do better at school. The long term relationship with
a father and child is somewhat depended on mandating paternity leave. In the academic journal,
Paternity Leave and Fathers Involvement with their Young Children, it states that " If fathers who
take a longer leave continue to be more involved, and if such involvement proves to be beneficial to
children, then a case could potentially be made to provide more access to paternity leave to new
fathers in the US"(Nepomnyaschy and ). This shows that work needs to be done so that the idea of
paternity leave can be a norm in

Should Parents Leave For Unpaid Leave? Essay
First, it is important to emphasize why parental leave needs not only be available but why it also
needs to be paid. An unpaid leave can be very expensive for most people. Providing only unpaid
leave would defeat the purpose of having it in the first place because most would not even use it. In
a survey by the Boston College Centre for Work and Family, they found that 86% of men would
take paternity leave if it paid at least 70% of their wages. (Citation, n. pag.) On the other hand,
women without access to paid maternity leave are forced to into a loss of income or loss of job
altogether. This comes at a time when more expenses are sure to arise and more income is sure to be
needed.
In the data gathered by OECD, in most nations the government pays part of the cost of providing
parental leave benefits through payroll taxes. In these nations, the employee contributes, the
employer contributes, and the government contributes to make sure that benefits are universal. They
have regulators, like Social Security, that takes in the contributions and distributes it to qualified
citizens. Everybody contributes to minimize the burden on just one organization and to discourage
discrimination against potential leave–takers. (Ray, 17) This information is in congruence with the
data gathered by the International Labour Organization which is represented in Figure 4. (30)
As we can see from the map, in some nations the employer shoulders the expense of payments for
parental leave.
VI.

Family And Medical Leave
Overview
As hard as it is to believe that the most "free" and "together" country isn't all that "free and together"
the United States of America has no government–sponsored paid family or medical leave program.
With this little to no support from the government for people starting families, what is usually a
happy and exciting event for families can be turned into a tragic ultimatum, leaving parents with the
decision of whether they want to start a family or be able to pay their bills. In 1993, The Family and
Medical Leave Act began to guarantee employees up to 12 weeks unpaid leave, but due to a number
of exceptions, the FMLA only ended up covering about 60 percent of American workers with this
guarantee (Dusenbury). In addition to the tough

Maternity Leave Case Study
Many of these different employment laws interested me, however, the Family and Medical Leave
Act caught my eye. This is because I have a family member who just recently birthed a child. She
received the required amount of 12 weeks of maternity leave, as well as being granted an extra 6
weeks additionally. So this kind of law made sense for me. Now just a little background on this
employment law, it was enacted in 1993 by President Bill Clinton. The Family and Medical Leave
Act of 1993 allows employees who have worked for a company for 1 year or more to apply for a
period of unpaid leave with no fear of losing their job. The law can be beneficial to an employee
whose family member has become ill, or they are needed to take care of a newborn ... Show more
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employer over the Federal Family and Medical Leave Act takes place in the northern Indiana city of
Elkhart, Indiana. This case is officially referred to as Gilliam vs. United Parcel Service Inc., handed
down on November 29th, 2000. The court case document, that notes Gilliam, in full as Reginald
Gilliam, assumed that the Family and Medical Leave Act licensed him to be able to up to 120 days
off of work without obtaining any penalty. Mr. Gilliam also believed that he did not have to advise
his current employer of his schedule of return to work. There was apparently a miscommunication
of words between Mr. Gilliam and Mr. Gilliam's supervisor about the amount of time that Mr.
Gilliam would be out of the workplace for. This therefore created confusion and disagreements,
leading to a U.S. Circuit Courts decision. All in all, the court confirmed the official accord of Judge
Robert L. Miller. The U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Indiana and Judge Miller had
their rulings upheld, stating that Mr. Gilliam has the full responsibility to inform the company at
least 30 days prior to beginning the requested leave period. Mr. Gilliam failed to fulfill his legal
obligations under the Family and Medical Leave Act and therefore will now reap the repercussions
of his failure to abide by the

Paternity Leave : A Common Thing
Paternity leave is something that many people do not know about because it is not a common thing
in the United States. Paternity leave is not only good for the child but for the family members as
well. If a father is to stay home with their child, many studies show that children will do better in
academics, and will succeed later on in life. It also helps the mother to get back to work quicker and
will help improve her health. As of right now companies do not have to offer paternity leave except
for in three states. But, those companies do not have to pay them during their leave which forces the
mothers to take paid maternity leave which just further increase stereotypes and promotes gender
inequality. As for the companies that do choose to pay the fathers studies have shown that, many
men do not take it because they are too afraid of the stereotypes that come with it. People must
become educated on this subject because it really is an eye opener. If people actually knew the
benefits of paternity leave, many would choose to take a stance on this topic and if enough people
do decide to complain, it is possible that paid paternity will be offered nationwide.
In today 's day and age, we still seem to be fighting for gender equality even though we are in the
year 2016 and women were considered equal in the 1920 's. As American citizens so many people
talk about how women should get equal pay and how women can do what men can do, yet we often
forget that men get

