Emperor And Nationalist Ideology Essay

Emperor And Nationalist Ideology Essay
The Emperor and Nationalist Ideology in Meiji Era Japan
The Meiji Era in Japan is known as a time of rapid industrialization and Westernization where many
institutions of society were realigned in one form or another to be consistent with their Western
counterparts. Ironically, at the same time, it was a period of growing nationalistic feelings that began
to develop in Japanese society. However, besides being a reactionary or nostalgic feeling
experienced by the population, this nationalist ideology was also actively promoted by the Meiji
leadership. Central to this ideology was the emperor who was effectively and successfully used as a
tool for legitimizing the Meiji government.
According to myth, the Japanese emperor is a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
and Dankwart A. Rustow eds., Political Modernization in Japan and Turkey (Princeton, 1964), 465–
466.>> Thus, "in the first years after the Restoration, from 1868 to 1881, the new government
invoked the imperial institution at the symbolic center of the unified nation and displayed the young
Meiji emperor as the personal manifestation of the recently wrought political unity."<<4
Gluck, Carol. Japan's Modern Myths: Ideology in the Late Meiji Period. (Princeton: Princeton
University Press, 1985), 73.>> The emperor, "as an embodiment of Japan's sense of national
identity, as a bridge linking traditional sources of legitimacy to the new state authority, as the father
figure which justified his subjects' self–discipline and sarifice [became] both a rallying point for his
people and a means of concentrating authority behind the emerging national leadership; the emperor
came to symbolize all the forces of self–control and enforced stability which combined to channel
the prime energies of the Japanese toward meeting the foreign challenge and toward adopting
essential social and economic reforms." <<5
Hall, 14.>>
One of the first steps the Meiji leaders took was to make the public aware of the imperial presence.
This was a serious issue to be dealt
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The Beliefs of the Republicans/Nationalists and the...
The Beliefs of the Republicans/Nationalists and the Loyalists/Unionists There are a number of
differences between Nationalists and Unionists and their beliefs. The Nationalists are predominantly
Catholic and they do not want Ireland to be part of Britain. They see the British as an occupying
army and most believe that the British have no right to be in Ireland, they think it's unfair that the
British came into Ireland in the 1600s and have stayed there. They feel angry about how the British
have persecuted the Catholics in the past, and they believe that they still don't get treated as well as
the Unionists. They campaign for equal rights in different areas, especially housing and jobs. ...
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The Nationalists still feel that the British are an occupying army, and think its wrong that they are
still there. The Unionists also feel that being part of Britain is good for them economically, whereas
the Nationalists feel they get a bad deal. The Unionists mostly share their main religion with Britain
so feel happy with them, but the Nationalists feel angry about how the British have treated the
Catholics in the past. Though these are the two main groups, not everyone that is classed as a
Nationalist or a Unionist feels exactly the same; there are differences within the sides. Some people
are more extreme than others and some can be more violent. Within the two sides they have
different political parties that have different methods and slightly different objectives. On the
Nationalist side two notable parties are the SDLP (Social Democratic Labour Party), lead by John
Hume, and Sinn Fein, lead by Gerry Adams. The SDLP have always been committed to peaceful
and democratic methods, and see the importance of disarment. They want to see a United Ireland.
Sinn Fein is now practising peaceful methods but in the past have had links with paramilitaries such
as the IRA, who practise less peaceful techniques. This Party wants a United Ireland like the SDLP,
but also wants to break all links to England, and be totally

The Nationalist Fleet: Radical Nationalism
The Nationalist Fleet: Radical Nationalism and the Imperial German Navy from Unification to 1914
jmss.org/jmss/index.php/jmss/article/download/601/581 This article aims to give an overview of the
rise of imperialism and nationalism in Germany and the other major powers involved in World War
I. Nationalism reached a fevered pitch in Europe prior to the first World War. As a political tool,
Nationalism was the belief that European technological, cultural, economic and military superiority
was just cause for the subjugation of more backward cultures and economies. Because of
nationalism & imperialism European nations began building up their armed forces. Each nation
wanted its armed forces to be stronger than those of any potential enemy. By

The Terrorist Turn Adopted By Eta
However, the terrorist turn adopted by ETA was not an effective strategy to have their voice heard in
a democracy. As argued by Furlow and Goodall, a way to understand the political rhetoric of any
extremist group is to analyse their core narrative techniques. "Linking enemies to historical villains
of the past" is a common strategy for extremist groups to justify their actions. Reminding the
historical repression of the Basque identity is actually the strategy adopted by ETA to justify its
actions. Such as strategy turns out to be inefficient in democratic Spain.
At first, the heavy repression undertaken by the Franco government boosted ETA's support not only
in the Basque country but also internationally. The main strategies of ETA were ... Show more
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The Franco Government answered by sentencing death penalty to any person found guilty, but this
practice only strengthened international support for ETA, which was compared to national liberation
movements (Alonso, 2011). As Spain was on the verge of democratization, ETA experienced
profound changes in its internal structure. In 1974, ETA was divided into two groups, a military one
(ETA–m) and a political military one (ETA–pm). ETA–m, the minority group, wanted to stick with
use of violence only while ETA–pm was advocating that armed struggle should be coupled with
popular mobilization (de la Calle and Sanchez–Cuenca, 2013).
The repression faced during the dictatorship along with the determinant role played by ETA in the
opposition to the dictatorship encouraged the democratic government to recognize the particularities
of the Basque identity. After passing an amnesty law for all ETA prisoners in 1977, the Government
granted the status of autonomy to the region. The Basque Country now had a Basque Parliament, a
Basque Government, their own education and health system, their own fiscal system as well as their
own police force. As a result, Basque history and language were inserted in school curriculum and
Basque newspapers emerged. But ETA wanted independence. The group thus radicalized killing
civil guards, businessmen, parliamentarians, judges and prosecutors, journalists, university
professors but also civilians in car bombing attacks. In April1995, ETA

Nationalist Movements of the Middle East and South Asia...
The years after World War One brought about vast changes to many parts of the world. Places like
South Asia and the Middle East were able to see the need for self government away from foreign
control. This sparked a number of nationalist movements during the 1920's and 1930's. The Middle
East had to Westernize to rid foreign control while India had to be united under non–violence and
Hindu values.
Before WW1, the Middle East was dominated by outside powers. Egypt was under British control
and Persia was divided in to Russian and British spheres of influence. The Ottomans tried to
promote change with the Tanzimat reforms which allowed some industrialization and
modernization. However, in 1908, the Young Turks took over and ... Show more content on
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This led to scarce food supplies, forced labor, and mistreatment of the peasantry, so Egypt was ready
for a revolt at the end of the war. The Egyptian nationalist elites decided to form a Wafd (meaning
'delegation' in Arabic) party under the leader Sa'd Zaghlul that rid the British in 1936 from the Suez
Canal. However, they did very little to alleviate the misery of the majority. Rather, Egyptian
politicians held office just to increase their own family fortune and had no time for land reforms and
public works projects that the peasantry desperately needed. Thus, the Egytian revolution led to
backwardness. The peasantry of India similarly suffered during WW1. India was controlled by the
British who pushed the peasantry for cash crops such as cotton (muslin), jute, and indigo. India's
budget was used for the expenses of the British army and the salaries/pensions of British
administrators. Many Indians died on the battlefield for a conflict that had little to do with them.
War led to inflation which affected all parts of society. Peasants were angered about set prices on
market goods despite the rising cost. People were unable to sell what they produced due to shipping
shortages. The meager wages of laborers dropped while prices increased. Only bosses grew rich
from profits earned in war production. Many commoners suffered from epidemics and starvation. At
the end of

