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Angel Group Financing
 A Venture Capital Guide For Entrepreneurs



                          By
                    Don Jones
                CEO, VentureDeal




                                   VentureDeal is a venture capital database that
                                   provides the latest information about venture-
                                   backed technology companies, venture capital
                                   investors and transactions in the United States.




        1263 El Camino Real • Menlo Park • CA • 94025
 T (650) 323-1817 • F (650) 587-5476 • www.VentureDeal.com
Table of Contents


              I.           Introduction……………………………………………………………3

              II.          Are Angel Groups Right For You? ………….…………...7

              III.        Approaching Angel Groups ………………………………….12

              IV.         Executive Summary And Business Plan ………….……15

              V.           How Angel Groups Evaluate Deals ………………………18

              VI.         The First Meeting …….……………………………………………22

              VII.         The Main Presentation ………………………………………….25

              VIII. Following Up After The Presentation .……………………28

              IX.          Due Diligence ………….……………………………………………32

              X.            Negotiating Investment Terms ……………………………34

              XI.          Closing Process And Post Closing Reporting .………37

              XII.          Final Thoughts ………….………………………………………....39

              XIII. About The Author ….………………………………………………40

              XIV.          Additional Resources ……………………………………………41

              XV.          Contact And Legal Notice ………………………………………42




                                                                                                             Page 2
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
I. Introduction



          The idea for this eBook came out of a series of blog posts

          at VentureDeal and it aims to shed light on the world of

          angel groups. In doing so, perhaps more entrepreneurs

          will be encouraged to seriously consider angel groups as a

          viable funding source and stepping stone to business

          success.


          This work represents my own views on standard practices

          among the more established angel groups. For any

          particular group, there may be significant variation from

          what I describe. That is to be expected, as this relatively

          new form of organized investing grows and adapts to the

          business environment around it.


          To entrepreneurs seeking funding for their startup

          company, angel investment groups are shrouded in

          mystery. It needn't be so. While angel groups tend to be

          private organizations operating in many cases by word of

          mouth, they actively seek high quality investment

          opportunities and strive to work effectively with both

          experienced and promising entrepreneurs.



                                                                                                             Page 3
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
An angel group is a loose organization of SEC accredited

          investors who come together to invest individually or as a

          group in promising business opportunities. This eBook will

          focus on the modern version of the angel group, more

          specifically groups that invest principally in technology-

          oriented startup companies. In addition, I hope to provide

          entrepreneurs with insight in dealing with angel groups

          and the process by which they source, evaluate and

          interact with investment opportunities.



          The earliest technology-focused angel groups were initially

          formed in the mid 1980's. One objective of these groups

          was to invest venture capital in promising technologies and

          entrepreneurs that were coming out of existing, large

          technology companies, notably the semiconductor and

          software companies among others. These large entities

          were the backbone of the nascent technology industry at

          the time.



          Early angel groups formed from a small core of successful

          technology entrepreneurs, adding members based on word

          of mouth. Over time, a simple framework emerged: The



                                                                                                             Page 4
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
members would share duties of sourcing and evaluating

          new companies. They would meet once per month,

          usually over dinner, to have the potential investee

          companies formally present their opportunity for funding.

          Members who decided to invest would do so from their

          own account. Later, some groups would develop a

          separate fund, financed by institutions to co-invest

          alongside members when additional funds were needed.



          Not long after, other successful business people located in

          various technology-oriented regions of the country began

          to adopt various forms of the same idea, so that today

          there are numerous variations on the original theme.



          Today, angel groups operate with numerous structures:

          some groups have created a fund for individual members

          to invest in and have decision-making authority over.

          Others form a separate corporate entity for each

          investment. Other groups invest on an individual member

          basis. Some angel groups have separate funds, while

          other groups do not see the need to raise and operate a

          fund.



                                                                                                             Page 5
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
There are also angel group networks, which are umbrella

          organizations that help underserved regions easily create

          and develop angel groups using a template. The umbrella

          organization assists the local angel groups to perform the

          necessary administrative work, thus freeing them to focus

          on sourcing and evaluation of potential investees.


          On a national level, the Angel Capital Association (ACA)

          was formed in 2004. The stated purpose of the ACA is to

          "increase the success of member angel groups," by sharing

          best practices, educating members via its affiliate Angel

          Capital Education Foundation (ACEF), promoting regional

          collaboration among member groups and encouraging

          individual angel investors to join angel groups. As of

          publication date, the ACA listed 126 angel groups as

          member organizations. The ACA is led by a Board of

          Directors composed of prominent angel group leaders and

          has several sub-committees responsible for

          recommendations on various aspects of its operations.




                                                                                                             Page 6
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
II. Are Angel Groups Right For You?



          The first question to ask yourself as an entrepreneur is

          whether angel groups are right for you and your company.

          To gain insight into that question, you should understand

          where angel groups fit into the "funding chain."



          The funding chain can be roughly summarized as follows,

          with exceptions based on differing circumstances:



          1. Self funding - an entrepreneur provides his or her own

          funds to begin development of the company's technology.

          Common funding amounts range up to $100,000.



          2. Friends and family - usually tapped for larger funding

          amounts to further develop the product or service to

          demonstration or alpha stage. Common funding amounts

          range up to $250,000.



          3. Angel groups - a higher funding threshold for creating a

          beta version of the company technology for pilot test

          purposes or initial marketing. Common funding amounts



                                                                                                             Page 7
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
range from $250,000 to $1 million.



          4. Institutional venture capital firms - commonly used for

          final product/service development as well as sales and

          marketing expansion once the technology has been

          validated on a smaller scale. Provides follow-on financing

          through exit via M&A transaction or IPO. Common funding

          amounts exceed $1 million.




          Another metric for determining whether an angel group is

          right for you and your company are the types of

          investments the group typically makes. Most angel groups

          invest via preferred company stock, which places an

          agreed-upon valuation on your company as of the

          transaction date and in which you trade an ownership

          stake in your company in return for the investment. Other

          groups prefer to invest via promissory notes, often called

          convertible bridge notes, which typically convert at some

          discount to the next equity round. Additionally,

          promissory note transactions tend to be simpler and

          faster, with less documentation and lower legal fees.




                                                                                                             Page 8
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
The central question for the entrepreneur on this issue is

          whether you wish to give up equity in your company, or

          sign on a promissory note in return for the investment. On

          the angel group side, many groups prefer not to use the

          bridge note vehicle, due to a lack of alignment of interests

          that may occur.


          This lack of alignment can happen because the investor in

          a bridge note is helped if the note converts to equity at a

          lower valuation in the subsequent equity round, whereas

          the entrepreneur wants the highest possible valuation.

          Also, with a bridge note, the investor has no shareholder

          voting rights in the company, which typically come with an

          equity stake.



          A third element for reviewing potential angel groups is

          qualitative. Does the group have members that are

          knowledgeable and familiar with your industry? If so, the

          group may be able to enhance your future prospects by

          introducing you to resources and other investors, providing

          valuable guidance and adding value in other, non-financial

          ways. By learning about the industries and other

          companies that an angel group has invested in, you may


                                                                                                             Page 9
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
be able to determine if that group is potentially a good fit

          for your business.



          Another aspect in dealing with angel groups is their

          particular process for reviewing investment opportunities.

          The group should be open about their process - what it

          entails and how long it typically lasts. If they aren't

          forthcoming, you would be well advised to proceed with

          caution.



