Socio-Cultural Analysis Paper

Socio-Cultural Analysis Paper
Socio–Cultural Analysis of Turkmenistan
Throughout the world, there are countries that have amazing and complex cultures. Many
characteristics and factors contribute to the formation of a culture. These Factors include physical
geography, weather, military conflict, and civil considerations. The civil considerations themselves
consist of areas, structures, capabilities, organizations people and events. In order for one to
understand the culture of a country such as Turkmenistan, it is important to have a comprehension
of all of these moving parts and pieces. The purpose of this Cultural Analysis is to inform its readers
about the cultural structure of Turkmenistan.
Turkmenistan is geographically located between the countries ... Show more content on
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and continues to thrive during the current day. Turkmenistan is located on one of the hardest areas to
live in on the planet. The Military in the area has struggled to remain powerful and is currently
under reconstruction. Government in the area has also struggled to rebuild itself after it independent
from the U.S.S.R they have faced great hardships such as whole cities that had the misfortune of
annihilation by war and destruction. The people and their ancestors have spent their time migrating
from one area to the next in search of better living conditions. The Area has been constantly plagued
by war and destruction for centuries and has lasted through some of the most violent events on our
planet. It important that world understands and can realize the different types of culture on this
earth. If we are to better ourselves as a human race we must do so
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Developing a Brief for Opening a Business Office in...
Scenario: Task is development of a briefing that focuses on opening a business office in Northeast
and Central Asia. This brief will liaison with the Department of Defense to provide the most
appropriate and needed information regarding the area and will include a summary of the political,
cultural, economic and communications issues for the region, their primary differences with the
United States, and the potential for success of any venture for the area. Geographic Area: Northeast
and Central Asia include the former Soviet Republics of Central Asia and others in the region:
Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. Northeast Asia is generally
defined as mid–northeastern China and Mongolia. Some include North Korea into this boundary;
some include Japan, depending on the context and purpose. Generally, South Korea and Japan are
not included because of their level of modernization and ties to the West: Background: China is its
own unique issue within the paradigm of this region, and should be treated separately since its own
hegemony and characteristics do not always coincide with the rest of NE and Central Asia. In fact,
outside of ethic and cultural groups, China's characteristics flow more like a spoke and wheel; the
wheel being the major urban centers, particularly Beijing, with the spokes allowing for flow both to
and from the cities. Countries in Central Asia continue to struggle for political, economic and social
stability. Many were

Niyazov And Isolation
"1984," is a book that was published in 1949 and written by George Orwell. His reason for writing
the book was the hope that humans would read it and come to a realization that our world was
headed toward a dictator–like or tyrannical style of government. Some ignorant people living in first
world countries might say that he was wrong, but those smart enough know just how right he was.
These terrifying places are very much real in the world today. The people living in these cruel
environments are often times isolated by their leaders and told they are living in the best country in
the world, and that their reason of isolation is to keep the rest of the world out. The harsh reality is
that these people are actually being starved, neglected, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Maybe it has to do with their early life, for example, Niyazov being orphaned starting from a very
young age after the death of most of his mother and father ("Obituary: Saparmurat Niyazov").
Perhaps though, it has nothing to do with our upbringing, and maybe it only our internal hunger for
power is to blame. Whichever way that created a person as monstrous as Niyazov, definitely created
something huge. During Niyazov's rule he controlled everything he possibly could. Controlling the
minds of his people was his specialty. Forcing them to have the will to change their beliefs, their
routines, their individuality, was one of the reasons Niyazov succeeded in being one of the world's
dictators ("Saparmurat Niyazov.") Turkmenbashi put many laws in place of ridiculous nature,
because he able to. He named some of the months and days of the weeks after his family. Only six
years after he had become President, he ban smoking because after a major heart surgery he had
quit. Other things like music, dance, and long hair on men were also halted, simply because he did
not like them ("Obituary: Saparmurat Niyazov"). Niyazov also neglected his citizens. He starved
worked his people to the bone. Today, Turkmenistan is lead by a man who works in a very similar
way to that of Niyazov. His name is Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedov, and he has transitioned the
country to start favoring him over their old great leader and they have begun to be recreate the
country for the new President. Berdimuhamedov has not changed much other than that though. He
is running things in the same type of dictatorship that Turkmenbashi left behind. The people in the
country are still isolated, without any freedoms or necessary rights provided to them. ("Saparmurat

Turkmenistan Law on Migration Essay
Someone who moves to a new country in search of better economic opportunities, a better
professional environment, or better access to their family, culture, or religion is engaging in
migration. As with any trade issue, migration creates complex patterns of winners and losers.
Immigrants often provide cheap labor, benefiting the host economy overall, but also compete for
jobs with citizen of the host country. In addition of migration, a growing numbers of persons
estimated at about more than 700.000 annually– are trafficked across international borders against
their will1. They include both sex slaves and labor slaves, with each category including both female
and males, adult and children. World community considers the migratory processes ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Turkmenistan Law on Migration based on the principles of respect and observance of rights of
citizens and people. It will contribute to consolidation of foundations of fruitful cooperation
between Turkmenistan and the world community for the universal development. Main purpose of
the law is improvement of the rule of entry to Turkmenistan, sojourn in its territory and exit from
the country of citizens of Turkmenistan, foreign citizens and stateless persons, determination of the
legal relations in the field of migratory processes in Turkmenistan, competence of state authorities
on regulation of migratory processes. Since the one of the basic directions of the foreign policy of
Turkmenistan is the development of cooperation with largest and authoritative international
organizations. In this context the International Organization for Migration (IOM) is the longstanding
partner of our country.
Acceding to the number of basic conventions and protocols in the field of human rights as well as
being the country–observer of the International Organization for Migration, Turkmenistan took a
position as the strategic participant of the global international processes and undertook complex
measures on struggle against the human trafficking. Turkmenistan has strong belief upon our

Economic Impacts in Water and Energy Issues Caused by...
Economic Impacts in Water and Energy issues caused by Climate Change in Russia Global Scope
Generally, climate change has caused some predictable and potentially heterogeneous problems
globally. Some of them are positive. For instance, increased atmospheric CO₂ are predicted to bring
about overall small increases in European crop productivity. Globally, warming will shift our living
circumstances into a more risky and comparably inadaptable direction. The key vulnerabilities
including the water and land erosion, energy sectors change, human healthy wellbeing risks, food
insecurity, environmental severities, infrastructure and relative energy usage reallocations and
estimation frequencies of extreme weather events happen. It has been proven that the consequences
of climate change in Europe are quite diversified. For Russia, basically, the general vulnerabilities
are lower than any other regions in Europe(R Römisch, 2009). National Scope Russia can be
geographically separated as following regions: the monsoon Asia, the inner arid/semi–arid districts
and the Siberia. The climate change impacts in semi–arid (moderated) might be severer than the arid
areas. Natural–scientific domains (ecology, environmental science, etc) situations shifted under
climate change crisis in marginal areas seem to be more vulnerable than other areas (Smith et al.,
1996). As a large and multi–geographic country, climate change problem in Russia are multiple–
dimensional which can

