Energy Benchmarking Presentation - David Unger, presented at the Massey Knakal Multifamily Summit on November 16, 2011 in New York City.

1. Using Benchmarking Data to Improve Performance
Multi-family Summit
November 16th, 2011

2. Agenda
1. Energy Use in NYC
2. Energy Use Index
3. Space Use – Multifamily vs. Commercial
4. Who pays the bills?
5. Types of energy use
6. Short and long term strategies
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3. Energy Use in NYC
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4. Energy Use in NYC
Heat & Hot Water costs account for over 50% of
Energy use in NYC
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5. Energy Use Index
 EUI = Index that represent Energy use of the site
 Sum total of BTUs used by the building / Square Footage of the Building
 kBTU/sqft/yr = 1000 BTU (British Thermal Units) per square foot per year
 Site vs. Source Energy
 Weather normalized vs. non-weather normalized EUI
 Multi-family buildings currently do not receive an Energy Star Rating
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6. Source vs. Site Energy
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7. Multifamily EUI Averages
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8. Statement of Energy Performance
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9. Who covers cost
Type of Use Who Pays Description
Common Area Electric Owner Separate meter paid by
owner
Tenant Electric Tenant / Owner Normally sub-metered or
direct metered by Con Ed.
Still many master metered
Multi-Family buildings in
NYC
Water Owner Typically covered by
owner.
Heating Owner Normally covered by
owner in all centrally
heated buildings
Cooling Tenant / Owner Normally handled by
window units in smaller
buildings. Larger
buildings may have chiller
plants.
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10. Controlling Energy Costs in Buildings
 Older Buildings make up a majority of the building stock in NYC
 Owner typically pays heat and hot water costs
 Tenant typically pays electricity costs
 Overheating is a pervasive issue in NYC
 Fuel costs make up the second or third largest operating expense for
Owners/Managers next to Real Estate taxes
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11. Energy Use Cost Breakdown
Average cost for
Electricity and
Fuel is $1.44 per
square foot
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12. Energy Usage
Type of Energy Usage Description Calculation
Non-Seasonal Electric Use All Electric use less Electric use less
cooling increase during
cooling season
Cooling Electric Use Electric use for Electric use less non-
cooling seasonal electric use
Domestic Hot Water Production Fuel use for hot Fuel use less increase
water during heating season
Heating Fuel use for heat Fuel use less
domestic hot water
use.
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13. Baseload DHW vs. Heating Use
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14. Performance Scorecard
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15. Energy Efficiency Measures - Heating
 Enhance Boiler operations to increase efficiency and reduce wear
 Implement a regular maintenance routine
 Maintain proper setting on burner/boiler controls
 Maintain proper combustion efficiency
 Insulate piping
 Balance Heating Distribution System
 Seal Building Envelope
 Identify & Repair Return Line and Steam leaks
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16. Overheating Example
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17. Distribution Example
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18. Distribution Example
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19. Water Loss Example
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20. High Stack Temperature Example
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21. Energy Efficiency Measures - DHW
 Maintain proper DHW temperatures – NYC Law states 120°F to the tap
 Check / Maintain Mixing Valve
 Add DHW Recirculation pump controls
 Insulate DHW Piping
 Install low flow showerheads and faucets
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22. Energy Efficiency Measures - Electric
 Replace common area lighting with CFL or LED bulbs
 Replace appliances with ENERGY STAR models at Apartment turnover
 Increase overall occupant awareness on Energy Savings
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