          Most angel groups do not require a fee for evaluating your

          opportunity. However, some do in order to defray their

          administrative expenses. Many groups do have significant

          administrative costs and are not money-making concerns

          at the administrative level, so in some cases a nominal fee

          may be justified. This is for you to judge whether you find

          it acceptable to pay a fee.



          Many groups provide online forms for submitting your

          company information. Follow these procedures as closely

          as possible. Angel groups typically review large quantities

          of business opportunities and "following the rules" will only



                                                                                                             Page 10
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
help your chances. Groups want to be able to easily

      compare opportunities, so it is important to provide your

      company information in their format. Standing out from

      the crowd at this stage would not be helpful to you, as it

      would likely be perceived by the angel group as "can't

      follow simple instructions." If you want to create the

      impression that you are easy to work with and establish a

      relationship with, this is your first test. As you proceed

      further down the funding process, some groups even

      provide consulting to help improve presentation skills and

      materials.



      As for the amount of time it should take to obtain funding,

      a good estimate for the situation of a motivated angel

      group, an investee company that has clean due diligence

      and both parties share reasonable deal term expectations,

      is about 90 days from initial process to the check in the

      bank. It can be shorter in duration in some situations,

      such as a convertible bridge note with an experienced

      entrepreneur, or longer if due diligence is difficult, lengthy

      or deal negotiation (and re-negotiation) causes delays.




                                                                                                             Page 11
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
III. Approaching Angel Groups



  There are a few ways to approach an angel group to

  present your company's investment opportunity. In order

  of preference, the following methods are most commonly

  used:



  1. The best way to be introduced to an angel group is by

  being "sponsored" by a member of the group. This usually

  means that you've developed a relationship with a member

  and shared the business opportunity with him or her and

  they bring you into the angel group evaluation process by

  stating "I'm going to invest in this company and I think it

  is a great opportunity to invest." This is the best

  introduction you can get.



  2. The next warmest introduction is through an attorney,

  accountant, consultant or other person who puts you in

  touch with someone at the angel group who then helps

  you through the process. Angel group members are

  usually well-connected in the business community and

  have relationships with other business people whose



                                                                                                             Page 12
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
judgment they value. Having a personal introduction via

   one of their business colleagues is extremely valuable.



   3. The last way is "over the transom," where you contact

   the group yourself directly by phone, email an executive

   summary or go through the angel group's online

   registration system. Even though this approach is not via

   an introduction, you shouldn't downplay this opportunity.

   Angel groups are very active and are looking for quality

   opportunities wherever they may be.



   While none of these ways to approach an angel group will

   guarantee you success, generally you should attempt to be

   introduced by a existing member, since this effectively

   operates as an initial "vetting process" in your favor. You

   can also obtain good feedback on the status of the

   evaluation process from an angel group member whom

   you have befriended. Even if the angel group decides not

   to invest, your relationship with the angel group member

   may assist your efforts in developing your technology or

   finding other potential investors.




                                                                                                             Page 13
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
Should you approach more than one group? Certainly.

   Most sophisticated investors will assume you are

   contacting several sources.


   Obtaining funding is sometimes a function of contacting a

   number of potential investors with the understanding that

   many of them may not invest in your company for

   different reasons. Also, some individual angels are

   members of more than one group. Venture investing

   communities tend to be small and word travels fast. So if

   you are asked, simply disclose that you are contacting

   other investors as well. There's no need to be coy or not

   to disclose your actions. When in doubt, disclose, and

   you'll stay on the good side of potential investors.




                                                                                                             Page 14
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
IV. Executive Summary And Business Plan



         Executive Summaries can take virtually limitless forms,

         from one page introductions to 20 page documents. There

         is much variation among angel groups on format. Some

         groups use an online submission program that requires

         submissions be provided in a certain format. Others have

         no set format but a page limitation. Still other groups

         have no set criteria and leave it completely up to the

         entrepreneur to decide how to submit their information.



         In any event, most summaries are no more than 3 - 4

         pages in length. They provide just enough information in a

         variety of categories about company management and

         history, the technology, market dynamics and size, and

         the amount and expected use of the funding proceeds.



         The tone of the summary should be factual, not "salesy."

         It should be brief and to-the-point. Readers of the

         summary will appreciate your clarity of thought, not a long

         rambling explanation of a small point. This is your first

         impression on the group, and as with all first impressions,



                                                                                                             Page 15
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based
on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
it counts heavily. I suggest having others read your

   summary for content as well as any typos, mistakes or

   awkward grammar. When in doubt, keep your writing

   simple, clear and direct.



   One question entrepreneurs often have is how much

   information to divulge, considering their technology may

   have significant intellectual property. A general answer is

   to explain as much as you feel comfortable doing so. A

   common misconception among entrepreneurs is that since

   angel groups have a large number of entrepreneurs, there

   is a strong chance of someone "stealing" an idea. While

   anything is possible, most angel group members are

   members because they want to give back to the

   entrepreneurial community from their own successes. The

   furthest thing from their mind is to take someone's idea.



   Furthermore, regarding Non-Disclosure Agreements

   (NDAs), most groups or venture capitalists won't sign

   them. An exception can be made in certain circumstances

   where an individual member of the group will sign an NDA,

   and the presenting company will then divulge the "secret



                                                                                                             Page 16
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
sauce" for that one person to review and provide a comfort

   level to the rest of the interested angel members. So, if

   you have technology, you will have to show it to someone

   at some point in order to get them to invest. Saying "trust

   us, we have great technology" won't win an investor, at

   least not the kind of sophisticated investors that you want

   to ally yourself with.




   There are a variety of excellent business plan software

   packages that can assist you in creating a high quality

   plan. Also, some groups and venture capital firm websites

   will include a sample summary or business plan in their

   "Resources" section. There are also consultants who

   specialize in providing business plan services.




This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is          Page 17
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
V. How Angel Groups Evaluate Deals



   Once you've created your summary or plan and submitted

   it to the angel group, the ball is in their court to make an

   initial evaluation.



   One of the benefits of dealing with angel groups is that

   they usually have a process of evaluating the merits of an

   investment in your company. A typical initial evaluation

   process might be with a deal screening committee. Some

   angel groups have specialized deal screening committees

   for different sectors of the technology industry, such as

   general technology and life sciences.



   Your summary or plan may be distributed to several group

   members for each of them to review and rate according to

   the angel group's system. Some angel groups have a

   formal, point-based rating system that includes

   comments. Others have a less formal system - something

   like a "thumbs up or down." Still other groups may have

   individual members who have expertise in your particular

   industry or application to review your information. Each



                                                                                                             Page 18
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
group is different and may operate differently according to

   the particular situation.



   The rating system usually includes things like: quality of

   management, status of product or service development,

   market size, scalability, technology, funding amount

   required and valuation expectations, if any.



   Generally speaking, angel groups invest in technology

   companies in order to achieve certain meaningful

   milestones, so that the company can then obtain additional

   funding at a higher valuation to further propel them down

   the road to success. While every company is different,

   some common milestones are:


         •     Development completion of a beta test version of the

               company's product or service

         •     Successful pilot test with a marquee reference

               customer

         •     For life science companies, initial proof of concept

               feedback on a device or process

         •     Sourcing a well-regarded chief executive ready to

               join the effort upon further funding


                                                                                                             Page 19
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
The milestones must be both achievable and meaningful,

   so that the company is properly positioned to obtain

   funding from an institutional investor such as a venture

   capital firm. Funding amounts sought by startup

   companies should be enough to cover both the

   achievement of the milestones plus the time that it will

   take to obtain the next round of funding. Most often,

   entrepreneurs underestimate the amount of funding they

   need, given these two requirements. Also, an angel group

   may have a high opinion of your company, but decide that

   the parameters of your particular situation, such as higher

   funding amounts needed to achieve meaningful

   milestones, may not fit their criteria.



