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August 2000   European Institute for Research and Strategic Studies in Telecommunications GmbH




                                    Deliverable 2
                                                    Guidelines for the design
                                                    of UMTS Access Networks
                                                                                Project P921-PF
Project P921


                                                         Services, applications and
 Goals                                                   Quality of Service
 The main target of this work was to                     UMTS is going to support a variety of services     obtained by means of a link level simulator to
 develop recommendations and guide-                      and applications, using both circuit and pack-     corrupt the application bit stream and to
 lines for UMTS network design and                       et switched access. In the framework of            evaluate the degradation of the quality due to
 implementation. These guidelines and                    EURESCOM project P921 three kinds of               the radio interface.
 recommendations are to support plan-                    applications have been selected for Quality of
 ners and operators in designing and                     Service analysis: audio retrieval, MPEG-4 video    The results of the tests have shown a strong
 implementing efficient UMTS networks.                   download applications, and IP-based appli-         impact of the UTRA interface on the Quality of

                                                           Application testing




                                                                  Link Level                                                            Subjective
                                                                                                    Application
                                                                  Simulator                                                              Testing
                                                                                     Error                            Application
                                                                                    patterns                         performance




                                                                      UTRA
                                                                   character-                                                               QoS
                                                                     isation




                                                         cations (web browsing, ftp). The objective of      Service. For example, real time streaming
                                                         the quality test was to assess the impact of       of high quality music over UMTS requires a
                                                         the UTRA (UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access)           highly protected channel, at least when the
                                                         interface on the selected applications. The test   application is not using any error resilience
                                                         method applied was to use the error patterns       tools.



     Cell coverage                                         Cell breathing: left lower, right higher cell traffic

     in UMTS
     One of the fundamental characteristics of
     CDMA systems implemented in UMTS is that
     the coverage range is intrinsically linked to the
     capacity of the system: the more traffic is
     carried by a cell, the smaller the coverage area
     of the cell becomes. This phenomenon is
     known as “cell breathing“, which shows the
     service area of one base station with different
     traffic loads in the system. This dynamic
     behaviour makes cell planning and network
     dimensioning a very complex process.



                                                         Traditional static prediction methods are not      Link level, considering the effects of the radio
                                                         appropriate. Therefore simulation and statis-      channel on individual bits transmitted in a
                                                         tical modelling techniques have to be used.        single communication.
                                                         However, the system is very complex, with so       System level, considering a number of cells
                                                         many interactions, that the simulation has         and mobiles, based on output parameters
                                                         been split into two parts:                         from individual link simulations produced at
                                                                                                            link level.
UTRAN characterisation
UTRAN, the UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access            Resulting system working point for the 8 kbit/s voice service
Network, operates in two modes, the UTRA            as a function of mobile speed and number of users per slot
FDD and the UTRA TDD mode. The UTRAN                (downlink – Vehicular A channel)
link level simulation results of P921 are given
for the voice service, circuit switched data
                                                          System working point [Eb/No @ BER = 0,1 %]
service (LCD, Long Constrained Delay) and for
                                                           15
packet switched data service (UDD Uncon-                                                                                            8 users
                                                                                                                                    per slot
strained Delay Data) over the ETSI / ITU                   14

propagation channels (vehicular A/B, outdoor               13
                                                                                                                                    4 users
to indoor A/B). The simulations include                    12                                                                       per slot
realistic algorithms for closed loop power                 11
                                                                                                                                    1 user
control and pilot assisted channel estimation.                                                                                      per slot
                                                           10
For the up-link channel, the antenna diversity
                                                           9
technique has been implemented by doubling
the Rake receiver structure and using an equal             8

gain combiner before decoding. Voice service               7
was simulated at 8 kbits/s, and LCD and UDD                      1                10                100                1000

services at 64, 144 and 384 kbits/s.                                              Mobile speed [km/h]




Link budget                                         Link-level simulation results

and cell sizes                                            Cell radius [km]

The link budget is calculated by the following             2,0
                                                                                                                                UMTS speech
procedure:
1. Uplink path loss evaluation                             1,5
                                                                                                                                GSM 1800
2. Downlink power level evaluation at cell
   border
                                                           1
3. Downlink EIRP value evaluation per traffic                                                                                   UMTS LCD384
                                                                                                                                (Long Constrained
   channel (Effective Isotropic Radiated Power                                                                                  Delay 384kb/s)