The Development of Nationalist Ideas Within Sikh Community...
Introduction
After the bloodshed among devotees of different faiths resided in South Asia, India, though
partitioned, at last gained independence in 1947. Even if it was stated that this ''new–born'' country
will be a secular state, the majority of population was regarded as Hindus and fear of possible
subordination of other communities was displayed. The majority of Muslims who supported
All–India Muslim League led by Muhammad Ali Jinnah moved to Pakistan where the whole
governmental system was built to maintain and develop Muslim society. It seemed that both Hindu
and Muslim majorities were more–or–less content about post–colonial juncture but not the rest of
population that did not fit to both categories. The notions of partition ... Show more content on
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This ceremony obliged initiates to keep the hair unshorn, to wear arms and to bear the epithet 'Singh'
with their names. Establishment of Khālsā pretended to eliminate non–baptised Sikhs from religious
community and make socio–religious identity of Sikhs more distinct than that of the earlier Sikhs.
Slight tension between non–Khalsa and Khalsa Sikhs is still visible.
Mughal Empire started to decline in XVIII c. and it capacitated the rise of successor states. From
1799 Ranjit Singh started unification of the territories in Punjab where Sikhs formed dominant
element in the ruling class. Hindus and Muslims were not eliminated from the society but Sikhs
received much larger share then they did. Agriculture, trade and manufacturing were revived.
Arts and literature took distinctive shape; Ranjit Singh encouraged historical literature in Persian
what indicates that Persian language was still the language of authorities and ruling power. But some
works appears in Punjabi, too. The Empire of Ranjit Singh existed only until 1849 when it was
taken over by British who had already established their political control over the rest of the
subcontinent, but the echo of its glory in documents and sourcebooks was remembered during the
revival of Sikh nationalism in XX c and was one of the factors in revitalizing solidarity and unity
among Sikhs.
Punjabi Suba in the

Ethno-Nationalist Terrorism
Ethno–nationalist terrorist groups rely on the terrorism, which seeks to establish an independent
state for ethnic, linguistic, cultural groups. They claim themselves as revolutionary groups, who
want to create own ethno centric government. Ethnic terrorism differs from religious and economic
causes of terrorism. Ethno–nationalist are more nationalist than religious counterparts, and they
emphasize on national identity, community mobilization, group identity, and oppose the idea of
terrorism. They use violence to keep their presence alive in the particular community, sustain their
political agendas, and find meaningful solutions. In addition, ethno–nationalist terrorism use fear as
a tool for polarizing people from different culture, idea, and developing alternative identities. For
example, The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) have been fighting for an independent
homeland for three million Tamils in Sri Lanka. The major parties in this ethnic conflict is
aggravated by struggles between Hindus and Muslims. This ... Show more content on
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Second, they seek to control over a specific territory to operate an autonomous state, where ethno–
nationalist pursue the goal of state based on ethnicity, and culture. Third, non–Islamic ethno–
nationalist terrorists have less or no connection with international terrorism, and terrorist
organizations. states that, "Non–Islamist terrorist groups in Asia and Africa include their local
nature, their relative lack of connection to or support from international radical groups, and their
persistent failure (Rubin, B., & Rubin, J.,2008)." For example, the Kashmir conflict is a conflict
between India and Pakistan, which is related to land, territory and ethnicity. However, it brought
ethno–nationalist terrorist activities on both sides beginning in the

Who Was The Nationalist Movement Of Zionism
The nationalist movement of Zionism emerged out of the Jewish people's need for a national state of
their own. This idea harkens back to the establishment of the Kingdom of Israel after the Exodus.
The Holy Land and all of its historic prestige persisted in Jewish culture as they spread throughout
the Diaspora for 2000 years.
Restrictions and persecution followed the Jewish people as they were met with prejudice throughout
Eastern and Western Europe. Organized political Zionism grew from tsarist Russia, where pogroms
carried out against the Russian and Polish Jews in the 1880's killed thousands. Originating in Russia
in 1884, an agency named the Lovers of Zion assisted the emigration of Jews to Palestine, where
they organized small farms. During this time Leon Pinsker wrote "Auto–Emancipation", a Zionist
pamphlet in which he posits an answer to the "Jewish Question". He argues that Jews are despised
all over the world, and are viewed as aliens that cannot be assimilated. He also states, "Since it is not
to be our mission to reform mankind, we must see what we have to do for ourselves under the
circumstances."
Another prominent Zionist activist was Theodor Herzel who wrote the "Jewish State" in 1896,
where he asserts that the Jews comprised a nation without a political state. It is important to note
that both Pinsker and Herzel did not directly name Palestine as the location for a Jewish state. The
following year, Herzel organized the first Zionist Congress in Basel in

Essay about Nationalist Ideas in the Middle East
Nationality is the desire of a group of people to preserve or obtain common statehood and the
ideology stressing loyalty to the nation–state or seeking independence of a national group. Michel
Aflaq, Theodor Herzl, and the Palestinian National Charter have fundamentally different ideas on
establishing nationalism, however each movement and charter wishes to establish a national identity
as well as a state due to their experiences of oppression and dispersion. Michel Aflaq describes his
ideas on Arab nationalism through the Arab Baath party, which entails the establishment of an Arab
state and the right to govern themselves, as well as a revivification of old Arab thought and
ideology. Theodor Herzl depicts the Zionist nationalist ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Although the Ba'th party is willing to use force to achieve their goals, the ideology of Ba'th
socialism agrees to work with other nations, and does not want total domination, the main aim is to
be recognized as a state, and nationalism will follow. The Zionist movement differs from the Ba'th
movement in that it does not enact a political ideology such as Ba'th socialism, but it calls for
rallying of the Jews and mass immigration in order to secure specifically Palestine as the Jewish
state. The Nationalist ideals of each differ considering when the Ba'th party is about the