   As for the various reasons why investors evaluate and

   invest in companies, entire books have been written about

   the subject. From a macro level, sophisticated investors

   want the answers to three main questions:



   1. Why should I invest in this Technology?

   2. Why is it important to invest Now?

   3. Why should I invest in You?



                                                                                                             Page 20
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
There are many ways to answer these and the myriad

   other questions that investors may pose to you. For

   technology startup companies, answering these three

   questions in a compelling manner will take you far down

   the road to obtaining funding.



   Lastly, since angel groups tend to review large numbers of

   deals, you should follow up with them according to their

   estimated turnaround time and not assume that they will

   contact you. If you pass the initial review, they will let you

   know what happens next. If you don't pass the review,

   ask for a reason why. Although some groups won't

   provide that information, some may do so, and you will be

   better off understanding why the group did not invest than

   just wondering why.




                                                                                                             Page 21
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
VI. The First Meeting



   The next step on the way to a successful financing is when

   you've provided an initial summary or plan, you've passed

   the initial evaluation screen and the group invites you to a

   short, in-person meeting.



   Usually this meeting is set up to have you provide a short

   summary of your offering and the remainder of the time is

   spent with various angels asking you questions about you

   and other company management, the product or service

   status, the market, your proposed milestones with the

   financing amount and other topics.



   You should expect a very intense "grilling" at this meeting,

   since the group is looking for any signs that you aren't

   ready to present to the entire angel group at their next

   meeting. Since this is the first in-person impression that

   the angel group will have of you and your company, you

   should be extremely well-prepared for this opportunity.

   Bring your business partners along to add their comments

   to yours, so that each question is fully answered. You



                                                                                                             Page 22
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
usually get only one chance to communicate your

   message.



   A word about financial projections. Investors are used to

   seeing the typical "hockey stick" revenue curve. Smart

   investors are more concerned with understanding how you

   intend to make money and that you are knowledgeable

   about the financial issues that drive your industry or new

   technology. They are looking to see if you have a clear

   understanding of how you will make money, and what will

   provide "venture" level returns on their investment.

   Building a nice business is certainly valuable, but angel

   investors are looking for large, outsized gains to offset the

   greater risk from very early stage investing. It's your job

   to convince them that such gains are possible and likely,

   given the assumptions.



   Based on this meeting, you may be asked to either

   formally present your company to the angel group or

   provide additional information before a final decision is

   made by the group. In rare cases, if it was a close call,

   you may be put in the "queue" for next month's process.



                                                                                                             Page 23
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
If you keep in touch with the angel group throughout that

   time and avoid letting the concept "stale out" in the

   group's mind, you may get the opportunity next time to

   move on the next step in the process.




                                                                                                             Page 24
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
VII. The Main Presentation



   Once you've been invited to present your opportunity in

   front of the entire angel group, it is important for you to

   understand the format for that particular group.



   Different angel groups have different formats, but one that

   is common is a 20-30 minute time slot allotted for your

   presentation, usually in a dinner setting in front of the

   entire angel group. At one veteran group I'm aware of,

   each presenter receives 30 minutes total time. They

   usually limit their formal presentation to 20 minutes and

   allow 10 minutes at the end for question and answer.



   Some angel groups also provide presentation coaching,

   and I highly recommend that as a presenter you get the

   proper coaching you need, so that your "delivery" doesn't

   get in the way of communicating your opportunity. In the

   past, some company founders didn't have good

   presentation skills and their prospects for getting financing

   dropped accordingly, since their poor or disorganized

   method of delivering the message got in the way of the



                                                                                                             Page 25
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
angel group members trying to understand the

   opportunity. Potential investors are also looking at you to

   have a high degree of maturity and ability to clearly get

   your message across. Even if you are a company founder

   who does not intend to be in charge of general

   management or other public-facing responsibilities, you

   should be able to demonstrate your ability to communicate

   to a group of people.



   There are many books and resources on the subject of

   presentations. One interesting rule of thumb is the

   10/20/30 rule: 10 slides in length, 20 point font minimum

   size, 30 minutes maximum. It may be difficult to adhere

   to exactly, but it is a concept that can be beneficial to keep

   in mind as you create your messaging.



   You need to be succinct, clear, and obvious about the

   market pain, how your company alleviates that pain and

   how you intend to go to market and actually sell the

   technology. Whatever you do, never say that your

   business opportunity is "the next Google." That will likely

   end your chances of raising money from that angel group.



                                                                                                             Page 26
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
In the allotted Q&A period, expect to be hammered with

   tough questions. Make sure you repeat the question for

   everyone to hear, and don't dodge it or provide an evasive

   answer.



   If you don't answer the question directly, you will leave the

   impression that you either don't know the answer or don't

   want to share it. Be clear and candid, and you'll have the

   best chance for success.



   Lastly, if the angel group allows, stay after the

   presentation to answer any additional questions members

   may have. It is a great time to make additional contacts

   and get feedback about your presentation and whether

   angels are interested. Frequently, after a well-received

   presentation the presenter will be peppered with additional

   questions or expressions of interest, so make yourself

   easily approachable.




                                                                                                             Page 27
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
VIII. Following Up After The Presentation



   Once you've presented to the full angel group, it is time to

   follow up to determine if there is initial interest by the

   group to invest in your company.



   Assuming there is interest, many groups will schedule a in-

   depth follow-up meeting whose purpose is for those

   interested angel group members to more fully examine

   you and your company. This type of meeting can last

   several hours. In some cases, the meeting is structured so

   that the company presents a very brief summary of their

   opportunity and then the angels in attendance start

   peppering the presenters with specific questions. The

   purpose of the intense questioning is to find out where the

   holes in the company are.



   Experienced angels know that very early stage companies

   are like Swiss cheese - they have lots of holes - and in

   assessing their interest in investing they have to

   understand where the weaknesses are and where the

   strengths are.



                                                                                                             Page 28
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
As a presenter, it is entirely acceptable to say, "Here's

   where we're weak and here's where we're strong." If the

   angels agree, then you've just banked some credibility. If

   you answer their question with a vague or evasive answer,

   you might get past the question, but your non-answer will

   stick in the minds of the angel group members after you've

   left meeting. Investors must have a clear and compelling

   desire to invest, otherwise they will pass. In truth, they

   only invest if they are extremely positive and enthusiastic

   about your opportunity.



   If they still like your company after this meeting, it is on to

   some initial due diligence and discussions about deal

   terms.



   Additional note



   Entrepreneurs say that one of the things that annoys them

   the most is not getting a firm ‘Yes’ or ‘No’ from venture

   capital firms or angel groups they are presenting to. They

   feel like they get strung along without a definite ending or

   closure to the process. Unfortunately, in too many cases,



                                                                                                             Page 29
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
that is an accurate statement.



   The simple answer: if an angel group is interested in

   investing in your company, they will make it very clear to

   you. They will engage you in obvious ways like asking you

   back for additional meetings with final decision makers,

   asking detailed questions about you, your company and

   the opportunity and sending feelers about financial terms,

   etc. They might begin to bring in other investors who may

   be interested.



