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Venture Capital Term Sheets
    NC State University | April 7, 2009
              Glen E. Caplan
Sources of Capital


Self Funding

Angel

Venture Capitalists (VCs)

Corporate Investment (Strategic Investment)



                  hutchlaw.com                2
Capital Structure of Typical Start Up

 Founders:    Common Stock
              (Vesting over time)


 Employees:   Common Stock Options
              (With vesting over 4 years)


 Investors:   Convertible Preferred Stock



                    hutchlaw.com            3
Angel Investors = High Net Worth
          Individuals with High Risk Appetite


Early stage preference
  Usually “one and done”

Terms offered by company rather than
investors
Less sophisticated on terms and value
Less “value-added”
Endangered species?


                      hutchlaw.com              4
How to Approach Angels

Individuals (network)
  Other successful entrepreneurs
Organized Groups (TIG, Atlantis, PAN, CAP,
CHAP)
  One signature for all dealings
  Follow-on investments possible
  Better preparation for institutional rounds


                    hutchlaw.com                5
Venture Capital Requirements

25-30% Internal Rate of Return
Market Size / Position
Management Team
  “Bet on Jockeys, not Horses”
Clear Exit Strategy




                   hutchlaw.com   6
Current Venture Capital Environment

 Plenty of Capital in the System?
   $28 billion committed in 2008 (21% decline)
 Investors More Cautious with Deals
 Potential Exits Uncertain and Delayed
 Valuations Declining
   Have We Bottomed Out?
 Terms Heavily Negotiated

                     hutchlaw.com                7
4 Principles of Term Sheets

              Valuation
1


             Exit Strategy
2


3        Down-Side Protection


4              Control


                hutchlaw.com      8
Principles of Term Sheets




        Valuation
    1




          hutchlaw.com      9
Valuation Calculation

                                               Capitalization
                              Pre-Money (shares)          Post-Money (shares)

Outstanding Common Stock          2,000,000                     2,000,000

Outstanding Preferred Stock           0                         2,000,000

Outstanding Stock Options          100,000                      100,000

Reserved Stock Options             200,000                      200,000

                                  2,300,000                     4,300,000

Valuation:
Series A Preferred Purchase
                                $4.6 million                $8.6 milliion
Price = $2.00 per share)




                                  hutchlaw.com                                  10
Principles of Term Sheets




      Exit Strategy
  2




          hutchlaw.com      11
Acquisition
                     Liquidation Preference

Multiple of Liquidation Preference
   Preferred gets multiple times investment back before Common gets any money

Participating Preferred
   Preferred gets investment back first, remaining proceeds shared between
   Common and Preferred pro-rata

Limited or Capped Participation
   Preferred gets investment back first, remaining proceeds shared between
   Common and Preferred until Preferred reaches a multiple of investment (usually
   2x – 5x) and remainder goes to Common

Non-Participating Preferred
   Preferred gets investment back first, remaining proceeds go to Common



                                hutchlaw.com                                   12
Effect of Liquidation Preference

 Hi-Tec, Inc. has 2,000,000 shares of Series A
Preferred outstanding that was purchased for
$1.00 per share and 2,000,000 shares of
Common Stock outstanding.

 It has just been acquired for $15M. How is
the money divided?


                    hutchlaw.com              13
Effect of Liquidation Prefere nce
            4x Multiple of Liquidation Preference
                   with Full Participation:
1. Preferred receives 4x liquidation preference ($8M).
2. The remaining $7 million is split pro rata between the
   Common and Preferred ($3.5 million each).


                         Total return
Preferred                        11.5 million
Common                           3.5 million




                           hutchlaw.com                     14
Effect of Liquidation Preference, cont.
               1x Liquidation Preference
               Participation Capped at 4x:
1. Preferred receives liquidation preference ($2M).
2. The remaining $13M is split pro rata between the
   Common and Preferred until Preferred receives $8M (i.e.
   $6 million each).
3. The remaining $1M goes to the Common Stock holders.

                        Total return
Preferred                       8 million
Common                          7 million


                          hutchlaw.com                       15
Effect of Liquidation Preference

              Non-Participating Preferred:

1. Preferred receives liquidation preference ($2M).
2. The remaining $13M goes to the Common, but because
   the Common holders will receive more than the
   Preferred holders, the Preferred holders will convert
   into Common and all holders will be treated equally.