Explain The Authoritarian System Of Government
+
INTRODUCTION
Authoritarian system of government in political science, can be defined as a system of government
that power is concentrated in the hands of a leader or elite which has strong central government and
limitations in political freedom as its features. The system strongly opposes the thoughts of
individuals. It operates under a single–party rule and military force may be needed for maintenance.
It is best operated to serve as a fix for economic stagnation. It fosters long–term economic progress.
According to Juan Linz (1975), who portrayed Authoritarian system of Government to have the
following features;
1. Limited plurality system: The system restricted institutions and groups like political parties,
legislatures.
2. It was termed to be a regime that was against easily understanding societal problems.
3. Limited political participation: The system allowed little or no political participation I.e. complete
restriction in the selection of heads of executive and very little limitations on the executive.
COUNTRIES THAT OPERATES ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The printing presses in Europe were privately owned until the 1850s, when the aristocracy sourced
for power and/or control to puppeteer what was printed about them. They had what it would take
them to decide what is to be printed. The Authoritarian system of government came up with
government restrictions due to Gutenberg's invention which was the printing press in the mid–
fifteenth century which they felt would stand against their power. According to Hachten, the press is
subject to the direct of implied control of the state or sovereign. It has a restriction against news that
can criticize the authority in anyway. The media in the old Soviet Union, present day China and
Russian Republic and Cuba and many of the Third World countries fall into this

How Turkmenistan Is An Authoritarian Country
Turkmenistan is a country located in central Asia with Afghanistan and Iran as its neighbors to the
south and Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan as its neighbor to the north. It has an area of 488,100 square
kilometers of land and water surfaces combined and it is home to roughly 5.2 million inhabitants.
Although the country claims to have a secular democracy as its government structure, Turkmenistan
is actually an authoritarian state with the "president" holding the majority of political powers. Once
the president of this country took office, he will hold this position for life and his authority over the
political and economic aspects of the country are near absolute since he has control over both the
executive and legislative branch. The current ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Because natural gas and oil is the main driver of the economy, most of the imports are machinery or
platforms that contribute to the production of those energy resources. In an effort to maintain their
economy through energy export, Turkmenistan import drills, pipes, steel and transport vehicles from
Turkey, Russia and China. Because its large and increasing trade surplus, Turkmenistan's national
income is rising despite the fact that the country is run by a dictatorial system. According to the data
from The World Bank, Turkmenistan's purchasing power parity gross national income (GNI) is
$77.1 billion and its per capita GNI is $14,520, which puts it at number 98 on the global GNI per
capita ranking. Turkmenistan is currently a part of the Common Wealth of Independent States or
CIS, an economic integration organization composed of states that broke away from Soviet Russia.
CIS formed soon after the collapse of the Soviet and its purpose was to promote collaboration on the
issues of economics, defense and foreign policy, but now its function mostly resembles a trade bloc.
Turkmenistan's currency is the manat and its exchange rate to the U.S. dollar is 1 dollar = 3.5 manat.
The manat is issued by the country's central bank and is moved freely among Turkmenistan's trading
partners.

Examples Of Leadership In Animal Farm By George Orwell
An Inept Leader: Calamity for a Nation and its People The state of a nation primarily reflects the
strength and aptness of its leader; a weak leader submits their nation into an abysmal state, whereas
a great one promotes progress. In Orwell's novella, Animal Farm, the animals of inferior intelligence
comply with their vehement leader, Napoleon, who initially demonstrates strong qualities as a
leader. However, Napoleon's leadership succumbs to corruption as he gradually implements
unprincipled authoritarian rules that primarily benefit the pigs at the expense of the working class.
Similarly, past leaders have displayed abuse of power for personal gain. Through his accurate
incorporation of Czar Nicholas II's traits into Napoleon's disposition, Orwell articulates how
negligent leadership jeopardizes a nation and its citizens, such as Turkmenistan under Saparmurad
Niyazov's reign. Czar Nicholas II crippled Russia by misusing his power in authority: he
disregarded the harsh working conditions and poor health of his citizens and sought control through
violent means. Under his reign, the Czar's citizens faced severe conditions, and although widespread
malnourishment was ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In Animal Farm, the less bright animals' grave conditions reflect the disastrous effects of
incompetent leadership that expounded from a competent campaign. Likewise, both Czar Nicholas
II and Saparmurad Niyazov exemplified these unscrupulous characteristics projected through the
inevitable chaos and internal turmoil of their nations. Moreover, Orwell sheds light on the evident
correlation between defective leaders and the plight of their country by assimilating the tendencies
of the Czar and Niyazov into Napoleon's character. Through Orwell's insight, people can recognize
and prevent corruption from plaguing their country by being cognizant of the red flags of inept

Fight Club Epilogue
they take him away to the mayor's house. At the mayor's head quarters tyler is tied to a chair soon to
be questioned. There is a bright light "Why did you take the pepper!" the mayor demands "I didn't
do it", tyler says on the verge of tears "Don't lie to me boy" After a few hours of interrogation tyler
finally gives in he is brought into the lab to be tested on They find out nothing, tyler is completely
normal They bring in his mother and father "We didn't know." his mother says "We swear" his dad
says "Wear beleive you" the mayor says bluffing "we just want to run a few tests", "Jesica get these
nice people some water" "Yes sir" After some test..... "Well you are free to go" they give back tyler
he is frozen like you can see through him "What's wrong with our son!" ... Show more content on
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"Jesica!, please show them the way out" "Yes sir." 3 years latter....Tyler has had 2 kids "This just in
a kid from Turkmenistan elementary school stole some salt for their sandwich. Don't panic people
are investigating the area." While this is happening clair tyler's daughter is having a meeting with
their whole school "Don't you guys want to eat more then just wiki berry toast for breakfast. "Not
really." says billy "Yaaaaaaa" says the rest of the kids So they go to the cafeteria and eat all of the
food the have bacon and eggs and orange juice with pulp. The mayor drives his golf cart to the
school and demands an explanation.. "What is going on here?" "We want to eat new foods!" yells
the

