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TOWARDS Hybrid
OpenStack Clouds in the
Real World
Tim Bell
tim.bell@cern.ch

Toby Owen
toby.owen@rackspace.com
The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013

1
Head of Technical Strategy
Rackspace
Lives in London, UK
toby.owen@rackspace.com

Head of Infrastructure
Services, CERN
Lives in Geneva, Switzerland
tim.bell@cern.ch

The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013

Research Fellow
CERN
Lives in Geneva, Switzerland
marek.denis@cern.ch

2
Legal Disclaimers
This presentation outlines general information regarding our services and is for informational purposes only; all
statements and information are provided “AS IS” and are presented without warranty of any kind, express or implied.
Our product/services offerings are subject to change without notice.
Trademarks
Rackspace, Fanatical Support, and RackConnect are service marks of Rackspace US, Inc. registered in the United
States and other countries. OpenStack is a trademark of OpenStack Foundation. Other trademarks and trade names
appearing in this presentation are the property of their respective holders. We do not intend our use or display of other
companies’ trade names, trademarks, or service marks to imply a relationship with, or endorsement or sponsorship of
us by, these other companies.

The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013

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CERN Introduction

Grids to Clouds
openlab
Use Case for Federation
Federation Details
What’s Next?
The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013

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The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013

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The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013

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Trigger Farms to Filter Data
• Around 1PB/s from the
detectors
• Filtered by farms of >1000
servers to 25Gb/s

The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013

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A Big Data Challenge

The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013

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Tier-0 (CERN):
•Data recording
•Initial data reconstruction
•Data distribution

Tier-1 (11 centres):
•Permanent storage
•Re-processing
•Analysis

Tier-2 (~200 centres):
• Simulation
• End-user analysis
• Data is recorded at CERN and Tier-1s and analysed in the Worldwide LHC
Computing Grid
• In a normal day, the grid provides 100,000 CPU days executing over 2 million jobs
The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013

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Grids and Clouds - Ian Bird (WLCG)
•

Grid: A distributed computing service
•
•
•

•

Cloud: viewed as a large (remote) data centre
•
•

•

Integrates distributed resources
Global single-sign-on (use same credential everywhere)
Enables (virtual) collaboration
Economy of scale – centralize resources in large centres
Virtualisation – enables dynamic provisioning of resources

Technologies are not exclusive
•
•

In the future our collaborative grid sites will use cloud
technologies (virtualisation etc.)
We will also use other cloud resources to supplement our own
The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013

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HPC, HSC, Grids, Clouds : Cloudscaling
• High Performance
Computing
• Single program
• e.g. CERN
Engineering
• High Scalability
Computing
• Throughput focus
• Can be distributed
• e.g. Physics
Simulation
http://www.cloudscaling.com/blog/cloud-computing/grid-cloud-hpc-whats-the-diff/

The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013

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CERN openlab in a nutshell
•

A science – industry partnership to drive
R&D and innovation with over a decade of
success

•

Evaluate state-of-the-art technologies in a
challenging environment and improve them

•

Test in a research environment today what
will be used in many business sectors
tomorrow

•

Train next generation of
engineers/employees

•

Disseminate results and outreach to new
audiences

The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013

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Virtuous Cycle
Produce
advanced
products
and
services

Test
prototypes
at CERN

CERN
needs
push the
limit

Apply new
techniques
and
technologi
es

A public-private partnership
between the research
community and industry

Joint
develop in
rapid
cycles

The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013

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Tests in Rackspace Public Cloud
•
•

Ran 6,288 virtual machines through the
Rackspace public cloud, 6 hours for each
Simulation workloads
•
•
•

High CPU
Low Disk I/O
Very low network I/O

The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013

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Cloud Resources are Isolated
Public Cloud such
as Rackspace

CERN Private
Cloud
22K cores

Many Others on
Their Way
NecTAR
Australia
Brookhaven
National Labs
IN2P3
Lyon

ATLAS Trigger
28K cores

The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013

CMS Trigger
12K cores

15
CERN/Rackspace Openlab project
•
•

•

Kicked off 1 October 2013
Full time developer working within OpenStack community on
this project