                        Total return
Preferred                       7.5 million

Common                          7.5 million


                          hutchlaw.com                     16
Liquidation Preference Summary
                     Current Trends
Multiple Liquidation Preferences
  15% of financings
     1x – 2x = 70% (down from 80% in Q407)
     2x – 3x = 20%
     >3x = 10% (up from 0% in Q407)

Participating Preferred
  57% of financings
     51% were uncapped (up from 41% in Q407)
                                          Source: Fenwick & West LLP – Trends in Terms of
                     Venture Financings in the San Francisco Bay Area (Fourth Quarter 2008)




                              hutchlaw.com                                              17
IPO

Registration Rights
  Demand Rights
  S-3 Rights
  Piggy Back Rights




                  hutchlaw.com   18
Principles of Term Sheets




     Down-Side Protection
3




              hutchlaw.com      19
Down-Side Protection

                   Anti-Dilution Protection
Ratchet (Largest adjustment)
Conversion price of Preferred adjusted down to price of dilutive issuance

Broad based weighted average (Least adjustment)
Conversion price of Preferred adjusted down based on a weighted average of
outstanding securities, including options and warrants

Narrow based weighted average (Medium adjustment)
Conversion price of Preferred adjusted down based on a weighted average of
outstanding capital stock – does not include options and warrants



                                hutchlaw.com                                 20
Down-Side Protection

Don’t Forget Exclusions

  Option pool of limited size

  Mergers / acquisitions

  Warrants for banks / leasing companies

  Strategic transactions




                     hutchlaw.com          21
Anti-Dilution Calculation

Facts:
Hi-Tec, Inc. has:
       3,000,000 shares of Common Stock,

       5,000,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock

       Options to purchase 2,000,000 shares of Common Stock outstanding.

The Series A Preferred Stock was sold at $1.00 per share.

Hi-Tec, Inc. now would like to issue 4,000,000 shares of Series B
Preferred Stock at $0.50 per share.

How is Series A Preferred Stock affected?




                                 hutchlaw.com                          22
Anti-Dilution Calculation, cont.

Ratchet:
 Series A initially converts to Common on a 1:1 ratio based on
its purchase price $1.00/$1.00.
 After the issuance of Series B, the conversion price is
ratcheted down to $0.50.
 The new conversion ratio is calculated as follows: $1.00/$0.50
(or 1:2). So, for every 1 share of Series A converted, the holder
will receive 2 shares of Common.
     So, the 5,000,000 shares of Series A will convert into
             10,000,000 shares of Common Stock.

                            hutchlaw.com                        23
Anti-Dilution Calculation, cont.

                 Broad-Based Weighted Average:
Formula: (all outstanding securities) x Conversion Price + Amount Raised
                 All outstanding securities + New Securities Issued


Calculation: (3,000,000 + 5,000,000 + 2,000,000) x $1.00 + $2,000,000 = 0.8571428
                   3,000,000 + 5,000,000 + 2,000,000 + 4,000,000


Conversion Ratio: $1.00 ÷ $0.8571428 = 1.166


       So, the 5,000,000 shares of Series A will convert into
                5,833,333 shares of Common Stock.



                                    hutchlaw.com                                    24
Anti-Dilution Calculation, cont.

                Narrow-Based Weighted Average:
Formula: (Common + Preferred) x Conversion Price + Amount Raised
                 Common + Preferred + New Securities Issued


Calculation: (3,000,000 + 5,000,000) x $1.00 + $2,000,000 = 0.8333333
                   3,000,000 + 5,000,000 + 4,000,000


Conversion Ratio: $1.00 ÷ $0.8333333 = 1.2


      So, the 5,000,000 shares of Series A will convert into
               6,000,000 shares of Common Stock.



                                    hutchlaw.com                        25
Down-Side Protection - Summary

               Current Trends

Ratchet = 2%
Weighted Average = 98%
No Anti-Dilution Protection = 0%



                                    Source: Fenwick & West LLP – Trends in Terms of
               Venture Financings in the San Francisco Bay Area (Fourth Quarter 2008)




                        hutchlaw.com                                              26
A Tale of Two Term Sheets
   Two companies financed under exactly the same conditions

Initial Capitalization
    3,000,000 founders shares
    2,000,000 shares initially reserved for options
Series A Financing
    Raises $5M at a $5M pre-money valuation
Series B Financing
    Raises $2M at a $5.5M pre-money valuation (and adds 1M shares to
    option pool)
Series C Financing
    Raises $21M at a $63M pre-money valuation (and adds 1M shares
    to option pool) at a $84M post-money valuation


                              hutchlaw.com                          27
Key Financing Terms

Company A
 Narrow-based weighted average anti-dilution
 protection
 Participating Preferred capped at 4x Liquidation
 Preference