   – i.e. how much power you would be trans-               0,5

   mitting if transmitting in a perfect sphere)                                                                                 UMTS UDD480
                                                                                                                                (Unconstrained
4. Downlink power evaluation per traffic                   0                                                                    Delay Data 480kb/s)
   channel                                                       21    22    23     24   25   26     27    28     29     30
5. Downlink path loss evaluation                                      Average power of the mobile station [dBm]

On the basis of the radio link results the UMTS
(FDD component based on W-CDMA access)
link budget has been evaluated for the case of    a function of average power of the mobile sta-    cell radius is greater than the one of GSM
an urban environment. The cell radius of the      tion and offered service (70 % cell load). The    1800. In contrast to this, the coverage in UMTS
UMTS system has been compared with the            UMTS cell radius is compared to the cell radius   is smaller than in GSM 1800 systems for the
one of GSM 1800. The figure presents results      of a GSM 1800 system. It is worth noting that     other services.
from link level simulations: The coverage range   in the GSM 1800 case the cell radius is not
of UMTS services in the urban environment as      related to the system load. The results show
                                                  that, in the case of a voice service, the UMTS



UTRAN architecture
The UMTS Radio Access Network is built            RNC is connected to the Core Network (both        that cells and RNCs are identified – normally
around two new nodes and three new inter-         packet and circuit domains) by the Iu inter-      by the number of bits in the identities, but
faces (see the figure). The Node B is effec-      face; RNCs are connected together with the        sometimes hidden elsewhere in the protocol
tively a UMTS “base station“, while a Radio       Iur interface. Each Node B is connected to an     definitions. There is currently no restriction of
Network Controller (RNC) is comparable with       RNC by the Iub interface.There are some fun-      the numbers of Nodes B in a Radio Network
a GSM Base Station Controller (BSC). Each         damental limits on the numbers of cells and       Subsystem (RNS) or PLMN.
                                                  RNCs that can be supported, due to the way
UTRAN architecture
According to standardisation the limits are as
follows:
s Maximum number of Cells in a PLMN                                           Iu                                              Iu
    26,435,456
s Maximum number of RNCs in a PLMN                          RNS                                             RNS
    4,096
s Maximum number of Cells in an RNS                                        RNC                                             RNC
    65,536                                                                                           Iur
s Maximum number of Nodes B in an RNS
    No limit defined in the standards                                                Iub                                             Iub
s Maximum number of Cells in a Node B
                                                                  Node B           Node B                         Node B           Node B
    No limit currently defined in the standards

In practice, the maximum numbers supported
by the vendors will vary and are likely to be
lower than the absolute limit stated here.



Infrastructure sharing
Given the limited number of sites for new base    operators. In contrast to the mechanical             antennas and feeders, and assuming that
stations, and the cost of errecting new masts,    issues, there should be no problem with the          the structure is capable of withstanding the
site sharing between 3G and GSM is likely to      co-location of W-CDMA and GSM900/1800                additional wind load. This has to be deter-
be of importance, especially for existing         sites. It should be possible to share the same       mined on a case by case basis.
                                                  headframe between GSM and UMTS, assum-
                                                  ing there is sufficient space for the additional



Hierarchical cell structures
UMTS, as GSM, supports the deployment of          specified in UMTS will result in a minimum           equipment designed to a later release of the
micro cells within macro cells to provide         obtainable cell radius, which is accentuated         standards is available. These issues require
increased capacity in traffic hot spots and       when good line of sight is achieved. There is        further investigation. There are two options for
coverage where previously none has existed.       also some doubt about the suitability of the         the choice of carrier for micro cells:
However, there is some concern that the           currently specified soft handover mechanism          s Same carrier for micro/macro cells
limited dynamic range of the terminal power as    for use in contiguous micro-cellular coverage        s Different carriers for micro/macro cells
                                                  areas. Therefore it could be that micro cells
                                                  cannot be designed to perform optimally until