Project success = Demonstration of federated identity
and aggregated services between a Rackspace Private
Cloud at CERN and at least one other cloud.
The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013

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Openlab Use Cases
Rackspace
Private Cloud @
CERN

Rackspace Public
Cloud

CERN Private
Cloud

The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013

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Goals for a year of joint research
•
•
•

A reference architecture for federation of OpenStack
clouds
Blueprints and code contributions to the open source
communities
Presentations and white papers to allow others to build
on our findings

The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013

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How?
•

•

Deploy a Rackspace private cloud at CERN in parallel
with the CERN Private cloud
Investigate OpenStack cloud federation in areas such
as Authentication, Images, Networking and Metering
•
•
•

•

Architecture
Blueprints
Code and Configuration

Demonstrate burst workload from private clouds to
Rackspace public cloud
The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013

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Why Now?
•
•
•

Hybrid has been largely limited to single site, or multiple
sites with little integration
Use cases are all “future” for multiple site hybrid
distributed apps
CERN’s scale is ready to push this boundary into
multiple sites/multiple clouds, ideal use case and
environment to spur innovation and development of
capabilities required to meet this goal
The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013

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FEDERATION: priorities
1.

IDENTITY – how we
defined it:
As a user I want to use my
single set of existing
credentials to access
services across multiple
clouds.

The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013

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FEDERATION: priorities (cont.)
2.

AGGREGATED SERVICES – how we defined it:
•

SERVICE CATALOG:
As a user, when I authenticate using one set of credentials,
I’d like to retrieve a full set of services across clouds that I
can access with my token.

•

IMAGE MANAGEMENT/PORTABILITY:
As a user, I want to be able to update a compute image one
time in one place and make that available to build VM’s in
other clouds from that image.
The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013

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FEDERATION: priorities (cont.)
Future areas of work:

3.
•
•
•

Compute service enhancements
Usage
Rules/policy/business logic engine to support smart,
automated workload management

The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013

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FEDERATION: progress
Infrastructure:
•

Built 20 node Rackspace Private Cloud on premise at
CERN for testing

Identity:
•
•

Collaboration with Steve Martinelli (IBM), David Chadwick
(Kent) and Adam Young (RedHat)
Alignment around requirements and path forward (5th or
6th iteration of markdown)

The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013

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FEDERATION: progress
Identity (continued):
•
•
•

Outlined dev work
Starting development work
2 initial use cases:
1. After I authenticate against my local CERN Keystone and receive a
token, I can use it and play on Rackspace Private Cloud (RackspaceKeystone will communicate with CERN-Keystone and make sure the
token is valid, it's mine and so on).
2. Despite having an account at CERN, I may want to explicitly
authenticate against Rackspace Private Cloud Keystone, claiming
that it's trusted CERN Identity Provider who can authenticate me.

The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013

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FEDERATION: next steps
Identity:
•

Continue development against first 2 stories

Service Catalog and Images:
•

Begin discussions and determine next steps

The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013

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FEDERATION: some thoughts
• Good early traction: after 4 weeks, already have

made meaningful progress
• The right timing: Keystone v3 and previous oAuth

work provide a great foundation

The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013

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Why do we care?
It’s our strategy
OPEN TECHNOLOGIES

HYBRID CLOUD
DEDICATED

PUBLIC

Cofounded OpenStack to
power the Hybrid Cloud
and to provide flexibility to
run apps anywhere

FANATICAL SUPPORT®

PRIVATE

Best-fit architecture
for your application
and business needs for
today and the future
The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013

Trusted, committed
experts to help architect
and run your application
hosting platform

28
Industry Experts Agree

“Hybrid IT is the new IT and it is here to
stay….Hybrid IT creates symmetry between
internal and external IT services that will
force an IT and business paradigm shift
for years to come.“
- Chris Howard, Managing VP

"Hybrid is the end-state. A lot of people
say ‘the end state is cloud’ I don’t buy that
at all… It is about creating the right
architecture to support the application
and the evolution of the application over
time.”
- James Staten, VP & Principal Analyst

Gartner Source: http://www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/1940715
Forrester Source:http://www.rackspace.com/blog/why-hybrid-cloud-is-a-must-have-for-the-enterprise/

The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013

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What can you do?
1.