Company B
 Ratchet Anti-Dilution
 4x Participating Preferred with no cap


                    hutchlaw.com                    28
Cap Tables Following Last Financing

          Company A                              Company B

Common        3,000,000                Common           3,000,000

Options       4,000,000                Options          4,000,000

              5,000,000                                 5,000,000
Series A                               Series A
              (6,000,000)                               (10,000,000)

Series B      4,000,000                Series B         4,000,000

Series C      5,666,666                Series C         7,000,000

  Common Ownership: 13.24%                  Common Ownership: 10.71%




                             hutchlaw.com                              29
Payout Scenarios
$40M acquisition?
   Company A: $1.6 million (or 4%)
   Company B: -0-

$100 million acquisition?
   Company A: Approximately $10.5 million (or 10.5%)
   Company B: -0-

$200 million acquisition?
   Company A: Approximately $23.7 million (or 11.85%)
   Company B: Approximately $9.4 million (or 4.7%)

$500 million acquisition?
   Company A: Approximately $66.2 million (or 13.24%)
   Company B: Approximately $41.6 million (or 8.32%)




                                hutchlaw.com            30
Down-Side Protection - Redemption

 Forced liquidity: Zombie companies
 Timing: 5-7 years
 Amount (all at once or percentage)
 Forced exercise during certain period or
 “any time” after target date
 Statutory limits on share repurchase


                     hutchlaw.com           31
Principles of Term Sheets




         Control
     4




          hutchlaw.com      32
Control
             Board of Directors

Key Rights
  Appoint and fire officers
  Set policy/Make major decisions
  Issue options
Number of directors
Investors: Election of BOD members by
“series” or “class” vote

                    hutchlaw.com        33
Control
             Protective Provisions

Must obtain approval of the Preferred to:
  Authorize additional shares of stock
  Create a new series of stock with equal or
  greater rights
  Complete a merger/sale of assets
  Change the size of Board of Directors


                    hutchlaw.com               34
Control

    Typical Additional Investor Rights

Information Rights
Co-Sale Rights
First Refusal Rights
Preemptive Rights



                     hutchlaw.com        35
Hutchison Law Group

Serving the Southeast’s life science
and technology communities.

Represent companies of all sizes,
with a strong focus on emerging
growth companies from inception
through exit.

Serve clients along the Southeast
corridor from Maryland to Florida.

Extraordinary depth and experience
in law, technology and business.


                         hutchlaw.com   36
Questions?
 (and hopefully answers)

Glen Caplan
Hutchison Law Group
gcaplan@hutchlaw.com
919.829.4303
www.linkedin.com/in/glencaplan




          hutchlaw.com           37

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Venture Capital Term Sheets (April 7, 2009)