   In other words, if they aren't enthusiastically engaging

   with you, then you should assume the answer is No. It's

   like that scene in the popular television serial 'Sex in the

   City', where the man on a date decides not to come up to

   the woman's apartment, and provides some vague excuse

   - the real answer is that he "just isn't into her." It's the

   same with investors -- if they don't respond

   enthusiastically with interest in taking the next steps,

   they're just not that into you.



   In some rare cases, a group will tell a presenting company



                                                                                                             Page 30
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
that upon achieving a few more milestones, the group will

   become interested in investing. In practice, it is difficult to

   retain the interest of a group in this situation, so you

   should be wary of this type of verdict.




                                                                                                             Page 31
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
IX. Due Diligence



   Once an angel group has indicated an interest in investing

   in your company, they will start looking deeper into you

   and your company's background, the technology and

   development to date. This is called due diligence.

   Because there are usually several angels who become

   interested in a deal, they will need to decide who is going

   to perform the due diligence. Sometimes it will be one

   person, sometimes they will divide it among several

   angels, based on their individual expertise or desire to

   contribute.



   It is critical to cooperate with them and show them

   everything. It looks bad if they get to the end of the

   diligence process and find the proverbial "skeleton in the

   closet," so it really behooves you to show them everything

   up front. Investors want to deal with honest, transparent

   entrepreneurs.



   If you have extremely sensitive technology, it would be

   appropriate to only show it to one angel and ask them to



                                                                                                             Page 32
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
sign an Non-Disclosure Agreement. Assuming all goes

   well, the angel would report back to the group that there

   are no problems with the technology.



   Anything you can do to make the due diligence process run

   more smoothly is greatly appreciated by your potential

   investors and business partners. I've seen very organized

   startups that have non-proprietary documents converted

   to PDF files and make them available in a password-

   protected online location for easy access and review.



   Keeping the due diligence part of the process organized

   and well-run also indicates that you understand the

   investment process and is a good overall indicator of your

   level of organization. Since investors are considering a

   potentially long term investment in you and your company,

   they will evaluate you on your ability to manage various

   constituencies and information requirements.




                                                                                                             Page 33
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
X. Negotiating Investment Terms



   Angel groups will usually begin discussing investment

   terms while they are performing due diligence on you and

   your company. The reason is that they want to send out

   deal feelers to see if there is a basis for negotiating a deal

   before they spend too much time in due diligence.



   When discussing deal terms, many entrepreneurs get stuck

   on trying to be a tough negotiator. It's understandable -

   you've worked hard to get your company to where it is,

   and you want to control the process as much as possible.

   In addition, you want to keep as much of your company as

   you can. Sophisticated angels understand this because

   they are usually entrepreneurs themselves.



   Entrepreneurs should focus more on getting the right

   angels as their investors, and less on squeezing the last

   nit-pick deal term. Reasonable negotiation is fine and is a

   good indicator of both parties' definition of a company's

   value, but if you find yourself spending in inordinate

   amount of time wrangling over negotiating points, it may



                                                                                                             Page 34
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
be worthwhile to step back and ask yourself if you are

   focused too much on the fine points to the detriment of

   moving forward and getting the financing done.



   As for the various deal terms themselves, there are

   numerous books and blogs (see the Additional Resources

   page) that can help you get a clearer understanding of the

   details surrounding the terms that typically appear in

   equity or debt financings. In addition, there are other

   considerations such as legal incorporation entities, board

   seats, management and employee compensation plans and

   other issues that arise. In any event, you should have

   knowledgeable and competent legal counsel representing

   your interests.



   Lastly, it is important to keep the angel round deal terms

   as straightforward as possible. In the past, some angel

   groups and entrepreneurs began to get a reputation

   among venture capital firms of creating structures and

   terms that were onerous, difficult to undo, or simply didn't

   make long term financial sense.




                                                                                                             Page 35
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
If you expect to obtain additional rounds of funding for

   your growing company, you would be wise to keep the

   early financing transactions such as friends & family and

   angel groups "plain vanilla." This strategy will make the

   transition to institutional financing much easier and

   smoother. It will also make keeping track of the terms

   and conditions easier for you.




                                                                                                             Page 36
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
XI. Closing Process & Post Closing Reporting



   The transaction closing process is certainly exciting, but

   usually stressful. It usually involves stacks of paperwork,

   expensive attorneys charging by the hour, and potential

   last minute hiccups in terms. Based on the number of

   individual angel investors, you can expect to have many

   signatures required on many documents. It is important

   to provide full documentation to all parties, and to keep

   backup copies in convenient locations. In addition, you

   should keep a simple summary of important terms for your

   own review, since you may soon forget many of them

   while you put the new found investment dollars to work

   growing your business and achieving your milestones.



   Once you have closed the transaction, it is usual for

   investee companies to provide a written summary of the

   company's operations and/or financial statements on a

   quarterly basis to all of the investors who are entitled to

   such reporting rights. In some cases, this information may

   be communicated verbally in order to retain privacy for

   competitive reasons.



                                                                                                             Page 37
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
You should make it a goal to proactively keep the lines of

   communications open with your investors, even the ones

   who may not be on your company board of directors.

   Since many angels are successful entrepreneurs or senior

   executives, one of the benefits of having them as investors

   is the assistance they can provide you and your company

   as you work to execute or adjust your business plan.



   Angels can provide business advice or introductions to

   potential partners or customers. Further down the road,

   they can begin to introduce you to sources of institutional

   venture capital, thus minimizing your time locating the

   right interested parties. Fundraising can be an extremely

   time-consuming process, and can take away time and

   resources needed to propel your business forward while

   you search for funding. Angels who are connected to the

   venture capital community can be a tremendous resource

   to you when your company is getting ready for its next

   funding search cycle.




                                                                                                             Page 38
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
XII. Final Thoughts



   The angel investment community is growing, both in size

   and in capabilities, and seeks to assist motivated and

   talented entrepreneurs in building sustainable, successful

   businesses. Angel investors can add tremendous value to

   a new business. Many successful entrepreneurs have

   become angels because they know how difficult it is to

   build a successful business from scratch. They want to

   give back to the community and perhaps make some

   money in the process. Most of all, they get excited about

   the prospect of new technologies that improve our quality

   of life, in whatever form they may take.



   While there's an old saying, "Banks provide you money

   when you don't need it," angel groups aren't like banks -

   they provide you with investment funding and counsel

   when you need it most.



   When you need capital, advice or connections, angel

   groups can be a great resource for startup entrepreneurs.




                                                                                                             Page 39
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
XIII. About The Author



   Don Jones is a member of a prominent angel group based

   in Silicon Valley, a veteran of three startups and the

   founder and CEO of his fourth startup: VentureDeal, a

   venture capital database serving the emerging technology

   industry. Previous to that, he was in senior management

   at Cogent Communications (Nasdaq:CCOI), a Cisco-backed

   international all-optical telecommunications carrier. His

   particular area of expertise is in early-stage business

   development and sales, with over 15 years of successful

   results in a variety of organizations.




   His close relationships with a number of investors,

   technology companies and professional service firms

   allowed Don to create VentureDeal, which provides the

   highest quality emerging company information for funding

   search, business development and venture investing

   needs.