Was Nazism in Germany Racist or Nationalist? Essay example
Nazism was one of the most essential political ideologies in Germany in the twentieth century, led
by Adolf Hitler. It was also an ideology that caused much distress and generated much controversy.
Even to this day, historians and survivors alike, are still searching for answers that could explain
how the ideals of one man, obsessed with the notions of creating a perfect and flawless race, became
the centerpiece for what would be known as the worst tragedy in the history of mankind; the
irrational mass killing of millions of innocent victims, particularly the Jews. This essay will discuss
whether Nazism was nationalist or racist from different point of views, such as the ideology of
superiority, the "ideal" Germans, discrimination of Jews, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Handicapped people, orphans, criminals and many others were considered as the lower categories
although they may be Germans and they were also perceived as destructive and deadly. Another
example of this is that the Nazis began a programme of killing the psychiatrically ill and mentally
handicapped without any formal legal sanction. Furthermore, the Nazis determined their superior
race by looks, health condition and contributions. The Nazis believed that the Jews will contaminate
the mind and blood of the "pure and ideal race." These thoughts are undesirable, where they were
prejudice towards the Jews. Obviously, racism was depicted in the Nazis' program through these
examples.
Another essential reasons that Nazism is considered as an action of racist is that it is only beneficial
for the "ideal" Germans. This is illustrated through several measures that were introduced by Hitler,
such as child allowance, promotion of equal education opportunities for working–class children,
public housing projects and others. These measures may seem nationalist as they help develop the
up–bringing of the nation. Yet, these measures were actually motivated by racial considerations
where both `alien races' and the `less valuable elements' of the German population were excluded
from the benefits of Nazi `social policy' and these social improvements were designed to encourage
the reproduction of certain type of people

The Nationalist Movement
France had been holding power in Southeast Asia, Indochina since the early 1900's Within
Indochina there was, as it is known today, Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia.
This was included in France's empire. While the first and second world wars were being fought in
Europe and partially in the Pacific, there was a nationalist movement underway. Vietnamese people
wanted to be rid of the hands of the French. They longed for the day when they would not be under
the rule of France, but rather themselves. The Nationalist Movement was eventually under the
authority and leadership of Ho Chin Minh. Although having a strong force of nationalists with their
passion, their strength as one body and their ability to gain the self–government they desired was not
enough. Ho turned to communist parties and tried to gain their liking and support. He got them on
board with their goal and with that they started to hold strikes against the French.
Although they were fighting, France has a much larger and disciplined group of soldiers. The
communist Vietnamese or the protesters were put in jail and Ho was sentenced to death, but he fled.
During the 1930's this occurred, but in 1941, Ho and other communist nations nationalists of
Vietnam established the Vietminh (Independence) League where ... Show more content on
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Not only land mass, but the people within the land determine the history of the empire. The people
within Vietnam determined the outcome of France's empire in Indochina. The Vietnamese would
never have had to revolt against anyone for a communist government or any government for that
matter, because they wouldn't be under the hands of a foreign nation. With imperialism comes revolt
in some form or another, and in this instance, the revolvers won against their wicked foreign

Essay on Foreign Direct Investment: Country Risk...
Table of Contents
A. Introduction 3
B. Political Indicators 4–11
C. Economic ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Spain has no official religion. The constitution of 1978 disestablished the Roman Catholic Church as
the official state religion, but still recognizing the role, it plays in Spanish society. More than 90% of
the population is at least nominally Catholic.
Through out the risk assessment, ratings are given before the risk indicator summary. These rating
are given for current status and a status five years from now. Please keep in mind that the scale is
measured from 1 – 7, 1 being the best and 7 being the worst.
B. Political Indicators
1. Political Stability Current Rating: 2
Forecast 5 Years: 3
Right now under the Jose Maria Aznar Lopez's administration free market enterprises are being
advocated to boost the economy. The government intends to make further progress in changing labor
laws and reforming pension schemes, which are key to the sustainability of both Spain's internal
economic advances and its competitiveness in a single currency area. Adjusting to the monetary and
other economic policies of an integrated Europe – and further reducing unemployment – will pose
challenges to Spain in the next few years.
Political tension in the Basque Country has eased tangibly since the mainstream Basque Nationalist
Party (PNV) achieved its greatest ever victory in the

The Beliefs of German Nationalists
German nationalism was not greatly different from the nationalism of the other European countries,
much until the late 1870's to early 1880's. At this point in time, nationalists of the era had come to
the belief that they had made an illustrious discovery. They discovered that they had dominion over
all of Europe, socially and physically. From this discovery, they concluded that they were powerful
enough to overtake and successfully conquer Europe, or if not the entire Western World. Their
beliefs are stated as followed: The Germans, save for the Russians, are the most numerous, in all of
Europe. The Reich (German Kingdom) has more people in its boundaries, of any European country,
save for the same exception. Outside of the Reich, are millions of people who share similar descent
and beliefs, and so, by right, should join the Reich. Russia, is not really a country, but more–so an
amalgamate of people of different religious orders, descents, and beliefs. In fact, if one were to
dissect the ethnicities of those of Russia, you would have many people who themselves share
German descent, and only a few 'Great Russians'. From this, one can say that Germany is the most
industrious and most quickly growing in all of Europe. Germany greatly benefits from its location,
in the fore–front of central Europe. It holds control of all European countries, strategically, and has
access to parts of Africa, and Asia, not commonly enjoyed by other countries. Germans are possess a
youth and

How Will The Nationalist Immigration Policies Of Hungary...
How will the nationalist immigration policies of Hungary impact the rest of Europe?
My thesis for this paper is that Hungary's foreign policy views on the migration crisis that currents
exists throughout Europe is very drastic. These policies can also been seen as a direct reflection of
the extremist nationalist views of Viktor Orbán (the current President of Hungary) and his right–
wing party, Fidesz. This concept shows how the personality and psychology of an individual leader
can affect a state's foreign policy. This extremist view, as shown by Hungary, is spreading across
Europe. This then brings into question a lot of European Union standards, and may even cause the
downfall and collapse of the Schengen Agreement. The international ... Show more content on
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In addition to this, there has been large prejudices against the migrants due to crime accusations.
The result of such events is the rise of nationalist extremist parties in Central and Eastern Europe. A
prime example of this is within Hungary. Hungary has been quite vocal about its opposition to
accepting refugees and other migrants. These statements were made by Hungary's leader Viktor
Orbán who has been known to have very extreme views on other social issues. The result of
Hungary's statements concerning immigration is an epidemic of other countries having similar
views which will contradict the Schengen Agreement. The Schengen Agreement is one of the
foundations of the European Union so removing or adapting said intuition would seriously affect the
European Union. In this paper I will analyse the international system in which these foreign policy
directions have been made whilst examining how Viktor Orbán's personality and psychology has a
direct influence on the decisions made by Hungary and the history of the migration laws of the
European Union.
International system
As explained in the introduction, the events that occurs in the international system can have a direct
influence on the foreign policy. This is due to the fact that the nature of the international system can
limit the capacity in which a country can make decisions. Ryan Beasley et al (2013) explains this to
be how "the worldwide distribution of economic wealth and

