Explaintion for TN,VA LCD,STN LCD,TFT display

1. A-TOPS ELECTRONICS COMPANY
LCD Panel Technology Explained
There are many different LCD panel technologies used in the production of LCD
monitors. They range from budget TN panels to expensive, professional quality
H-IPS and MVA panels. The average consumer usually has no idea what LCD panel
technology is used in their LCD. In fact, many power users are also unaware, simply
because the panel type is not often advertised in a prominent area. Sometimes the
panel type is even absent from the monitor specifications. Many users buy monitors
based solely on how much it will lighten their wallets. Price should be a factor, but
you should still be aware of the advantages and disadvantages of all the different
LCD panel types and be able to identify them before you decide which LCD monitor
is best for you.
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IPS Panel Technology
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IPS (In Plane Switching) panels are generally considered the best overall LCD
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technology for image quality, color accuracy and viewing angles. They are well
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suited for graphics design and other applications which require accurate and
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consistent color reproduction. IPS panels offer the best viewing angles of any
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current LCD technology, with wide viewing angles up to 178 degress.
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All these benefits raise IPS monitors to a higher price range comapred to VA and
especially affordable TN panel LCD displays. The response time of IPS is adequate,
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ranging from 6ms to 16ms with current panels. This is only slightly slower than TN
panels. However, gamers should take this into consideration. Fast paced games
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may suffer from motion blur or ghosting with IPS panels that have a response time
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higher than 8ms.
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S-IPS panels can be identified buy a slight purple hue on blacks when viewed from
a wide angle. There are currently few manufacturers using S-IPS panels in
comparison to the other panels types making choices limited and they often carry a
premium price tag. H-IPS is a newer variation of S-IPS with a different pixel
structure that improves contrast ratios and lowers pixel pitch to provide better
picture quality.
There are various iterations of IPS panels, for example: S-IPS, H-IPS, e-IPS and
P-IPS. They are relatively similar regarding the technology they use, though H-IPS
panels do have a slightly different pixel structure than the rest. IPS LCD monitors
are a suitable stopgap display technology until OLED monitors are commercially
viable. If you are in the market for a IPS panel, review this list of IPS monitors
before choosing.

2. What is Super PLS?
Super PLS (Plane to Line Switching) is a proprietary LCD panel type developed by
Samsung that is very similar in design and construction to IPS panel technology.
Samsung has made claims stating Super PLS panels have wider viewing angles and
produce 10% more brightness than IPS displays while being cheaper to produce.
The 27" Samsung S27A850D was the first LCD monitor released to make use of
Super PLS.
VA Panel Technology
VA (Vertical Alignment) technology such as S-PVA/MVA are middle of the road LCD
panels. They offer better color reproduction and wider viewing angles than TN
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panels, but have slower response times. They are very similar to S-IPS on paper.
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They also offer large viewing angles and good color reproduction, though not as
good as IPS panels. The response times are generally worse than TN or IPS panels
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and there have been reports of a few VA panels that suffer from input lag, so VA
technology is not be the best choice for fast paced gaming.
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VA panels have the advantage of higher contrast ratios compared to other panel
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types, which leads to better black levels. The biggest disadvantage of VA based
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panels is color shifting. Color shifting is when the image viewed from one angle
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changes or "shifts" when viewed from a slightly different angle, making various
uneven brightness levels across the display. This bothers many users to the point
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they will not even consider buying a VA based panel, while other users don't notice
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or aren't bothered by the color shifting. Color shifts also cause a loss of shadow
detail in dark scenes when viewed directly from the center.
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VA panels are much easier to find compared to IPS since so many manufacturers
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utilize them for LCD monitors and other displays such as large HDTVs. They offer
better image quality than TN at lower price than IPS panels.
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TN Panel Technology
TN (Twisted Nematic) panels are the most widely used panel type in the
manufacture of LCD monitors. TN panels are cheap and offer excellent response
times, making them perfect for fast paced gaming. The response times of current
TN panels range from 2ms to 5ms. Unfortunately the color reproduction, viewing
angles and contrast ratios of TN panels are the worst of any current LCD panel
technology.
Unlike most 8-bit IPS/VA based panels, TN is only 6-bit and unable to display the full
16.7 million colors available in 24-bit true color. They can mimick the 16.7 million
colors of 8-bit panels using a technique called dithering, but the results are

3. unimpressive. TN panels have become popular with the average computer user
because they are very inexpensive and currently dominate the LCD display market
in availability.
Summary of LCD Panel Technology
 S-IPS/H-IPS/Super PLS panels are generally considered the best all
around panel type, but they are more expensive and very few are made. High
end, expensive.
 S-PVA/MVA/VA panels offer better color reproduction and viewing angles
than TN panels, have slightly worse response times than TN or IPS, offer the
best contrast ratios, may suffer from color shifting or input lag and have
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higher availability than IPS and Super PLS panels. Mid range, fair price.
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 TN panels are very cheap and have the fastest response times, but
suffer from inferior color reproduction, contrast ratios and viewing angles. The
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majority of LCD monitors produced use TN panels. Low end, inexpensive.
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