World Habitat Day

PLANNING OUR
URBAN FUTURE

World Habitat
Day:2009
13 Nov 09 WSD-09 hs.raiandrai.com

Illustration 1: Chandigarh

Illustration 2: Paris


Illustration 3: San Francisco

Illustration 4: California

Illustration 5: Firenze, Itely

Illustration 6: Slum (Mumbai)

Illustration 7: Slum

Illustration 8: Slum

Illustration 9: Slums

Agenda
• State of our towns and cities.
• Basic right of all to adequate
shelter.
• Collective responsibility for the
future of the human habitat.


Habitat: Definition
The area or environment where an
organism or ecological community
normally lives or occurs.


Habitat: Definition
The place where a person or thing is
most likely to be found.


Habitat: Definition
A structure that affords a controlled
environment for living in extremely
inhospitable locations, such as an
underwater research laboratory.


Shelter: Definition
• Something that provides cover or
protection, as from the weather.
• An establishment that provides
temporary housing for homeless
people.


Urban
Densely populated area.


Slum
is a run-down area of a city characterised
by substandard housing and squalor and
lacking in tenure security.
The proportion of urban dwellers living in
slums decreased from 47 percent to 37
percent in the developing world between
1990 and 2005.

However, due to rising population, the
number of slum dwellers is rising. One
billion people worldwide live in slums and
the figure will likely grow to 2 billion by
2030.


Urban Planning
• Mixture of science and art.
• Encompasses many different
disciplines
• Organization of all elements of a
town or urban environment.


• Mid-to-late 19th century: plan or
larger goals for the growth of big
cities
• Cities grow as they had need,
and the surrounding land was
just swallowed up.
• Healthier housing for all: "mill
villages" and "steel villages".


• Plans for safety, aesthetics and
common sense
• Placement of everything from
houses to factories.
• Parents wouldn't want their
children's playground next to the
water treatment plant
• Attractive architecture for city
buildings

• Pleasing green spaces
• Schools into the neighbourhoods
• Hospitals in centralised locations
• Allows for growth
• Plans highways.


Cities and towns are increasingly feeling
the effects of:
• climate change
• resource depletion
• food insecurity
• population growth
• economic instability


• overcrowding
• poverty
• slums


With over half of the world’s population
currently living in urban areas, and this
number set to rise to two-thirds in another
generation, there is no doubt that the
‘urban agenda’ will increasingly become a
priority for governments, local authorities
and their non-governmental partners
everywhere.


Unfortunately, current urban planning
systems in many parts of the world are ill
equipped to deal with these major urban
challenges of the 21st century and, to a
large extent, have failed to acknowledge
the need to meaningfully involve
communities and other stakeholders in
the planning of urban areas. By failing to
take these factors into account, planning
systems in several parts of the world
have contributed to the problems of

marginalisation and exclusion in rapidly
growing and largely, poor and informal
cities.


Adequate urban basic services such as
water supply, sanitation, waste
management and providing the means of
mobility, particularly to the urban poor,
are central to promoting environmentally
sustainable, healthy and liveable human
settlements


But un-controlled growth of cities results
in
• lowering of the quality of life
• reduced urban productivity
• increased burden of health care
• unmitigated environmental
pollution.


Peri-urban settlements (inner-city slums
and squatter settlements outside the
regulatory boundaries):
• Growing at nearly double the rate
of the city proper.
• 30 and 60 percent of urban
populations


• 75 and 90 percent of future urban
growth are likely to take place in
these settlements.
• Most polluted and inaccessible
areas,
• Risk from flooding and landslides
• Areas contaminated with wastes.
• Uncertain or illegal land tenure

• Lack the most basic
infrastructure and services.
It is now increasingly recognised that the
challenge of attaining the goals of the
Habitat Agenda will have to be primarily
met in these peri-urban settlements.


Water-related Basic Services
At the beginning of 2000, the number of
urban dwellers without adequate access
to water supplies reached an all-time high
of 180 million, an increase of 62 million
over the comparable figure in 1990.
39 million in Asian cities


A total of 409 million urban dwellers
remaining without adequate access to
sanitation: 305 million in Asia
The official statistics on the current
coverage of basic services provide only a
partial picture of the situation. For
example, the coverage figures mostly
relate to populations within the
boundaries of the formal city and leave


out large peri-urban populations outside
the formal cities.


Mobility Needs
In varying degrees of crisis.
The main contributing factors are:
• galloping urban growth
• declining per capita investment in
transport infrastructure and
services

• absence of any public space
management policy.
The mass transport supply is becoming
increasingly inadequate to meet the
mobility needs of the people, particularly
the urban poor. Owing to lack of public
transport or simply because the poor can
not afford it, walking accounts for up to 50
percent of movements in many
developing country cities.

the urban poor are relegated to lower
value land at the urban periphery.
Consequently, they are forced to spend
up to 30 percent of their income on
transport to access economic
opportunities and services.


A large part of the travel needs of the
urban poor are currently met by informal
transport and nonmotorised transport, yet
few city authorities have a clearly spelt
out transport policy addressing their
mobility needs.
The urban poor are also at the receiving
end of the majority of forced eviction /
relocation due to transport infrastructure
investment.

This has serious negative implications on
social development and calls for a review
of current programmes and policies for
urban management and housing rights
including security of tenure.


Resources
Government Industry
Optimum use resources
Solar architecture
Insulation of buildings
Others: Wherever possible, SAVE, and
make equal distribution of benefits

qyrI swjI dunIAw dw qYnMU hwl suxwanw cMhdy
hw
dy dy quM AsqIPw AsI r`b hor bxwanw cMhdy
hw
iek AYS afwvy mihlw ivc dUjw Pu`tpwQ qy
jIvy ika
Ju`gIAw qy mihlw dw AsI Prk imtwanw
cMhdy hw; dy dy quM AsqIPw ...

Thanks
Suggestions / Questions /
Commets at:
hsrai@gndec.ac.in
http://gndec.ac.in/~hsrai/


World Habitat Day

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