Essay on Freedom of Expression in Turkmenistan
Freedom of Expression –Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan is one of the most repressive countries in world. For years it has been closed to
independent scrutiny and it strongly violates all the articles which relate to the freedom of
expression. Human rights defenders and activists are continuously scrutinized and threatened with
imprisonment by the Turkmen government. Turkmenistan is ranked by the World Press Freedom
Index number 178 out of 180 and has gone down one place since 2013. (www.rsf.org) This ranking
is proved by continuous reports of journalists not being able to operate openly and are harassed by
the authorities.
An example of a recent violation of the Freedom of Expression article is when Turkmen authorities
arrested journalist, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Karaeva had published a letter on the internet where she had refused a demand from the National
Security Services to work with the agency as an informant. From May 5 2012, Karaeva has been
repeatedly attacked, physically beat, chased and threatened for expressing her feelings.
(www.hrw.org) Karaeva was the head of Kashkadaria branch of the independent Human Rights
Society of Uzbekistan. er family still was faced with harassment, insults and physical assaults by
people who believed them to be related to enemies of the people. (www.hrw.org)
Freedom of Expression – Tajikistan
Tajikistan is the only one of the two countries which is taking actions to improve the suppression as
shown when it was ranked 155 out of 180 on the World Press Freedom Index. (www.rsf.com) It has
gone up 8 places since 2013 which compared to the counties is a huge jump. However there are still
constant allegations against the freedom of expression. On October 24, 2012 the Tajikistani court
made the decision to shut down the Association of Young Lawyers "Amparo" which is a leading
human rights organization working out of Tajikistan. Amparo investigates the violations of human
rights, particularly on torture. It also supports the rights of army conscripts and other "vulnerable"
groups. (www.hrw.org) The group was shut down of the "minor" charges on operating without
proper license and that it had changed its office location without registering its address with the

Persian Culture Research Paper
The first traces of human settlement in the region date back to the prehistoric period, circa 9000
BCE Persians have survived millenniums of invasions and conquests. Persia was a powerhouse of
academic knowledge in ancient times with leaders in astronomy, medicine, mathematics, literature
and philosophy. They have left behind not only intricate art objects, but also tools used for smelting
and refining pottery, as well as making wine. One of the recent archaeological discoveries claims
that the earliest and oldest archaeological finding of winemaking and production comes from an
area in Persia called Hajji Firuz Tepe, a Neolithic village site in northern Iran (Ladjevardian 1999,
Berkowitz 1996, Ayatollahi 2003, Kessler Associates 1999, BBC ... Show more content on
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They remember Greeks, Arabs, Mongols, Turks, and most recently Saddam Hussein's forces, all
invaded their homeland. Iranians also remember that the British and Russian empires exploited them
economically, subjugated them politically, and invaded and occupied their country in two World
Wars (Ramazani 2009). Through this all, Iran's geographical area and its people identity have
remained more or less the same. The vast land– three times the size of France and twenty times that
of the Czech Republic – is demarcated to the North by the Caspian Sea (740 km of coastline) and to
the South by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman (2,440 km of coastline). Three–fifths of the
country, especially the central plateau, lacks the rainfall to sustain permanent agriculture. Farming is
confined to rain–fed Azerbaijan, Kurdistan, and the Caspian coast, to irrigated villages and oases
scattered throughout the county, especially at the foot of the mountain ranges (See Map 1 & 2)
(Abrahamian 2008, p. 1). Iran is a neighbour to seven countries (Turkmenistan, Afghanistan,
Pakistan, Iraq, Turkey, Armenia, Azerbaijan), which makes it a natural crossroad of civilizations and
trade flows. Its rich history shows that for many centuries Iran has been a key land bridge between
Europe and Asia through the renowned Silk Road and Spice Route (Central Intelligence Agency
2015, Thompson 1983, UNESCO

Compare And Contrast Pan Arab And Pan Slav
Nationalism in the Middle East, Pan–Arab, and the Balkans, Pan–Slav, were similar in many ways.
The countries that make up the Middle East are present day Afghanistan, Iraq, Iran,Israel, Jordan,
Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Tajikistan,
Turkmenistan, United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan and Yemen. The countries that make up the
Balkans are Romania, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Montenegro, Macedonia,
Bulgaria, Albania, and Greece. They had many of the same aims, goals, and movements. However,
Pan–Arab and Pan–Slav were different in many ways.
Pan–Arab had several aims, goals, and movements, During the late 19th century and early 20th
century Pan–Arab increased literacy renascence. Political agitation led to Arab states independence
of the Ottoman empire.One of Pan–Arab goals was to unify its nation. During World War I France
and Great Britain Seeking allies against the German–Turkish alliance encouraged the Arab
nationalism. During the Arab–Israeli War of 1976 however set them back several years. The Arab
states showed new interest in using oil in their economical and and political weapon in international
affairs. However, this was ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
During 1848 at Prague the first Pan–Slav Congress František Palacky confined Slavs under Austrian
rule and was Anti–Russian. A decade before World War I Pan–Slav agitation increased once again
and played a role in the growing conflict between Russia and Austria in the Balkan Peninsula. In
1917 after the Bolsheviks won the Russian Revolution the Soviet government renounced Pan–
Slavism However during World War II Pan–Slavism was limited however because of conflicting
political and economical

Space Arms Race Research Paper
Space Arms Race is the use of weapons for space welfare and has become a problem around the
world and needs to be stopped. Nations around the worlds since the dawn of time have tried to gain
more power than other nations with wars, nuclear weapons etc. Now different nations have tried to
occupy space and use it to their advantage to attack other nations. In 1957, Russia sent the first
satellite into space and that was the start of a new generation of technology.
II. UN Involvement
The United Nations have tried to find an agreement that all nations will gain from and to prevent
space from becoming a war zone. In 2009, the United Nations built a monitoring station in
Turkmenistan to detect vibrations from nuclear explosions. The UN proposed a treaty draft in the
Committee on Peaceful Uses of Outer Space that aimed at stopping the development of new types of
mass destruction weapons. They have also created the Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities
of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Iran believes that space technology can be highly useful to many developing countries to prevent
catastrophes. The Islamic Republic of Iran is not known to currently have mass weapons of mass
destruction and have signed treaties such as the Biological Weapons Convention, The Chemical
Weapons Convention, and The Nuclear Non–Proliferation Treaty. Mr. NAJAFI (Iran) stresses that
outer space is a heritage and should be shared by all humankind and must be explored and used
"exclusively for peaceful purposes." Maleki, counselor representative of Iran in the UN, states "The
Islamic Republic of Iran if fully committed to cooperate with other member states in the regard of
implementing the programs on the use of outer space." To this day Iran continues to support the
UNISPACE III and believes that all nations must take extensive care of space because "outer space
is a mankind asset with great potential to benefit

