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Mobile Innovations and ,[object Object],Evolution in the Education Ecosystem,[object Object],Paul Kim,[object Object],Chief Technology Officer ,[object Object],Assistant Dean,[object Object],Stanford University,[object Object],School of Education,[object Object],phkim@stanford.edu,[object Object]
	All living things evolve...,[object Object],   So do thoughts, values, practices, organizations, etc. Therefore, evolution is everywhere around us.  ,[object Object],	Let’s study some basic terms first.,[object Object]
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alfredoliverani-stamps/4174269905/sizes/z/in/photostream/,[object Object],	Darwin (1859) proposed the idea that organisms adapt and evolve through natural selection, creating particular ecological niches and eventually resulting in the emergence of new species. ,[object Object]
Natural Selection,[object Object],New change is introduced to the ecosystem. ,[object Object],Predator is part of the ecosystem and it is certainly part of the environment the species interact with.,[object Object],No change means extinction.  Better species =  More competitive service, product, delivery, etc.,[object Object],http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article//evo_39,[object Object]
Artificial Selection Interactions and Influences,[object Object],Natural selection => Responsive or reactive,[object Object],Artificial selection processes within ,[object Object],organizations, models, etc. = Initiative or proactive,[object Object],Try out and see what works better or becomes better; ,[object Object],Identify best practices and eliminate ,[object Object],bad features or procedures; keep what work best; ,[object Object],and scale up your model.,[object Object],You cannot expect a change if you just think ,[object Object],about it and never try.,[object Object],http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/Cornselection.jpg,[object Object]
	A business or industry, as a living organism, often must evolve (i.e., to overcome or even leverage changes) in order to seek higher efficiencies and ensure itslong-term sustainability (Kim, 2010).,[object Object]
Let’s look at some evolution examples from the industries.,[object Object]
Evolving at a slower clock speed,[object Object],Boeing 747-100,[object Object],1969,[object Object],Take off…,[object Object],Land…,[object Object],The same way,[object Object],No faster,[object Object],Boeing 747-200,[object Object],1976,[object Object],Boeing 747-400,[object Object],1989,[object Object],Value priority,[object Object],Ticket Price ,[object Object],Operation Cost,[object Object],Profitable Routes,[object Object],Boeing 777-300,[object Object],1994,[object Object]
1981,[object Object],Call,[object Object],Text message,[object Object],Take photo,[object Object],Edit video,[object Object],Browse,[object Object],Mobinar,[object Object],Do whatever,[object Object],Value priority,[object Object],Expansion and Quality ,[object Object],of User Experience,[object Object],When ICT is the main driver of evolution = faster clock speed,[object Object]
Mobile Innovations and Evolutions in Education Ecosystem
Mobile Innovations and Evolutions in Education Ecosystem
Mobile Innovations and Evolutions in Education Ecosystem
What can we learn?,[object Object],If the external evolution rate exceeds the internal evolution rate, extinction is eminent.,[object Object],Adapt to the changing rules of the game. Or die out.,[object Object],We know it, but the knowing and doing gap abounds.,[object Object],Many organizations are not good at evolving because they are busy putting out daily fires.,[object Object],Organizational change requires organizational cohesion through value alignment.,[object Object],Everyone is appreciating the same value.),[object Object]
Education Ecosystem,[object Object],New species ,[object Object]
MYSPACE for Grand Canyon University - From “almost closing down status” in 2001. (1949-2003 / 2004-2010),[object Object],Making it the first for-profit Christian college in the United States. IPO NASDAQ in 2008. As of Dec. 2009: 37,000. ,[object Object],Major genetic mutation occurred in 2003: non-profit to for-profit. Hybrid: on-ground and online. Joined the major league                                                       http://finance.yahoo.com/,[object Object]
Founded in 1996,[object Object],Completely online. Started as non-profit and received accreditation in 2003.,[object Object],9000 students. 95% advanced degree seeking students. One 3-story building in the middle of desert in Arizona.,[object Object],Going for organic growth.,[object Object]
Where are all the traditional university features?,[object Object]
Commoncharacteristics of emerging universities,[object Object],[object Object]
21st Century ERP system(Tightly measure all performance indicators. CRM - every interaction matters.),[object Object],[object Object]
Cloud services (Plug-n-Play) – buildings,  online library DB, admission, writing support center, IT support, everything that are not core competencies / Faculty contract by course – highly disintegrated  model
Dynamically meeting the market needs,[object Object]
What’s for sure?,[object Object],	Although the clock speed is still slow, more artificial selections to be made in the education ecosystem.,[object Object]