The Family And Medical Leave Act
Federal family policies have many components and rules. Each piece can greatly affect several
dimensions of life – even if they are unintended. The Family and Medical Leave Act is one example
of a policy that influences multiple aspects of life; such as family, finances and economics, and
employer attitudes. Through research, we can assess the quality of policies and suggest changes that
might be helpful for the entire population.
Policy Description and Overview The Family and Medical Leave Act, or FMLA, is "a federal law
that provides unpaid, job–protested leave to eligible employees, both male and female, to care for
their families or themselves for specified family and medical conditions", which was passed in 1993
(Seccombe, 2012, p. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In addition, it has been noted that the access and time–span of maternity leave offered by a job
greatly affects the amount of time it takes to return to work and future family–work relationships
(Guendelman, Goodman, Kharrazi, & Lahiff, 2014). Those who were offered more than 12 weeks of
maternity leave were more likely to return than those offered less (Guendelman, Goodman,
Kharrazi, & Lahiff, 2014). Although this policy is highly complex, I chose to focus on impacts on
gender roles, maternal health, children's development, finances, and employer's attitudes because
these were the aspects that seemed to be abundantly clear throughout the research.
Impact on Family Maternity leave policies have a significant impact on family roles, postpartum
maternal health, and child development. According to Vahration (2009), mothers taking unpaid
maternity leave are enforcing traditional gender roles within the family in order to compensate for
their husband's high earnings. Therefore, perpetuating discrimination in the work place by
encouraging women, rather than men, to leave and take care of their children. In addition to
enforcing gender roles, the Southern Economic Journal (2005) states that a longer maternity leave
has a more

Maternity Leave In Ohio
The advantages are social and cultural, giving the mother time to destress and care for her baby,
while also taking the stress of earning money away. New mothers and families will gain the security
and safety of paid maternity leave, resulting in a better future for our state, our country. An
economical advantage is for the mothers and families who will be financially stable during this time
and without the worry of earning money they need to provide necessary, basic needs to the newborn.
By implementing this solution, lower and middle class families of Ohio are better cared for and
women get the rights they deserve. All in all, the solution will bring many positive changes to our
state. The disadvantages are mostly economical for businesses, ... Show more content on
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An alternative solution is that one company decided to create a program to both allow mothers time
with their child while at the same time being able to advance in their careers. Inkwell implemented a
program where mothers would work almost as if "part–time" and still have paid leave. They would
spend about 20 hours in the work week working and the rest of the time they would spend raising
their newborn. Not only does this help the woman's career keep moving, but it also helps her spend
time properly caring for her child. The program allows for flexibility in their schedules so they can
focus on both work and family, without putting one in front of the other. While this is progress for
the issue, it only pertains to the one company. The rest of America needs to get on board. Some of
the advantages to Inkwell's solution include the family is being supported financially, the mother can
continue improving in her career, stress is taken off of the mother because of the flexible schedule,
and the company doesn't completely lose a worker. The disadvantages of Inkwell's solution include
that while the mothers are still working part–time, the employer would still need to hire and pay new
employees to fill the spots while the mothers aren't working. Another alternative solution was
developed when Marisa Torrieri wrote a Forbes article about how unpaid maternity leave could
work, if the mother takes some things into consideration. Since money is one of the main things that
mothers are worried about by taking a leave, Torrieri highlights ways to ensure the money doesn't
become a problem. The first thing a mother can do is take extra work at their job before the baby
comes so they can be financially sound during the leave. She also states that some employers may
be willing to give an employee paid leave, but most mothers are reluctant to ask. She mentions
practicing saving

Family And Medical Leave Act (FMA)
Family and Medical Leave Act was passed by the Congress and signed into the law in 1993 by
President Bill Clinton. Since that time, millions of hard working Americans, were able to take up to
12 week of unpaid leave to bond with their newborn or newly adopted child, take care of own or
immediate family member health condition or provide a childcare role in case of spouse covered
military deployment, without a worry of losing the job or benefits associated with employment.
(History of FMLA, 2015). In order to take FMLA leave an employee must meet a series of
guidelines that establish eligibility for it, such as working at least 12 months with minimum of 1250
hours in those 12 months for employer who has staff of 50 or more people. According ... Show more
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This case known as "Wal–Mart Stores, Inc. v. Dukes et al." in which current or former employees
were seeking injunctive and declaratory relief, punitive damages and backpay for alleged gender
discrimination based on disproportionate favoritism toward men over pay and promotions by local
managers. Court have decided that claimants were not able to prove that they were discriminated as
a class and decided that Walmart had a right to argue each case in court based on claim. (WAL–
MART STORES, INC. v. DUKES ET AL.,