Banning Social Media In The United States
The use of social media has now gone far beyond the sole use of entertainment purposes. When the
social media craze first started, most people used it for quick communication and entertainment. It
was sites like MySpace and AIM that are held responsible to get the social media ball rolling in the
early 2000's. The early 2000's were part of a new age when technology reigned king. Technology
was quickly spreading and people were starting to realize what the full scope of possibilities that
were to be done with it. With all these new possibilities, people decided to start their own online
businesses. All these new businesses that were appearing quickly spread and some turned into
internationally renowned businesses. Two of the most popular ... Show more content on
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These religious groups can vary from Christianity to Buddhism and anything in between. If one of
these groups contacts someone on social media it would most likely only be them trying to spread
their religious teachings. However, not all of these "religious groups" are good for the world. Some
of the groups can be hate groups or extremists for a certain religion. The most common in today's
world is the Islamic extremist group called ISIS. Terrorist groups like ISIS watch certain American
citizens to try and recruit them for terrorist training camps overseas. They will single out vulnerable
citizens that are easily persuaded with tactics like "Reverse Shoutouts, Ghanima Accounts, and
Account Donations" (Softness). One of the more common ones being account donations, which is
when a terrorist group like ISIS starts a twitter account and makes it known for terrorist activities.
After ISIS is done with the account, they will hand it off to an easily influenced child to try and
persuade them to leave America and join ISIS overseas. With ISIS and other terrorist groups trying
to poison the American youth, some sort of restrictions are needed to be put on social media sites to
avoid the amount of watching that these terrorist groups are doing to the children at home. Some
steps that can be taken right away to avoid being watched by these groups include but are not
limited to,

Significant Efforts in Turkmenistan
Significant efforts to develop a journalistic identity and media freedom have stumbled badly in
Central Asia, primarily Turkmenistan. The state controlled media system that is currently in place
has prevented any citizen voice in Turkmen media. Since 1992, journalism and free media in
Turkmenistan have been on a downward spiral. Unfortunately, prospects for developing a
believable, fact–based journalism look grim for this region. Thus, the citizens of Turkmenistan are
forced to be unaware of the world around them and to accept that all information is altered by the
state.
Journalism and media in the Central Asian region such as Turkmenistan are in worse shape than the
rest of the Western world. To research this idea, secondary research sources are used to develop a
more concrete idea about the state of media in Turkmenistan. One of the most confounding elements
of the research found is that journalism in Turkmenistan is a hopeless occupation. Many of the
citizens are forced to fear the occupation, and thus, be forced to pursue another avenue.
Consequently, those who endeavor to aid the state of media and journalism in Turkmenistan should
expect minimal result. Many attempts to relinquish media freedom have led to empty promises and
low expectations.
Based on the history of the region, the future of journalism and media seems negative.
Unfortunately, with over two terms of dictators promoting the state–run media, the citizens of
Turkmenistan are stuck in a downward

Wole Soyinka: Death and the King's Horseman
In his play, Death and the King's Horseman, Wole Soyinka would have us examine every
clash and conflict, save for the one involving culture. Certainly this may seem the most obvious part
of the play, but we would do the general understanding of Death a disservice if we ignored
one of the central conflicts in the play. Every element of the play is placed in terms of two extremes,
and the cultures must be considered one of those pairs. Suicide is no exception to this examination;
it must be seen in the conflicting lights that Soyinka gives us: British vs. Yoruban, physical vs.
metaphysical, personal vs. social; and an expression of failure vs. a form of redemption. In
examining how the play divides suicide so completely through ... Show more content on
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And thus ignorance is the real catalyst for Elesin's downfall. However, as with every pair
of opposites, there is also an enlightened man in Soyinka's work. Olunde is the only person in the
play who seems to fully understand both cultures, and see the many open conflicts that are created
by the colonial presence. And this knowledge gives Elesin the ability to redeem his culture, and
perhaps even the British themselves. For any action to be a redemptive act, it can only
come after a failure. Its purpose is to rectify and make amends for that failure. As to be expected, the
redemptions and failures are different depending on which side you choose to look at them. In fact,
the idea of redemption and failure is itself a pair of opposing views with which to view the rest of
the play. A failure for the British is redemption for the Yoruban, and vice versa. The differences and
parallels are almost absolute, and all of them define the action of the play. Elesin's inability
to commit suicide in the hint of the lure of British beliefs is a resounding failure for the Yoruban
culture. The actual act of suicide itself will never be a failure for the natives, whereas suicide is
always considered a failure in the Western world. People commit suicide as a result of a failure to
cope with the world in the West. In the native culture, it is the opposite. Elesin refuses commit
suicide because he cannot cope with the world in

The Natural Gas Industry in Kazakhstan
Overview Kazakhstan has the world's fifteen–largest proved reserves of natural gas with an
estimated 2.407 trillion cubic meters, ranking it between China and Malaysia in this respect (CIA
World Factbook, 2012). Most of these fields are in the country's western Caspian region. That basin
is home to some of the world's best oil and gas reserves. Other Caspian nations such as Russia, Iran
and Turkmenistan are all among top ten in the world for proved reserves of natural gas (Ibid). An
estimated 80% of Kazakhstan's production is locked in four fields: Karachaganak, Tengiz,
Imashevskoye and Kashagan. This paper will outline the natural gas industry is Kazakhstan,
providing insight into its history and the state of the industry today. History of Natural Gas in
Kazakhstan The Caspian Sea region has long been one of the richest in the world for fossil fuels.
Azerbaijan was an early power in oil, for example. The Soviet Union's vigorous defense of the
region at Stalingrad not only kept the oil out of the hands of the Axis powers, but it secured the
region's hydrocarbon resources for Soviet development. During the Soviet era, fields in what are
today the independent nations of Russia, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan and Azerbaijan were developed.
After independence, Kazakhstan has retained and upgraded the Soviet–era infrastructure in order to
develop its oil and natural gas industries. Figures from the Energy Information Administration show
that Kazakhstan's production of natural