  • 1. Venture Capital Term Sheets NC State University | April 7, 2009 Glen E. Caplan
  • 2. Sources of Capital Self Funding Angel Venture Capitalists (VCs) Corporate Investment (Strategic Investment) hutchlaw.com 2
  • 3. Capital Structure of Typical Start Up Founders: Common Stock (Vesting over time) Employees: Common Stock Options (With vesting over 4 years) Investors: Convertible Preferred Stock hutchlaw.com 3
  • 4. Angel Investors = High Net Worth Individuals with High Risk Appetite Early stage preference Usually “one and done” Terms offered by company rather than investors Less sophisticated on terms and value Less “value-added” Endangered species? hutchlaw.com 4
  • 5. How to Approach Angels Individuals (network) Other successful entrepreneurs Organized Groups (TIG, Atlantis, PAN, CAP, CHAP) One signature for all dealings Follow-on investments possible Better preparation for institutional rounds hutchlaw.com 5
  • 6. Venture Capital Requirements 25-30% Internal Rate of Return Market Size / Position Management Team “Bet on Jockeys, not Horses” Clear Exit Strategy hutchlaw.com 6
  • 7. Current Venture Capital Environment Plenty of Capital in the System? $28 billion committed in 2008 (21% decline) Investors More Cautious with Deals Potential Exits Uncertain and Delayed Valuations Declining Have We Bottomed Out? Terms Heavily Negotiated hutchlaw.com 7
  • 8. 4 Principles of Term Sheets Valuation 1 Exit Strategy 2 3 Down-Side Protection 4 Control hutchlaw.com 8
  • 9. Principles of Term Sheets Valuation 1 hutchlaw.com 9
  • 10. Valuation Calculation Capitalization Pre-Money (shares) Post-Money (shares) Outstanding Common Stock 2,000,000 2,000,000 Outstanding Preferred Stock 0 2,000,000 Outstanding Stock Options 100,000 100,000 Reserved Stock Options 200,000 200,000 2,300,000 4,300,000 Valuation: Series A Preferred Purchase $4.6 million $8.6 milliion Price = $2.00 per share) hutchlaw.com 10
  • 11. Principles of Term Sheets Exit Strategy 2 hutchlaw.com 11
  • 12. Acquisition Liquidation Preference Multiple of Liquidation Preference Preferred gets multiple times investment back before Common gets any money Participating Preferred Preferred gets investment back first, remaining proceeds shared between Common and Preferred pro-rata Limited or Capped Participation Preferred gets investment back first, remaining proceeds shared between Common and Preferred until Preferred reaches a multiple of investment (usually 2x – 5x) and remainder goes to Common Non-Participating Preferred Preferred gets investment back first, remaining proceeds go to Common hutchlaw.com 12
  • 13. Effect of Liquidation Preference Hi-Tec, Inc. has 2,000,000 shares of Series A Preferred outstanding that was purchased for $1.00 per share and 2,000,000 shares of Common Stock outstanding. It has just been acquired for $15M. How is the money divided? hutchlaw.com 13
  • 14. Effect of Liquidation Prefere nce 4x Multiple of Liquidation Preference with Full Participation: 1. Preferred receives 4x liquidation preference ($8M). 2. The remaining $7 million is split pro rata between the Common and Preferred ($3.5 million each). Total return Preferred 11.5 million Common 3.5 million hutchlaw.com 14
  • 15. Effect of Liquidation Preference, cont. 1x Liquidation Preference Participation Capped at 4x: 1. Preferred receives liquidation preference ($2M). 2. The remaining $13M is split pro rata between the Common and Preferred until Preferred receives $8M (i.e. $6 million each). 3. The remaining $1M goes to the Common Stock holders. Total return Preferred 8 million Common 7 million hutchlaw.com 15
  • 16. Effect of Liquidation Preference Non-Participating Preferred: 1. Preferred receives liquidation preference ($2M). 2. The remaining $13M goes to the Common, but because the Common holders will receive more than the Preferred holders, the Preferred holders will convert into Common and all holders will be treated equally. Total return Preferred 7.5 million Common 7.5 million hutchlaw.com 16
  • 17. Liquidation Preference Summary Current Trends Multiple Liquidation Preferences 15% of financings 1x – 2x = 70% (down from 80% in Q407) 2x – 3x = 20% >3x = 10% (up from 0% in Q407) Participating Preferred 57% of financings 51% were uncapped (up from 41% in Q407) Source: Fenwick & West LLP – Trends in Terms of Venture Financings in the San Francisco Bay Area (Fourth Quarter 2008) hutchlaw.com 17
  • 18. IPO Registration Rights Demand Rights S-3 Rights Piggy Back Rights hutchlaw.com 18
  • 19. Principles of Term Sheets Down-Side Protection 3 hutchlaw.com 19
  • 20. Down-Side Protection Anti-Dilution Protection Ratchet (Largest adjustment) Conversion price of Preferred adjusted down to price of dilutive issuance Broad based weighted average (Least adjustment) Conversion price of Preferred adjusted down based on a weighted average of outstanding securities, including options and warrants Narrow based weighted average (Medium adjustment) Conversion price of Preferred adjusted down based on a weighted average of outstanding capital stock – does not include options and warrants hutchlaw.com 20