The Issue Of Paid Parental Leave
INTRODUCTION
Is America falling behind the rest of the world in terms of the services it provides? As a proud
citizen of this great nation I, unfortunately, have to say "yes." Our once outstanding country has
been falling behind in a number of areas including technology, education, economics, and yes, even
in family care! America is now one of only three industrialized countries that hasn't set up a
nationwide policy for paid parental leave. With this knowledge I desired to know more, particularly
if we as a nation are not doing much to rectify the situation. Then, to learn if any states were doing
something about this issue which effects so many people in the workforce. I wanted to see exactly
how far behind, compared to the rest world, we are in the issue of paid parental leave. The Pew
Research Center conducted a study of government supported leave in 38 OECD countries, and
found that the US had the lowest figures with zero weeks of paid leave. Though we did fare better
when it came to the number of weeks provided for protected leave with 12 weeks. We were still far
worse than most other OECD countries (see Figure 1 at right). Knowing that we were rated worse I
wanted to know what people are saying that we can and should be doing to change this situation?
BACKGROUND
The first recorded policy involving working pregnant women was in 1877 in Switzerland. It stated
that a women could not work for at least six weeks after giving birth. Then in 1878 Germany issued
a

Maternity Leave Protection
In the past maternity leave was not an issue. Many mothers gave birth and where stay at home
mothers. Once women began to work, families where bigger and close net. Children babysat their
younger siblings, Grandparents or other relatives lived in the homes and provided care to young
children as well. As years passed by the economy demanded both parents worked outside the home,
mothers and fathers divorced, families became smaller and laws stopped children from babysitting
younger siblings. This caused what is known as maternity leave. The time that a new mother and
some cases father takes off from work after the birth of their baby.
In regards to maternity leave, there has been 4 important Acts that have played an extraordinary role.
These ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It's a Federal law that effects the length of time a mother and newborn child are covered for hospital
stay while giving birth. Health plans may not restrict benefits for a hospital stay due to child birth to
less than 48 hours if birth was vaginally delivered and 96– hours cesarean section delivery. This
time starts at the time of deliver, and only covers the mother. If mother is ready for discharge the
Health Plan does not have to continue coverage. NMHPA does not apply to high risk pools since it's
not an

Essay On Maternity Leave
Women in the United States should be guaranteed a paid maternal leave. The United States is the
only industrialized country that does not guarantee paid maternity leave. The Family and Medical
Leave Act was passed in 1993, and it protects a woman's position at her job for 12 weeks: It does
not mandate pay (Holohan). Paid maternity leave is not unheard of in the United States. California,
New Jersey, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island– these are the states that offer some form of paid
leave to new mothers. It is not enough to only have four states offer paid leave. Only 12% of
Americans are able to take a paid maternity leave (NPR). Paid maternity leave should be mandated
in every state. Many people do support the idea of paid leave, but some oppose because they do not
want to pay for it. The way maternity leave could be paid for is the same principle as Social
Security. A small portion of people's paychecks would go towards paid leave. Some people do not
realize that paid maternity leave does not mean that women are simply paid the same as if they were
still working. The states that allow paid maternity leave only allow four to six weeks of their time
off to be paid. It is different among ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
91% of businesses in California reported positive or neutral outcomes from having paid maternity
leave (Kurtzleben). The positive feedback that California has received from offering paid maternity
leave proves that paid maternity can work in the entire United States. No woman should have to
return to work before her body is even able to sit without using a pillow so she can be in less pain.
Women should not have to leave their babies after a few weeks because they cannot afford to take
all 12 guaranteed weeks of leave. Women need to be able to support themselves and their family
after giving birth, which is why the United States needs to mandate paid maternity leave in every

Paid Parental Leave
HOW IT COULD BE USED TO IMPROVE THE UNITED STATES
In the US, paid parental leave is considered to be a benefit provided by employers, but not required.
Yet, only 12% of workers reported having such coverage in 2013, according to an estimate from the
Bureau of Labor Statistics National Compensation Survey. According to the United States
Department of Labor, paid maternity leave can increase female labor force participation by making
it easier for women to stay in the workforce after giving birth, which contributes to economic
growth. Furthermore, when parents are better supported at work through paid family and medical
leave, they are also less likely to rely on public assistance benefits. Paid leave leads to better
outcomes for parents and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
If we as Americans plan to lead the world's economy, we must start with our future, our children.
According to Ruhm, Parental leave results in better prenatal and postnatal care and strengthened
parental bonding over a child's life (Ruhm, 2007). This time provides long–term benefits that
improve a child's brain development, social development and overall well–being. Below is a
diagram from the California Work and Family Coalition, showing the impacts of pregnancy and
bonding. For example, Mothers who stay home before delivery experience a lower rate for
premature birth and less surgical

Essay On Paid Maternity Leave
Paid Maternity Leave is a Must A mere 12 weeks is the amount of unpaid maternity leave promised
to working mothers under the Family Medical Leave Act (FMLA) in America. Although many
mothers–to–be gladly take the dozen weeks off, American families are at a disadvantage compared
to other families around the globe. The United States is the only industrialized nation in the world
that does not guarantee or even offer paid maternity leave for working mothers; employers decide
whether to provide paid leave for mothers. In the last few decades, more women have traded their
aprons for briefcases. However, working women in the United States must choose to raise families
while keeping their jobs. Currently, women in the United States must choose between their kids or
their career. Mothers who decide to have families must stay at home with a new baby with no
guarantee of a paycheck. New mothers should be guaranteed six months of fully paid maternity
leave in the United States because they need to restore their health, paid leave helps the economy,
and it promotes better health of the baby.
Although the process of giving birth and recovery is different for every woman, the human body
must withstand many physical and psychological changes after having a baby. The federal ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Although the United States is one of the most advanced nations in the world, some women do not
receive the treatment they need and deserve to build the best lives for their children and their
families. Other countries such as France and Australia have embraced paid maternity leave. The
United States is seen as the mother of the globe. Other countries follow their example. America's
loyal children need an example to follow. Just six months can birth new opportunities for all new
mothers and their growing

The Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) Essay
You get the phone call in the middle of the night. Your son or daughter has been in a serious
accident and is hospitalized in critical condition. After several day's they come home from the
hospital with several broken bones and require your around the clock attention for the next eight to
twelve weeks. You just got over a serious medical condition yourself which you acquired while on
vacation and do not have any vacation time or sick time to take off. Do you have to quit your job?
Can your employer terminate you for taking time off to be with your child? What options do you
have? What can your employer do for you? Well, the answer lies in the Family and Medical Leave
Act.
The Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) was passed in 1993 and ... Show more content on
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The FMLA benefits the employer by allowing him or her to excuse his employees for medical
conditions or family issues. This benefits both the employer and employee in allowing them to both
know that their can be a balance between the workplace and family life. (dol.gov)
Some of the disadvantages that the employer faces are not being able to predict when employees
will be taking FMLA leave, causing them to make last minute changes to work schedules and the
understanding of what is considered to be a serious illness. A recent survey reported by Ioma, a
leading business management organization, states that the Society for Human Resource
Management (SHRM) found that 68% of organizations have experienced challenges in
administering medical leave under the FMLA. These challenges include:
Tracking intermittent leave (51%)
Costs associated with lost productivity due to employees' absences (40%)
Unsure about the legitimacy of leave requests (36%)
Morale problems among employees asked to cover for absent employees (33%)
DOL regulations and guidance is contradictory and confusing (27%) (ioma. Payroll report)
Current Use of FMLA
The Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM) recently reported

Family Leave Paper
Family Leave Research Paper Imagine someone just got out of college and they have found that
special someone, have a steady job that pays well, and has been thinking about how they have
always wanted to have a child of their own and now they can. That someone and their significant
other finally gets the precious gift of a child of their own, but when they put in the request to get
paid time off for maternity or paternity leave their boss declines the request. Now they have to make
the decision either stay at their job and not be home with their newborn child in the most critical
months or years of their life, or quit their job and not be able to support for the rest of their family
until their son or daughter is ready to only have one parent home or have a babysitter. They are ...
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This country doesn't help its citizens as much as it thinks it does when it comes to family leave. A
fact from the Los Angeles Times(2014) states that, "The federal government deems workers eligible
for unpaid parental leave only if they have been with their employer for at least 12 months, if their
employer has at least 50 employees, and if they worked at least 1,250 hours during that year long
period." Due to these conditions not everyone that is on the workforce can be eligible for even
unpaid leave, and this law it is unfair for the majority of small businesses and local businesses to
grant their workers any time off for family leave. This leaves the parents in a predicament, with
either having to only get unpaid time off for a short time or even having to quit their job and not
being able to financially support their new family, or they can stay at their job and work and have
the money for their new family and not have the precious bonding time with their children and may
even lead to family issues in the

Paid Paternity Leave
My mother, like most mothers, took off work after I was born. Taking time off work post–partum is
customary around the world, but living in Colombia when I was born, my mom received one
hundred percent maternity leave for fourteen weeks. Colombia is not the only country that offers
some form of maternity, in reality every country offers some form of maternity leave besides Papua
New Guinea and the United States. Most European countries even so far to grant some variation of
paid paternity leave. Why is the United States the only first world country that does not have a law
that guarantees some variation of paid paternal leave? Paternal leave gives countless benefits to the
newborn child and the parents. A research study done by Harvard Professor

Maternity Leave Cons
What does the United States of America have in common with Papua New Guinea? Although they
both have a tropical climate and plentiful access to seawater, the true answer is much more
depressing. The United States and Papua New Guinea are the only two countries in the world not to
mandate any form of paid maternity leave for any period of time. This is a deplorable state of
affairs. It shows a marked disrespect of women's health by policy–makers and corporations. In 1993,
former president Bill Clinton signed the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) into law. This act
federally mandates that businesses must give at least 12 weeks of unpaid maternity leave to new
mothers. You might think at first that this is a good thing. Women can't get paid leave, but at least
they have some form of guaranteed leave from work right? Wrong. The Act only covers women
employed in businesses that have more than 50 employees. In addition, the new mothers must have
been employed at the same business for the past year and during that year she must have worked at
least 1250 hours. If any of these stipulations are not met, the company does not have to give the
woman even the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They argue that paid maternity leave will become a major monetary burden on the company. Their
argument could not be more wrong. Women who have good benefits are naturally more likely to
come back to their jobs after their leave ends. It only makes sense. If you've been treated well,
you've no reason to leave. This will increase the company's retention rate of high–performing
women workers. In addition, there are other ways of funding paid maternity leave than having
companies pay out of pocket. In example, one suggested system is much like social security.
Companies and employees would pay a small portion monthly to be put into a bigger pool of money
that everyone could draw from to pay for maternity