Increasing the coverage area
The UTRAN will support six sectored sites,          3 sectors – 900 beamwidth (left) compared to 6 sectors –
which could maximise coverage and capacity          600 beamwidth (right)
of UMTS sites. The basic principle is that by
using six narrow beam antennas, the coverage
area of a cell will be extended due to the
increased forward gain, and the capacity will
be double that of a three-sectored cell. The
use of six sectors can lead to an increase in
the coverage area that is served by multiple
cells (i.e. the soft handover region), depend-
ing on the local propagation conditions and
the antenna pattern. The two figures show the
overlap between the antenna patterns. This
does not match the soft handover regions, but
it shows, how the overlap can increase, given
certain antenna beamwidths.
Conclusions
s   The number of services in a UMTS system             coverage is intrinsically linked to the      performance of the TDD mode is more influ-
    is substantially higher compared to GSM,            capacity of the system. Cells are breathing; enced by the mobile speed than the FDD
    which makes the network design more                 the coverage range for voice varies between  mode. For the voice service, the UMTS cell
    complex. Packet switched mode allows cost-          200 m and 1.4 km, depending on the           radius is greater than the GSM 1800 one.
    effective transport of data, but requires QoS       number of users. Traditional static predic-  Data services with data rates higher than
    control. Some applications such as voice or         tion methods for network planning are not    384 kbit/s have a lower cell radius com-
    real-time video require throughput with a           applicable.                                  pared to GSM 1800.
    guaranteed data rate and maximum delay.         s   Two link level simulators (W-CDMA and TD- s The Project has reviewed available system
    Mobile communication applications have to           CDMA) have been developed in the project     level simulators, and established scenarios
    be designed according to the user mobility,         to evaluate the radio performance of UTRA.   for system level simulations. A future pro-
    the radio environment (user speed and               The main outcome of link level simulations   ject is envisaged to analyse these scenarios.
    coverage radius), the application topology,         is the system working point, the minimum
    and the user terminal requirements.                 Eb/No (ratio between energy per bit and A more detailed version of this deliverable is
    Current applications content, e.g. JPEG,            noise). Voice services have an almost available at:
    does not allow missing data.                        constant system working point with respect
s   UMTS radio interface has a strong impact            to the mobile speed in the range of http://www.eurescom.de/
    on the QoS of applications, requiring an            3-250 km/h. Data services (LCD & UDD) public/projects/P900-series/
    error-resistant mechanism to obtain the             are more sensitive to the mobile speed and p921/P921.htm
    required QoS level. In a CDMA network               to the propagation environment. The link



About P921                                          Publications resulting from this work:
EURESCOM Project P921-PF started on 1. D. Wake and R. E. Schuh, IEE Electronics 3. Ralf E. Schuh and David Wake, Proceedings,
23 February 1999 with a planned duration of  Letters, vol. 36, no. 10, pp. 901-902, 2000. IEEE International Conference on Third
18 months. The total budget was 100 MM. 2. D. Wake and R. E. Schuh, Technical Digest,     Generation Wireless Communications, IEEE
Additional information can be obtained from: International Topical Meeting on Microwave   3g Wireless'2000, San Francisco, Silicon
                                             Photonics – MWP’99, Post deadline paper,     Valley, USA, ISSN No. 1529-2592 (2000),
 http://www.eurescom.de/
                                             Session F-12, pp. 9-12, ISBN 0-7803-5558-    pp. 48 – 51, June 14 - 16, 2000
 public/projects/P900-series/
                                             X, Melbourne, Australia, November 17 – 19,
 p921/P921.htm
                                             1999.



The Project team:
    Project Members
    Name                                                Company                                     Email
    Josef Noll (Project Leader)                         Telenor                                     josef.noll@telenor.com
    Jon Harris                                          BT                                          jon.w.harris@bt.com
    Milan Jankovic                                      Community of Yugoslav PTT                   ljiljamj@eunet.yu
    Borislav Odadzic                                                                                zjptt@eunet.yu
    Armando Annunziato                                  CSELT – Telecom Italia Group                armando.annunziato@cselt.it
    Enrico Buracchini                                                                               enrico.buracchini@cselt.it
    Bruno Melis                                                                                     bruno.melis@cselt.it
    Anne-Gaële Acx                                      France Télécom                              annegaele.acx@rd.francetelecom.fr
    Jean-Francois Chaumet                                                                           jeanfrancois.chaumet@rd.francetelecom.fr
    Nicolas Guerin                                                                                  nicolas.Guerin@rd.francetelecom.fr
    Georgos Agapiou                                     OTE                                         gagapiou@oteresearch.gr
    Dimitrios Xenikos                                                                               dimitrios.xenikos@oteresearch.gr
    Amparo Sanmateu                                     T-Nova                                      amparo.sanmateu@telekom.de
    Ignacio Berberabana                                 Telefónica I+D                              ibfm@tid.es
    Héctor González                                                                                 hector@tid.es
    Fernando Martinez                                                                               fvega@tid.es
    Jorge Montero                                                                                   jams@tid.es
    Arild Jacobsen                                      Telenor                                     arild.jacobsen@telenor.com
    Tor Jansen                                                                                      tor-magnus.jansen@telenor.com
    Tore Arthur Worren                                                                              tore-arthur.worren@telenor.com

    Uwe Herzog (Project Supervisor)                     EURESCOM                                    herzog@eurescom.de
What is EURESCOM?

