Warning Signs Of A Volcanic Eruption

Warning Signs Of A Volcanic Eruption
Warning signs of a volcanic eruption can occur up to a month before the eruption itself occurs.
These may include earthquakes, cracks in the earth around the base of the mountain, and even the
depletion of water in springs and streams. All of these signs, and more, were present up to two
weeks before the eruption of Mount Vesuvius, which began on August 24, AD 79, and covered an
estimated 16,000 citizens of Pompeii in more than 25 meters of volcanic ash. The result of this event
seemingly could have been avoided, yet this is still considered to be "one of the most catastrophic
and infamous eruptions in European history"(Deen 25).
The city of Pompeii was thought to be established in the seventh or sixth century BC, by the Oscans,
a group of people from central Italy. The root of the word Pompeii is the Oscan word for the number
five, pompe, which suggests that either the community consisted of five hamlets or it was settled by
a family group. Pompeii was captured for the first time by the Greek colonies between 525 and 474
BC, then again by the Etruscans in 89 BC. Pompeii then came under the domination of Rome in the
fourth century BC, and was then conquered and became a Roman colony in 80 BC. Pompeii then
underwent a process of development within the city. This included the construction of an
amphitheatre, swimming pool and an aqueduct that provided water for more than twenty five street
fountains, at least four public baths, and a large number of private houses and
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Sandro Botticelli Essay
Choose one artist with several links. View the links. Comment on what you most liked about his
work. Do you have one in particular that you liked? Why? I chose Sandro Botticelli because his
story called my attention, I believe the story of the Medici family is interesting. Botticelli was born
in the period of the Italian renaissance and was took at the age of fourteen to become an apprentice,
and by age of fifteen opened his own shop. This is just impressive, I cannot visualize a teenager
being an owner of a business, I know things at that time were quite different. Yet, is hard to think
this young man was mature enough at that age because I have read books and information about the
human brain and how develops. I also know women were married off at the age of fourteen and had
babies around that age. All these facts about history, once put together become impressive and
shocking. Makes me wonder if humanity is moving forward or backward in the evolution, does
people used to mature faster before? Or we just got slower? ... Show more content on
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She appeared many times even on the same painting, it was Simonetta repeatedly or at least some
similar looking women then. I believe he was in love with her otherwise why will he paint her so
much. What I find intriguing is her death and that she was married. He painted several women that
looked just like Simonetta wearing little to none clothes, that makes me wonder if it was true they
were in love and had a secret affair. Is possible that Botticelli imagine her like that for his paintings,
but during that period artist used to use real people to model for

European Bestiaries and Legends
In European bestiaries and legends, a basilisk could be a legendary reptilian putative to be king of
serpents and same to possess the facility to cause death with one look. consistent with the Naturalis
Historia of Pliny the Elder, the basilisk of Cyrene could be a little snake, "being less than twelve
fingers long," that's therefore venomous, it leaves a large path of deadly venom in its wake, and its
gaze is likewise lethal; its weakness is within the odor of the musteline mammal, which, consistent
with Pliny, was thrown into the basilisk's hole, recognizable as a result of all the encompassing
shrubs and grass had been scorched by its presence. it's doable that the legend of the basilisk and its
association with the musteline mammal in Europe was galvanized by accounts of bound species of
Asiatic snakes and their natural predator, the genus Herpestes.
Accounts
The basilisk is termed "king" as a result of it's putative to possess on its head a mitre– or crown–
shaped crest. Stories of the basilisk show that it's not fully distinguished from the mythical creature.
The basilisk is purported to be hatched by a rooster from the egg of a serpent or frog . In Medieval
Europe, the outline of the creature began taking up options from cockerels.
One of the earliest accounts of the basilisk comes from Pliny the Elder's explanation, written in
roughly seventy nine AD. He describes the catoblepas, a monstrous cow–like creature of that "all
UN agency see its eyes, fall dead upon the

Beer Persuasive Essay
Beer: Top 20 Best Brands in The World
The title says it all my friends and, without further ado, here are the twenty best beers in the world.
20. APHRODISIAQUE
This is a beer straight out of Montreal, Canada, and it has many different flavors to it. Dark
Chococalte, roasted malt, vanilla, and bourbon are the flavors you will taste.
19. SAISON BERNICE
Saison Bernice is a very dry and refreshing beer from California, and it is made with the best local
ingredients.
18. GRASSROOTS BROTHER SOIGNE
A mixture of blood orange, lime, and hibiscus make up this very tart beer. Grassroots Brother
Soigne is fermented in Vermont, and it is another very refreshing beer.
17. BEER GEEK BREAKFAST
This is a very unique beverage, as it is composed of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
GOSE GONE WILD
This is a very sour beer, as it is created by a German–style of sour wheat ale. You need to like sour
drinks to like this, and if you do then I couldn't recommend it any more.
5. ZOMBIE DUST
I must admit that this has the coolest name out of any beer in the world, and the flavor is pretty good
too. Zombie Dust has a brilliant citrus flavor to it, and it is more than just an awesome name.
4. HALF ACRE BEER COMPANY
This company brews roughness on purpose because their beverages push for raw intensity. Once

you drink one of the beverages from them, you will see that they succeed with their vision.
3. GREAT BASIN BREWING COMPANY
Headquartered in Nevada, the Great Basin Brewing Company has been producing amazing beers for
years. Anything you can think of will be here, and it is perfect for a gathering.
2. ANN
Ann is a perfectly brewed beer as it they brilliantly age their beer with French oak wine barrels. This
produces a once in a lifetime flavor, and one you will not be able to get enough of.
1. WISCONSIN BELGIAN RED
With over a pound of cherries, this beverage is brewed in Wisconsin and is the best beer in the
world. Every other flavor pales in comparison to Wisconsin Belgian

The Destruction And Excavation Of Pompeii
The Destruction and excavation of Pompeii
Shea Garrett
October 5 2017
Pamperien
Pompeii was a City in Italy which overall has a great significance in Roman culture. Pompeii was
not famous for its rise or its rule but its destruction. Pompeii was a picture perfect world full of
culture and rich history, It was destroyed in AD 79 by a Volcanic eruption from Mount Vesuvius. It
was a symbol of Roman culture and has a great influence on the future even though it existed so
long ago.
Life in Pompeii was over all serene, in the Italian countryside of Campania. The city was fairly large
and was about five miles southeast of base of Mount Vesuvius. ( Gracco, Tiberio. "Welcome to
Ancient Pompeii.") Pompeii was quite advanced for its time with a ... Show more content on
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The town itself had many temples devoted to their gods. The city even had an amphitheatre, which
is the oldest of its kind dating back to 80 BC. The people of Pompeii had a serene living condition
and well function social classes.
The destruction of Pompeii came about when Mount Vesuvius erupted on August 24 AD 79. This
eruption was not your stereotypical eruption. The mountain exploded in a long smoldering burst of
pumice ash and rock. The eruption covered Pompeii and the neighboring city of Herculaneum in
over thirteen feet of pumice and ash, burning and destroying almost all of the city 's. The eruption
was said to last over twenty four hours. Turning day to night with clouds of dust and ash. ¨100–
miles–per–hour surge of superheated poison gas and pulverized rock–poured down the side of the
mountain and swallowed everything and everyone in its path. (¨History.com Staff. "Pompeii."
History.com.) Around 16,000 people died in the eruption. ("Mount Vesuvius – Italy." ) When Mount
Vesuvius erupted many people were unprepared, just standing and watching the volcano until the
eruption was on top of them. Many people thought it was just a tremor or earthquake before the
mountain exploded and it was too late. Many people did try and escape. Escaping by boat was
impossible, the only real way to escape was to go south away from the volcano. There was mass
panic in the heart of the city and most people didn 't get out in time. ¨Though my shocked