Foreign Direct Investment:: Country Risk Assessment of Spain
Table of Contents
Pages
A. Introduction 3
B. Political Indicators 4–11
C. Economic Indicators 12–18
D. Social Indicators 19–23
E. Overall County Total 24
F. Works Cited 25
A. Introcution Spain 's powerful world empire of the 16th and 17th centuries ultimately yielded
command of the seas to England. Subsequent failure to embrace the mercantile and industrial
revolutions caused the country to fall behind Britain, France, and Germany in economic and
political power. Spain remained neutral in World Wars I and II, but suffered through a devastating
Civil War (1936–39). In the second half of the 20th century, it has played a catch–up role in the
western ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
3. Views of Political Leaders Current Rating: 2 Forecast 5 Years: 3
Jose Maria Anzar is Spain 's Prime Minister since 1996. He is part of the conservative People 's
Party. Since taking power, there wre many fears that government policies would become more strict
and secular–minded with Catholic traditionalism. Mr. Aznar has been straight, efficient, clear–
headed, honest. Building on foundations laid by his modernising Socialist predecessor, Felipe
Gonzalez, he has steadily freed Spain 's economy and overseen one of the fastest growth rates in the
EU. In Europe, his Spain is taken seriously; Mr. Aznar makes much of its new ascendancy in Latin
America, where it has overtaken the United States as the biggest investor. Mr. Aznar says Spain
deserves to join the G8 group of rich countries. One of his biggest downfalls though is his handlings
with the Basque community and popular rise. A big reason is that even the non–violent Basques are
a tricky lot, while the terrorists of ETA are militarily hard to beat because they have enough popular
support. Mr. Aznar has himself been obtuse, by unwisely alienating the majority of Basques who do
not back ETA. In order for the Basque to be truly independent, Spain 's constitution would have to

be ammended, the constitution that the Basque favored when voted. The Basque claim it was a
minority that voted in 1978. In any case, as an economist, Jose

Irish Nationalists Struggle for Independence from Britain
Irish Nationalists attempted to establish continuity with what they believed to be appropriate or
suitable aspects of Irish history and culture. These attempts lead to both the revival and invention of
a culturally distinct Irish heritage not associated with British rule in order to justify a sense of
nationhood and to support the Irish struggle for Independence (Hobsbawm in Laurence, A p176)
(Laurence, A p.160).
Whilst there is no single definition of Irish Nationalism, as the various groups and movements
within the Nationalist cause differed in views, opinions and methods. Irish nationalism can be
defined as the early struggle in the nineteenth and twentieth century to achieve independence from
British rule, achieved in 1921 and the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The methods they used showed further attempts by a new government to establish continuity with
what they believed to be a suitable Irish past. Materials used for reconstruction had to be or Irish
origin and certain buildings, such as Dublin Castle and the Royal Hospital Kilmainham former
symbols of British rule were abandoned in favour of rebuilding other parts of Dublin such as the
Four Corners, the Custom House and the GPO – the headquarters of the Easter Uprising. Whilst the
decision was not wholly un–pragmatic as these were important placed in Dublin that the public
needed access to it also shows what the early Irish government deemed as suitable to the Irish past
they were trying to rebuild. This along with the destruction of some 300 private homes showed that
the early government had little interest in preserving an Ireland associated with British rule. As did
the creation of the Ancient Monuments Act in 1929 which preserved and protected pre–1700
buildings in Ireland.
Whilst later efforts were made restore Dublin Castle and the transformation of Kilmainham hospital
into an art gallery as well as the restoration of number of private houses in Ireland, these restorations
were not taken until after Ireland joined the European Union in 1973. These efforts were again not
un–pragmatic as the early Irish government has little funds for restoration but the timing is also
significant and perhaps shows a coming to

The Fatah And The Arab Nationalist Movement
The PFLP is Fatah's primary rival within the PLO and claims to offer a fundamentally different
ideological and organizational approach in achieving Palestinian goals. Founded in late 1967, the
PFLP has its roots in the Arab Nationalist Movement (ANM) and in the political styles of its own
principle founders, George Habash and Wadi Haddad–both from Greek Orthodox Christian
backgrounds. The Arab Nationalist Movement particularly attracted to Christians, who saw a secular
ideology based on Arab unity as a way to equalize their status in a predominately–Muslim world and
to shape out a special niche for themselves within the Palestinian resistance movement. Unlike
Fatah, the PFLP soon adopted a Marxist–oriented approach, which it believed to be

Slave Culture: Nationalist Theory And The Foundations Of...
Slave Culture: Nationalist Theory and the Foundations of Black America, by Sterling is a ground–
breaking study which brings up the problem of race in America during the eighteenth, nineteenth
and early twentieth centuries. The book exposes the untold story of how Africans formed a common
culture on plantations in the South despite the difference in appearances, traditions, and language.
Throughout this book, Stuckey suggests that black culture in the United States is essentially Africa.
To support this argument Stuckey not only examined the thought of major theorists such as David
Walker, Henry Highland Garnet, W.E.B. DuBois, and Paul Robes, but he also drew evidence from
art history, west Africans traditions, the folklore of the American slave, and anthropology.
Scholars in both history and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
No? That's okay because of the African consist of a mixture of countries with various tribes that
each have their own unique characteristics. Being so divergent and different from the black culture
we forget that the black culture is an offspring from the motherland. From Singing, drumming, and
dancing to food, fashion, and language the African culture has been formative and unique to the
melting pot known as America. Esceppically during their resistance to slavery and their quest for
freedom, African peoples differing in appearances, traditions, and language became a single people
and began to share common cultural themes. Stuckey stresses this in his thesis, black nationalists
have been to underestimate the depths of African culture in black Americans and the sophistication
of the slave community they arose from. He argues that at the time of emancipation, slaves still
remained essentially African in culture, a conclusion that has had profound implications for theories
of black liberation and race relations in

Plaid Cymru (PC): The Welsh Nationalist Party
On the other hand, Plaid Cymru (PC), the Welsh nationalist party whose purpose is independence of
Wales, has been a party to reflect the rise of Welsh nationalism, like Scottish Nationalist Party in
Scotland. However, Wales has seen the rise of its nationalism in a different way from the Scottish
one. It is obvious that the economics was a factor, but language was another important factor for the
nationalism of the Welsh people. Trend of rise of nationalism that occurred in Scotland in the late
1960s also occurred in Wales. PC won their first seat in the House of Commons in 1966, and this
victory was followed by another victory in Rhondda West in 1967. At the same time, Westminster
passed Welsh Language Act in 1967, which is the most significant ... Show more content on
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The nationalism in Scotland has run high, majority of them wanted devolution in the referendum in
1997, and finally it could have been a case that they would have had independence in 2014. On the
other hand, not only economics, but also the Welsh language have been important issues for Wales,
in terms of nationalism. Though the rise of their nationalism was not as clear as that of the Scots, it
came to a point where they obtained devolution. For the both cases of the rise of nationalism in
Scotland and Wales, it has always been democratic deficit that has been the problem in the both
countries. That is to say, their opinion as countries has not been fully reflected in the UK's policy,
and this has been a reason for the rise of nationalism. In spite of their obtaining devolution, it still
keeps being a problem in the entire UK. As long as their independences are not decided, the
government is required to deal with this problem, while controlling the people's