	Another interesting phenomenon in the education ecosystem.,[object Object]
http://twulibrarynews.blogspot.com/2007_05_01_archive.html /http://www.istockphoto.com/stock-photo-5032663-exam-bubble-sheet-with-pencil.php,[object Object],http://ismartboard.com/,[object Object]
http://studenthacks.org/category/study-help/,[object Object]
http://www.wired.com/gadgetlab/2009/04/iphonestanford/,[object Object]
Mobile Innovations and Evolutions in Education Ecosystem
Mobile Innovations and Evolutions in Education Ecosystem
Mobile Innovations and Evolutions in Education Ecosystem
Student Generated Inquiries inMobiSocialLearning Environment,[object Object]
Mobile Innovations and Evolutions in Education Ecosystem
Mobile Innovations and Evolutions in Education Ecosystem
Mobile Technology for,[object Object],	Innovative, Inclusive, Integrative, & International ,[object Object],Education Ecosystem.,[object Object]
POMI 2020Programmable Open Mobile Internet ,[object Object],The Stanford Clean Slate Programhttp://cleanslate.stanford.edu,[object Object]
33,[object Object],Stanford Faculty Team,[object Object],Education,[object Object],Applications,[object Object],Paul Kim,[object Object],HCI,[object Object],Scott Klemmer,[object Object],Security,[object Object],Dan Boneh,[object Object],John Mitchell,[object Object],Languages,[object Object],Monica Lam,[object Object],Distributed Systems,[object Object],David Mazieres,[object Object],Phil Levis,[object Object],OS,[object Object],Mendel Rosenblum,[object Object],Architecture,[object Object],Christos Kozyrakis,[object Object],Economics,[object Object],Ramesh Johari,[object Object],Guru Parulkar,[object Object],Nick McKeown,[object Object],Networking,[object Object],Fouad Tobagi,[object Object],Andrea Goldsmith,[object Object],Radio,[object Object],Arogyaswami Paulraj,[object Object]
Global Partnership,[object Object],CETYS Universidad, Mexico,[object Object],Last Alliance,[object Object],Strike The Mouse,[object Object]
Migrant indigenous children from Oaxaca mountain regions,[object Object]
PocketSchool for those who have no access to school,[object Object],StoryReader coupled with paper stories!,[object Object]
Do you believe sesame street was helpful for children to learn? ,[object Object],How about mobile sesame street? More important matter is that smartphones of today are going to be much better than just mobile sesame street.,[object Object],Never owned a book in his life.,[object Object]
Pocket school: Exploring mobile technology as a sustainable literacy education option for underserved children in Latin America. International Journal of Educational Development. 28(4), pp. 435-445.,[object Object],An action research for the development of mobile learning system for the underserved. ,[object Object],Educational Technology Research & Development. 57(3), pp. 415-435.,[object Object]
Socioeconomic Strata, Mobile Technology, & Education: A comparative Analysis. ,[object Object],Educational Technology Research & Development (DOI: 10.1007/s11423-010-9172-3.,[object Object]
Global Partnership,[object Object],Universidad Technologia, El Salvador,[object Object]
Global Partnership,[object Object],Universidad Technologia, El Salvador,[object Object],MrsErlindaHándal Vega,[object Object],Vice Minister of Science & Technology,[object Object]
Global Partnership,[object Object],BIRZEIT University, Palestine,[object Object]
No computer no Internet No Library,[object Object],Extremely underserved school ,[object Object],2hr/day electricity.,[object Object],ardto receive external aids,[object Object]
Mobile Innovations and Evolutions in Education Ecosystem
Mobile Innovations and Evolutions in Education Ecosystem
Mrs. Lamis Al-Alami,[object Object],Minister of Education,[object Object]
Digital storytelling among Israeli and Palestinian Children in the Era of Mobile Innovation. (To appear in Educational Media and Technology Yearbook, Volume 36.),[object Object],Creativity Gap in the Global Era: Using Mobile Devices to Assess and Develop Critical Thinking Skills Among Palestinian Youth. (Forth coming).,[object Object]
Global Partnership,[object Object],Tumba College of Technology, Rwanda,[object Object],Civic engagement, Genocide victims with HIV/AIDS/ Micro-business-based women empowerment / Entrepreneurship & Mobile Storytelling,[object Object],Dr. Gatare,[object Object],Minister of ICT,[object Object]
49,[object Object],Raising HIV Awareness,[object Object],Counter the mis-conception,[object Object],Competition game based,[object Object],Learning HIV/AIDS & Track,[object Object],Learning entrepreneurship,[object Object],49,[object Object]
50,[object Object]
51,[object Object]
Content Management and  Tracking System,[object Object],52,[object Object]
53,[object Object]
PocketSchool,[object Object],Do you remember why pocket-size mobile technology is different from desktop or even notebook computers?,[object Object]
Portability,[object Object],Less electricity consumption,[object Object],Ease of implementation,[object Object],Ease of maintenance,[object Object],Performance tracking,[object Object],Individualized intervention,[object Object],The list goes on…,[object Object]