The Eruption Of Mt Vesuvius
In 79 AD, one of the most famous volcano eruptions occurred–the eruption of Mt. Vesuvius. This
volcano dominated the skyline of the Roman city Pompeii. After its eruption, this ancient city, once
bustling with trade, became buried under a thick layer of volcanic ash. The once popular city came
to a halt–it was never rebuilt and almost forgotten about until in the 18th century Pompeii was
rediscovered by archeologists. This town was excavated and provided an amazing and accurate
showing of the everyday life of the Roman people because many people were unintentionally
preserved with little to no time to escape the tragedy. Most people know about the city Pompeii and
its tragic tale. However, not many people are aware of the other cities that ... Show more content on
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The town in its height had amazing temples, a forum, and theater for the enjoyment of the wealthy
visitors. The eruption of the volcano, Vesuvius, began around noon of August 24, 17 AD when the
mountain exploded, sending a 10 mile high cloud of ash, smoke, and rock into the sky. The debris
rained down onto the city for the next day, causing its inhabitants to seek safety along the shore line,
away from the mountain. Many, however, remained in their homes and became trapped there by
both debris and dust clouds. The next morning, those who remained in Pompeii were killed by the
poisonous gasses released by the mountain. Herculaneum, a small town to the northwest of Pompeii,
on the other side of Mount Vesuvius, underwent the same fate as Pompeii, but in a different manner.
At the beginning of the eruption, the town was not greatly affected. An immediate gust of hot ash
and poisonous gas engulfed the city, killing all its inhabitants. After the initial deaths, volcanic
debris, mud, and rock flowed over the city, effectively burying it. Because of the flash like killing of
the Herculeans, their lives were well preserved for archaeologists to later discover in the 1700s. The
evidence found and studied at the different sites destroyed by Vesuvius helps give us a glimpse into
the lives of wealthy Romans–both the physical world they lived in and what they valued. Paul
Roberts, the British Museum's senior curator

Home Can Be A Country
The definition of home is a subjective topic that I will only be able to touch the rim of for the word
goes far beyond what is written. Home can be a lot of different things. Home can mean a whole lot
of things to a whole lot of people. It can be the place the you grew. It can be the place where you
sleep at night. Home can be here and there. Home can quite frankly be anywhere. Home can be a
structured place with a roof and a bed. Home can be a place you just stepped into or in can be a
place you have lived your entire life. Home can be a country, a state, a city, or a street address.
Home can be a person or group of people, and your home consists of wherever they are. Home can
simply be your family. It can be where you are most comfortable or at peace. It can be where your
heart longs to be or where it in the literal since is at. Home can be many different things. So, what is
the definition of home?
The definition of home is first taught to us in early childhood as the idea of it being "a house,
apartment, or other shelter that is the usual residence of a person, family, or household." However, in
early childhood we would just simply say home is my house and the two words were used
interchangeably. When you type into the Google search bar, "home," Google immediately asks
below, "where's home?" It has a slot to type in your address. To Google, home is the location of your
house in which you live. However, in my belief home is not as simple as that. Home is a concept of
where

Laocoon's Influence on Renaissance Artists
The Renaissance was indeed a proud moment in history. It was a time of the revitalization of
antiquity, breakthrough scientific discoveries, and profound, inspirational artwork. The desire and
urge to establish stronger connections with the classical past brought about the search and discovery
of many ancient manuscripts and artworks. One of the most celebrated discoveries occurred during
the height of the Renaissance: The Laocoon. Perhaps one of the world's most famous Hellenistic
sculptures, it was originally located in the palace of Titus. It was then lost for over a thousand years
before its rediscovery in 1506. Pope Julius II immediately acquired it, and displayed it in the Vatican
Museums. The renowned discovery of one of the few ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Trojans accepted the gift, and at night, the Greeks slipped out of the horse and opened the city,
which led to the fall of Troy. Laocoon was a high priest of Troy who warned against accepting the
wooden horse. Frustrated that the Trojans were ignoring his warnings, Laocoon threw a spear at the
giant wooden horse, and spurned the rage of Poseidon (who, along with the other Gods favored the
Greeks) to send giant sea serpents to strangle him.
One of the major significances of the Laocoon Group was the timing and effect of its celebrated
discovery. Prior to its discovery, the only known records of its existence were from ancient
manuscripts and records by Pliny the Elder. Buried underground for over a millennium, the Laocoon
Group emerged once again after its discovery near the baths of Titus in 1506. This was during the
height of the Renaissance, an era of the revitalization of the classics. Due to the strong desire to
possess the great works of antiquity, its discovery was an immediate success. Discovering the
Laocoon was like discovering the Titantic; an ancient treasure finally revealed after endless years of
searching.
Pliny the Elder (23–79) was an ancient author and philosopher who lived from the reign of Nero to
that of Vespasian. His encyclopedia, Natural History, was a collection of much of the known
knowledge of his time. In it, he describes the Laocoon as "a work

Pliny The Elder Analysis
Pliny the Elder (23–79) left medieval and renaissance thinkers with a large assortment of beasts who
shared certain human aspects. This belief in monsters formed part of the basis for European
conceptions of natives in the New World. When Pliny had a thought, idea or something just to put
down he would a document regardless if it was true or not. This leads to the conclusion that he
wasn't always right about what he had written in his natural history. Too much writing lead to Pliny
not being able to check his own work. For this is when social construct was somewhat created as an
idea put into the minds of Greeks and the romans. Ideas such as evil–eyed Illyrians, one–legged
monocoli and animal–human hybrids. He suspected that these monsters