Anti Nazi, Black Separatist, And White Nationalist
In our world today, it is unfortunate that people are using their hate as motivation to do immoral
actions towards other innocent victims. In 2014, information was recorded by the Southern Poverty
Law Center that there were around 784 active hate groups in the United States (Brunker par.4). A
hate group is defined as a collection of people that promotes and performs aggressive actions
towards members of a race, gender, sexual orientation, ethnicity, and many more characteristics. Ku
Klux Klan, Neo Nazi, Black Separatist, and White Nationalist are all examples of hate groups and
are still currently active today. Hate groups are usually involved in hate crimes which is any illegal
action perceived to be against one specific group of people ... Show more content on
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Referring to the FBI's data in 2013, it reveals that about 48.5% of all reports that were classified as
hate crimes were motivated by race (Brunker par.9). Racial attacks usually involve intimidation,
vandalism, and assault to the opposite race (Crime Museum par.4). However according to the FBI
Uniform Crime Reports the average amount of hate crimes between races has declined progressively
(Brunker par.15). Unfortunately, hate groups are still a huge problem in today's society, but the
government is reacting in a more serious matter against these events Although a hate crime is not a
federal offense, the government can and does investigate crimes that might be related to civil rights
violations (FBI par.4). A civil rights violation is under the federal jurisdiction so this gives the
government full rights of investigation in a case. The government has also passed new laws to help
maintain and prevent hate groups from acting out. "In 2009, the passage of a new law–the first
significant expansion of federal criminal civil rights law since the mid–1990s–gave the federal
government the authority to prosecute violent hate crimes, including violence and attempted
violence directed at the gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender community, to the fullest extent of its
jurisdiction (FBI par.5)". The National Gay and Lesbian Task force has been fighting against
discrimination for a period of time now; they also

Arab Nationalist Fervor : Syria
In the mid–twentieth century, an Arab nationalist fervor overtook Syria, leading to a series of coups
which would eventually install the ostensibly socialist Ba'ath party at the head of state –– a rule that
lasts tenuously to the present day. In the chaos of the aftermath of European occupation the seeds
were sown for the conflict that rends Syria today as a nation struggles to define itself outside of the
context of both factionalist terrorism and the autocratic al–Assad regime which has reigned since
that period. When Hafez al–Assad, father of current president Bashar al–Assad, came to power in
1970 he seized the whole of the nation's political power, placing it firmly in the hands of his family
and therefore those of the military ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The initial protests that sparked the Syrian Civil War occurred in the context of the Arab Spring, a
series of mass protests and uprisings that overtook the region beginning with the Tunisian uprising
sparked by the self–immolation of a political dissident. The Tunisian Uprising ultimately led to the
actual overthrow of the Tunisian government, but affairs were not to conclude so decisively in Syria.
The Arab Spring protests writ large were inspired by Middle Easterners' dissatisfaction with
governments they viewed as overly repressive, corrupt, and non–representative, and the Assad
regime, grown bloated and corrupt through forty–plus years of uninterrupted rule, certainly fit the
bill. The Syrian government reacted in a predictably authoritarian fashion to protests, restricting
movement and imprisoning those found guilty of supposedly seditious activities through the spring
and summer of 2011, including simple anti–government graffiti (Fahim and Saad). Eventually, the
military began to resort to open tactical opposition against mostly unarmed protestors, moving to
militarily pacify the city of Daraa where the protests had begun in the late spring (BBC). Military
dominance, though taken for granted in a nation that had been ruled

Irish Nationalist Movement Essay
The Irish and the British have had a long and complicated relationship for hundreds of years. After
World War I, the British Empire started to dissolve, resulting in independent nations around the
globe. However, Ireland still remained under British rule, which frustrated the Irish for a variety of
reasons, the main one being religious differences (Catholic vs. Protestant) between the Irish and the
British. The Anglo–Irish war started in 1919 was a result of the growing frustration and the Irish
nationalist movement that emerged from said frustration. The Irish nationalist movement was started
by a group of revolutionaries known as the IRA (Irish Republican Army) who believed that the only
way Ireland could achieve independence was through ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Causality is based on events that happened on Bloody Sunday, a day in which the British forces shot
and killed 13 Irish nationalist demonstrators in the city of Derry (Dawson 1). Heaney decides to
recount these events in the poem Causality through the eyes of a fisherman. Heaney uses the
fisherman in the poem as a pawn to show how he feels in regards to the Troubles without explicitly
stating his position. The narrator (presumably Heaney) in this poem seeks to divert the conversation
to fishing instead of focusing on the

Why the Chinese Nationalist Party lost the Chinese Civil War.
On 1 October 1949, Mao Zedong, leader of the Chinese Communist Party declared victory over the
Nationalist Party (Guomindang) and brought an end to four brutally long years of Civil War. The
Communist victory in the Civil War has however, created significant debate among historians,
namely: was a Communist victory inevitable and if so is it more sensible to see the Chinese Civil
War as a Communist victory or as a Nationalist defeat?When researching these questions it becomes
blatantly obvious that the Guomindang government led by Chiang Kai–Shek was riddled with
problems and they are very much the cause of their own downfall. Widespread government
corruption, spiraling inflation, loss of public confidence and intractable poverty are just a ... Show
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At the end of the Sino–Japanese War the Guomindang held significant advantages over the
Communists, with its widely recognised legitimate government controlling China, giving it the
power to tax and conscript. On the other hand, the Communists could not match the Guomindang's
troops in terms of training and equipment and could be "outgunned and outmanoeuvred in all major
regions of the country" (Westad, 2003: 8). Furthermore, the Communist party was hardly
represented in the cities at all, which of course was the power base of the Guomindang. However,
the Communists also had successes resulting from the war with Japan including increasing their area
of control and practiced evolving their strategies of protracted guerrilla warfare against the Japanese
which in turn generated public support. Despite this the party's main forces were still located in
North–west China and they were not in such a powerful position that a civil war with the
Guomindang would be a mere formality in securing control of the country.
The Civil War is therefore simply not a case of the imminent decline of the Guomindang and the
Communists' irresistible rise. Rather the Sino–Japanese War provided the framework for the
decisions and strategies that would ultimately lead to Nationalist defeat. The war with Japan left the
Guomindang decimated and they did need to undergo reform in order to survive; however the