Contextualized innovation  vs. Reverse innovation - Much more energy efficient device. Alternative energy option for developing countries is green ideas for developed countries. Must be game-based/ activity-based in developing countries.,[object Object]
Mobile Innovations and Evolutions in Education Ecosystem
Value-centeredEducation Ecosystem,[object Object],Service Learning Model,[object Object],Relevant and Meaningful Experiences for everyone,[object Object],Global Partnership for Global Causes,[object Object],Sustainable Education Ecosystem,[object Object]
Mobile technology makes a bottom up approach actually possible.,[object Object],Easier to implement in a much shorter time.,[object Object],Leverage widely available cellular networks.,[object Object],Equalize access to educational development opportunities for all.,[object Object],Strategic value alignment to cause evolution in the education ecosystem (University students + Faculty + Children + Real world problems ),[object Object]
Really?,[object Object],For all?,[object Object],At least we are trying our best…,[object Object]
Alberto in a rural village school in ,[object Object],Baja California, Mexico,[object Object],“I want to study with the ,[object Object],mobile computer, too!”,[object Object],Mobile Exam and Audio Games for ,[object Object],the blind. (Dominican Republic),[object Object],We always look for partners!,[object Object]
From device recognition to problem solving through collaborations.,[object Object],Response tracking log,[object Object]
63,[object Object]
`,[object Object],64,[object Object]
Mobile Innovations and Evolutions in Education Ecosystem
Mobile Innovations and Evolutions in Education Ecosystem
ROSE Series – specifically covering scientific phenomena ,[object Object],linked to climate change, alternative energy, and natural disasters.,[object Object]
Last-mile education solution,[object Object],PSILAN,[object Object],on a Plug computer,[object Object],Competition games,[object Object],Mobile learning assessment,[object Object],68,[object Object]
69,[object Object],Night time off-peak hours,[object Object],Day time peak hours,[object Object]
70,[object Object]
71,[object Object]
Remotely Operated Science Experiment - A new approach to supplement real-time collaboration and online learning. (Forth coming).,[object Object],Stanford Mobile Inquiry-based Learning Environment (SMILE): using mobile phones to promote student inquires in the elementary classroom. (To appear in the Proceedings of World Congress in Computer Science, Computer Engineering, and Applied Computing. July, 2011),[object Object]
Exploration of a Self-Directed Mobile Learning Model for the Extremely Underserved Communities. (International Journal of Educational Development. 10.1016/j.ijedudev.2011.05.008).,[object Object],PocketSchool Interactive Learning Ad-hoc Network and HIV/AIDS Education in the Developing Region. (Forth coming).,[object Object]
What have I learned about sustainability?,[object Object]
21st Century Value-Centered Education Ecosystem,[object Object],ANSWERS “WHY?”,[object Object],Shared peace & prosperity, mental & physical wellbeing, unity (Afghan refugee, Uganda refugee, Nomadic Indian tribes, HIV/AIDS victims of the genocide, children in Qalqylya, Palestine, students with disabilities, Ashram Ghandi, etc.,[object Object],MOTIVATE CONSTITUENCIES ,[object Object],IGNITE PASSION,[object Object],VALUE,[object Object],NURTURE,[object Object],CATALYZE,[object Object],APPLICABLE,[object Object],PEDAGOGY,[object Object],CONTENT,[object Object],CONTEXTUALIZED,[object Object],ENABLING AGENT,[object Object],TECHNOLOGY,[object Object],NEW POSSIBILITIES,[object Object],Must continue to evolve,[object Object],VCEE,[object Object]
	The Future is Here; It's Just Not Widely Distributed, Yet. ,[object Object],- William Gibson,[object Object],	The Future is Not Widely Distributed. Therefore, It is Not Here, Yet. ,[object Object],- Paul Kim,[object Object]

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Mobile Innovations and Evolutions in Education Ecosystem

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  • 20. Cloud services (Plug-n-Play) – buildings, online library DB, admission, writing support center, IT support, everything that are not core competencies / Faculty contract by course – highly disintegrated model
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Editor's Notes

  1. Let’s turn our attention to another region in the world.This is a heavily armed military checkpoint in Qalqylya, Palestine.In order to go to school, each child must go through this check point everyday2 hours of electricity a day2 hours of water a dayNo computer no Internet No LibraryExtremely underserved school because of political reasonsHard to receive external aids
  2. Children develop
  3. With PSILAN, the coordinator can set up either complete anonymous or privately-tracked competition sessions for outcome analyses.Although all potential barriers and issues have not been fully addressed, a competition game based public health education program is expected to generate enough buzz in rural villages and get the people to talk about and share correct answers on the way to the competition games. Such idea is to counter the misconceptions around HIV/AIDS (e.g., HIV as evil spirit) and learn to prevent it at all costs.