EURESCOM is the European institute for col-
laborative research and strategic studies in all
areas of telecommunications. Currently there
are 24 Operators from 23 European countries
participating in EURESCOM.

It acts as technical forum for sharing visions
and concepts, as an initiator of targeted activ-
ities, and as facilitator for common under-
takings on technical issues.

EURESCOM is open to any European Network
Operator or Service Provider who may wish
to join.




                                                   © 2000 EURESCOM Participants in Project P921-PF




EURESCOM GmbH
Schloss-Wolfsbrunnenweg 35
D-69118 Heidelberg, Germany
Tel.:      +49 6221 989 - 0
Fax:       +49 6221 989 - 209
http://www.eurescom.de
e-mail: info@eurescom.de

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P921 d2 brochure

  • 1. August 2000 European Institute for Research and Strategic Studies in Telecommunications GmbH Deliverable 2 Guidelines for the design of UMTS Access Networks Project P921-PF
  • 2. Project P921 Services, applications and Goals Quality of Service The main target of this work was to UMTS is going to support a variety of services obtained by means of a link level simulator to develop recommendations and guide- and applications, using both circuit and pack- corrupt the application bit stream and to lines for UMTS network design and et switched access. In the framework of evaluate the degradation of the quality due to implementation. These guidelines and EURESCOM project P921 three kinds of the radio interface. recommendations are to support plan- applications have been selected for Quality of ners and operators in designing and Service analysis: audio retrieval, MPEG-4 video The results of the tests have shown a strong implementing efficient UMTS networks. download applications, and IP-based appli- impact of the UTRA interface on the Quality of Application testing Link Level Subjective Application Simulator Testing Error Application patterns performance UTRA character- QoS isation cations (web browsing, ftp). The objective of Service. For example, real time streaming the quality test was to assess the impact of of high quality music over UMTS requires a the UTRA (UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access) highly protected channel, at least when the interface on the selected applications. The test application is not using any error resilience method applied was to use the error patterns tools. Cell coverage Cell breathing: left lower, right higher cell traffic in UMTS One of the fundamental characteristics of CDMA systems implemented in UMTS is that the coverage range is intrinsically linked to the capacity of the system: the more traffic is carried by a cell, the smaller the coverage area of the cell becomes. This phenomenon is known as “cell breathing“, which shows the service area of one base station with different traffic loads in the system. This dynamic behaviour makes cell planning and network dimensioning a very complex process. Traditional static prediction methods are not Link level, considering the effects of the radio appropriate. Therefore simulation and statis- channel on individual bits transmitted in a tical modelling techniques have to be used. single communication. However, the system is very complex, with so System level, considering a number of cells many interactions, that the simulation has and mobiles, based on output parameters been split into two parts: from individual link simulations produced at link level.
  • 3. UTRAN characterisation UTRAN, the UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Resulting system working point for the 8 kbit/s voice service Network, operates in two modes, the UTRA as a function of mobile speed and number of users per slot FDD and the UTRA TDD mode. The UTRAN (downlink – Vehicular A channel) link level simulation results of P921 are given for the voice service, circuit switched data System working point [Eb/No @ BER = 0,1 %] service (LCD, Long Constrained Delay) and for 15 packet switched data service (UDD Uncon- 8 users per slot strained Delay Data) over the ETSI / ITU 14 propagation channels (vehicular A/B, outdoor 13 4 users to indoor A/B). The simulations include 12 per slot realistic algorithms for closed loop power 11 1 user control and pilot assisted channel estimation. per slot 10 For the up-link channel, the antenna diversity 9 technique has been implemented by doubling the Rake receiver structure and using an equal 8 gain combiner before decoding. Voice service 7 was simulated at 8 kbits/s, and LCD and UDD 1 10 100 1000 services at 64, 144 and 384 kbits/s. Mobile speed [km/h] Link budget Link-level simulation results and cell sizes Cell radius [km] The link budget is calculated by the following 2,0 UMTS speech procedure: 1. Uplink path loss evaluation 1,5 GSM 1800 2. Downlink power