The Radical Social Nationalist Party
In conjunction with the primary leadership of the Ba'ath party, the Syrian Social Nationalist Party
(SSNP) was another political institution that relied heavily on Marxist ideology imported through
the French mandate into the Syrian elite classes. The arrival of the SSNP during the early 1930s
provided a backdrop the Marxist influence of Ba'ath party officials that had transposed Marxist
ideology into the nationalist movement. The founder of the SSNP, Atun Sa'adeh, was a leading
figure in the nationalist movement to transform Syria into socialist nation, which was primarily
based on the foundation of European education that the French had imposed as part of their colonial
policies under the mandate. Sa'adeh's own socialist rhetoric was a powerful force, alongside Ba'ath
party officials, to transform the country into a socialist nation within the context of a truly nationalist
movement:
Ever since the hour in which our social national ideology began to bring together thoughts and
feelings, to unite forces of youth threatened with dispersion by the political and national chaos that
blanket our country, and to transform this into a new system (nizam) with new methods, deriving its
life from the new nationalism, namely the system of the Syrian Social Nationalist party.
During the French mandate, the resistance to French occupation was a blend of local governing
ideology in the use of "Nizam" (meaning "system" in Arabic) as an Arabic interpretation of
European socialism. For

European Nations that Were Formed Due to Nationalist Ideas
The countries in Europe were not always the way they are today. Before about the middle of the
nineteenth century Europe consisted of various regions ruled by dynastic empires. These monarchies
had absolute power over their subjects and there was no sense of nationalism or the idea of
betterment of the general population. Various social and technological changes helped pave the way
for ideas of nationalism. Although the idea of the creation of the nation state began with the advent
of the French Revolution but it took more than a century for the ideas of nationalism to become
concrete enough to form the independent national state of France. the concept of Nationalism spread
throughout Europe and slowly led to the creation of the modern democratic systems that we see
around the world today, in the early 20th century. After the French revolution, feudalism and
liberalism fell away paving the way for nationalism.
Nationalism is a belief system that creates a sense of association to a common purpose amongst all
the members of a nation. It brings together people of various ideas and intellects, under one nation
with a common purpose bettering themselves and creating a better life for its members. National
Flags, anthems and such things help to increase the sense of belonging to a nation.
Among the many nations that were formed due to nationalist ideas, was Germany. The formal
unification of the Germany as nation state took place in 1871. Formerly it was part of the Holy
Roman

Hitler: The Rise Of The Nationalist Socialist German...
Army veteran Adolf Hitler was frustrated by Germany's defeat in the World War, so he joined the
political organization called the German Workers' party in 1919. The organization had been created
earlier that year by a small group of men including Karl Harrer and Anton Drexler. This party
promoted anti–Semitism, German nationalism, and felt the Treaty of Versailles, which was the peace
settlement that ended the war, was unjust to the Germans because it burdened them with reparations
they could never pay. Hitler soon emerged as a powerful and charismatic public speaker, which
allowed him to begin attracting new members to the party with speeches that forced Jews and
Marxists to take the blame for Germany's problems. He also espoused extreme nationalism, and the
racist concept of an Aryan "master race." In July 1921, Hitler took over the leadership role of the
organization, which had been thereby renamed the Nationalist Socialist German Workers' Party, also
known as the memorable Nazi Party of Germany. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He explained that if communists and Jews were driven away from the nation, most of the country's
problems could be solved. The speeches were very moving and praised in the ranks of the Nazi
Party, especially highly rated among the young and disadvantaged Germans in terms of economics.
All his speeches led to a 1923 failed attempt to take over the government in Bavaria known as the
Beer Hall Putsch in Munich. The hopes for the post–coup d'etat were that it would spark a much
larger revolution against not just state governments, but the nation's

The Black Nationalist Movement During The Harlem Renaissance
Black cultural nationalism was an international, less organized extension of the Black Nationalist
movement. The movement focused on the embracing of African culture and values through various
artistic forms, including poetry, drama, and music. Emphasizing the need to embrace one's
blackness, cultural nationalism was able to gain much mainstream attention because of the
prominence of many of its members.
The earliest organized display of cultural nationalism associated with Africa began with the concept
of Négritude, "which was developed by French–speaking Negro intellectuals" (Irele 321) that had
"developed far beyond the concept of the 'African personality'...[and] tended more towards a
philosophy" (Irele 321). French–speaking black poets, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"The movement broke from the immediate past of protest and petition (civil rights) literature and
dashed forward toward an alternative that initially seemed unthinkable and unobtainable: Black
Power" (Salaam). With Baraka's poem "Black Art" becoming the poetic manifesto of the movement,
lines such as "we want poems that kill" took on a very literal meaning because of the emphasis
placed on self–defense. Existing mostly in major cities, the Black Arts Movement focused on "the
development of Black theater groups and Black poetry performances and journals" (Salaam) while
maintaining "close ties to community organizations and issues" (Salaam). The movement brought
together black artists of all different backgrounds to express themselves through their unique
perspectives and to unify in a common fight, with most artists closely aligning themselves with the
Black Power

Irish Nationalists and Ulster Unionists
Irish Nationalists and Ulster Unionists
The question of the division of Ireland between the predominantly Protestant North and the Catholic
South is a long–standing, deep seated and highly complex issue which still continues to be
controversial to this day. There have been many attempts to resolve the problems in order to restore
peace to this small island, however none have been found. The Irish Nationalists and the Ulster
Unionists both had powerful reasons for fighting their own cause, and both sides claimed small
victories towards their ultimate goal over the years but 1914 was a year when the balance could
have been tipped one way or the other if it had not been for the advent of World War I. ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This injustice sparked off riots in Ireland and in an attempt to restore peace, Robert Peel passed the
Catholic Emancipation act in 1829 even though he personally believed in Protestant supremacy.
O'Connell was consequently given his seat in the House of Commons. This was seen as a victory by
the Irish Nationalists, as they now had a voice in parliament, and saw it as a significant step towards
achieving Home Rule, but the Protestants were troubled by this event and feared that the privileges
they had enjoyed by being loyal to Britain would be undermined by Catholic equality.
O' Connell now turned his full attention to the Abolition of the Act of Union, which had always been
his primary goal. A speech he made in 1809 illustrates how passionately he felt about it.
"We have been robbed of our birthrights, our independence. England that ought to have been a sister
and a friend – whom we had loved, and fought and bled for – stole upon us like a thief in the night
and robbed us of the precious gem of our libertyâ€¦..The real cause of the Union is the religious
dissensions which the enemies of Ireland have created, separating us into wretched sectionsâ€¦"
He was an astute man who realised that the political climate was not conducive to achieving his
aims at the time, so he