Rhyton
Another Rhyton was also discovered in Russia from Central Asia. Its forepart is shaped like a
wildcat or lynx. The spout for pouring is located in the chest of the animal. The piece of artwork is
called the Turkemenian Wine Horn. It is also a symbol of the Greek wine god Dionysus, whose cult
spread eastwards with the conquests of Alexander the Great. Dionysus roman name was Bacchus.
Commemoration/celebration of him during the ancient times was used as a theatre performance.
Due to festivities of wine which was held twice a year winter and spring, Christians made them
Christmas and Easter.
According to the Minoan civilization, they used Rhyton to hold wine or possibly the blood of a
sacrificed bull in religious ceremonies. The word Rhyton comes ... Show more content on
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Also in the article "Ancient Art," at the kingdom of Parthia existed in time paralleled with the
golden age of Rome (2nd century B.C. – 2nd Century A.D.) in the west and Han period (206 B.C. –
220 middle of 3rd century B.C. Their country extended from Central Asia through part of
Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq and Syria developing art rich in elements from various cultural trends. They
fought against Rome, but finally were overthrown by Persian dynasty of the Sasanides. One of the
distinctive features in art of Persia of the Sasanides is iconography of royal image. Iconography has
a lot of meanings. First it literally means a symbolic representation, especially the conventional
meanings attached to an image or images. It is a subject matter in the visual arts, especially with
reference to the conventions regarding the treatment of a subject in artistic representation. Lastly, it
is the study or analysis of subject matter and its meaning in the visual arts. Iconography has
influence on designing of architectural ornament as well as design of textiles up to times of Islam
that overthrew rules of the Sasanides.
According to the Parthian Rhytons from Veliran, excavations at a Parthian cemetery produced three
different burial traditions and grave types: a hypogeum, a jar burial and a stone–lined tomb. A
hypogeum, cut into natural deposits, was the most important Parthian find from the site. Amongst
the most characteristic objects from this tomb were four attractive Rhytons: three in the shape of a
goat/ibex and one in the shape of a human leg with

The Cardiovascular System From The National Nutrition Of...
This paper will examine the possible consequences on the cardiovascular system from the national
nutrition of Kazakhstan. I choose this topic for research since I have the personal interest in the food
I eat and I am contemplating the disciplines in medicine, particularly cardiology or cardio surgery.
So, choosing this topic might enhance my knowledge in these areas that can help me to stand out
from other candidates. Moreover, during my work experience in a cardiology center, I had many
questions but they still have not answered yet, hence doing this project I am planning to find the
answers for them. My first and the main question was the reason the Kazakh nation has tremendous
problems with the heart health. Another one was why most of the patients lying in the clinic are
males who are in age and overweight. These questions seem to be obvious but it was before I went
to do A–level and I can say that I knew nothing about the heart. Although, now I have broad
knowledge about this topic I want to extend them and imply it to my culture and traditions.
Therefore, I proposed a hypothesis – "Kazakh national food has a deleterious effect on the
cardiovascular system and it is the major cause of death from the cardiovascular diseases". So, the
purpose of this research is to confirm or refute this hypothesis and try to identify to what extent
traditional meals influence the development of cardiovascular diseases.
The heart and circulatory system make up the cardiovascular system.

Corporate Governance Of Board Of Directors Of Rolls Royce
Executive Summary
Aims
The purpose of this report was to take account of the board of directors of Rolls Royce, focusing on
corporate governance in relation to the level of corporate governance and its engagement with
institutional shareholders. Risk Management was also performed, to understand the major issues
that the company could face when establishing operations in Central Asia.
Findings
The overall findings show that the company is compliant with the UK Corporate Governance Code.
In addition, political and human resource risk where the major risks identified that could have an
effect on the company's operation in Central Asia.
Recommendations
It is recommended that you maintain and check your board effectiveness and continue with the
engagement of institutional shareholders.
Build an operation where foreign direct investment seems to be more valuable than the other Asian
economies perhaps Kazakhstan.
To sum up, when establishing an operation in any of the Central Asian countries, make sure
purchase insurance policies to protect you from political risks. Plus, show the importance to
potential employees of whistle blowing.
Contents Page
Introduction 3
Corporate Governance 4–5
Effectiveness 4
Diversity 4
NEDs Commitment 4
Institutional Shareholders 5
Risk Management 6–10
Risk Identification 6
Risk Classification 7
Strategic 7
Operational 7
Risk assessment 8

Ancient Stories Of The Sumerians
The Sumerians Although, we widely attribute the ancient stories of the Sumerians to pure
mythology, they went to great lengths to understand and create a way to record their history, society
structure, and development; just as we do for historical events today. The most accepted view on
what makes a culture civilized or having obtained civilization "is a culture which has attained a
degree of complexity, usually characterized by urban life" (Guisepi). As far as the Sumerian culture
is concerned, they created our foundation for what we consider today, as the standards for
civilization. Even though human exploration and discoveries continue to uncover previously
unknown chapters of our story here on earth, the extensive amount of archeological evidence we
have for the Sumerians and time frame, allow us to accredit them for over 100 'firsts' for the human
civilization from their ingenuities, accomplishments, and inventions. Many of which we can still see
in use, in some form, in our modern society today. According to Samuel Kramer, "For those not
familiar with this remarkable, resourceful and intelligent people, who not only invented writing but
also established the true mythological foundations of all main religions of the world, simply put,
they taught us almost everything". The Sumerians settled in Mesopotamia around 4000 BCE.
between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, which is known today, as southern Iraq. Notice the word
"settled" in the previous sentence. Recent

The Post-Soviet Reemergence of the Russian Empire
The 1991 collapse of the Soviet Union signified an end to Russia's control over its Middle Eastern
Empire. Many of its states seceded and founded new nations and Russia lost significant power over
the region. The new Russian Federation, in an effort to reestablish Soviet supremacy, has launched a
neo–imperialistic campaign to once again have political, economic and security control over the
area today known as the Caucasus. Principally, Russia wants to have political control over the area
consisting of the lands of Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Georgia and Chechnya as well as
the Caspian Sea. Furthermore, it is an objective to reap profit from this resource–rich area to
stabilize Russia's economy. Additionally, Russia wants to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Russia's imperialistic actions over the Southern Tier nations have not just been a nostalgic attempt to
salvage its old empire. The Caspian Sea, the world's largest landlocked body of water bordered by
Russia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan and Iran, may sit on as much as 200 billion barrels or
oil which would be 16% of the Earth's potential oil reserves. (Sciolino, 1998, pg. 16) A 1998 New
York Times article estimated that at that time this amount of oil would add up to $3 trillion.
(Sciolino, 1998, pg. 16) It is obvious that Russia would like to exploit a considerable share of this
wealth. The exploitation of the Caspian Sea depends on pipeline transport of oil and Russia would
like to see these pipelines run through their land on their way to international markets to harness
some of the profit. (Akiner, 2000, pg. 146) This profit, as well as economic control over the
Southern Tier region, is another important motive in Russia's resurgent scheme.
Russia has used several mechanisms in its campaign to restore the soviet economic space. Primarily
Russia has attempted to assert control over the Caspian Sea in order to gain a large share of its
resources. When in 1994 Azerbaijan concluded what is called "the contract of the century" with an
international oil consortium Russia called the whole thing illegal. (Hottelet, 1995, pg. 19) Russia
argued that the Caspian was a lake in