Benefits Of A Paid Maternity Leave
Paid maternity leave is a specific period of time allotted by one's employer in which a woman is
able to be on paid leave after having a child. Most, if not all developed countries in the world offer
paid maternity leave to it's expectant women. However, paid maternity leave is considered a
privilege, not a right in the United States and it is not mandated to be offered by employers.
Although the length of paid leave varies from country to country, it is evident that countries around
the world see value in giving women time with their new children while maintaining financial
stability. The most common form of maternity leave around the world includes around 12 weeks of
paid leave of some sort which is usually mandated by the country 's government, while the United
States is one of three developed countries in the world who do not have mandated paid maternity
leave laws in place. According to the Institute for Women's Policy Research, 3 out of 4 people, or
76% of the U.S. population, would like to see policies in place mandating paid maternity leave. This
essay will discuss paid maternity leave in great detail touching upon the history of maternity leave,
the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993, the components of generalized maternity leave, how
other countries utilize this policy, and how the U.S can benefit from it, along with other agains.
HISTORY OF MATERNAL LEAVE
Although maternity leave has been an issue of debate in various countries since the 1900's, the
1970's was

Unnecessary Sick Leave Violations
In practice, all employees are required to use at least 5 days of their allotted sick leave to cover the
elimination period for Short–term Disability. When Bonnie's leave commenced on Dec 20, 2016,
she had exhausted all of her paid sick leave (80 hrs). Because she was not actively at work, she did
not receive holiday pay. However, upon her return she was issued her incentive bonus which was
paid Feb 3, 2017. Although Ms. Desrosiers STD was denied, she was approved for FML for the
same time period. I have received a request to determine if Ms. Desrosiers is eligible to utilize her
80 hours of paid sick time as of January 1, 2017. Please keep in mind as an organization we
typically do not pay more than 5 – 7 days of paid sick time under

Argumentative Essay On Maternity Leave
Studies show that women who take 12 weeks maternity leave have an improvement of overall
mental health. In recent studies women that were given an extended time of paid maternity leave
were 18% less likely to suffer from depression in the coming years of their life. In the long run, paid
maternity leave may benefit society in many ways. It is up to the government to change the outdated
laws from unpaid leave to paid leave.
Personal Perspective Personally, I feel that there needs to be change to the Family and Medical
Leave Act. It is outdated and does not fit it with the current time. I feel as if women should be
afforded paid leave in order to take care of their children and their own well–being. Many women
do not participate in maternity leave because it is unpaid and they aren't able to afford proper living
expenses. For example, my sister has recently had a baby. Although she works for a company that
offers unpaid leave for new mothers, she lacks money and cannot afford to take unpaid leave.
Although her husband would still be able to work, he does not make enough money to provide for
the both of them on his own. He relies on her to help him out and therefore she has to work instead
of take time off. They still have to pay money some days for daycare. Paid ... Show more content on
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Also, many women do not qualify for unpaid maternity leave due to company size. We have learned
that many women do not even take the offered maternity leave because they cannot afford
necessities. This paper has given an in depth look on how paid maternity leave may be useful for
women in the workplace. The positives of paid maternity leave definitely outweigh the negative
effects of unpaid leave. Paid leave can not only benefit the company in the long run, but also the
health of the baby and mother. Paid maternity leave should exist in the United States and the Family
and Medical Leave Act should be

Family And Family Leave
Did you know that only 12 percent of the American, private sector workforce receives paid family
leave? (Hakobyn 2017). In 1993, the United States created the Family and Medical Leave Act
(FMLA), which allows a full time employee 12 weeks per year of unpaid, protected leave for a
medical illness of a family member, serious personal health conditions, the birth of a child, or the
adoption of a child. An employee is only eligible for the leave if they have worked at least 1,250
hours over the course of 12 months and if their employer has fifty or more employees located within
a 75 mile radius. The United States is one of three countries in the world to not offer mandated
parental leave.Within the United States, only California, Rhode Island, and New Jersey offer
mandated paid parental leave. While the FMLA has been beneficial, paid parental leave gives better
benefits economically to the mother and the business they work for, better health for the child, and
mental health benefits for the mother. Paid parental leave results in high economic benefits for the
mother. Studies find that paid maternity leave results in a higher chance of a woman coming back to
work after the birth of a child. According to a study co–written by Mr. Ruhm of the University of
Virginia, mothers located in California that took leave were six percent more likely to return to their
job a year later (Miller 2015). Even if it isn't a significant percentage, the smallest amount could
work to benefit both