A Nationalist Han Chinese Identity
Today, in the oil–rich Xinjiang Province of Northwestern China, millions of Turkic–speaking
Uyghurs live in constant fear. Beards and headscarves banned. Mosques barred from broadcasting
the azan, the Islamic invocation of prayer. Unjustified rape of Uyghur women. Protesting for basic
human rights gets you written on a list of pan–Turkist counter–revolutionaries. Receiving phone
calls from foreign relatives gets you a visit from the secret police. And still, to the apparent dismay
of the CCP, the ethnic identity of Uyghurs still exists, after decades of state–sponsored repression.
Why do the Uyghurs vehemently oppose Han Chinese integration? Why has the CCP taken
unprecedented steps to forcibly assimilate ethnic Chinese Muslims? The creation of a nationalist
Han Chinese identity grounded in an atheist communist state in 1949 engendered conflicts with
Chinese ethnic Muslim minorities, due to failed coercive integration and assimilation efforts and
socioeconomic policy. After the annihilation by the GMT in 1933, the CCP fled and walked through
the unpleasant territory of Southwest China for two years in what later came to be known as the
Long March. Along the way, the CCP expectedly came into direct contact with different ethnic
minorities. These encounters professedly affected the perspectives of CCP pioneers; the
acknowledgment of China's immense diversity and the need to acquire legitimacy as well as support
from these ethnic minorities for the Communist insurgency

stop the violence (SPAIN) Essay
Basta. Enough. This word exemplifies the growing attitude toward the violence in the Spanish
nation caused by the cultural differences between its Spanish and Basque inhabitants. The 2.1
million people of Euskadi, the Basque area of Spain, speak a different language than typical
Spaniards, have a separate culture and society from that of Spain; and have a history of their own.
Throughout the decades, these major cultural differences contained within the borders of Spain have
continued to cause conflict between the Spanish people and the people of the Basque area. Many
within la comunidad autónoma del país vasco, the autonomous community of the Basque country,
have long been seeking to free it from the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
At the time, they had won 12%of the votes in the last general election, down from 14% from the
election before.
The violence of the ETA remained backstage for a few months until February, when it continued its
violence in the shooting of Alberto Jimenez Bercerril, the deputy mayor of Seville, and his wife,
Asuncion Garcia. This was significant because it was the first time the terrorists had targeted non–
Basque officials and also because it suggested that all governing politicians might become targets of
ETA attack. The shooting incited much protest in Seville, as Jimenez was the fourth official of his
status to be murdered in less than a year.
Global attention focused back on HB and the ETA the following month, only this time putting them
as the victims of political treachery. CESID, the Spanish secret service that became the successor to
Franco's military intelligence service, were caught illegally bugging the offices of Basque
separatists. This greatly damaged the government's anti–terrorist movement, and proved their
promise to reform the secret service to be merely a joke. CESID had set up a listening post above
HB offices, and fled when their wires were discovered by a telephone engineer. This discovery
infuriated the regional government, run

New Nationalist Era
Before the 19th century America had minimum machine operated to manufactures products, so the
resulted in the merchandise was made by hand. New Nationalist era change America because fresh
idea of technologies in agriculture, transportation, and communication were beginning to be
development. In America's New Nationalist periods there were multiple contemporary technology
innovations in agriculture, transportation, and communication, which positively and negatively
impacted Americans society. There were assorted novelty in the world of agriculture, transportation,
and communication to advance the world. The new enhancement of the world was design to make
production faster and more efficient. Some of the multitude innovations concluded the

Black Nationalist Civil Rights Movement
The Black Nationalist was one of the important components of the civil rights movement in America
since 1877. There were two notable developments in 1957 that energized the civil rights advocates
namely; the passage of the Civil Rights Act, and secondly, President Dwight D. Eisenhower's
decision, of dispatching federal troops to Little Rock, in Arkansas, for restoration of civil order as
well be seen as if enforcing a desegregation plan through the admission of nine black students at the
all–white Central High School. It is out of these desperate ties that both black and white liberal
activists tried to ameliorate such practices by forming groups such as the NAACP 1909 and the
National Urban League in 1909 and 1911 respectively. The civil rights organizations such as the
Black Nationalist largely helped in arousing the previous civil rights movement's objectives. This
means that some of these organizations led in successful.Such organizations were synonymous with
their ardent involvement in the civil rights movements and their activists' spirit never wavered even
under accusation of violation of the law in their ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The various legislations pushed through Congress helped the cause of the civil rights movement
greatly too. Among these were the various Civil Rights Acts such as the 1957 act that helped
establish a Civil Rights Division within the U.S. Department of Justice. There was also the 1960
Civil Rights Act that expansion of the powers of the 1957 Act that saw the introduced of criminal
penalties to those who obstruct the federal courts orders' implementation of federal court orders.
What this acts did was to helped the movement in its agitation for more freedoms and civil rights as
they prohibited discrimination in various public places public as well as outlawing discrimination in
federally funded

The Importance Of Communication In The Basque Culture
The Basque community as a whole are a very close, tight knit family– regardless if it means they are
related by blood or not. The Roman Catholic religion populates for about 94% of the Basque
country. Aside from religion, activities outside the home such as sporting events and traditional
festivities throughout the year are ways they define their culture. It is important for them to keep
these going from generation to generation. Every culture has the same framework model, but with
differences depending on location geographically. This paper explores the Basque culture and how
their beliefs and values on children and family affect the way they live. As mentioned in Galanti's
text there are four "C's" of culture. Each much be communicated properly to the patient in order to
receive optimal health care: first C) What do you call your problem? second C) What do you think
caused your problem? third C) How do you cope with your condition? fourth C) What concerns do
you have regarding the condition? (Galanti 2008).
Communication in the Basque Culture The Basque language is known as "Euskara" and is spoken
primarily in the northern central area of Spain and is known to be Europe's oldest living languages.
The languages spoken are both Basque and Spanish and both can be very complex with several
different dialects. (Organization for Economic Co–operation and Development, 2011). Nonverbal
communication such as kissing on the cheeks and handshaking upon meeting is the norm, as

ETA is a Terrorist Organization with Roots in Ethnic...
ETA Discursive Essay:
From 1959 until 2010, Euskadi Ta Aaskatasuna or ETA has been fighting for autonomy in the
Basque region on the border between Spain and France. ETA hopes to achieve political and cultural
independence. However, it utilizes terror and violent intimidation to undermine existing
governments. It is a terrorist organization that with military–style precision inflicts maximum
damage in an attempt to realize its nationalist ideals. Cease–fires and negotiations are voided. ETA
argues that in striving for nationalist autonomy it is simply an organization of "freedom fighters"
struggling to resist what they perceive to be an illegitimate government.
ETA is a terrorist organization that has its roots in ethnic nationalism. Basque separatists have long
desired independence, based on a culture that is dramatically different from that of the Spanish.
Their language (Euskara) predates French, Spanish, German and most other Continental languages,
and their customs and traditions are unique to the area. Nationalism is a prevalent theme and dates
back to the turn of the nineteenth century when the Republican government granted autonomy to the
Basque country under the leadership of Sabina de Arana y Goiri. During the Spanish Civil War
(1936–1939) the Basque people supported the Republicans. As a result, Franco targeted them,
decimating the Basque town of Guernica, killing over a thousand people. After the war, Franco
continued to oppress and discriminate against the