  • 21. Down-Side Protection Don’t Forget Exclusions Option pool of limited size Mergers / acquisitions Warrants for banks / leasing companies Strategic transactions hutchlaw.com 21
  • 22. Anti-Dilution Calculation Facts: Hi-Tec, Inc. has: 3,000,000 shares of Common Stock, 5,000,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock Options to purchase 2,000,000 shares of Common Stock outstanding. The Series A Preferred Stock was sold at $1.00 per share. Hi-Tec, Inc. now would like to issue 4,000,000 shares of Series B Preferred Stock at $0.50 per share. How is Series A Preferred Stock affected? hutchlaw.com 22
  • 23. Anti-Dilution Calculation, cont. Ratchet: Series A initially converts to Common on a 1:1 ratio based on its purchase price $1.00/$1.00. After the issuance of Series B, the conversion price is ratcheted down to $0.50. The new conversion ratio is calculated as follows: $1.00/$0.50 (or 1:2). So, for every 1 share of Series A converted, the holder will receive 2 shares of Common. So, the 5,000,000 shares of Series A will convert into 10,000,000 shares of Common Stock. hutchlaw.com 23
  • 24. Anti-Dilution Calculation, cont. Broad-Based Weighted Average: Formula: (all outstanding securities) x Conversion Price + Amount Raised All outstanding securities + New Securities Issued Calculation: (3,000,000 + 5,000,000 + 2,000,000) x $1.00 + $2,000,000 = 0.8571428 3,000,000 + 5,000,000 + 2,000,000 + 4,000,000 Conversion Ratio: $1.00 ÷ $0.8571428 = 1.166 So, the 5,000,000 shares of Series A will convert into 5,833,333 shares of Common Stock. hutchlaw.com 24
  • 25. Anti-Dilution Calculation, cont. Narrow-Based Weighted Average: Formula: (Common + Preferred) x Conversion Price + Amount Raised Common + Preferred + New Securities Issued Calculation: (3,000,000 + 5,000,000) x $1.00 + $2,000,000 = 0.8333333 3,000,000 + 5,000,000 + 4,000,000 Conversion Ratio: $1.00 ÷ $0.8333333 = 1.2 So, the 5,000,000 shares of Series A will convert into 6,000,000 shares of Common Stock. hutchlaw.com 25
  • 26. Down-Side Protection - Summary Current Trends Ratchet = 2% Weighted Average = 98% No Anti-Dilution Protection = 0% Source: Fenwick & West LLP – Trends in Terms of Venture Financings in the San Francisco Bay Area (Fourth Quarter 2008) hutchlaw.com 26
  • 27. A Tale of Two Term Sheets Two companies financed under exactly the same conditions Initial Capitalization 3,000,000 founders shares 2,000,000 shares initially reserved for options Series A Financing Raises $5M at a $5M pre-money valuation Series B Financing Raises $2M at a $5.5M pre-money valuation (and adds 1M shares to option pool) Series C Financing Raises $21M at a $63M pre-money valuation (and adds 1M shares to option pool) at a $84M post-money valuation hutchlaw.com 27
  • 28. Key Financing Terms Company A Narrow-based weighted average anti-dilution protection Participating Preferred capped at 4x Liquidation Preference Company B Ratchet Anti-Dilution 4x Participating Preferred with no cap hutchlaw.com 28
  • 29. Cap Tables Following Last Financing Company A Company B Common 3,000,000 Common 3,000,000 Options 4,000,000 Options 4,000,000 5,000,000 5,000,000 Series A Series A (6,000,000) (10,000,000) Series B 4,000,000 Series B 4,000,000 Series C 5,666,666 Series C 7,000,000 Common Ownership: 13.24% Common Ownership: 10.71% hutchlaw.com 29
  • 30. Payout Scenarios $40M acquisition? Company A: $1.6 million (or 4%) Company B: -0- $100 million acquisition? Company A: Approximately $10.5 million (or 10.5%) Company B: -0- $200 million acquisition? Company A: Approximately $23.7 million (or 11.85%) Company B: Approximately $9.4 million (or 4.7%) $500 million acquisition? Company A: Approximately $66.2 million (or 13.24%) Company B: Approximately $41.6 million (or 8.32%) hutchlaw.com 30
  • 31. Down-Side Protection - Redemption Forced liquidity: Zombie companies Timing: 5-7 years Amount (all at once or percentage) Forced exercise during certain period or “any time” after target date Statutory limits on share repurchase hutchlaw.com 31
  • 32. Principles of Term Sheets Control 4 hutchlaw.com 32
  • 33. Control Board of Directors Key Rights Appoint and fire officers Set policy/Make major decisions Issue options Number of directors Investors: Election of BOD members by “series” or “class” vote hutchlaw.com 33
  • 34. Control Protective Provisions Must obtain approval of the Preferred to: Authorize additional shares of stock Create a new series of stock with equal or greater rights Complete a merger/sale of assets Change the size of Board of Directors hutchlaw.com 34
  • 35. Control Typical Additional Investor Rights Information Rights Co-Sale Rights First Refusal Rights Preemptive Rights hutchlaw.com 35
  • 36. Hutchison Law Group Serving the Southeast’s life science and technology communities. Represent companies of all sizes, with a strong focus on emerging growth companies from inception through exit. Serve clients along the Southeast corridor from Maryland to Florida. Extraordinary depth and experience in law, technology and business. hutchlaw.com 36
  • 37. Questions? (and hopefully answers) Glen Caplan Hutchison Law Group gcaplan@hutchlaw.com 919.829.4303 www.linkedin.com/in/glencaplan hutchlaw.com 37