level evaluation at cell border 1 3. Downlink EIRP value evaluation per traffic UMTS LCD384 (Long Constrained channel (Effective Isotropic Radiated Power Delay 384kb/s) – i.e. how much power you would be trans- 0,5 mitting if transmitting in a perfect sphere) UMTS UDD480 (Unconstrained 4. Downlink power evaluation per traffic 0 Delay Data 480kb/s) channel 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 5. Downlink path loss evaluation Average power of the mobile station [dBm] On the basis of the radio link results the UMTS (FDD component based on W-CDMA access) link budget has been evaluated for the case of a function of average power of the mobile sta- cell radius is greater than the one of GSM an urban environment. The cell radius of the tion and offered service (70 % cell load). The 1800. In contrast to this, the coverage in UMTS UMTS system has been compared with the UMTS cell radius is compared to the cell radius is smaller than in GSM 1800 systems for the one of GSM 1800. The figure presents results of a GSM 1800 system. It is worth noting that other services. from link level simulations: The coverage range in the GSM 1800 case the cell radius is not of UMTS services in the urban environment as related to the system load. The results show that, in the case of a voice service, the UMTS UTRAN architecture The UMTS Radio Access Network is built RNC is connected to the Core Network (both that cells and RNCs are identified – normally around two new nodes and three new inter- packet and circuit domains) by the Iu inter- by the number of bits in the identities, but faces (see the figure). The Node B is effec- face; RNCs are connected together with the sometimes hidden elsewhere in the protocol tively a UMTS “base station“, while a Radio Iur interface. Each Node B is connected to an definitions. There is currently no restriction of Network Controller (RNC) is comparable with RNC by the Iub interface.There are some fun- the numbers of Nodes B in a Radio Network a GSM Base Station Controller (BSC). Each damental limits on the numbers of cells and Subsystem (RNS) or PLMN. RNCs that can be supported, due to the way
  • 4. UTRAN architecture According to standardisation the limits are as follows: s Maximum number of Cells in a PLMN Iu Iu 26,435,456 s Maximum number of RNCs in a PLMN RNS RNS 4,096 s Maximum number of Cells in an RNS RNC RNC 65,536 Iur s Maximum number of Nodes B in an RNS No limit defined in the standards Iub Iub s Maximum number of Cells in a Node B Node B Node B Node B Node B No limit currently defined in the standards In practice, the maximum numbers supported by the vendors will vary and are likely to be lower than the absolute limit stated here. Infrastructure sharing Given the limited number of sites for new base operators. In contrast to the mechanical antennas and feeders, and assuming that stations, and the cost of errecting new masts, issues, there should be no problem with the the structure is capable of withstanding the site sharing between 3G and GSM is likely to co-location of W-CDMA and GSM900/1800 additional wind load. This has to be deter- be of importance, especially for existing sites. It should be possible to share the same mined on a case by case basis. headframe between GSM and UMTS, assum- ing there is sufficient space for the additional Hierarchical cell structures UMTS, as GSM, supports the deployment of specified in UMTS will result in a minimum equipment designed to a later release of the micro cells within macro cells to provide obtainable cell radius, which is accentuated standards is available. These issues require increased capacity in traffic hot spots and when good line of sight is achieved. There is further investigation. There are two options for coverage where previously none has existed. also some doubt about the suitability of the the choice of carrier for micro cells: However, there is some concern that the currently specified soft handover mechanism s Same carrier for micro/macro cells limited dynamic range of the terminal power as for use in contiguous micro-cellular coverage s Different carriers for micro/macro cells areas. Therefore it could be that micro cells cannot be designed to perform optimally until Increasing the coverage area The UTRAN will support six sectored sites, 3 sectors – 900 beamwidth (left) compared to 6 sectors – which could maximise coverage and capacity 600 beamwidth (right) of UMTS sites. The basic principle is that by using six narrow beam antennas, the coverage area of a cell will be extended due to the increased forward gain, and the capacity will be double that of a three-sectored cell. The use of six sectors can lead to an increase in the coverage area that is served by multiple cells (i.e. the soft handover region), depend- ing on the local propagation conditions and the antenna pattern. The two figures show the overlap between the antenna patterns. This does not match the soft handover regions, but it shows, how the overlap can increase, given certain antenna beamwidths.
