This presentation contains slides from my presentation of my paper on Activity-Based Computing for Hospital Work, presented at the ACM CHI 2010 conference in Atlanta, GA. The reference to the paper is:
Jakob E. Bardram. Activity-based computing for medical work in hospitals. ACM Trans. Comput.-Hum. Interact., 16(2):1-36, 2009
3. • Motivation and [Related Work]
• [Theoretical and] Empirical Underpinning
• Activity-Based Computing – ABC
• Technology for Activity-Based Computing
• Infrastructure
• User Interfaces
• Experiments [and Evaluation]
• Conclusion
Introduction
Outline of Talk
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4. • Contemporary computing systems are single-user and task-
oriented
• much work is collaborative
• many applications and resources are used in an activity
• Handling parallel work and interruptions is hard
• manual and metal overhead
• resumption is difficult
• People think of their work in “activities”
• not in terms of files, folders, documents, etc.
Motivation
Motivation from previous research
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5. Motivation
• to create computer support for human activities
• for clinicians working in a hospital
• managing
• multi-tasking ~ many parallel activities
• mobility ~ in space and between devices
• collaboration ~ coordination, communication
• urgency ~ time-critical work
Motivation for Activity-Based Computing
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8. Activity-Based Computing
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Computational Activity. An aggregation of services,
resources, artifacts, and users that are relevant for a
real world human activity.
Computational Activity. An aggregation of services,
resources, artifacts, and users that are relevant for a
real world human activity.
Activity-Based Computing. A computing infrastructure,
which supports users to create, save, manage,
suspend, resume, move, share, and discover
computational activities.
Activity-Based Computing. A computing infrastructure,
which supports users to create, save, manage,
suspend, resume, move, share, and discover
computational activities.
10. Activity-Based Computing
1. Activity-centered resource aggregation
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• Supports handling the huge data sets in clinical
work
• An Activity integrates related services and data
• Supports handling the huge data sets in clinical
work
• An Activity integrates related services and data
11. Activity-Based Computing
• Supports handling many concurrent work
activities, multi-tasking, and many different
patient cases
• An Activity can be suspended and later
resumed
2. Activity suspension and resumption
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13. Activity-Based Computing
•Supports the collaborative nature of clinical
work
•An Activity has a set of participants who can
work on it taking turns or at the same time
4. Activity Sharing
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14. Activity-Based Computing
• Supports the physical nature of clinical work
• An activity is aware of the users’ real world
activity context
5. Activity Awareness
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32. Conclusions
•Addressing core challenges in Hospital work
•5 ABC Principles
•New type of technology infrastructure
• ABC Infrastructure
• User Interface
• ABC-aware Applications
•Evaluation in a Simulated Hospital Environment
Principles, design, and evaluation of Activity-
Based Computing for Hospital work
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33. Clinicians at the
University Hospital of
Aarhus
Center for Pervasive
Healthcare @
University of Aarhus
Danish Research
Council
Acknowledgement
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The aim of activity-based computing is precisely to help users to manage the
complex set of actions, tools, materials, resources, and people involved in an
activity by introducing an explicit representation of the activity into the computer
system.
The principle of activity-centered resource aggregation simply states that activity-based computing needs to support this bundling of relevant resources and services. In hospitals where a great number of electronic medical systems are used, a given activity might, for example, encompass the electronic patient record (EPR), access to lab request applications, medical images, lab results, medical observations such as blood pressure, etc.
These services and resources may come from many different sources but all are
part of a single activity, which is what gives them meaning to the clinicians
involved.
In activity-based computing,
the term “activity awareness” denotes the principle that the computer system
maintains information about the users’ real-world activities.
This awareness is used to give the user easy access to appropriate resources and tools. Links
between particular activities and work contexts can be created to facilitate
resumption of relevant activities.
In this article we have presented the principles, design, and evaluation of
activity-based computing support for hospital work. The principles of activity-based
computing have emerged through ongoing collaboration with clinicians
working in large hospitals. Studies and design sessions with these clinicians
pointed to a set of challenges associated with the use of computers in hospital
work.