Dear Departmant Of Italian Conservation
Dear Departmant of Italian Conservation
I have written this letter because I have been informed you plan to build a high rise apartment
complex on the sight of the pompeii city. I wish to diswade you from making a choice that will
affect one of the greatest archiolocical dicoveries ever made.
My name is George Fletcher and I over see the mediteranian arciological dicoveries. I work for the
MCPD the Medertaeranion Culteral Preservation Department. Pompeii has given us so much
unwritten history that we would have never known if it wasn't for the city pompeii. The city is a one
of a kind since it has been frozen in time of the very day that mount versuvius erputed. It has given
us nolage on not only the rich and the weathly but also the common person. As a cultural
preservationilist I belive that such a site should be excivated, preseved and on display for the public
to see. This report will tell you some of the things that will be destroyed if you do build a high rise
on the site where pompeii lays. Things like the Architecture and the day to day culture will never be
seen because of something that could have been preveted destroyed them.
This report will contain noladge that we have on the Arcgitecture of some of the local buildings, the
excavations of the bodies and the diet and and eaterys of Pompeii.
Yours truly
George Fletcher
The location of Pompeii and prehistory
Pompeii is situated in the bay of Napels near the city of modern Naples

The Role Of Women In Pompeiian Society
Before uniting the entire Pompeiian society, people first had to come to terms with other individuals
with the same economic standing as themselves. Banquets served as perfect opportunities for
Pompeiians to meet and invoke conversation with people of their same class and status. When
Pompeiians hosted banquets, they would invite people of similar, or the same economic status.
Banquets gave people a chance to discuss news, or any other topic they wished to talk about with
other Pompeiians who they did not see daily. This also served as a way to introduce people to new
ideas and beliefs. Banquets were also opportunities for hosts to flaunt their wealth and luxurious
possessions. Although this does not sound like it encourages unity, ... Show more content on
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Everyone did not necessarily have to have the same beliefs, but rather respect and be able to civilly
discuss their ideals and beliefs with the people around them Elections were held annually for
Pompeii's two most desirable and hard to achieve positions in office: the duoviri and aediles. The
duoviri had a leadership role, and would perform tasks such as conducting the census, while the
aediles would plan gladiator and animal fights, and had more simple tasks such as overseeing the
public baths and sanitary levels of the streets of Pompeii. These simple roles that were done by the
aediles helped promote unity in Pompeii since they helped people gather in a common area. Since
elections were held often, this gave Pompeiians an opportunity to frequently discuss their political
beliefs with each other. When discussing, they could be open to other opposing viewpoints, and take
these opinions into consideration. In Pompeii, the duoviri and aediles were elected to the
government, which means that the citizens of Pompeii had to vote for candidates that they thought
would fit the position. Even this system of government promoted unity among beliefs in Pompeii
since it required people to input their opinions, and agree on a candidate that was best fit to rule the
city. A person in Pompeii who wrote letters and talked about everything from daily life to politics
and beliefs was Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus, better

Comparative Analysis Of ' The Last Days Of Pompeii '
Comparative Analysis of The Last Days of Pompeii
The eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 A.D. is one of the most infamous volcanic eruptions in
history. During this explosion, the city of Pompeii was completely buried in roughly nine feet of
volcanic pumice and ash. As an established city of Ancient Rome, the apparent destruction of
Pompeii sent shockwaves throughout Italy and it is still of great fascination today. The tale of what
happened has been adapted throughout history from the eye witness account of Pliny the Younger, to
a book, and several film adaptions. The Last Days of Pompeii is one of such film adaptions. This
movie was adapted from a fictional book of the same name that was written by Edward Bulwer
Lytton in the 1800's. It ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The first sign of major seismic activity occurred
"when a massive earthquake struck on 5th of February 62 CE. The quake measured 7.5 on the
Richter scale and devastated the surrounding towns" (Pompeii).
In the following seventeen years lower scale seismic quakes became regular and came as relatively
unnoticed to the populations of the towns surrounding the mountain. The movie portrays this
desolation of Pompeii to be an act of God to save his Christian followers who are being persecuted.
However, this dramatic liberty that Hollywood takes had a monetary purpose behind it. The biblical
market at the time of filming was popular in wake of The Ten Commandments success in 1956.
Therefore, by emphasizing this religious sub plot, the movie stood to have more success.
Historical accuracy of this sub plot is difficult to prove. In the years leading up to the eruption,
Christianity
"was sharply at odds with the polytheism prevalent throughout the empire. Thus, Nero fixed on the
Christians when he needed a scapegoat after the great fire of Rome in 64. His brutality created some
of Christianity's first martyrs and unintentionally strengthened the new religion" (211)
This intense stance that the Roman Empire took against this monotheistic religion makes it difficult
to positively say that Christians were in Pompeii. Little evidence has been found linking the religion
to the city. Followers of

Pliny The Elder Summary
INDUSTRY'S KNOWLEDGE OF THE HARMFUL EFFECTS
Numerous authors believe that the risks associated with asbestos exposure were known more than
2000 years ago when Greek Geographer Strabo pointed out that slaves who wove asbestos into
clothes developed a 'sickness of the lung' and that a similar observation was also made on asbestos
miners, by Pliny the Elder, a Roman naturalist.3,9,120 However, Browne et al describes Strabo's and
Pliny's stories to be inaccurate due to mistranslation. He points out that Strabo was referring to
arsenic disulphide, and that Elder Pliny was referring to sulphide of mercury, and not asbestos.121
Regardless of the accuracy of these anecdotes, there is a myriad of evidence of early knowledge of
asbestos's health danger. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Daniel Jenkins, testified for the asbestos–insulation manufacturers for several years. Also, Dr. Leary,
a physician specialized in chest diseases who worked for Travelers Insurance Company, diagnosed
Tomplait with emphysema, and did not mention asbestosis. Leary's finding was completely refuted
when Dr. Selikoff reviewed Tomplait's X–rays and said that his diagnosis of extensive pulmonary
asbestosis is "as certain as anything can be in medicine". Asbestos manufacturing companies and
their lawyer similarly, denied knowledge of the association between asbestos exposure and lung
disease, and argued consistently in every lawsuit that this association wasn't known until Selikoff's
landmark article that was published in 1964. It was made conspicuous, however, that "literally
hundreds of studies were published" in the 1920s and 1930s on the association between asbestos
exposure and asbestosis. Stephenson was also able to compile a bibliography of 86 articles on
asbestosis most of them published before 1938. Another example of the unethical conduct was what
Dr. Cooper (an occupational health professor) said about not being able to have known that a 15%
asbestos product would be unsafe in 1961, and that the early studies conducted in England, were on
workers who were exposed to a lot heavier asbestos dust. Dr. Cooper also referred to a study
conducted in 1945 by Fleisher et al that found low incidence (0.3%) of asbestosis among asbestos
pipe covers (3 out of 1074). Despite the low incidence, the authors recommended the use of exhaust
ventilation and to keep the total dust concentration low. In Fleisher's study125, the majority (95%)
of workers had been employed for less than 10 years, way less than the needed latency period to
develop the disease. It is also a