  • 5. Conclusions s The number of services in a UMTS system coverage is intrinsically linked to the performance of the TDD mode is more influ- is substantially higher compared to GSM, capacity of the system. Cells are breathing; enced by the mobile speed than the FDD which makes the network design more the coverage range for voice varies between mode. For the voice service, the UMTS cell complex. Packet switched mode allows cost- 200 m and 1.4 km, depending on the radius is greater than the GSM 1800 one. effective transport of data, but requires QoS number of users. Traditional static predic- Data services with data rates higher than control. Some applications such as voice or tion methods for network planning are not 384 kbit/s have a lower cell radius com- real-time video require throughput with a applicable. pared to GSM 1800. guaranteed data rate and maximum delay. s Two link level simulators (W-CDMA and TD- s The Project has reviewed available system Mobile communication applications have to CDMA) have been developed in the project level simulators, and established scenarios be designed according to the user mobility, to evaluate the radio performance of UTRA. for system level simulations. A future pro- the radio environment (user speed and The main outcome of link level simulations ject is envisaged to analyse these scenarios. coverage radius), the application topology, is the system working point, the minimum and the user terminal requirements. Eb/No (ratio between energy per bit and A more detailed version of this deliverable is Current applications content, e.g. JPEG, noise). Voice services have an almost available at: does not allow missing data. constant system working point with respect s UMTS radio interface has a strong impact to the mobile speed in the range of http://www.eurescom.de/ on the QoS of applications, requiring an 3-250 km/h. Data services (LCD & UDD) public/projects/P900-series/ error-resistant mechanism to obtain the are more sensitive to the mobile speed and p921/P921.htm required QoS level. In a CDMA network to the propagation environment. The link About P921 Publications resulting from this work: EURESCOM Project P921-PF started on 1. D. Wake and R. E. Schuh, IEE Electronics 3. Ralf E. Schuh and David Wake, Proceedings, 23 February 1999 with a planned duration of Letters, vol. 36, no. 10, pp. 901-902, 2000. IEEE International Conference on Third 18 months. The total budget was 100 MM. 2. D. Wake and R. E. Schuh, Technical Digest, Generation Wireless Communications, IEEE Additional information can be obtained from: International Topical Meeting on Microwave 3g Wireless'2000, San Francisco, Silicon Photonics – MWP’99, Post deadline paper, Valley, USA, ISSN No. 1529-2592 (2000), http://www.eurescom.de/ Session F-12, pp. 9-12, ISBN 0-7803-5558- pp. 48 – 51, June 14 - 16, 2000 public/projects/P900-series/ X, Melbourne, Australia, November 17 – 19, p921/P921.htm 1999. The Project team: Project Members Name Company Email Josef Noll (Project Leader) Telenor josef.noll@telenor.com Jon Harris BT jon.w.harris@bt.com Milan Jankovic Community of Yugoslav PTT ljiljamj@eunet.yu Borislav Odadzic zjptt@eunet.yu Armando Annunziato CSELT – Telecom Italia Group armando.annunziato@cselt.it Enrico Buracchini enrico.buracchini@cselt.it Bruno Melis bruno.melis@cselt.it Anne-Gaële Acx France Télécom annegaele.acx@rd.francetelecom.fr Jean-Francois Chaumet jeanfrancois.chaumet@rd.francetelecom.fr Nicolas Guerin nicolas.Guerin@rd.francetelecom.fr Georgos Agapiou OTE gagapiou@oteresearch.gr Dimitrios Xenikos dimitrios.xenikos@oteresearch.gr Amparo Sanmateu T-Nova amparo.sanmateu@telekom.de Ignacio Berberabana Telefónica I+D ibfm@tid.es Héctor González hector@tid.es Fernando Martinez fvega@tid.es Jorge Montero jams@tid.es Arild Jacobsen Telenor arild.jacobsen@telenor.com Tor Jansen tor-magnus.jansen@telenor.com Tore Arthur Worren tore-arthur.worren@telenor.com Uwe Herzog (Project Supervisor) EURESCOM herzog@eurescom.de
  • 6. What is EURESCOM? EURESCOM is the European institute for col- laborative research and strategic studies in all areas of telecommunications. Currently there are 24 Operators from 23 European countries participating in EURESCOM. It acts as technical forum for sharing visions and concepts, as an initiator of targeted activ- ities, and as facilitator for common under- takings on technical issues. EURESCOM is open to any European Network Operator or Service Provider who may wish to join. © 2000 EURESCOM Participants in Project P921-PF EURESCOM GmbH Schloss-Wolfsbrunnenweg 35 D-69118 Heidelberg, Germany Tel.: +49 6221 989 - 0 Fax: +49 6221 989 - 209 http://www.eurescom.de e-mail: info@eurescom.de