Sick Leave Law Research Paper
New family medical law for Arizona
Starting tomorrow July 1, 2017 employers in the state of Arizona must fallow the new paid sick
leave law proposition 206 the Fair Wages and Healthy Families Act.
The act will require employers that have 15 or more employees to offer 40 hours per year and
employers that have fewer than 15 employees must offer 24 hours paid sick leave per year.
Employees earn 1 hour of paid sick leave per 30 hours worked.
This new law offers paid sick leave for not only employee but employees family member's as well.
The act covers illness "Physical or Mental", injury, absences related to abuse, and public health
emergencies that cause closure of the employer's workplace, school or daycare.
The act requires employees to give

The Federal Family Medical Leave Act (FMLA)
The main law that can affect employee absenteeism is the Family Medical Leave Act (FMLA). The
federal Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) took effect in 1993 by federal statute as well as
court decisions (U.S. Department of Labor, 2011). This law enables the workforce to coordinate job
and household obligations. How it works is by permitting staff to take time off without pay for
particular health–related and family needs. This law addresses every public employer and private
employers employing more than 50 people at a time. The FMLA necessitates these businesses to
grant up to 12 weeks of leave to qualified individual workers for the birth of a baby or childcare,
adoption purposes, the staff member's own major health issues or a family ... Show more content on
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1). The use of FMLA cannot have a negative impact on the staff's performance evaluation or
possible promotional positions. The performance evaluation should be based on the time the
employee was actually at work and if they meet their performance expectations (Mayhew, 2015)
In conclusion, the FMLA law can work for honest employees who encounter problems but can be a
nuisance for employers of employees who abuse these laws consistently with absences. With the
evolution of job analysis, redesigning of job descriptions to help to improve the criteria for the
candidate selection process are more common today. Employers must also be in compliance with
staffing ratios if they are applicable to the organization. Employee absenteeism can be reduced in
the workplace with the implementation of appropriate staffing strategies, placement of policy and
procedures, tracking of habitual offenders, and effective disciplinary actions.
Slide

Is Family Paid Leave?
Family Paid Leave One cannot simply address the idea of family paid leave without looking at
issues that have impacted the family unit previously known by our nation's founding fathers. While
it is true that divorce was an issue prior to the United States ever establishing itself as a nation, it is
important to know that in the years prior to 1970 there had to be a legitimate reason for ones being
granted a divorce; adultery, desertion, bigamy. Prior to the "no–fault" divorce, national divorce rates
held steady between the years 1950 and 1965 at 2.4 divorces per every thousand people. It was only
after the "no fault" divorce implementation by California in 1969 and its subsequent adoption by
other states in 1970 that divorce rates ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Divorce fractures the family unit which had previously provided its children with much needed
stability and allowed those children to prosper. Assets that previously been allocated to a child's
development are now used to help them adapt to their new life status. Our nation's involvement in
WWI required significant manpower which led to the enlistment of a significant portion of our male
population as well as a smaller female faction. The result was a deficit in the industrial workforce of
our nation. In an attempt to shore up these deficits our government incentives for those women who
chose to leave their homemaker status to enter the workforce and support of the war effort. During
WWII two–thirds of our nation's married women entered the work force to aid the nation's war
effort. At the conclusion of the World Wars, many post war families had become reliant on the
second income of the wife/mother making it difficult to revert back to traditional family ideologies.
More recently, legislation legalizing gay marriage is yet another weakening of the conservative
traditional family unit which the former secretary of education, William Bennett, deemed "vital to
civilization's success." Socialists as well as Communists have previously expressed their extreme
aversion to both the traditional ideas of family and marriage. Socialist's ideologies include children
being divorced from their parents and their being transferred to a communal style of living.

Under the Family Medical Leave Act, maternity and paternity leave, otherwise known as parental
leave for new parents, is protected. Passed under the Clinton Administration, this Act provides
workers with twelve weeks or less unpaid leave with health benefits. Although, federally, unpaid
leave is guaranteed, paid leave is not. This often leads to discrimination in the workplace and many
other problems such as health issues for new mothers and financial difficulties especially regarding
day care. Some offenses include "firing or demoting a pregnant employee, denying the same or a
similar job to a pregnant employee when she returns from a pregnancy–related leave, and failing to
grant a male employee health insurance coverage for his wife's pregnancy ... Show more content on
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As a result, many parents find themselves in a difficult choice between spending time with their
newly born children and working in order to support them. The ultimate solution to this problem
would be to amend the Family and Medical Leave Act to include some kind of paid maternity leave.
Ideally, this would be applied on a federal level, but we could first start off at a state level, with
states offering paid maternity leave. President Obama has spoken about this and mentioned the need
to incentivize states until it can be achieved at a federal level . There is also the very realistic
possibility of incentivizing the private sector to provide paid maternity to workers. We could
accomplish this with grants, tax incentives, etc. The private sector and businesses hold a crucial role
in this debate, and if we want to get anywhere, we have to understand their perspectives. Some
businesses and corporations have started offering some kind of paid parental leave because it is
more likely to attract more candidates for their companies. However, they are strongly against
governmental intervention in this matter. Since there is no federal mandate over how this paid
parental leave is supposed to be structured, there are various kinds of plans all over the country.
Tech companies, for example, offer some of the best and most generous maternity leave plans.