Pliny Chapter Summaries
Summary: In book IX of Natural History, Pliny speaks about fishes and other marine animals. And
in this passage , he describes different types of shell–fish along with the contributions of some types
to luxury and corruption. In the beginning of this passage, Pliny starts off by speaking about sea–
urchins where he describes them as creatures with spines that can only go forward by rolling over
their spines. Which explains why they are often found with worn–off spines. According to Pliny,
Echinus cidaris is the name of sea–urchins with the longest spines and those with the smallest spines
are called cups. Sea–urchins lay bitter–tasting eggs in clutches of five, and they have different
transparent colors after they hatch. For example, in the district of Torone, some sea–urchins are
colored white with ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, there is another method that sea–urchins can move, and that is using their tube feet ("Sea
urchin," 2016). This evidence debunks Pliny's claim that the movement of sea–urchins is only
limited by them rolling over their spines. Another claim that Pliny wrote in this passage was that
sea–urchins can forecast a sea storm where they respond by clutching to stones for stability.
Unfortunately, there is no clear scientific evidence supporting the forecasting claim about sea–
urchins. However, Pliny's claim regarding sailors using that behavior of the sea–urchins as a sign to
prepare for rough waves was reported on several occasions as part of folklore (Copenhaver, 2015) .
Later in this passage, when Pliny was speaking about snails in section 101, he mentioned that they
belong to the same family as sea–urchins. However, according to modern taxonomic research, sea–
urchins and snails belong to different phyla, and therefore Pliny's claim is debunked as they thus
cannot belong to the same taxonomical family ("Sea urchin," 2016)

Robert Harris Pompeii's Volcanic Explosion
In 79 AD, Mount Vesuvius in Italy was subjected to a massive volcanic explosion that was perhaps a
hundred thousand times worse than the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima by the United States
during World War II. The eruption put to rest the city of Pompeii along with other neighboring cities
and killing thousands of Roman citizens and its slaves in one of the worst volcanic disasters in
human history. In Pompeii, Robert Harris reproduces the Roman world with flawless effort while
drawing parallels between modern America and the Roman world. At the same time, these two
powerful countries existing centuries apart are dissimilar in a plethora of ways starting with the
governments and the daily routines of life. One way in which the Roman

Mount Vesuvius In Bastille's Song 'Pompeii'
Have you ever been chased by lava? Most people have not. Of course they aren't the people of
Pompeii. The song "Pompeii," by Bastille, gives them an idea of the almost unbelievable story of the
eruption of Mount Vesuvius in Pompeii. Anyone can imagine the panic on August 24, 79 AD as Dan
Smith shows it in the official music video to "Pompeii" by Bastille. To begin with, the song tells a
story. The song is about a man, Dan Smith, who is running away in various locations in California.
He is trying to escape before he gets black eyes. This relates to the eruption of Mount Vesuvius
because the people of Pompeii were doing everything they could to get away from the lava. The
song says, "Great clouds roll over the hills. Bringing darkness from above." (paragraph 2 ,
azlyrics.com) In other words, the darkness from above was the lava coming from Mount Vesuvius .
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Thousands of years ago, Mount Vesuvius erupted. As imagined, the people of Pompeii were terrified
and didn't know what to do. Some people either escaped or got caught up in the destruction. The
eruption lasted 24 hours so anything could have happened in that long period of time. After the
tragic event, loved ones were gone. This affected the people of Pompeii. As a result, "Pompeii" by
Bastille affects everyone today because they understand that they shouldn't take everything for
granted. The song says, "But if you close your eyes, does it almost feel like nothing changed at all."
(Paragraph 3, azlyrics.com) This shows the people looking back at the destruction and missing
everything they lost. The song reached number 2 in the UK's single chart. Many people listen to the
song because the story reminds them of real people, like us, losing everything. Today the song is
popular and all kinds of people enjoy listening to

Basilisk Research Paper
A basilisk is a creature in mythology known as the "king of serpents" ("Basilisk Mythology"). A
basilisk is a serpent born from a toad or serpent's egg incubated under a rooster (Geller). It has body
parts from both serpents and roosters (Geller). It has scaly wings and the head and legs of a chicken
(Geller). The basilisk is known for its ability to kill with just a glance (Geller). Its breath and venom
are both so strong that they can kill people, burn plants, and set birds on fire (Geller). All creatures
avoid the basilisk at all costs, since any encounter will almost certainly result in death (Geller).
However, the basilisk does have weaknesses (Geller). Weasels are not affected by the venom or gaze
of a basilisk (Geller). People also found ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"Basilisk Mythology." Basilisk Mythology – The King of Serpents, Royal Mint Publishing, 10 Oct.
2004, www.gods–and–monsters.com/basilisk–mythology.html. Dash, Mike. "On the Trail of the
Warsaw Basilisk." Smithsonian.com, Smithsonian Institution, 23 July 2012,
www.smithsonianmag.com/history/on–the–trail–of–the–warsaw–basilisk–5691840/. Geller.
"Basilisk." Mythology.net, Mythology.net, 14 Nov. 2016, mythology.net/mythical–
creatures/basilisk/. Pliny the Elder. The Nature of the Terrestrial Animals. Rome, 79 AD. Pliny the
Elder, The Natural History, Perseus Digital Library, 1855, perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?
doc=urn:cts:latinLit:phi0978.phi001.perseus–eng1:8.33. Accessed 28 May

Of Monsters and Monks: A Comparison
The characteristics and actions of monks provide an insightful look into how human society
perceived their relationship with these men of Christian faith, a common notion or view of them as
monsters. Monsters can be defined as a cultural body, an expression of a culture's anxieties, what is
unknown to them, and the fears they have. Monsters usually have very distinct physical
characteristics, which include unnatural strength, a considerable amount of unkempt hair, and an
unusual appearance associated with conditions such as gigantism and hybridism. Although civilized,
monsters usually struggle with the reemergence of their inner wildness, particularly as seen in
stories of Enkidu, Gilgamesh, and Samson from the bible. Monsters often emerge in the periphery of
human society, where outside these borders, as described by writers such as Herodotus and Pliny,
the unknown people take on the forms of monsters. In the outskirts of civilization, monks began
appearing during the age of pagan and Christian antiquity. From the beginning of Christianity very
serious individuals of the faith sought to avoid the sinfulness of their societies by completely
denouncing it and abstaining from social contact. Monks became these individuals who departed
from structured society to live in the periphery as wild men. The lore and the known truths that
surrounded these monks allowed for human society at that time to speculate on whether these
individuals embodied the concept of monsters. As evident

