Interoperability and ecosystems: Assembling the industrial metaverse
A CCS Roadmap for Romania, Bellona
1. OUR FUTURE IS CARBON NEGATIVE
A CCS Roadmap for Romania
2. The Bellona Foundation and CCS
• 1990s: initial CCS discussions with
Norwegian research and industry
• 2005: one of the founders of ZEP
• 2008: Bellona Scenario shows CCS
crucial to combat climate change
• 2007-09: influencing EU energy &
climate legislation; NER 300 funding
• 2009: BEST founded; Member State
mapping, Romania central country
• 2011: EU Energy Roadmap 2050
• 2010-12: BEST Country Roadmaps
3. CCS & ROMANIA
Impending Energy Gap
• Capacity retirement
• Diverse Capacity
• Coal + Lignite
• Fossil Gas
• Renewable
• Nuclear
CO2 Storage Potential
• 7.5 Gt (EU GeoCapacity)
• 18 Gt (GeoEcoMar)
Depleted Oil & Gas Reservoirs
• 490 Mt (EU GeoCapacity)
• 4 Gt (GeoEcoMar)
• Long history of hydrocarbon production
Enhanced Oil Recovery
• CO2 EOR provides revenue
• Reuse of suitable infrastructure
• Onshore reduces costs and risks
Infrastructure
• Extensive gas pipeline network
• Reuse of wells where suitable
5. MODELLING THE FUTURE POWER SECTOR
New Coal A 2030
Caveat: Nuclear A 2030
No modelling of renewables and energy
Nuclear B 2035
efficiency – taken from draft Romanian
Energy Plan 2011-2035
Good potential for RES, but CCS will
New Coal A 2030
anyway be needed to ensure baseload –
and for other industries (also covered in the
New Coal B 2030
BEST Roadmap)
New Coal C 2035
7. SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS: Total costs avoided by applying CCS
All
High
Costs
CCS cost-saving
• Under all but the most unfavourable values
• CCS necessary in both energy trajectories
8. TOTAL COSTS OF BIOMASS CO-FIRING
Solid biomass availability for energy
10. BIOFUEL POTENTIAL
• Largest potential for sustainable biofuels production in the EU
• Low-cost capture options – carbon-negative fuels
• Investments under way
• Tarom/Airbus/Honeywell/Camelina Company Espana
11. The message is simple but clear: CCS will be necessary to avoid soaring
energy prices in Romania
• Fossil energy production will become much cheaper
with CCS than without CCS
• Combined with biomass co-firing, CCS can even make buying
CO2 quotas completely unnecessary for the Romanian power
sector
• Though the EUA price is currently very low, the European
Commission will soon table options for strengthening the EU
ETS and rise the price to ensure emission reductions
12. RECOMMENDATIONS
• Support Getica
• CCS readiness requirements for all new thermal generation
• Further refine and reassess CO2 storage legislation
• Accelerate near-term commercial CCS
• Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR)
• Comprehensively characterise available CO2 storage capacity
• Ensuring sufficient storage capacity be available by 2020
• Produce detailed assessments of depleted and tail-end hydrocarbon fields
available for CO2 storage
• A National Programme addressing the timing and potential re-use of pipelines or
corridors as well as injection wells
• Electricity market reform
• Reward dependable low carbon generation
• Define CCS clusters
13. BEST+ ROADMAPS
Vă mulţumesc pentru atenţie!
www.bellona.org/CCS
jonas@bellona.org