Parental Leave Policy Analysis
Parental Leave
The need for paid family leave has always been there, but finally is coming to the forefront of the
presidential election in 2016. Both democratic front runners have policies that they have spoken
about openly and even a few republicans had some bare bones policies, but those politicians did not
make it this far. The best and most inclusive policy in my opinion is the one of Bernie Sanders.
Sanders supports and is cosponsoring the FAMILY Act which would provide 12 weeks of paid
family and medical leave to care for a sick loved one or for the birth of a child. Also, he supports the
Healthy Families act that would guarantee 7 days of paid sick leave to every worker. The last part of
his plan is to support the Guaranteed Paid Vacation ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Finally, as millennials start to gain some power and pull in the workforce after graduating from
college and starting families of their own it is starting to get some traction. The generation as a
whole is not willing to compromise their work life balance to fit the societal norm (Gilbert, 2011).
The demands of the generation that is larger than baby boomers will not be stifled, especially when
the United States has many countries to catch up to when it comes to workers' rights policies like
family leave. It is estimated that millennials will be over 50% of the workforce in the next 4 years
(PWC, 2016). That kind of majority in the workforce and thus voting population forces change and
opens windows for policy makers that have been patiently waiting in the wings for the chance to
push their policies through. Sanders policies that he is supporting and co–sponsoring are a perfect
example of this. Sanders has supported family leave since the early 1980s but did not have the
policy window to push his policy through. Power structure within society is something else that is
changing with the millennial generation. Millennials are a generation that is very aware of who has
power in society and why they have it. As a whole they are fighting to reverse the inequity and
racism that is often found within that power. Many studies such as Social Change Impact Report,
2014

Netflix's Case : Netflix : Parental Leave For Family Leave
Recently, Netflix restructured their parental leave policies for both new mothers and fathers to
receive an unlimited paid leave for up to a year. The company then permits the workers to return
part–time or full–time as needed for a better transition into the balance between a career and a new
child (Spar 98). At first, this generous plan singularly applied to salaried workers in the streaming
division; however, after a few months of persuasive input from employees and customers, Netflix
decided to offer restricted benefits to hourly workers, with up to sixteen weeks of full pay
("ValueWalk"). Although uncommon to companies in the United States, a plan of this nature will
amplify economic prospects by enhancing recruiting ability and promoting the health of workers.
Thus, business should have policies that mirror this support and flexibility of providing paid
parental leave benefits. Despite the advantages of paid parental leave, the United States trails behind
other developed countries in guaranteeing these options. In fact, America is currently "one of the
only two nations (the other being Papua New Guinea) that do not guarantee paid maternity leave to
new mothers" (Baum II and Ruhm 333). Last year, according to the Pew Research Center, only
fourteen percent of workers had access to paid family leave (Desilver). Instead of choosing to
extend paid leave for their employees, many American businesses opt to offer unpaid family leave
that is available to almost ninety

Parental Leave Research Paper
A new born baby should always be welcomed with open arms excitement, not with fear. On this
paper, I want to talk why having a paid parental leave in the united states is something that we need.
This topic is of high interest to me because they are only a few countries around the world who don't
offer paid parental leave and the united states is one of them. As a person who wants to start a family
in a future, not having paid parental leave can affect me in many ways. For instance, without paid
parental leave and with the current parental leave policy, were parents only get 12 weeks of unpaid
parental leave; will have to go back to work to make sure that we are not be set back financially.
Leaving my 12–week infant at a day care, without a

The Paternity Of Maternity Leave Essay
Lately, both mothers and fathers have been requesting more time off of work after their baby has
been born to bond and spend more time with them. Most business work places have not accepted
their request and have made the desired parent of that child to come back to work as quickly as
possible, even if that time spent with their baby is more important. Paternity/Maternity leave is
important and has a tremendous amount of impact on that child and how they will act in the future,
which is why that time after birth should be extended to a set amount of time of one year. Paternity
leave is the time that a father is allowed to be away from work after the birth of his child(Paternity
Leave 1). Maternity leave is the time when a mother is allowed to be away from work after the birth
of her child. Both are equally as important. According to Gretchen Livingston, a researcher at a
University, the U.S. is the only country among 41 nations that does not mandate any paid leave for
new parents(Livingston 1). The United States, not having an exact set time, but the average amount
of weeks given to the mother or father after their baby 's birth to spend time with them is 12 weeks,
which is also unpaid. Businesses need to extend the time they give to mothers and fathers after their
baby is born. One of the many problems that comes with the average of 12 weeks of not having
enough time to spend with your baby after birth is that baby then becomes unattached to everyone
and often feels