Essay about The History and Destruction of Vesuvius and...
Pompeii was a great city in ancient Rome that was abruptly destroyed when the seemingly harmless
and docile Mt. Vesuvius unexpectedly erupted destroying the city of Pompeii and the bordering city
of Herculaneum. Before this tragedy struck Pompeii was a very wealthy city and a staple of Roman
culture. Located just 10 Kilometers from Mount Vesuvius, Pompeii appeared to be nothing more
than a wealthy city with a view of great mountain until its one defining moment in history changed
everything. Where you could once find a beacon of life and culture you can now only find deserted
buildings and plaster casts of the casualties caused by the eruption of Mt. Vesuvius. When the ruins
of Pompeii were discovered we as a culture were exposed to a ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Pompeii was also the host to oldest amphitheater that has been found anywhere as it dates back to 70
B.C.E. It held upward of 2,000 people and was a site that was primarily used to host gladiatorial
fights as well as victory celebrations. One of the buildings found when Pompeii was discovered was
the workshop of Verecundus. In this workshop archaeologists found a painting of the Venus. The
picture depicts Venus, who was the city's patron saint, helping to guide a ship into the city safely.
This was important to the residents of Pompeii because sea trading was a very important part of
their lives due to their location on the River Sarno. Pompeii also featured a large bath house, which
at this point in time was a staple of Roman cities everywhere. What made the bath house in Pompeii
so special was the inclusion of a large courtyard. This courtyard was used for physical exercise and
training and was the main core of the original building (Guzzo 132). At the time of the Mt. Vesuvius
eruption, Pompeii had been no stranger to the wrath of Earth's natural disasters. On February 5 62
C.E., on a holiday dedicated to celebrating Augustus as the father of Rome, there was a devastating
earthquake that caused amazing amounts of damage to the city leaving it in near ruins. Due to the
celebrations that were occurring there were many oil lamps and other decorations around and well
the oil

Cultural Changes During The Classical Civilization
History is often a term that comes up with reference to the Classical Civilization. Although, history
by definition is the study of past events, history defines and set a tone for the societies that grew and
developed over time. Throughout the early struggles in time, the concept of change brought about
many problems as well as solutions. During the Classical Civilization, civilization like Rome,China,
and the Greece experienced prosperity, as a result leading to the demise of certain aspects of the
society. In addition, Rome, China, and Greece impact on trade influenced the development of the
early societies with varying degrees in success.
Trade encouraged the influx in prosperity and trade in China. In other words, trade was major aspect
of the early Chinese society as it made up majority of Chinese economy. For example, the Silk Road
located in China enabled for trade to happen from Asia to Europe. As stated by the National
Geographic, "The Silk Road allowed for trade goods such as silk, cloth and clothing, as well as
spices to spread from China to India, Arabia, Persia, Egypt, and extended all the way to Europe."
This Silk Road not only increased the trades occurring in the Ancient World but it also allow
Chinese products to permeate throughout. This trade in China and its connection to the silk road also
encourage means of cultural diffusion. "Trade goods produced in China were cloth and clothing,
spices, and silk" as stated by National Geographic. This demonstrates

Mt Vesuvius Research Paper
There is no possible way the image above will help historians better understand the events following
the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 A.D. First of all, this picture was of before the volcano
erupted, when the clouds of hot ash were billowing above this city of Pompeii. Any ideas that
historians came up with ――from just looking at this picture―― about the events following the
eruption of Mount Vesuvius, would be inferences, because it is impossible to get information about
what happened after the eruption of Mount Vesuvius from looking at a picture of what the city of
Pompeii looked like before the eruption. This image is a secondary source, since it computer
generated, and they didn't have computers at the time of Pompeii. A primary

The Rise Of Christianity During The Roman Empire
The rise of Christianity in the Roman Empire, was by far not a simple one. The Roman Empire was
generally quite tolerant in the treatment of other religions. So why did they persecute the Christians,
and how did this all begin? These persecutions mainly started in 64 A.D when a great fire broke out
under the rule of Emperor Nero. In order to deflect the public 's opinion on him, he blamed the
Christians and this blame then allowed, and paved way for the aggressive persecutions of Christians
in the Roman Empire for the next two centuries. After Nero, the first imperial persecutor, then
comes in the age of Trajan (98–117 A.D.). After receiving a letter from Pliny the Younger, the
governor of Bithynia in the north of Asia Minor, to the Emperor Trajan, tells us about the view and
executions of Christians in his province. This primary source holds to be very valuable when
researching the relationship the Pagan Romans had with the Christians. All throughout the history of
the Roman Empire, Christians have been persecuted and treated terribly due to the view of them as
mysterious or "unknown". The view of the Christians was mainly due to the ethnocentrism that went
on in Rome during this time. Persecution was inevitable for these Christians and went on for
centuries. The accusations they received were that they were atheists, cannibals, practiced incest,
and all together these accusations showed how misunderstood the Christians really were. As a result
of Trajan's laws on the

Ancient Roman Wine America
When comparing Ancient Rome with the twentieth and twenty–first century United States, the
importance of alcohol, and more specifically wine, to both societies cannot be understated. For
Ancient Rome, "wine was the beverage of choice" (Bush, 573). Meanwhile, the United States, in
2014, led the world in wine consumption (Wine America). However, the similarities between each
society's intake of wine is more nuanced than just consumption, as James F. Bush explores in his
article, "By Hercules – The More Common the Wine, the More Wholesome! – Science and the
Adulteration of Food and Other Natural Products in Ancient Rome". Bush, by contextualizing the
works of various Romans including Pliny the Elder, Cato the Elder, and Dioscorides, is able to offer
insight into the Roman contamination of food, beverages, and cosmetics. The juxtaposition between
the means and motivations for ancient Roman wine adulteration and the current food and beverage
market in the United States illuminates a startling number of similarities. It is first important to
understand why the Ancient Romans modified their wines. The simplest and arguably most common
explanation is the flavoring of wine. Wine was often too strong for consumption, and therefore was
watered down in different ratios to achieve a suitable dilution and taste. Pliny describes recipes of
wine and water, namely "combining 10 quarts of white must, ... ... Show more content on
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Whether for flavoring, dilution, or economic fraud, the adulteration of wine was and is
commonplace. What stands out is the adaptation of society to overcome the challenges faced with
contamination. As technology and medicine advanced, our society implemented regulations to curb
the illegal tampering of food and wine. However, despite the adaptation of such policies and
agencies, the altering of wines and foods for flavoring and economic fraud has remained a

The Eruption Of The Volcano
On August 24th AD 79 Mount Vesuvius violently erupted and buried the cities of Pompeii and
Herculaneum. The eruption of the volcano was recorded by one of the only surviving eyewitnesses
Pliny the Younger. He described the start of the eruption like this: "On August in the early afternoon,
my mother drew his attention to a cloud of unusual size and appearance...its general appearance can
best be expressed as being like an umbrella pine, for it rose to a great height on a sort of trunk and
then split off into branches, I imagine because it was thrust upwards by the first blast and then left
unsupported as the pressure subsided." (Pliny the Younger, trans Betty Radice in August 30 1963).
In the evening of the same day pumice began to fall form the sky. The streets of Pompeii and
Herculaneum started to get covered by a layer of ash and pumice. The smoke from the eruption was
so high that it started to block out the sun. "Ashes were already falling, hotter and thicker as the
ships drew near, followed by bits of pumice and blackened stones, charred and cracked the flames."
(Pliny the Younger, trans Betty Radice in August 30 1963). Around midnight the pyroclastic surges
started. A pyroclastic surge is an avalanche of pumice, rock, hot ash and volcanic gas, which rushes
down the side of the volcano at 100 km/hour or faster. In the map, we can see the locations of
Pompeii and Herculaneum in comparison to Mount Vesuvius. Herculaneum was 6 km from the foot
of Vesuvius, whilst Pompeii