                                                                                                             Page 40
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
XIV. Additional Resources

   Books

   Term Sheets & Valuations - Alex Wilmerding
   Venture Capital Due Diligence - Justin Camp


   Blogs

   Angels

   AngelBlog
   5280 Angel
   Don Jones

   Venture Capitalists

   Fred Wilson
   Brad Feld
   Guy Kawasaki
   Peter Rip
   Jeff Clavier
   Josh Kopelman
   Matt McCall
   Mike Hirshland
   Ed Sims

   Technology Entrepreneurs

   Dick Costolo
   Marc Andreesson
   Ben Casnocha
   Jason Calacanis
   Mark Cuban
   Niel Robertson




                                                                                                             Page 41
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
XV. Contact Information

   Published on January 7, 2008 by:
   Don Jones, VentureDeal
   1263 El Camino Real
   Menlo Park, CA 94025
   Phone: (650) 323-1817
   Fax: (650) 587-5476
   Email: djones@venturedeal.com
   Web site: www.VentureDeal.com




   Legal Notice

   This publication may be re-produced or re-transmitted for
   non-commercial purposes, subject to the copyright notice
   herein.

   While all attempts have been made to verify information
   provided in this publication, neither the author nor the
   publisher assumes any responsibility for errors, omissions
   or contrary interpretation of the subject matter herein.

   This publication is not intended for use as a source of any
   advice such as legal, medical, or accounting. The
   information contained herein may be subject to varying
   international, federal, state and/or local laws or
   regulations. The purchaser or reader of this publication
   assumes responsibility for the use of these materials and
   information. Adherence to all applicable laws and
   regulations, including international, federal, state and
   local, governing professional licensing, business practices,
   advertising and all other aspects of doing business in the
   US, Canada or any other jurisdiction is the sole
   responsibility of the purchaser or reader. Neither the
   author nor the Publisher assume any responsibility or
   liability whatsoever on the behalf of any purchaser or
   reader of these materials.

   (C) 2008 Don Jones. Some Rights Reserved.




                                                                                                             Page 42
This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is
based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is
accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that
VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.

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A VC Guide for Entrepreneurs