Get involved in the discussion
• Happening around Keystone at the moment
• More will follow with Glance

2.

Attend the design meetings this week for
Keystone and Glance

The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013

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Questions ?

The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013

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RACKSPACE® HOSTING

|

9/F, Cambridge House, Taikoo Place, 979 King’s Road

Sales: +852 3752 6465
RACKSPACE® HOSTING

|

© RACKSPACE US, INC.

|

|

Support +852 3752 6464

|

|

Quarry Bay, Hong Kong

www.rackspace.com.hk

RACKSPACE® AND FANATICAL SUPPORT® ARE SERVICE MARKS OF RACKSPACE US, INC. REGISTERED IN TH E UNITED STATES AND OTHER COUNTRIES.

3
2
Additional Design Sessions
“Federated Identity”
•
•

Thursday at 4:30pm
AWE Level 2, Room 201B

“Federated Identity (cont)”
•
•

Thursday at 5:20pm
AWE Level 2, Room 201B

“OAuth, Trusts and Delegation”
•
•

Friday at 2:20pm
AWE Level 2, Room 201B

The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013

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Federation: Cloud to cloud identity federation
with minimal client changes

The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013

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The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013

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Who is Rackspace?

The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013

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Where is Rackspace?

The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013

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Rackspace and OpenStack by the Numbers

2,800+
CI/CD

PRODUCT UPDATES
SINCE LAUNCH

1.081B
API VOLUME

API CALLS ON CLOUD SERVERS
SINCE LAUNCH

32,200+ 70%
PRIVATE CLOUD

MARKET SHARE

DOWNLOADS
SINCE AUGUST 2012

OF 2013 OPENSTACK MARKET
(451 GROUP)

The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013

38

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TOWARDS Hybrid OpenStack Clouds in the Real World