Cause Of Pompei Earthquake
Pompeii
T he city of Pompeii was recovering from an earthquake in 63 AD when Mount Vesuvius erupted
killing nearly 2,000 people initially and nearly 10,000 more in the 25 hour darkness that ensured.
The city was rebuilding and from the view of Pliny the Younger the plume of smoke looked like a
Mediterranean pine tree that was miles high and wide Pliny's uncle Pliny the Elder was killed by
volcanic rock while trying to save people from Pompeii. The volcano is considered the most
dangerous one in the world even though people still build around the volcano and unlike those that
suffered Pompeii was never rebuilt it is a very big tourist attraction though. The buildings and items
were preserved very well because of the ash and pumice.

Pliny The Younger Mount Vesuvius
Roman Literature Writing Assignment
"Vesuvius is the only active volcano in mainland Europe, and has produced some of the continent's
largest volcanic eruptions." (Ball). In 79 A.D. Vesuvius erupted for the first time destroying Pompeii
and killing a lot of people. Pliny the Younger's writing is still read today as a historical writing over
the eruption of Vesuvius. With Pliny the Younger being Pliny the Elder's nephew the family relation
may lead the writing one way more than the other. Even though Pliny the Younger made Pliny the
Elder seem like a hero, Pliny the Elder could have went over to the volcano because of his curiosity.
Mount Vesuvius stood 6, 500 feet high, and the first time the volcano erupted to our knowledge was
in 79 AD. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He makes it seem like his uncle did completely to help the people. He does not mention much about
his uncle and his encyclopedia or that he was a naturalist. Pliny the Younger does say in the
beginning of the second paragraph, "My uncle was stationed at Misenum , in active command of the
fleet.". That is how he starts the second paragraph. He makes sure you know that he is on a fleet and
makes that first thing you read in the paragraph. When Pliny the Elder ordered for a boat to be made
ready after seeing what was going on, Pliny the Younger makes it seems like he need it out of want
to help. Pliny the Elder was not sure what was going on, he did it out of curiosity wanting to get a
closer look. Later in the story Pliny the younger wrote, "He changed his plans, and what he had
begun in a spirit of inquiry he completed as a hero.". He literally calls him a hero. Pliny the Elder
was Pliny the Younger's uncle and because of the family connection he wants to see his uncle as
heroic and not going over for selfish reasons. With his uncle dying this way he may be telling
himself his uncle died being a hero to help with the pain. It may be easier to deal with the deal
thinking it was out of heroic action and not out of selfish

Descriptive Essay
The following morning, a Portkey deposited Fleur at the iron gate protecting Hogwarts School of
Wizardry and Witchcraft. She made her way to her apartment where a small but well–placed living
room featured a large window overlooking Hogwarts' Quidditch pitch and a fireplace built into a
bordering wall. A bookcase, end table, couch, and two plush chairs filled the room. To Fleur's left, a
kitchenette snuggled aside a short hallway leading to her bathroom and bedroom. She began
immediately and worked late into the night emptying her trunks and organizing teaching notes.
Around midnight, she climbed into bed, exhausted. A few seconds later, she stood in a familiar
forest, catching snippets of a familiar voice . . . "Papa?" Fleur's heart ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
She loved the ornate room–although it smelled of dust, and the fireplace situated behind her lectern
made it perfect. An intimate teaching environment coupled with its warmth might just make the
English winter bearable . . . or was this Scotland? Britain? The United Kingdom? Why did a single
island need so many stupid names? Twenty minutes later, six large–scale tapestries representing the
traditional groupings of non–human sentient beings hung from the walls, one between each beam.
The Vehomin tapestry hung to her right, and dotting the walls were examples of the class, including
pictures of vampires, ghosts, and werewolves. The door opened behind her. "Hem, hem." Fleur spun
to find an overweight witch dressed in hideous green robes filling the door frame. "Bonjour." The
witch's forehead wrinkled, lines growing even deeper as she studied the tapestries. "A class on
creatures with near–human intelligence . . ." "Excuse me, Madame"–Fleur tried her best to keep her
voice neutral–"but zhe proper title of this class is Non–human Sentient Beings, they are not
creatures. Many of these beings surpass zhe average wizard in intelligence." "Pish–posh." The witch
continued gazing at the tapestries. "I understand you must reassure yourself of that every chance you
get. But, as a Ministry representative, I request you refrain

Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus 's Contributions
Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus was born around AD 70, and by the early 90s he had moved to Rome
and thus begun his scholarly studies that became one of his chief occupations (Rives xviii). Here in
Rome he acquired his patron and benefactor, Gaius Plinius Secundus, who had a very successful
public career and was known well for his collection of letters that Suetonius makes his first
appearance in, as an advocate (xviii). Plinius remained his benefactor for fifteen years; from his
letters we can see that Suetonius had an interest in pursuing a public career (xviii) and that he had a
great interest in scholarly and literary pursuits (xix). The fullest account of his scholarly works are
found in a work entitled, Suda, a Byzantine encyclopedia ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
It is clear that Suetonius favored Augustus over the other Caesars, and in large part due this is due to
his more thoughtful, and responsible use of his power and army. "Yet Augustus never wantonly
invaded any country, and felt no temptation to increase the boundaries of the empire or enhance his
military glory..." (Suetonius 53). Clearly Augustus was not greedy with his power and felt no urge or
need to extend his power or to greater his military power, he valued and favored peace, fairness, and
wisdom; which is clearly shown here,"Even when tribes rebelled frequently or showed particular ill
faith, Augustus' most severe punishment was to sell as slaves the prisoners he took..." (54). "The two
faults in which we condemned most strongly in a military commander were haste and recklessness"
(56). This thoughtfulness and wisdom earned Augustus high honor in Suetonius report in regard to
his Military skills. In sharp contrast to Augustus; Caligula had an urge for war, a desire for it to
happen if you may. "The prosperity of his own reign, he said, would lead to it 's being wholly
forgotten, and he often prayed for a great military catastrophe..,"(162). He once, at the realization
that the chance for war were slim to none for him, ordered a few German prisoners to be taken
across the Rhine and hidden in the trees, after lunch his scouts