  • 1. Angel Group Financing A Venture Capital Guide For Entrepreneurs By Don Jones CEO, VentureDeal VentureDeal is a venture capital database that provides the latest information about venture- backed technology companies, venture capital investors and transactions in the United States. 1263 El Camino Real • Menlo Park • CA • 94025 T (650) 323-1817 • F (650) 587-5476 • www.VentureDeal.com
  • 2. Table of Contents I. Introduction……………………………………………………………3 II. Are Angel Groups Right For You? ………….…………...7 III. Approaching Angel Groups ………………………………….12 IV. Executive Summary And Business Plan ………….……15 V. How Angel Groups Evaluate Deals ………………………18 VI. The First Meeting …….……………………………………………22 VII. The Main Presentation ………………………………………….25 VIII. Following Up After The Presentation .……………………28 IX. Due Diligence ………….……………………………………………32 X. Negotiating Investment Terms ……………………………34 XI. Closing Process And Post Closing Reporting .………37 XII. Final Thoughts ………….………………………………………....39 XIII. About The Author ….………………………………………………40 XIV. Additional Resources ……………………………………………41 XV. Contact And Legal Notice ………………………………………42 Page 2 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 3. I. Introduction The idea for this eBook came out of a series of blog posts at VentureDeal and it aims to shed light on the world of angel groups. In doing so, perhaps more entrepreneurs will be encouraged to seriously consider angel groups as a viable funding source and stepping stone to business success. This work represents my own views on standard practices among the more established angel groups. For any particular group, there may be significant variation from what I describe. That is to be expected, as this relatively new form of organized investing grows and adapts to the business environment around it. To entrepreneurs seeking funding for their startup company, angel investment groups are shrouded in mystery. It needn't be so. While angel groups tend to be private organizations operating in many cases by word of mouth, they actively seek high quality investment opportunities and strive to work effectively with both experienced and promising entrepreneurs. Page 3 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 4. An angel group is a loose organization of SEC accredited investors who come together to invest individually or as a group in promising business opportunities. This eBook will focus on the modern version of the angel group, more specifically groups that invest principally in technology- oriented startup companies. In addition, I hope to provide entrepreneurs with insight in dealing with angel groups and the process by which they source, evaluate and interact with investment opportunities. The earliest technology-focused angel groups were initially formed in the mid 1980's. One objective of these groups was to invest venture capital in promising technologies and entrepreneurs that were coming out of existing, large technology companies, notably the semiconductor and software companies among others. These large entities were the backbone of the nascent technology industry at the time. Early angel groups formed from a small core of successful technology entrepreneurs, adding members based on word of mouth. Over time, a simple framework emerged: The Page 4 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 5. members would share duties of sourcing and evaluating new companies. They would meet once per month, usually over dinner, to have the potential investee companies formally present their opportunity for funding. Members who decided to invest would do so from their own account. Later, some groups would develop a separate fund, financed by institutions to co-invest alongside members when additional funds were needed. Not long after, other successful business people located in various technology-oriented regions of the country began to adopt various forms of the same idea, so that today there are numerous variations on the original theme. Today, angel groups operate with numerous structures: some groups have created a fund for individual members to invest in and have decision-making authority over. Others form a separate corporate entity for each investment. Other groups invest on an individual member basis. Some angel groups have separate funds, while other groups do not see the need to raise and operate a fund. Page 5 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 6. There are also angel group networks, which are umbrella organizations that help underserved regions easily create and develop angel groups using a template. The umbrella organization assists the local angel groups to perform the necessary administrative work, thus freeing them to focus on sourcing and evaluation of potential investees. On a national level, the Angel Capital Association (ACA) was formed in 2004. The stated purpose of the ACA is to "increase the success of member angel groups," by sharing best practices, educating members via its affiliate Angel Capital Education Foundation (ACEF), promoting regional collaboration among member groups and encouraging individual angel investors to join angel groups. As of publication date, the ACA listed 126 angel groups as member organizations. The ACA is led by a Board of Directors composed of prominent angel group leaders and has several sub-committees responsible for recommendations on various aspects of its operations. Page 6 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 7. II. Are Angel Groups Right For You? The first question to ask yourself as an entrepreneur is whether angel groups are right for you and your company. To gain insight into that question, you should understand where angel groups fit into the "funding chain." The funding chain can be roughly summarized as follows, with exceptions based on differing circumstances: 1. Self funding - an entrepreneur provides his or her own funds to begin development of the company's technology. Common funding amounts range up to $100,000. 2. Friends and family - usually tapped for larger funding amounts to further develop the product or service to demonstration or alpha stage. Common funding amounts range up to $250,000. 3. Angel groups - a higher funding threshold for creating a beta version of the company technology for pilot test purposes or initial marketing. Common funding amounts Page 7 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 8. range from $250,000 to $1 million. 4. Institutional venture capital firms - commonly used for final product/service development as well as sales and marketing expansion once the technology has been validated on a smaller scale. Provides follow-on financing through exit via M&A transaction or IPO. Common funding amounts exceed $1 million. Another metric for determining whether an angel group is right for you and your company are the types of investments the group typically makes. Most angel groups invest via preferred company stock, which places an agreed-upon valuation on your company as of the transaction date and in which you trade an ownership stake in your company in return for the investment. Other groups prefer to invest via promissory notes, often called convertible bridge notes, which typically convert at some discount to the next equity round. Additionally, promissory note transactions tend to be simpler and faster, with less documentation and lower legal fees. Page 8 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 9. The central question for the entrepreneur on this issue is whether you wish to give up equity in your company, or sign on a promissory note in return for the investment. On the angel group side, many groups prefer not to use the bridge note vehicle, due to a lack of alignment of interests that may occur. This lack of alignment can happen because the investor in a bridge note is helped if the note converts to equity at a lower valuation in the subsequent equity round, whereas the entrepreneur wants the highest possible valuation. Also, with a bridge note, the investor has no shareholder voting rights in the company, which typically come with an equity stake. A third element for reviewing potential angel groups is qualitative. Does the group have members that are knowledgeable and familiar with your industry? If so, the group may be able to enhance your future prospects by introducing you to resources and other investors, providing valuable guidance and adding value in other, non-financial ways. By learning about the industries and other companies that an angel group has invested in, you may Page 9 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 10. be able to determine if that group is potentially a good fit for your business. Another aspect in dealing with angel groups is their particular process for reviewing investment opportunities. The group should be open about their process - what it entails and how long it typically lasts. If they aren't forthcoming, you would be well advised to proceed with caution. Most angel groups do not require a fee for evaluating your opportunity. However, some do in order to defray their administrative expenses. Many groups do have significant administrative costs and are not money-making concerns at the administrative level, so in some cases a nominal fee may be justified. This is for you to judge whether you find it acceptable to pay a fee. Many groups provide online forms for submitting your company information. Follow these procedures as closely as possible. Angel groups typically review large quantities of business opportunities and "following the rules" will only Page 10 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 11. help your chances. Groups want to be able to easily compare opportunities, so it is important to provide your company information in their format. Standing out from the crowd at this stage would not be helpful to you, as it would likely be perceived by the angel group as "can't follow simple instructions." If you want to create the impression that you are easy to work with and establish a relationship with, this is your first test. As you proceed further down the funding process, some groups even provide consulting to help improve presentation skills and materials. As for the amount of time it should take to obtain funding, a good estimate for the situation of a motivated angel group, an investee company that has clean due diligence and both parties share reasonable deal term expectations, is about 90 days from initial process to the check in the bank. It can be shorter in duration in some situations, such as a convertible bridge note with an experienced entrepreneur, or longer if due diligence is difficult, lengthy or deal negotiation (and re-negotiation) causes delays. Page 11 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 12. III. Approaching Angel Groups There are a few ways to approach an angel group to present your company's investment opportunity. In order of preference, the following methods are most commonly used: 1. The best way to be introduced to an angel group is by being "sponsored" by a member of the group. This usually means that you've developed a relationship with a member and shared the business opportunity with him or her and they bring you into the angel group evaluation process by stating "I'm going to invest in this company and I think it is a great opportunity to invest." This is the best introduction you can get. 2. The next warmest introduction is through an attorney, accountant, consultant or other person who puts you in touch with someone at the angel group who then helps you through the process. Angel group members are usually well-connected in the business community and have relationships with other business people whose Page 12 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 13. judgment they value. Having a personal introduction via one of their business colleagues is extremely valuable. 