Types of Sinkholes
A sinkhole, also called a swallow–hole, shakehole, swallet or doline, is a crater in the ground caused
by a sudden collapse of the surface layer whether it is the street, a field, a suburb, city, or other area,.
The causes of sinkholes consist of karst processes such as the chemical dissolution of carbonate
rocks and suffusion processes. The formation of sinkholes involves the processes of erosion.
Sinkholes develop due to surface drainage or running water. Though dry places are thought to have
less water, sinkholes can develop in these areas as well as long as the correct conditions come into
play. They can form from human activity as well like abandoned mines, pipelines and sewers.
Sinkholes are most common in states such as Alabama, Florida, Kentucky, Missouri, Pennsylvania,
Tennessee and Texas. Places with sandstone and quartzite terrains where the rock below the land
surface is limestone or any other carbonate rock that can be dissolved by ground water. When the
rock below the surface layer dissolves, spaces and caverns form underground. Sometimes it can take
months or even years for these caverns to form completely before the ground becomes too weak and
collapses suddenly. There are two main types of sinkholes. The most dangerous type of sinkhole is
the cover–collapse sinkhole. This sinkhole shows up unexpectedly and can swallow cars, buildings
and even people whole. Cover–collapse sinkholes are the types of sinkholes that

Why There Should Be Banned Catcher In The Rye
1. Historically, for what reasons have people objected to this book?
Many school administration have banned books like 'Catcher and the Rye' because of the contance
of the book. Some reason why 'Catcher and the Rye' was banned of the "vulgar language, sexual
scenes, things concerning moral issues" (Times 1). But to be more specific, a town in Columbus,
Ohio banned the book from library and schools because it's anti–white (Time 1). Also in the same
year the book was released in 1960 a teacher was fired for assigning this book in high schoolers.
2. Does the government have the right to tell you what's appropriate?
In my opinion the government does have a the right to tell us what's appropriate but the government
doesn't need to enforce it. For example, when the you go to the movies each movie has to have a
rating. In a movie theatre scenario a 14 year old kid wants to see a rated R movie he or she needs to
take an adult to show proof of constant. Personally I think it is up the parents or guardians decision
of what to read ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
But no matter what the government does to try to keep books, movies, and other articles away from
us, we can always find away to find it. People can look it up online and go on illegal websites to
watch movies. There are people known as hackers who created (Raymond 5) things that could allow
other to view that has been previously block. On the other hand, if the school administration decides
to banned books that's is offensive because they are deciding what we can and can't read throughout
a school year. If schools are banning books because there inappropriate and they want to shield the
children, they aren't making prepared for the real world. In the real world nothing in censored
because people can't stay innocent forever and banning books that have inappropriate topics or
moral are only prolonging the

Wole Soyinka's Death and the King's Horseman Essay
Wole Soyinka's Death and the King's Horseman
In his play, Death and the King's Horseman, Wole Soyinka would have us examine every clash and
conflict, save for the one involving culture. Certainly this may seem the most obvious part of the
play, but we would do the general understanding of Death a disservice if we ignored one of the
central conflicts in the play. Every element of the play is placed in terms of two extremes, and the
cultures must be considered one of those pairs. Suicide is no exception to this examination; it must
be seen in the conflicting lights that Soyinka gives us: British vs. Yoruban, physical vs.
metaphysical, personal vs. social; and an expression of failure vs. a form of redemption. In
examining how the play ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In Britain, the sadness comes from missing someone who clearly left the world too early – before
God called them. In Africa, the sadness comes from worrying about the destruction of the universe
because tradition has been broken. So we arrive back where we started; the Yorubans consider
everything in terms of a larger consciousness; Westerns in terms of personal freedom and
experience. When all these ideologies are forced to coalesce during the colonial occupation, Elesin's
situation is bound to happen. The clash of all these opposing ideas creates the conflict that makes
Death and the King's Horseman. When Elesin's mind is given a taste of the English belief of free
will, he is tempted away from his birth culture. The idea that the world does not rest on his
shoulders, that the afterlife of the Yoruba might be false, and that he might continue to live until
God chooses to strike him down (and enjoy the splendors of life and sex) creates a hole in his core
beliefs. The taste is too much and too little; it nags in the back of his mind and eventually causes his
downfall at the time of his expected suicide. Suicide becomes personal, physical, and scary. And so
he runs away recklessly to the Westerners. Yet the fact that Elesin lives is a failure to the Yorubans
and, although a momentary success, eventually becomes a failure as well to the British. He is forced
to make a bad decision because he

The Darvaza Gas Crater: The Door To Hell
The Darvaza gas crater is the official door to hell, burning for over 50 years and has never stopped.
It was found by soviet engineers in 1971 when Barrikad Smyshlyaev and his partner Geroinja truda
were looking for oil. They started drilling on a spot that they thought was an oil mine. When the
Door to hell was broken into and Barrikad Smyshlyaev was sucked into the fiery gates of hell. After
truda saw the crater she ran back to the city to find help but unfortunately no one could believe
anything she had to say. Until one man offered to help her. Albert Sasman ran back with her to the
Door to hell, when they got there he was completely caught aback he had no idea what he was
seeing. In a recent interview with Albert he talks about the first time he saw the door to hell "It was
too scary to even believe... Fire everywhere at the bottom of the hole!" ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
It wasn't always the Door to hell though the people in the soviet city believed it was just a random
fire that would take care of itself. Flash forward a year and people began to wonder why the fire
never lost its power and was still burning. After one more year the crater got its name 'The Door to
Hell'. Although people have been saying "This is the door to hell", a lot of people are saying there is
a scientific reason behind the fire. People believe that the reason the fire is burning is because there
is oil in the crater. Another rumor is that someone set the crater on fire to prevent the spread of
methane gas. Even though no one can prove it for sure wether or wether not this is "The door to
hell" there is reason to believe it's

Religious Market Hypothesis
In contrast, places such as the United States have been relatively tolerant of other religions while
maintaining a relatively Christian identity. The United States from its birth as the thirteen colonies
has been relatively accepting of other Christian denominations. Norris and Inglehart try to make a
similar point, but they mistakenly claim that the United States was formed as a religious refuge in
their Religious Participation Hypothesis (Norris and Inglehart 2008, 225–226). This was simply not
the case according to history. The United States was formed as a means of profit. The first settlers
who came to the new world were not seeking religious refuge, but rather wanted to start over in
terms of religion. They believed that they were called ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is impossible to collect data from the 16th and 17th centuries, but current religious revolutions are
still occurring. Tracking the religiosity of some countries can be difficult due to government
regulations. Syria, for example, would not be an easy place to obtain data concerning religiosity of
the contemporaries. Some places such as Turkmenistan consider data to be government secrets. In
places where government interference causes the inability to collect data, the religious markets
hypothesis becomes relevant. The religious markets hypothesis includes government control of
religion. Because governments would be obstructing access to data on religious affiliations, research
can be done to determine if that country is under a theocracy, dictatorship, or tyrannical regime. If
so, it is possible that the religiosity of that country is being determined by the culture formed by the
government itself. This can be tested by determining the predominant religion of the area. Surveying
refugees or migrants from that country can provide some data, but unfortunately, many
contemporaries would probably not respond truthfully or at all because of the fear of retribution
against themselves or family still within the country of origin. The evaluation of the major religion
may have to be determined by evaluating the political leadership's religion and then tracing that
down through the