  4. Basically, the idea here is to convert quality HIV/AIDS learning content into competition game based assessment in Kinyarwanda and Swahili for rural villagers in Rwanda, Tanzania, Zambia, and Burundi. This project is to help increase participation rates while offering incentives for participants. Considering the cost of running current instructor-led or printed media-based HIV/AIDS education programs and low participant rates, PSILAN is to turn lecture-based education content into a competition game solution involving graphics and audios (i.e., for the illiterate). Once completed, the program will be announced as a competition to earn US $1 in remote rural villages and participant can play the competition to earn US $1 by answering an acceptable number of quizzes on HIV/AIDS.
  5. Greenberg et al. also reported that monetary incentives played a key role in motivating eligible women to complete their HIV intervention study. In terms of contextualization for increased sustainability, PSILAN for HIV/AIDS education project is basically adding competition game component coupled with incentive structure to already existing mobile education projects such as the work of Ofotokun et al. who found non-interactive, yet culturally adapted mobile education devices to be still cost-effective in raising HIV awareness among rural villagers in Nigeria. Overall, the findings from PSILAN for HIV/AIDS project are to be reported in the upcoming reports.
  6. We are in the process of developing programs for private sector to participate in our projects. Some of the initial discussions are being held with partnering organizations with local cellular operators. For example, in Rwanda, initial talks have identified potential ways to engage MTN to purchase and distribute commercial models of PSILAN incorporating existing nation-wide wi-fi model for content delivery. Also, through partnering NGOs in Latin America, mobile companies have helped us identify potential strategies of embedding commercial contents in the education materials to seek brand recognition in villages and pay for the cost of the mobile learning models in various countries. This type of partnership prototype models will be implemented in the next 24 months to investigate opportunities and challenges in the areas of scalability and sustainability.
  7. What we are looking for in the future is not “one ipad per child.”It’s got to be “one inspirational moment“one smiley face“one dream“one hope“and one child at a time.”Together we, we make one world.Thank you.
  8. PSILAN architecture can be highly decentralized to work with available local network services (e.g., GSM, Wi-Fi, Wi-Max, etc.) and grow to address local needs at various levels (e.g., femtocell, picocell, community, or village network, etc.).
  9. For example, if a village has no network of any kind, a simple Wi-fi access point or picocell access point could be turned on to serve as a micro backbone for a small learning network. With a simple access point with default network settings, one can instantly start servicing PSILAN and learners in the coverage area can join PSILAN with available mobile devices that can support the given network.
  10. Since the core component of the PSILAN application that needs to be installed on mobile devices is light-weight, the mobile application installs quickly over the network and consumes minimal resources of the mobile devices. Because of the simplicity of PSILAN, it could be deployed within hours and easily taken to rural villages or hard-to-reach regions. It is designed so that non-technical people can easily author contents. Therefore, the potential use of PSILAN in under-developed region is quite noteworthy.
  11. With cellular network coupling (i.e., in order to link with mobile Internet service provided by a cellular network carrier), PSILAN could enable ad-hoc interactive learning network (e.g., educational games), village-wide mobile survey network (e.g., public health survey), micro-economy development(e.g., village advertisement or marketing survey), social entrepreneurship support network (e.g., village woman empowerment programs), etc. Overall, Pocketschool Interactive Learning AdHoc Network solutions can be used as learning and assessment management solutions for various learning scenarios and programs especially in the underserved regions around the world.
  12. http://www.flickr.com/photos/mikezuk/1792030001/