Chemical disinfectants are used to kill or deactivate pathogenic microorganisms. Some common chemical disinfectants used for water purification include chlorine gas, chlorine tablets, chlorine solution, and bleaching powder. Rodenticides are chemicals used to kill rodents and some common types include barium carbonate, zinc phosphide, warfarin, and fumigation. Rodents can carry diseases like plague, leptospirosis, salmonellosis, and rat bite fever. Other chemicals discussed include those used for family planning, water purification, and as insecticides, preservatives, and antiseptics in public health.

1. Chapter 11
Chemical Agents Used in
Public Health
Dr. Chhavi Bajaj
Dental Surgeon
Lecturer AIILSG

2. Water disinfection can be performed with
various disinfectants. Chemical disinfectants are
chemical substances which are used to kill or
deactivate pathogenic microorganisms.
WATER
PURIFICATION
HARD WATER
CORRECTION
CHEMICAL AGENTS
LIME
SODIUM CARBONATE
PERMUTIT
ALUM
OXIDATION
CHLORINE GAS
CHLORINE TABLETS
CHLORINE SOLUTION
BLEACHING POWDER
POTASSIUM PERMANGNATE
COPPER SULPHATE
TYPES
• CHEMICALS USED IN PURIFICATION OF WATER
• CHEMCAL DISINFECTANTS-
eliminates harmful microorganisms from objects
and surfaces
• INSECTICIDES- are substances used to kill insects
• RODENTICIDES- KILLS RODANTS (RATS)
• DRUGS- kills all microorganism
• CHEMICAL METHODS OF FAMILY PLANNING

3. RODENTICIDES
Rodenticides are rat poisons, are typically non-specific pest control
chemicals made and sold for the purpose of killing rodents. Some
rodenticides are lethal after one exposure while others require more than
one
Rodents Carry Disease like
1. Plague- A rare but serious bacterial infection
2. Leptospirosis - Weil's Disease it is carried by rodents and other wild
animals. Infection is through contact with water, food, or soil
containing urine from an infected animal.
3. Salmonellosis- Salmonellosis is commonly associated with poor
hygiene or inadequately cooked food, but can also be acquired from
rodents.
4. Rat Bite Fever (RBF)- Rat Bite Fever is caused by Streptobacillus
bacteria that is found in the mouth of rats
5. Q Fever Rickettsial Disease

4. TYPES OF
RODENTICIDES
There are five types of Rodenticides, namely
 Barium Carbonate
 Zinc Phosphide
 Warfarin
 Fumiation
 ANTU (Alpha Naphthyl Thio Urea)

5. CYANO GAS PUMP
 Warfarin Kills rats by bleeding. Takes around 4 to 10 days
 Fumigation Killing rats with gases. Cyanogas is generated from
calcium cynide powder.
 ANTU This is too dangerous for use
Barium
Carbonate
Mixed in wheat
White in colour
Weak poison
No smell
Zinc Phosphiude
Mixed in water
Black in colour
Strong Poision
Garlic smell
• Barium Carbonate- White powder
Wheat- mixed in wheat
Weak Poision
No smell
• Zinc Phosphide- Black powder
Water- mixed in water
Strong Poision
Garlic smell

6. Useful Chemicals
VINEGAR- PRESERVATIVE
THIOMERSAL- OPV
DIETHYL TOLUAMIDE- MOSQUITO REPELLANT
ORS- FOR REHYDRATION, CHOLRIDE SALTS OF NA
AND K
HYDROCHLORIC ACID- DURING ESTIMATION
OF HAEMOGLOBIN
BENEDICT'S SOLUTION- FOR DIABETES
SODIUM IODINE- IN SALT
INSECTICIDES- FOR MALARIA, DENGUE,
OTHERS

7. Thank You
chhavibajaj.cb@gmail.com