How The Geopolitics Central Asia Affected China 's Ability...
How has the Geopolitics in Central Asia affected China's ability in securing its Energy Resources
from the Region? There is a significant change in the order of energy in the world, and there is the
need of China to enforce its ability in becoming one of the major forces in global markets, and in the
geopolitics that occur regarding energy. There are opportunities and challenges that are created as
China aims to expand its global and regional linkages as they look for security in the supply of
energy. China's Problems China faces problems as they depend on energy importation. It is likely
that their trend for dependence will continue to increase, and as such, this leads to added problems
as with the increased urbanization and more industrialization that follows suit. Meaning that the
country's energy consumption will increase, and at the same time become more vulnerable to the
disruptions that are likely to occur in the supply of energy. This highlights the precarious nature of
the Chinese economy, as well as their heavy dependence on economic integration and
interconnectivity. This also means that the country is exposed to the geopolitics that exists in the
region, and as such it becomes a challenge, as they cannot control the supply that comes in
(Marketos 2009, p. 12). The security over resources is considered a political issue, and this leads to
many factors coming to play that might affect the supply and demand that exists in the ever–
changing market. Energy

The Exploration Of The Sumerian Story
The Exploration of the Sumerian Story Although, the ancient stories of the Sumerians are widely
attributed to pure mythology, they went to great lengths to understand and create a way to record
their history, discoveries, and development. The most accepted view on what makes a culture
civilized, "is a culture which has attained a degree of complexity, usually characterized by urban
life" (Guisepi). Even though human exploration continues to discover previously unknown chapters
of the Sumerian story, the extensive amount of archeological evidence found and the time frame;
allows us to accredit them for the foundation of what is considered today, as the standards for
human civilization. Everything from their mythological creation, ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Sumerians say, Nammu gave birth to 'An' meaning Heaven, and 'Ki' meaning Earth; and this union
produced the Anunna or Anunnaki, meaning "those who descended from Heaven to Earth"
(Bolman). This creation story has been retold in many forms, most commonly in the Greek
Mythology and more recently in Genesis, of the Bible.
The initial evidence showed that there had been human existence around 4500 BCE in southern
Mesopotamia, however this date is 500 years too early for the Sumerians. In fact, excavations show
that the first settlers of the Fertile Crescent were a person of unknown origins named the Ubaid
people. This name is given to them because of where their existence was first unearthed by Henry
Hall and later Leonard Woolley, at the excavated mound of al–Ubaid. The settlement and artifacts
date back beyond 4500 BCE and the excavation proved the Ubaid people had been hunter–gathers
who started to develop signs of agrarian society around 5000 BCE. (Mark, Sumerian Civilization)
The Sumerians settled in Mesopotamia around 4000 BCE, between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers,
known today as southern Iraq. Notice the word "settled" in the previous sentence. Research shows,
that the Sumerian people have been traced further through excavations and improved DNA testing,
to the Murgab River Delta of Turkmenistan, dating back to the 7th millennium

Turkmen Energy Relations With China And Russia
Turkmen Energy Relations with China and Russia
Historically in the Russian sphere of influence, since the breakup of the Soviet Union, just like the
rest of Central Asia, Turkmenistan has found itself in the middle of Sino–Russian confrontation over
the question of who is the new regional powerhouse.
Due to the shared Russian imperial and then Soviet past, the Russian influence the Turkman society
was prevalent after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Pipelines carried Turkmen gas to Russia and
then from Russia to Western markets. Turkmens had no alternative, all of Turkmen gas from the
Dauletabad field was exported through the Soviet–era Central Asia–Center Pipeline System which
was built between 1960 and 1988 and carried gas from Turkmen and Uzbek fields to a hub on the
Russian–Kazakh border called Alexandrov Gai and then linked to the Russian pipeline network.
Initially Russia bought the Turkmen gas at a very cheap rate and then resold it to the European
markets at a price several times higher than what it paid the Turkmens. In March of 2008, following
a meeting in Moscow between Gazprom and top energy officials from the region it was announced
that beginning in 2009 the sale of natural gas will be made at European prices; however, Turkmens
in particular had already realized the need for diversification.
Turkmens started looking for alternatives to their export routes and one of the main directions they
looked toward was the east, at the new rising dragon, China. The

Importance Of Democracy
There are varying definitions of what democracy is, but the general idea is that a democracy is a
governmental system where there is high and active political participation from all people who live
in that country, this political participation involves electing a government with fair elections. A
democracy should also give equality and freedom to all of its citizens. In this essay, I will discuss
how democracy has changed over time and how definitions differ, then, I will look at theories that
explain why a democracy may be more peaceful. Following this, I will begin to examine what the
title of this essay actually questions and give contextual examples to do so. I will finally conclude
by giving my response to the question "Are democracies more peaceful?".
The first democracy was seen in Athens, Ancient Greece in the year 507 B.C by the leader
Cleisthenes with his system of reforms called "Demokratia" which translates to "rule of the people".
Although this system allowed more than just high society to vote, out of all the people in Athens,
only 40,000 were allowed to vote, those being male citizens who were part of the "demos" and aged
over 18 . This is evidently different to the democracy we see today, particularly in western nations,
for example, the United Kingdom has been a democracy arguably since the introduction of the
Representation of the Peoples Acts in 1918 which permitted women to vote, and then the
modification in 1928 which allowed all men and women over

Ffa Should Not Be Allowed In Sports
Yet, for all of this success the treatment of the women's game within FIFA is appalling. They are
treated almost as if they don't exist within the organization, and it's not as if they don't try to get
FIFA's attention. In 2015, the Women's World Cup was due to be played, but before then an
important issue had arisen: it was going to be played on artificial turf. Several of the World Cup–
bound players complained, but neither FIFA nor the Canadian Soccer Association would have any of
it. The CSA argued that the turf was FIFA–approved and therefore suitable for playing the game,
and FIFA was silent on the matter. Furthermore, the CSA argued that the lawsuit is not valid because
the majority of their playing fields are turf. Kate Fagan, a writer