  • 1. TOWARDS Hybrid OpenStack Clouds in the Real World Tim Bell tim.bell@cern.ch Toby Owen toby.owen@rackspace.com The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013 1
  • 2. Head of Technical Strategy Rackspace Lives in London, UK toby.owen@rackspace.com Head of Infrastructure Services, CERN Lives in Geneva, Switzerland tim.bell@cern.ch The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013 Research Fellow CERN Lives in Geneva, Switzerland marek.denis@cern.ch 2
  • 3. Legal Disclaimers This presentation outlines general information regarding our services and is for informational purposes only; all statements and information are provided “AS IS” and are presented without warranty of any kind, express or implied. Our product/services offerings are subject to change without notice. Trademarks Rackspace, Fanatical Support, and RackConnect are service marks of Rackspace US, Inc. registered in the United States and other countries. OpenStack is a trademark of OpenStack Foundation. Other trademarks and trade names appearing in this presentation are the property of their respective holders. We do not intend our use or display of other companies’ trade names, trademarks, or service marks to imply a relationship with, or endorsement or sponsorship of us by, these other companies. The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013 3
  • 4. CERN Introduction Grids to Clouds openlab Use Case for Federation Federation Details What’s Next? The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013 4
  • 5. The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013 5
  • 6. The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013 6
  • 7. Trigger Farms to Filter Data • Around 1PB/s from the detectors • Filtered by farms of >1000 servers to 25Gb/s The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013 7
  • 8. A Big Data Challenge The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013 8
  • 9. Tier-0 (CERN): •Data recording •Initial data reconstruction •Data distribution Tier-1 (11 centres): •Permanent storage •Re-processing •Analysis Tier-2 (~200 centres): • Simulation • End-user analysis • Data is recorded at CERN and Tier-1s and analysed in the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid • In a normal day, the grid provides 100,000 CPU days executing over 2 million jobs The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013 9
  • 10. Grids and Clouds - Ian Bird (WLCG) • Grid: A distributed computing service • • • • Cloud: viewed as a large (remote) data centre • • • Integrates distributed resources Global single-sign-on (use same credential everywhere) Enables (virtual) collaboration Economy of scale – centralize resources in large centres Virtualisation – enables dynamic provisioning of resources Technologies are not exclusive • • In the future our collaborative grid sites will use cloud technologies (virtualisation etc.) We will also use other cloud resources to supplement our own The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013 10
  • 11. HPC, HSC, Grids, Clouds : Cloudscaling • High Performance Computing • Single program • e.g. CERN Engineering • High Scalability Computing • Throughput focus • Can be distributed • e.g. Physics Simulation http://www.cloudscaling.com/blog/cloud-computing/grid-cloud-hpc-whats-the-diff/ The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013 11
  • 12. CERN openlab in a nutshell • A science – industry partnership to drive R&D and innovation with over a decade of success • Evaluate state-of-the-art technologies in a challenging environment and improve them • Test in a research environment today what will be used in many business sectors tomorrow • Train next generation of engineers/employees • Disseminate results and outreach to new audiences The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013 12
  • 13. Virtuous Cycle Produce advanced products and services Test prototypes at CERN CERN needs push the limit Apply new techniques and technologi es A public-private partnership between the research community and industry Joint develop in rapid cycles The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013 13
  • 14. Tests in Rackspace Public Cloud • • Ran 6,288 virtual machines through the Rackspace public cloud, 6 hours for each Simulation workloads • • • High CPU Low Disk I/O Very low network I/O The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013 14
  • 15. Cloud Resources are Isolated Public Cloud such as Rackspace CERN Private Cloud 22K cores Many Others on Their Way NecTAR Australia Brookhaven National Labs IN2P3 Lyon ATLAS Trigger 28K cores The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013 CMS Trigger 12K cores 15
  • 16. CERN/Rackspace Openlab project • • • Kicked off 1 October 2013 Full time developer working within OpenStack community on this project Project success = Demonstration of federated identity and aggregated services between a Rackspace Private Cloud at CERN and at least one other cloud. The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013 16
  • 17. Openlab Use Cases Rackspace Private Cloud @ CERN Rackspace Public Cloud CERN Private Cloud The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013 17
  • 18. Goals for a year of joint research • • • A reference architecture for federation of OpenStack clouds Blueprints and code contributions to the open source communities Presentations and white papers to allow others to build on our findings The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013 18
  • 19. How? • • Deploy a Rackspace private cloud at CERN in parallel with the CERN Private cloud Investigate OpenStack cloud federation in areas such as Authentication, Images, Networking and Metering • • • • Architecture Blueprints Code and Configuration Demonstrate burst workload from private clouds to Rackspace public cloud The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013 19
  • 20. Why Now? • • • Hybrid has been largely limited to single site, or multiple sites with little integration Use cases are all “future” for multiple site hybrid distributed apps CERN’s scale is ready to push this boundary into multiple sites/multiple clouds, ideal use case and environment to spur innovation and development of capabilities required to meet this goal The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013 20
  • 21. FEDERATION: priorities 1. IDENTITY – how we defined it: As a user I want to use my single set of existing credentials to access services across multiple clouds. The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013 21