Nationalist Separatists Groups
The group mentioned in the hypothetical scenario could be classified as Nationalist–Separatists
terrorists. Nationalist–Separatists groups use violence to establish an independent homeland ethnic
or religious group that is persecuted (or believes it is persecuted) by the majority (Maras, 2013, pg.
12). The group is seeking to liberate itself from the Country of Greece and be recognized as its own
independent Islamic state. A Nationalist–Separatist terrorist organization will form when a certain
group feels they are being repressed or discriminated against by the governing system and will
attempt to distance themselves and wish to be recognized as their own independent governing
system. To assert their independence they may try to form their

How Did Sibelius Become Nationalist
Jean Sibelius is often recognised as one of Finland's greatest composers, who helped to develop a
national identity for Finland during the late 19th century in its struggle for independence from
Russia. There are many aspects of Sibelius' biography and works that can aid in the justification of
the label 'nationalist' and demonstrate how this identification shaped the reception of his career.
Many aspects of his biography such as his early education, his musical education in Vienna and
Berlin and his engagement and marriage to Aino Jarnefelt, whose family were Finnish patriots,
helped Sibelius to find his own nationalist temperament and can be thought to justify the label
'nationalist.' Finding inspiration from the Finnish national epic, the ... Show more content on
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The decision to compose a monumental work based on a story from the Kalevala appears to be
charged with political implications and his need to create Finnish art music at this time in his life.
Sibelius wrote "I'm working now on a new symphony, completely in the Finnish spirit...It is my
conviction that a Finnish man shall feel and think Finnish." Kullervo's multi–movement structure
features soprano, baritone, male voice choir and an orchestra, with all of its five movement unified
by the themes presented. The movements which feature the voices highlights his musical attention to
the rhythm of the Finnish language and "created a basis for a new vocal style arising out of the
nature of the Finnish language." However, Sibelius not only based his composition on the story in
the national Finnish epic but also included elements of folk music in his piece, which seems to
justify the label of a 'nationalist' composer. In the second movement of Kullervo, Sibelius combines
ideas and theme rhythmically and melodically in the manner of rune singers and folk idioms (see
example 1). Through this variation of ideas, the intensity of the movement rises and becomes
extremely fierce. He also uses the time signature 5/4 in the third movement, which although no
explicably Finnish, is known to frequent and characterise some Finnish music. The

Gandhi : The Leader Of The Indian Nationalist Movement
Gandhi
Gandhi was the leader of the Indian nationalist movement against British rule at the turn of the
twentieth century, and is widely considered the father of his country. His doctrine of non–violent
protest to achieve political and social progress, and struggles against oppression have been greatly
influential globally. He travelled to South Africa as a young law graduate, and returned to India as
Mahatma, the 'great–souled one'.
"Victory attained by violence is tantamount to a defeat, for it is momentary" – Gandhi.
Awards:
Time magazine's 'Person of the Year' (1930)
Time magazine's 'Person of the Century' runner–up (1999)
Timeline:
1869 – On October 2, Mohandas 'Mahatma ' (meaning "the great–souled one") Karamchand Gandhi
was born in Porbandor (Sudamapuri), Gujarat, Indonesia. He had three elder siblings, two brothers
and one sister. His mother, Putlibai, is considered to have had a great religious influence on
Mohandas from childhood. Gandhi was born into a Hindu family and the privileged merchant caste,
and received moderate education. He attended primary and middle school in Porbandor, and
attended high school in Rajkot, Gujarat. He was considered a mediocre student, not outstanding
academically or physically, but was shown to have deep understanding of principles of truth and
discipline from a young age.
1883 – At age 13 in May, Mahatma married Kasturbai Makhanji (age 14), in a customary arranged
child marriage.
1885 – Gandhi's father Karamchand Gandhiji, the

The Success And Success Of Sir Robert Gordon Menzies
Sir Robert Gordon Menzies was an Australian politician who served two terms as Prime Minister,
from 1939 to 1941, and, from 1949 until 1966. This amounts to a total of eighteen years, which is a
record for time serving as Australian prime minister (WEB). In this essay, I shall delineate and
analyse the secrets to Menzies' success, which I attribute to several factors, many of which were
beyond the control of Menzies himself. Even before entering politics, Menzies developed talents
that would serve him well for political success. Namely, during his time studying and practising law,
Menzies developed a particularly strong oratorical ability which benefited him throughout his
career. Additionally, it is clear from his days as a student that Menzies ... Show more content on
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It was at this time that Murdoch once again threw his support and influence behind Menzies, which
can be seen in an article that he wrote for the 'Herald' which was titled "This persecution of Menzies
should cease" (MURDOCH 1943a p4 GRIFFEN 5). The stinging electoral defeat suffered by the
UAP under Hughes' leadership acted to further damage the reputation of Hughes which saw
Menzies regaining support from members of parliament, and Menzies once again found himself as
the leader of the UAP (GRIFFEN 5). From here, Murdoch set to work promoting and trying to bring
about the creation of a new political party, a unification of non–labour parties with could
legitimately challenge the labour party (GRIFFEN 5). In the wake of the 1943 federal election,
Murdoch commented in the 'Herald' that the failed election campaign by non–labour parties
"deteriorated from a bad beginning to a wretched end" and "that no good government could be
formed out of the present opposition parties" (MURDOCH 1943b p4 GRIFFEN

Powerful Patriots: Nationalist Protests In China
China has always had a bitter feud with Japan over what Tokyo labels as the Senkaku Islands and
Beijing calls the Diaoyu Islands. In 2012, emotionally charged anti–Japanese nationalist protests
broke out across China, signaling the dissatisfaction of Chinese citizens towards Japan. This is
particularly intriguing: any form of outward dissent, such as protests and demonstrations on a large
scale, are decidedly rare within China. Why were the protests allowed to happen? In this paper, I
briefly summarize the conflict in 2012, I explore why the Chinese government, usually anti–protest
and anti–disturbance–of–peace would allow and approve such protests, and how it sends a signal of
the Chinese government's dissatisfaction with Japan's actions. I explore the implications of by
allowing these anti–Japanese protests to happen, China is signaling its willingness to take on a
stronger role in the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In her book Powerful Patriots: Nationalist Protest in China's Foreign Relations, Jessica Weiss argues
that nationalist protests in authoritarian regimes constitute political signaling. One way for states to
demonstrate resolve is to take actions that increase the risk of bargaining failure (Weiss, 2014: 5). In
this case, it meant permitting nationalist protests. Of course, this may be due to many reasons, such
as nationalist protests are costly to suppress because doing so comes off as "unpatriotic" (Weiss,
2014: 10). By allowing nationalist protests, the government avoids "appearing unpatriotic" and
"conserves the political capital it would have spent to repress demonstrations". This is an
advantageous choice, particularly when the government desires to take a tough stance against
foreign demands, and in this case, the fact that protests were not immediately stopped signals the
Chinese resolve on the Diaoyu Islands situation. However, Weiss goes on to argue

Emperor And Nationalist Ideology Essay

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