The Evolution Of Western Civilization Essay
I. Introduction: The evolution of Western Civilization from 400 BCE to 1200 BCE is rife with
extremes. Through the works of Plato, Pliny the Elder, and St. Benedict, conflicting ideas and ideals
are evident. While Plato and much of Greek elite culture believed in always questioning and relying
on philosophy, Roman authors such as Pliny and St. Benedict rebuked questioning the existence of
deities. Contradictions appear between Pliny the Elder and St. Benedict as well. Pliny recognizes the
religious belief of many gods, but never begs the reality of one over another. St, Benedict requires a
strict adherence to the belief of one god of his specific denomination of Christian faith. The conflicts
here motivated the evolution of Western Civilization by supplying new ways of thinking and new
cultural ideas over time.
II. Key Definitions:
The definitions here are not listed for general knowledge, but for specific context to the information
included here.
1. Elite: In many early Greek and Roman cultures, few citizens knew how to read or write. The
literate members of the community held high status, usually through royalty or a church or
monastery. The literate wrote only for those who were literate or had literate staff to recite the
written works. These are the elite members of society.
2. God: The three authors cited here have vastly differing ideas of the god or gods they do or do not
revere. Plato, as a Greek writer, believed in many gods. Specifically his work, Symposium,

Geography Of Strabo
The Geography of Strabo (50 B.C. – 21 A.D.) is another source of the Arsacids' history within which
Strabo mentions matters of Arsacids' kingdom and their reigns in the fifteenth and sixteenth books
(Selections from Strabo) (Tozer 1893, 41). Also, Strabo in his writings had used the book of
"Parthica" which was written by Apollodorus ( is currently unavailable) (Strabo 1960–1969, 5). The
information furnished by Plutarch in his "Lives" especially those of Crassus and Antony, was based
on the main sources. He presented his book as an important description of Roman battles, especially,
the battle of Carrhae. This information provides the most extensively connected narratives on
Arsacid history (Plutarch 1841, 30). In addition to these three

Inhuman Treatment of Slaves in Ancient Rome Essay
Previous Roman actions have raised the question whether they recognized their slaves as things or
people. Of course, there are economic advantages in support of slavery. However, when human lives
are under constant danger and torture, the economic advantages must be forgotten. Although the
slaves of Ancient Rome played a pivotal role in the society, their actions were never approved. After
careful consideration, it is evident that the Romans recognized slaves as things rather than people.
This conception is mainly due to three factors. They include: slaves being put on the market, the
physical cruelty towards the slaves, and the slaves being mistreated to the point of revolt. First,
slaves were treated as things rather than people due to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Adding onto the point where slaves were put on the market like things, slaves were also
discriminated due to their previous nationality. Both of these actions illustrate inhuman behaviour by
the Ancient Romans. In addition to buying and selling slaves, there is one more option which tops
off these poor choices. In Ancient Rome, one was also able to rent a slave. This is renting a human
being. Renting tools or horses was ordinary but renting another person just exemplifies how Romans
treated slaves as things, rather than people. The physical cruelty portrayed to the Roman slaves also
supports how they were treated as things, and not human beings. The beating and cruelty involved in
slavery comes to no surprise when mentioning Ancient Rome. Slaves were of course punished for
critical mistakes, but they were also punished to the highest degree for minor mistakes. For example,
in a passage by Martial it says, "You say, Rufus, that your rabbit has not been cooked well, and you
call for a whip. You prefer to cut up your cook, rather than your rabbit" . Here, a slave is whipped
fiercely, simply because the rabbit was not cooked well enough. With this in mind, it is evident that
slaves were mistreated even due to the slightest mistakes. Next, it is hard to believe that some slave
owners performed methods of punishing their slaves in this matter. Pliny the Elder describes Vedius
Pollio's actions as, "He used to toss slaves sentenced to death into ponds of

The Day Vesuvius Spoke
Jupiter was not pleased for Vesuvius had awakened after centuries of fuming quietly and mustering
it's strength to one day expel all of its anger that lie dormant beneath the surface. Mount Vesuvius
showered us in rage. Clouds of darkness barreled in and crowded the sky, ash rained from the
heavens, and fire engulfed the city. A day such as this could only be described as Hell on Earth. For
most, this was the beginning of the end.
I was awakened by the violent shake of our house and the smell of smoke that hung in the air nearly
suffocating me. Horror stricken I raced out of bed to the window to see everything covered in ash
and the only thing I could hear were the shrill screams and cries of my neighbors. I made my way
into the atrium only to find my mother weeping into her hands. I haven't seen her so distraught since
the day Papa died; her hair was disheveled, she was still in her night clothing, and there was no sign
of breakfast anywhere. "Mother, what is it?" I began to panic for fear of what she might say and
with every moment of silence that passed fear filled my heart and tears began to form. "It is
Vesuvius, he has been disturbed. The Gods are not pleased with our people we all shall soon perish.
Emperor Titus has fled to a land in the far east and left us defenseless." Her face was white and her
eyes appeared as though she had spent all morning grieving the inevitable. Before I could speak
there was a knock at the door.
Brutus, one of our neighbors and

History Of Natural History By Pliny
Introduction In this paper I will illustrate five different topics that I was assigned in Natural History
by Pliny. In those sections Pliny talks about the womb, animals which have suet, the marrow, bones
and the nerve. Furthermore, the paper will also include a short biographical section on who Pliny
was, and an assessment of whether or not he is advancing further knowledge on the subject or
merely repeating what he has heard. Summary The 11th book, volume 2 of the naturalis historia
begins with an elaborate description of the womb. According to Pliny, every woman and some
animals share the same organs. The one that they are most in common with is the womb or uterus, in
other words, it can be called the other parts or the matrix (LXXXIV 209). He stated that in the viper
and some other animals the womb is double and the oviparous womb is held in the diaphragm.
However, animals like the cow carry their young in the right cavity even if they are twins. It is best
believed that sow's paunch is the best dish to eat after a miscarriage (LXXXIV 211). Also, the
paunch of an old sow is more preferable, but it should be taken before it wore out. In section
LXXXV, Pliny compares animals which have suet and animals which do not grow fat. According to
Pliny, there are two ways which animals form fat. He first illustrates animals that put on fat in the
form of suet have horns, teeth and pastern bones in the feet. Then later describe animals that put on
fat in the form of grease;

Mount Vesuvius Analysis
AS 91202.
Demonstrate understanding of a significant event in the classical world.
In 79 AD the towns of Pompeii and Herculaneum were destroyed by the eruption of Mount
Vesuvius.
Mount Vesuvius is a stratovolcano which means its eruptions typically involve explosive eruptions
as well as a pyroclastic flow. When the volcano erupted it launched tonnes of molten ash and
pumice into the atmosphere which then fell on the towns burying them and the people inside them
under about five metres of ash. The pyroclastic flow itself only reached the town of Herculaneum
and not Pompeii.
Mount Vesuvius has erupted many times in the past in classical times as well as within the last few
centuries. The 79 AD eruption was a plinian eruption. We know this ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Julia Felix was a wealthy woman who after the earthquake in 62 AD, converted part of her villa into
apartments which she rented out to families who may have lost their homes and therefore gives us
insight into the lives of many different families that lived there. The paintings on the walls of the
villa such as the one to the left, show us daily life in Pompeii, schools, markets, even more
information about what it might have been like in Pompeii back then.
The way the people in Pompeii decorated and made their houses tells us a lot about the kind of
people they were and the lives they lead. Wall paintings such as the one to the left, as well as
mosaics preserved by the ash show us mostly mythological scenes but even these show us certain
elements of life in Pompeii and Herculaneum such as furniture, clothing, food and leisure activities
even if the figure in question was a god or goddess. As both Pompeii and Herculaneum were a part
of the Roman Empire we can conclude that the style of houses and decorations would be similar
throughout the entire Roman Empire.
Religion in Pompeii and Herculaneum, as well as the rest of the Roman Empire, was very