  • 22. FEDERATION: priorities (cont.) 2. AGGREGATED SERVICES – how we defined it: • SERVICE CATALOG: As a user, when I authenticate using one set of credentials, I’d like to retrieve a full set of services across clouds that I can access with my token. • IMAGE MANAGEMENT/PORTABILITY: As a user, I want to be able to update a compute image one time in one place and make that available to build VM’s in other clouds from that image. The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013 22
  • 23. FEDERATION: priorities (cont.) Future areas of work: 3. • • • Compute service enhancements Usage Rules/policy/business logic engine to support smart, automated workload management The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013 23
  • 24. FEDERATION: progress Infrastructure: • Built 20 node Rackspace Private Cloud on premise at CERN for testing Identity: • • Collaboration with Steve Martinelli (IBM), David Chadwick (Kent) and Adam Young (RedHat) Alignment around requirements and path forward (5th or 6th iteration of markdown) The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013 24
  • 25. FEDERATION: progress Identity (continued): • • • Outlined dev work Starting development work 2 initial use cases: 1. After I authenticate against my local CERN Keystone and receive a token, I can use it and play on Rackspace Private Cloud (RackspaceKeystone will communicate with CERN-Keystone and make sure the token is valid, it's mine and so on). 2. Despite having an account at CERN, I may want to explicitly authenticate against Rackspace Private Cloud Keystone, claiming that it's trusted CERN Identity Provider who can authenticate me. The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013 25
  • 26. FEDERATION: next steps Identity: • Continue development against first 2 stories Service Catalog and Images: • Begin discussions and determine next steps The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013 26
  • 27. FEDERATION: some thoughts • Good early traction: after 4 weeks, already have made meaningful progress • The right timing: Keystone v3 and previous oAuth work provide a great foundation The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013 27
  • 28. Why do we care? It’s our strategy OPEN TECHNOLOGIES HYBRID CLOUD DEDICATED PUBLIC Cofounded OpenStack to power the Hybrid Cloud and to provide flexibility to run apps anywhere FANATICAL SUPPORT® PRIVATE Best-fit architecture for your application and business needs for today and the future The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013 Trusted, committed experts to help architect and run your application hosting platform 28
  • 29. Industry Experts Agree “Hybrid IT is the new IT and it is here to stay….Hybrid IT creates symmetry between internal and external IT services that will force an IT and business paradigm shift for years to come.“ - Chris Howard, Managing VP "Hybrid is the end-state. A lot of people say ‘the end state is cloud’ I don’t buy that at all… It is about creating the right architecture to support the application and the evolution of the application over time.” - James Staten, VP & Principal Analyst Gartner Source: http://www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/1940715 Forrester Source:http://www.rackspace.com/blog/why-hybrid-cloud-is-a-must-have-for-the-enterprise/ The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013 29
  • 30. What can you do? 1. Get involved in the discussion • Happening around Keystone at the moment • More will follow with Glance 2. Attend the design meetings this week for Keystone and Glance The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013 30
  • 31. Questions ? The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013 31
  • 32. RACKSPACE® HOSTING | 9/F, Cambridge House, Taikoo Place, 979 King’s Road Sales: +852 3752 6465 RACKSPACE® HOSTING | © RACKSPACE US, INC. | | Support +852 3752 6464 | | Quarry Bay, Hong Kong www.rackspace.com.hk RACKSPACE® AND FANATICAL SUPPORT® ARE SERVICE MARKS OF RACKSPACE US, INC. REGISTERED IN TH E UNITED STATES AND OTHER COUNTRIES. 3 2
  • 33. Additional Design Sessions “Federated Identity” • • Thursday at 4:30pm AWE Level 2, Room 201B “Federated Identity (cont)” • • Thursday at 5:20pm AWE Level 2, Room 201B “OAuth, Trusts and Delegation” • • Friday at 2:20pm AWE Level 2, Room 201B The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013 33
  • 34. Federation: Cloud to cloud identity federation with minimal client changes The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013 34
  • 35. The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013 35
  • 36. Who is Rackspace? The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013 36
  • 37. Where is Rackspace? The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013 37
  • 38. Rackspace and OpenStack by the Numbers 2,800+ CI/CD PRODUCT UPDATES SINCE LAUNCH 1.081B API VOLUME API CALLS ON CLOUD SERVERS SINCE LAUNCH 32,200+ 70% PRIVATE CLOUD MARKET SHARE DOWNLOADS SINCE AUGUST 2012 OF 2013 OPENSTACK MARKET (451 GROUP) The OpenStack Summit Hong Kong 2013 38

Editor's Notes

  1. These collisions produce data, lots of it. Over 100PB currently 45,000 tapes… data rates of up to 35 PB/year currently and expected to significantly increase in the next run in 2015. The data must be kept at least 20 years so we’re expecting exabytes….
  2. The Worldwide LHC Computing grid is used to record and analyse this data. The grid currently runs over 2 million jobs/day, less than 10% of the work is done at CERN. There is an agreed set of protocols for running jobs, data distribution and accounting between all the sites which co-operate in order to support the physicists across the globe.
  3. The trigger farms are those servers nearest the accelerator which are not needed while the accelerator is shut down till 2015Public clouds are interesting for burst load (such as coming up to a conference) or when price drops such as spot marketPrivate clouds allow universities and other research labs to collaborate in processing the LHC data
  4. A good way to think about this is like a google or facebook account. I can use a single login, or identity, to access many services.It creates a cloud of clouds.THIS WORK IS BEING DONE IN THE KEYSTONE PROJECT
  5. Service catalog work is being done in KeystoneImage Management work is being done within Glance