Benefits Of Paid Maternity Leave Essay
Benefits of Paid Maternity Leave Two unlikely countries have one unlikely thing in common. The
United States of America and Papua New Guinea are the only two countries worldwide that do not
have paid maternity leave. The United States' effort to pass paid maternity leave goes back to the
1920s. In the years since, most other countries have guaranteed a salary for mothers taking time off,
and some even cover father's paternity leaves. Through countries with paid leave, we have learned
the many ways paid leave helps babies, parents, and entire families (Rubin 1). So why has the
United States not yet created a paid leave mandate? In 1993, President Bill Clinton signed into law
the Family and Medical Leave Act. This act mandates a minimum of twelve weeks of unpaid leave
for qualifying reasons, including the birth of a child (White House 4). When I was born, my mother
was given the opportunity, through her work, to apply for disability insurance. The insurance, paid
for by her employer, covered pay for approximately 70% of her salary for six weeks of leave. There
was no pay given for the other six weeks provided for by the Family and Medical Leave Act. My
mother's employer gave her many health benefits and the flexibility she needed when she had her
children. The business community is not opposed to paid leave, as it is recorded that over fifty
percent of working U.S. citizen have paid leave and paid vacation, according to the Labor
Department. The National

Parental Leave
Natasha Watson
Rikki Noel–Williams
Comp II
9 November 2014
Giving Birth and Back to Work, Are the Benefits Enough?
According to dictionary.com parental leave is "a leave of absence from a job for a parent to care for
a new baby." Paternal leave can either be paid or unpaid and refers to many different types of leave
including maternity, paternity, and adoption leave. Cambridge Dictionaries Online defines maternity
leave as "the period when a woman can legally be absent from work in the weeks before and after
she has a baby" and paternity leave as "a period of time that a father is legally allowed to be away
from his job so that he can spend time with his new baby." Although adoption leave is a type of
paternal leave offered to working citizens, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is an excellent option as it would allow parents to take paid leave but there are also many
disadvantages to this approach. First, some employees, especially if they are new, often accumulate
very little sick or vacation time. If someone is earning four hours a pay period and there are 26 pay
periods in a year, they would only accumulate approximately 13 days of leave. If they accrue sick
leave at the same rate, that would give the employee a total of 26 days of paid leave, not even a
month. Adding in a typical 10 federal holidays, an employee would have approximately 36 days for
which they could take leave and be paid for which does not provide adequate income for an
employee who has chosen to take the full 12 weeks of leave offered by FMLA. Using up all of one's
leave can also create issues. If the employee catches the flu but has used up all of their leave, they
will have to take leave without pay. If the employee has more than one child and that child becomes
ill, they will not have to take leave without pay in order to stay home and nurse the child. This leave
without pay could be covered under FMLA but if all of the benefits were used up during paternity
leave, their position could be in jeopardy if they needed to take leave without pay for unforeseen
reasons. Using holiday pay could prove to be difficult because employees may not always get

The Importance Of Paid Family Leave
Pregnancy and early child development is a fundamental aspect of human society, and is pertinent to
the development of a successfully functioning community. The developmental and social progress of
any civilization relies on children, as they will compose the future working population. Therefore, a
mother or father's involvement in the child's development is of extreme importance, which is why
family leave has been implemented all over the world. Family leave refers to the period of time
granted to the employee to care for their newborn child. As communities evolve economically,
financial stability is necessary, for what is perceived to be socially successful for a child's
development, which is why paid family leave is popular throughout the world's nations. However,
ABC News reports that "the U.S. is only one of three countries in the world that don't offer paid
maternity leave" (Kim, 2015); the same is true for paternity leave. The United States government
has an interesting track record dealing with family leave, but in order to analyze what the US
government and advocacy groups have done to solve this issue, there first needs to be an
understanding on why this issue is so difficult to resolve. The arguments that support and oppose
paid family leave in the United States are equally valid, therefore causing a stalemate in the
attempted policy making of legislative bodies. Paid family leave is highly supported amongst many
employed parents in the United States, and is

While doing some research, I have learned that maternity leave has become quite an issue. In
Virginia, we do not have a state law that specifically requires employers to offer pregnancy leave.
Although, we do have the Human Rights Act that must provide some leave for those women who
are disabled by pregnancy. Being disabled by pregnancy means that you can no longer do certain
activities so that the mother can deliver safely and care for the newborn. In America, the U.S. has a
policy, The Family and Medical leave Act of 1993. It is mandating 12 weeks of unpaid leave
annually. Unfortunately, only four states have paid maternity leave. The four states are California,
New Jersey, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island. California and New Jersey gives you 6 weeks and
Rhode Island gives you only 4 weeks. Research has shown that women in the United States are
more likely to drop out of work force voluntarily due to lack of time with the infant and stress. After
just looking at maternity leave in America, I decided to branch out and do other countries. I wanted
to compare the difference between the two. Upon doing some research I ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
There were two that particularly caught my eye. A man named, Jim in Massachusetts could only
take five days off. Unfortunately, those 5 days were unpaid. The moment he came back to work he
described it as being "worked to death" and was also sleep deprived. (O'Neil, 22 Dads Explain What
Paternity Leave is Really Like in America) Another one I read was a man in Texas, Chris. He is a
bartender and if you're a bartender you would know that if you stop taking hours they stop
scheduling hours for you to work. When his child was born he could no longer work during the
week and could only work the weekends. They slowly stopped putting him on the schedule and he
felt like he was forced into retirement. (O'Neil, 22 Dads Explain What Paternity Leave is Really
Like in

Sick Leave Law Case Study

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