The Siege Of Jerusalem, Pompeii, Herculaneum, And Jerusalem
City configuration was a big contributor to the vulnerability of Rome, Pompeii, Herculaneum, and
Jerusalem as well as the social importance of class and rule in their leaders. Nero in Rome and Titus
during the Siege of Jerusalem cared for themselves and their materialistic values rather than the
lives of others. Consequently, their people and cities were torn apart. Similarly in 2011, the
Fukushima nuclear disaster effected the city in Japan severely. They withheld important information
regarding the nuclear explosions and radiation because they wanted to save face and avoid the
consequences. Japan and the company in charge, TEPCO, put themselves above the lives of the
people in Japan just like Titus and Nero did in Rome and Jerusalem. In his letters to Atticus, Cicero
frequently wrote about the social and political life in Rome. We get a great idea of what the Roman
Republic was like with his speeches, books, but specifically his letters. He enjoyed writing to
Atticus about the problems he saw with the government and complained to him about the officials
and inherited wealth of Roman men. If he was alive during the time of Nero's rule we would expect
to read and see letters to his friends about Nero's wealth and incapability to rule. Cicero would have
been enraged with him about the Great Fire of Rome just as Pliny, Suetonius, and Dio Cassius were.
According to one article by Keresztes, "Of the earliest surviving sources, Pliny the Elder, Suetonius
and Dio Cassius all,

To Pliny Posterity Is Everything Analysis
To Pliny posterity is everything. He is very consciously writing at a time and within a social circle
very aware of historiography , and consequently how their era, friends, and own actions might be
viewed by future generations. The construction of history is often an essential part of cultural
identity , and Roman elite life consisted of constantly affirming their cultural identity and its
superiority to any other way of living. Sources , collecting Greek historians. It is interesting to note
the tension between the standard belief of declining ages, stating that the contemporary era is the
most decayed and least moral era that has ever been , and the equally standard assertions that the
Roman Empire is the greatest nation in the world, Rome ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
In April 55 he writes a "thoroughly brazen" letter to L. Lucceius requesting a detailed history
centring on Cicero's consulship, covering his handling of the Catalinarian conspiracy, exile, and
return to power, in addition to the more general biography that was apparently already underway. He
is explicit and straightforward in stating that his motivation is in "the thought that posterity will talk
of me and the hope, one might say, of immortality", but given the time of writing and the unctuous
references to the high opinion Cicero and Lucceius hold of each other, it is likely that Cicero also
wanted to benefit from having his praises sung while some form of public career could still be
salvaged, made wary by the very ups and downs in reputation and accordingly fortune that the
proposed history would aim to cover. Having excused his blatant entreaty by acknowledging it,
Cicero brings to bear all his most transparent flattery for the sake of persuasion in a letter of
considerable length. He references his admiration for Lucceius' literary performances in the
language of a lover, claiming he is all "blushes", "captivated and enkindled", with a "burning desire"
to be a historical subject for his friend's work. Like Pliny, he suggests that writing to his suggestion
would ease the "burden" of the historian's heavy workload, and wholly altruistically

What Is Pompeii?
On a hot summer day the 24th of August 79 A.D., a city in the Roman Empire faced massive
destruction and death from an erupting volcano changing life and the course of History and Science
forever. The ancient city of Pompeii (founded by the Oscans in the 7th century B.C. located near
present day Naples, Italy) along with 2,000 (or more) of its inhabitants perished when the nearby
volcano Vesuvius erupted spilling pumice, rock and ash everywhere in its proximity burying the city
and its people within less than a day. Pompeii disappeared from the surface of the earth for the next
1,500 years as the land around Vesuvius became uninhabitable from more and more eruptions. How
was Pompeii discovered? What would happen if Mount Vesuvius never ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Pompeii today is a popular tourist site with millions of people visiting every year. The well
preserved buildings, artworks, and even dead bodies lead people today on how life was like back
then. The buildings showed how Roman architecture and design was and the artwork showed us
much of their culture and way of life as many of them were based off. The eruption of Mount
Vesuvius forever changed the course of History due to the preservation and discovery of a city it
destroyed allowing modern day archaeologists and scientists to study its hidden

Pliny The Elder Research Paper
A distinguished military veteran and dedicated historian, Pliny the Elder's work provides us with
aspects of everyday life in Ancient Rome, and is a valuable source for knowledge on the state of
science in that time. Gaius Plinius Secundus, better known as Pliny the Elder to distinguish himself
from his nephew, Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus, wrote as a naturalist, biographer, and historian.
Around 79 A.D, Pliny died during the eruption of Vesuvius which decimated Pompeii and
Herculaneum, his nephew wrote of these events in his letters to Tacitus . Throughout his lifetime,
Pliny obtained many military positions in the government, including administrator of Equestrian
Rank and Procurator of Africa. Nero, whom Pliny did not support and thoroughly ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
The first printed edition appeared in 1469. Since then, editions vary widely in what is omitted and
how the Latin is translated . Most of his spare time was spent personally investigating the
information on geography and natural phenomena that would be recorded in his encyclopaedia.
Pliny had a set reader audience for Natural History; evidence is found in his preface of the book,
where he states that it is not intended for the general reader and was designed for utility, not
entertainment . Pliny's purpose in writing the Natural History was to cover all learning and art so far
as they are connected with nature or draw their materials from nature. Pliny's Natural History is still
agreed on today to be a valuable anthropological source, though most critics still focus on where
Pliny obtained his sources than anything

Creative Writing: The Whole City Of Pompeii Beach
A fter living at the bottom of a volcano for over six hundred years, you would think that the people
of Pompeii would at least be aware that it was not, in fact, just a giant mountain. Or that someone
would be curious enough to go up there and say, "Hey guys. There's a big crater–type thing up here.
It doesn't look safe." But no. It wasn't until August 24th, 79 A.D. that they discovered that yes, lava
could actually come out of the mountain and kill them. And that's exactly what it did. If you want to
get really specific, it was actually the volcanic air and gas that killed most of them. It superheated
their lungs and contracted their muscles. The whole city of Pompeii was covered in ash. The ash
mixed with rain and formed a type

Warning Signs Of A Volcanic Eruption

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