3. The last way is "over the transom," where you contact the group yourself directly by phone, email an executive summary or go through the angel group's online registration system. Even though this approach is not via an introduction, you shouldn't downplay this opportunity. Angel groups are very active and are looking for quality opportunities wherever they may be. While none of these ways to approach an angel group will guarantee you success, generally you should attempt to be introduced by a existing member, since this effectively operates as an initial "vetting process" in your favor. You can also obtain good feedback on the status of the evaluation process from an angel group member whom you have befriended. Even if the angel group decides not to invest, your relationship with the angel group member may assist your efforts in developing your technology or finding other potential investors. Page 13 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 14. Should you approach more than one group? Certainly. Most sophisticated investors will assume you are contacting several sources. Obtaining funding is sometimes a function of contacting a number of potential investors with the understanding that many of them may not invest in your company for different reasons. Also, some individual angels are members of more than one group. Venture investing communities tend to be small and word travels fast. So if you are asked, simply disclose that you are contacting other investors as well. There's no need to be coy or not to disclose your actions. When in doubt, disclose, and you'll stay on the good side of potential investors. Page 14 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 15. IV. Executive Summary And Business Plan Executive Summaries can take virtually limitless forms, from one page introductions to 20 page documents. There is much variation among angel groups on format. Some groups use an online submission program that requires submissions be provided in a certain format. Others have no set format but a page limitation. Still other groups have no set criteria and leave it completely up to the entrepreneur to decide how to submit their information. In any event, most summaries are no more than 3 - 4 pages in length. They provide just enough information in a variety of categories about company management and history, the technology, market dynamics and size, and the amount and expected use of the funding proceeds. The tone of the summary should be factual, not "salesy." It should be brief and to-the-point. Readers of the summary will appreciate your clarity of thought, not a long rambling explanation of a small point. This is your first impression on the group, and as with all first impressions, Page 15 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 16. it counts heavily. I suggest having others read your summary for content as well as any typos, mistakes or awkward grammar. When in doubt, keep your writing simple, clear and direct. One question entrepreneurs often have is how much information to divulge, considering their technology may have significant intellectual property. A general answer is to explain as much as you feel comfortable doing so. A common misconception among entrepreneurs is that since angel groups have a large number of entrepreneurs, there is a strong chance of someone "stealing" an idea. While anything is possible, most angel group members are members because they want to give back to the entrepreneurial community from their own successes. The furthest thing from their mind is to take someone's idea. Furthermore, regarding Non-Disclosure Agreements (NDAs), most groups or venture capitalists won't sign them. An exception can be made in certain circumstances where an individual member of the group will sign an NDA, and the presenting company will then divulge the "secret Page 16 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 17. sauce" for that one person to review and provide a comfort level to the rest of the interested angel members. So, if you have technology, you will have to show it to someone at some point in order to get them to invest. Saying "trust us, we have great technology" won't win an investor, at least not the kind of sophisticated investors that you want to ally yourself with. There are a variety of excellent business plan software packages that can assist you in creating a high quality plan. Also, some groups and venture capital firm websites will include a sample summary or business plan in their "Resources" section. There are also consultants who specialize in providing business plan services. This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is Page 17 based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 18. V. How Angel Groups Evaluate Deals Once you've created your summary or plan and submitted it to the angel group, the ball is in their court to make an initial evaluation. One of the benefits of dealing with angel groups is that they usually have a process of evaluating the merits of an investment in your company. A typical initial evaluation process might be with a deal screening committee. Some angel groups have specialized deal screening committees for different sectors of the technology industry, such as general technology and life sciences. Your summary or plan may be distributed to several group members for each of them to review and rate according to the angel group's system. Some angel groups have a formal, point-based rating system that includes comments. Others have a less formal system - something like a "thumbs up or down." Still other groups may have individual members who have expertise in your particular industry or application to review your information. Each Page 18 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 19. group is different and may operate differently according to the particular situation. The rating system usually includes things like: quality of management, status of product or service development, market size, scalability, technology, funding amount required and valuation expectations, if any. Generally speaking, angel groups invest in technology companies in order to achieve certain meaningful milestones, so that the company can then obtain additional funding at a higher valuation to further propel them down the road to success. While every company is different, some common milestones are: • Development completion of a beta test version of the company's product or service • Successful pilot test with a marquee reference customer • For life science companies, initial proof of concept feedback on a device or process • Sourcing a well-regarded chief executive ready to join the effort upon further funding Page 19 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 20. The milestones must be both achievable and meaningful, so that the company is properly positioned to obtain funding from an institutional investor such as a venture capital firm. Funding amounts sought by startup companies should be enough to cover both the achievement of the milestones plus the time that it will take to obtain the next round of funding. Most often, entrepreneurs underestimate the amount of funding they need, given these two requirements. Also, an angel group may have a high opinion of your company, but decide that the parameters of your particular situation, such as higher funding amounts needed to achieve meaningful milestones, may not fit their criteria. As for the various reasons why investors evaluate and invest in companies, entire books have been written about the subject. From a macro level, sophisticated investors want the answers to three main questions: 1. Why should I invest in this Technology? 2. Why is it important to invest Now? 3. Why should I invest in You? Page 20 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 21. There are many ways to answer these and the myriad other questions that investors may pose to you. For technology startup companies, answering these three questions in a compelling manner will take you far down the road to obtaining funding. Lastly, since angel groups tend to review large numbers of deals, you should follow up with them according to their estimated turnaround time and not assume that they will contact you. If you pass the initial review, they will let you know what happens next. If you don't pass the review, ask for a reason why. Although some groups won't provide that information, some may do so, and you will be better off understanding why the group did not invest than just wondering why. Page 21 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 22. VI. The First Meeting The next step on the way to a successful financing is when you've provided an initial summary or plan, you've passed the initial evaluation screen and the group invites you to a short, in-person meeting. Usually this meeting is set up to have you provide a short summary of your offering and the remainder of the time is spent with various angels asking you questions about you and other company management, the product or service status, the market, your proposed milestones with the financing amount and other topics. You should expect a very intense "grilling" at this meeting, since the group is looking for any signs that you aren't ready to present to the entire angel group at their next meeting. Since this is the first in-person impression that the angel group will have of you and your company, you should be extremely well-prepared for this opportunity. Bring your business partners along to add their comments to yours, so that each question is fully answered. You Page 22 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 23. usually get only one chance to communicate your message. A word about financial projections. Investors are used to seeing the typical "hockey stick" revenue curve. Smart investors are more concerned with understanding how you intend to make money and that you are knowledgeable about the financial issues that drive your industry or new technology. They are looking to see if you have a clear understanding of how you will make money, and what will provide "venture" level returns on their investment. Building a nice business is certainly valuable, but angel investors are looking for large, outsized gains to offset the greater risk from very early stage investing. It's your job to convince them that such gains are possible and likely, given the assumptions. Based on this meeting, you may be asked to either formally present your company to the angel group or provide additional information before a final decision is made by the group. In rare cases, if it was a close call, you may be put in the "queue" for next month's process. Page 23 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 24. If you keep in touch with the angel group throughout that time and avoid letting the concept "stale out" in the group's mind, you may get the opportunity next time to move on the next step in the process. Page 24 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 25. VII. The Main Presentation Once you've been invited to present your opportunity in front of the entire angel group, it is important for you to understand the format for that particular group. Different angel groups have different formats, but one that is common is a 20-30 minute time slot allotted for your presentation, usually in a dinner setting in front of the entire angel group. At one veteran group I'm aware of, each presenter receives 30 minutes total time. They usually limit their formal presentation to 20 minutes and allow 10 minutes at the end for question and answer. Some angel groups also provide presentation coaching, and I highly recommend that as a presenter you get the proper coaching you need, so that your "delivery" doesn't get in the way of communicating your opportunity. In the past, some company founders didn't have good presentation skills and their prospects for getting financing dropped accordingly, since their poor or disorganized method of delivering the message got in the way of the Page 25 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 26. angel group members trying to understand the opportunity. Potential investors are also looking at you to have a high degree of maturity and ability to clearly get your message across. Even if you are a company founder who does not intend to be in charge of general management or other public-facing responsibilities, you should be able to demonstrate your ability to communicate to a group of people. There are many books and resources on the subject of presentations. One interesting rule of thumb is the 10/20/30 rule: 10 slides in length, 20 point font minimum size, 30 minutes maximum. It may be difficult to adhere to exactly, but it is a concept that can be beneficial to keep in mind as you create your messaging. You need to be succinct, clear, and obvious about the market pain, how your company alleviates that pain and how you intend to go to market and actually sell the technology. Whatever you do, never say that your business opportunity is "the next Google." That will likely end your chances of raising money from that angel group. Page 26 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 27. In the allotted Q&A period, expect to be hammered with tough questions. Make sure you repeat the question for everyone to hear, and don't dodge it or provide an evasive answer. If you don't answer the question directly, you will leave the impression that you either don't know the answer or don't want to share it. Be clear and candid, and you'll have the best chance for success. Lastly, if the angel group allows, stay after the presentation to answer any additional questions members may have. It is a great time to make additional contacts and get feedback about your presentation and whether angels are interested. Frequently, after a well-received presentation the presenter will be peppered with additional questions or expressions of interest, so make yourself easily approachable. Page 27 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 28. VIII. Following Up After The Presentation Once you've presented to the full angel group, it is time to follow up to determine if there is initial interest by the group to invest in your company. Assuming there is interest, many groups will schedule a in- depth follow-up meeting whose purpose is for those interested angel group members to more fully examine you and your company. This type of meeting can last several hours. In some cases, the meeting is structured so that the company presents a very brief summary of their opportunity and then the angels in attendance start peppering the presenters with specific questions. The purpose of the intense questioning is to find out where the holes in the company are. Experienced angels know that very early stage companies are like Swiss cheese - they have lots of holes - and in assessing their interest in investing they have to understand where the weaknesses are and where the strengths are. Page 28 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 29. As a presenter, it is entirely acceptable to say, "Here's where we're weak and here's where we're strong." If the angels agree, then you've just banked some credibility. If you answer their question with a vague or evasive answer, you might get past the question, but your non-answer will stick in the minds of the angel group members after you've left meeting. Investors must have a clear and compelling desire to invest, otherwise they will pass. In truth, they only invest if they are extremely positive and enthusiastic about your opportunity. If they still like your company after this meeting, it is on to some initial due diligence and discussions about deal terms. Additional note Entrepreneurs say that one of the things that annoys them the most is not getting a firm ‘Yes’ or ‘No’ from venture capital firms or angel groups they are presenting to. They feel like they get strung along without a definite ending or closure to the process. Unfortunately, in too many cases, Page 29 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 30. that is an accurate statement. The simple answer: if an angel group is interested in investing in your company, they will make it very clear to you. They will engage you in obvious ways like asking you back for additional meetings with final decision makers, asking detailed questions about you, your company and the opportunity and sending feelers about financial terms, etc. They might begin to bring in other investors who may be interested. In other words, if they aren't enthusiastically engaging with you, then you should assume the answer is No. It's like that scene in the popular television serial 'Sex in the City', where the man on a date decides not to come up to the woman's apartment, and provides some vague excuse - the real answer is that he "just isn't into her." It's the same with investors -- if they don't respond enthusiastically with interest in taking the next steps, they're just not that into you. In some rare cases, a group will tell a presenting company Page 30 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 31. that upon achieving a few more milestones, the group will become interested in investing. In practice, it is difficult to retain the interest of a group in this situation, so you should be wary of this type of verdict. Page 31 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 32. IX. Due Diligence Once an angel group has indicated an interest in investing in your company, they will start looking deeper into you and your company's background, the technology and development to date. This is called due diligence. Because there are usually several angels who become interested in a deal, they will need to decide who is going to perform the due diligence. Sometimes it will be one person, sometimes they will divide it among several angels, based on their individual expertise or desire to contribute. It is critical to cooperate with them and show them everything. It looks bad if they get to the end of the diligence process and find the proverbial "skeleton in the closet," so it really behooves you to show them everything up front. Investors want to deal with honest, transparent entrepreneurs. If you have extremely sensitive technology, it would be appropriate to only show it to one angel and ask them to Page 32 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 33. sign an Non-Disclosure Agreement. Assuming all goes well, the angel would report back to the group that there are no problems with the technology. Anything you can do to make the due diligence process run more smoothly is greatly appreciated by your potential investors and business partners. I've seen very organized startups that have non-proprietary documents converted to PDF files and make them available in a password- protected online location for easy access and review. Keeping the due diligence part of the process organized and well-run also indicates that you understand the investment process and is a good overall indicator of your level of organization. Since investors are considering a potentially long term investment in you and your company, they will evaluate you on your ability to manage various constituencies and information requirements. Page 33 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 34. X. Negotiating Investment Terms Angel groups will usually begin discussing investment terms while they are performing due diligence on you and your company. The reason is that they want to send out deal feelers to see if there is a basis for negotiating a deal before they spend too much time in due diligence. When discussing deal terms, many entrepreneurs get stuck on trying to be a tough negotiator. It's understandable - you've worked hard to get your company to where it is, and you want to control the process as much as possible. In addition, you want to keep as much of your company as you can. Sophisticated angels understand this because they are usually entrepreneurs themselves. Entrepreneurs should focus more on getting the right angels as their investors, and less on squeezing the last nit-pick deal term. Reasonable negotiation is fine and is a good indicator of both parties' definition of a company's value, but if you find yourself spending in inordinate amount of time wrangling over negotiating points, it may Page 34 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 35. be worthwhile to step back and ask yourself if you are focused too much on the fine points to the detriment of moving forward and getting the financing done. As for the various deal terms themselves, there are numerous books and blogs (see the Additional Resources page) that can help you get a clearer understanding of the details surrounding the terms that typically appear in equity or debt financings. In addition, there are other considerations such as legal incorporation entities, board seats, management and employee compensation plans and other issues that arise. In any event, you should have knowledgeable and competent legal counsel representing your interests. Lastly, it is important to keep the angel round deal terms as straightforward as possible. In the past, some angel groups and entrepreneurs began to get a reputation among venture capital firms of creating structures and terms that were onerous, difficult to undo, or simply didn't make long term financial sense. Page 35 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 36. If you expect to obtain additional rounds of funding for your growing company, you would be wise to keep the early financing transactions such as friends & family and angel groups "plain vanilla." This strategy will make the transition to institutional financing much easier and smoother. It will also make keeping track of the terms and conditions easier for you. Page 36 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 37. XI. Closing Process & Post Closing Reporting The transaction closing process is certainly exciting, but usually stressful. It usually involves stacks of paperwork, expensive attorneys charging by the hour, and potential last minute hiccups in terms. Based on the number of individual angel investors, you can expect to have many signatures required on many documents. It is important to provide full documentation to all parties, and to keep backup copies in convenient locations. In addition, you should keep a simple summary of important terms for your own review, since you may soon forget many of them while you put the new found investment dollars to work growing your business and achieving your milestones. Once you have closed the transaction, it is usual for investee companies to provide a written summary of the company's operations and/or financial statements on a quarterly basis to all of the investors who are entitled to such reporting rights. In some cases, this information may be communicated verbally in order to retain privacy for competitive reasons. Page 37 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 38. You should make it a goal to proactively keep the lines of communications open with your investors, even the ones who may not be on your company board of directors. Since many angels are successful entrepreneurs or senior executives, one of the benefits of having them as investors is the assistance they can provide you and your company as you work to execute or adjust your business plan. Angels can provide business advice or introductions to potential partners or customers. Further down the road, they can begin to introduce you to sources of institutional venture capital, thus minimizing your time locating the right interested parties. Fundraising can be an extremely time-consuming process, and can take away time and resources needed to propel your business forward while you search for funding. Angels who are connected to the venture capital community can be a tremendous resource to you when your company is getting ready for its next funding search cycle. Page 38 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 39. XII. Final Thoughts The angel investment community is growing, both in size and in capabilities, and seeks to assist motivated and talented entrepreneurs in building sustainable, successful businesses. Angel investors can add tremendous value to a new business. Many successful entrepreneurs have become angels because they know how difficult it is to build a successful business from scratch. They want to give back to the community and perhaps make some money in the process. Most of all, they get excited about the prospect of new technologies that improve our quality of life, in whatever form they may take. While there's an old saying, "Banks provide you money when you don't need it," angel groups aren't like banks - they provide you with investment funding and counsel when you need it most. When you need capital, advice or connections, angel groups can be a great resource for startup entrepreneurs. Page 39 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 40. XIII. About The Author Don Jones is a member of a prominent angel group based in Silicon Valley, a veteran of three startups and the founder and CEO of his fourth startup: VentureDeal, a venture capital database serving the emerging technology industry. Previous to that, he was in senior management at Cogent Communications (Nasdaq:CCOI), a Cisco-backed international all-optical telecommunications carrier. His particular area of expertise is in early-stage business development and sales, with over 15 years of successful results in a variety of organizations. His close relationships with a number of investors, technology companies and professional service firms allowed Don to create VentureDeal, which provides the highest quality emerging company information for funding search, business development and venture investing needs. Page 40 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 41. XIV. Additional Resources Books Term Sheets & Valuations - Alex Wilmerding Venture Capital Due Diligence - Justin Camp Blogs Angels AngelBlog 5280 Angel Don Jones Venture Capitalists Fred Wilson Brad Feld Guy Kawasaki Peter Rip Jeff Clavier Josh Kopelman Matt McCall Mike Hirshland Ed Sims Technology Entrepreneurs Dick Costolo Marc Andreesson Ben Casnocha Jason Calacanis Mark Cuban Niel Robertson Page 41 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.
  • 42. XV. Contact Information Published on January 7, 2008 by: Don Jones, VentureDeal 1263 El Camino Real Menlo Park, CA 94025 Phone: (650) 323-1817 Fax: (650) 587-5476 Email: djones@venturedeal.com Web site: www.VentureDeal.com Legal Notice This publication may be re-produced or re-transmitted for non-commercial purposes, subject to the copyright notice herein. While all attempts have been made to verify information provided in this publication, neither the author nor the publisher assumes any responsibility for errors, omissions or contrary interpretation of the subject matter herein. This publication is not intended for use as a source of any advice such as legal, medical, or accounting. The information contained herein may be subject to varying international, federal, state and/or local laws or regulations. The purchaser or reader of this publication assumes responsibility for the use of these materials and information. Adherence to all applicable laws and regulations, including international, federal, state and local, governing professional licensing, business practices, advertising and all other aspects of doing business in the US, Canada or any other jurisdiction is the sole responsibility of the purchaser or reader. Neither the author nor the Publisher assume any responsibility or liability whatsoever on the behalf of any purchaser or reader of these materials. (C) 2008 Don Jones. Some Rights Reserved. Page 42 This material has been prepared and issued by VentureDeal, LLC. The information contained herein is based on current information that VentureDeal considers reliable, but we make no representation that it is accurate or complete, and it should not be relied upon as such. It is provided with the understanding that VentureDeal is not acting in a fiduciary capacity. © 2008 VentureDeal. Some Rights Reserved.