Natural Resources In The Kite Runner
Imagine if the people of a country did not have clean water to shower with, gas for transportation, or
a place to live in because of the lack of natural resources. These resources can be found within
certain areas of Afghanistan's geological setting. Discovering them would have an economic and
political effect on society. Natural resources are vital because Afghans utilize them to help carry out
daily life. In the novel The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini, Amir's father built an orphanage using
the materials Afghanistan provided. Natural resources are the fuel the country runs on.
Natural Resources are found in several locations in or around Afghanistan. Countries bordering
Afghanistan are rich in resources. China, Pakistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Iran and Tajikistan
are all countries that border all around Afghanistan, making it a land–locked country. According to
"Afghanistan Pays the Price of its Strategic Geographical Location", Middle Eastern countries
adjacent to Afghanistan have a surplus of oil and natural gas. River systems ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
The high demand for resources causes other countries to investigate Afghanistan. According to
"New Data to Help with Afghanistan's Natural Resources, Hazards Assessments", "potential private
investigators will soon set out to explore Afghanistan for its mineral deposits." The ICIMOD has
been formed to help Afghanistan's regional development to conserve the land and the resources it
holds. Society in Afghanistan benefits from natural resources. As stated by Parker, Afghanistan
could become a rich country once their minerals were extracted and they are able to obtain these
resources. It would provide more information about the surrounding environment and allow
Afghans to receive an increased income from the increase in the country's wealth. In addition, these
mined resources will help in the daily lives of Afghan

Essay on Oil Export for a Unified Caspian Oil Conglomerate
Oil Export for a Unified Caspian Oil Conglomerate
Introduction
Oil resources are the focal point of almost all international disputes in the present century as every
country needs oil to power its electrical grids, run its automobiles, and operate its machinery. The
vast majority of accessible oil lies in the extremely unstable Middle East, whose countries form
most of OPEC and have a viable monopoly on oil production and pricing. The troubles caused by
this situation thus come to no surprise as high demand and monopolistic supply give omnipotent
control to the supplier.
The Caspian Sea region is seen by some as a possible answer to the problems of OPEC control. The
Caspian Sea and the surrounding states contain 10 billion ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Russian and Kazakhstan occupy the northern half of the sea coastline and Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan
and Iran take up the southern section. Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan all received
independence from the Soviet Union in 1991 and have all recently begun to see the economic
benefits of foreign investment and oil

Possible Gas Recovery From Darvaza Crater
Possible Gas Recovery from Darvaza Crater
Introduction Near a small village named Darweze (Darvaza in Russian meaning gate), there is a
burning crater named as DOOR TO HELL or HELL'S GATE. In 1971 (when Turkmenistan was a
part of Soviet Union) a group of Soviet geologists and engineers found a huge reservoir of natural
gas, which was later found to be fifth largest in the world. A drilling rig was setup to extract it.
Unfortunately, due to primitive technology survey of the ground was not proper. So the rig was
setup on an underground cavern, which later collapsed and left a huge crater in its place. The crater
was 200 feet wide and 66 feet deep. Before collapsing the rig had already digged a hole in the
caprock, as a result methane gas ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
With the help of modern technology he became the first (and only) human to descend in the hole.
During his adventure he wore a fire proof suit. From the pit he took a sample of soil (which was rich
in extremophile bacteria). While digging the soil he found that fire was coming out the digged hole.
He and his team stated that on earth there is no other place like this. Now, the hole is expanding and
is said to reach 230 meters in width.
Abstract In Turkmenistan, there is a burning crater named as DOOR TO HELL. In 1971 some
Soviet geologists and engineers had found one of the largest reservoir of natural gas. They set up a
rig and started extracting it. Unfortunately the ground under the rig collapsed leaving a huge 200
meter wide crater. From it methane gas started leaking. Fearing the pollution in local area and
dangers to local population they decided to burn it. According to them it could be burned within a
few days but it is still burning. In 2010 President of Turkmenistan ordered to close it but due to lack
of facilities it could not been done. In 2013 adventurer and explorer George Kourounis got the
permission to go inside the crater. After a brief study of this, need of further research was found.
Seismic survey (3d or 4d if possible) should be done to predict the amount of natural gas left in the
reservoir. Huge amount of methane is mostly found under the sea bed (under very high
temperature). Hence methane under the crater is not formed there (in desert). Its

What Is The Difference Between Akhal Teke And The Shire?
Akhal Teke vs. Shire Did you know that the average lifespan of a horse could range from 20–45
years? Horses have been domesticated in Eurasia since 4000 BC and were believed to be
domesticated across the world by 3000 BC. They have evolved from a small, multi–toed animal
called Eohippus into what they are today. In this essay, I will be showing you how two different
breeds of horses, the Akhal Teke and shire, and how they can be so different although they are both
horses. The differences and similarities between the Akhal Teke and the Shire are striking and
deserve through examination. Some examples would be how they show, their physical appearance,
and how they developed over time in our culture. To show a horse is to go to judged competitions

Petroleum
UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIAA CASE STUDY ON PETRONAS GLOBALIZATION A
STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT DECISION AHMAD HUSSAIN GSM 1999 6 [ 1 i§l <: AL –
FATHIHAH IN THE NAME OF ALLAH, THE COMPASSIONATE, THE MERCIFUL. PRAISE
IS ONLY FOR ALLAH, THE LORD OF THE UNIVERSE. THE ALL–COMPASSIONATE, THE
ALL–MERCIFUL. THE MASTER OF THE DAY OF JUDGEMENT. THEE ALONE WE
WORSIDP AND TO THEE ALONE WE PRAY FOR HELP. SHOW US THE STRAIGHT WAY,
THE WAY OF THOSE WHOM THOU HAST BLESSED; WHO HAVE NOT INCURRED THY
WRATH, NOR GONE ASTRAY. > t 1 < UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIAA CASE STUDY
ON PETRONAS GLOBALIZATION A STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT DECISION BY AHMAD
HUSSAIN MATRIC NO : GS01390 TIDS CASE DISSERTATION IS PRESENTED TO THE
FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When PETRONAS started its globalization efforts, the environmental factors were very much
favorable. However, in 1 997 and 1998 there were adverse changed in these environmental factors
and had affected PETRONAS globalization efforts. Some of these factors were the regional and
world economic turmoil, regional financial and currency devaluation, slower economic growth, low
demand of oil and gas, lower oil and gas price and lower prospectivity and commerciality of the oil
and gas projects. This case study evaluated PETRONAS strategic position and the impact on the
international portfolios and made recommendation relating to these strategic issues. This case study
analyzed the environmental factors influencing the company future direction through the used of the
SWOT analysis and determined the strategic thrust to comprehend the SWOT analysis. This study
assessed analytically, through the used of SPACE, the future company direction and evaluated the
oversea portfolios to determine the portfolios growth opportunities and provide the decision as to
whether these portfolios should be retained, partnered or divested. IV Abstrak Visi PETRONAS
adalah "Menjadi Syarikat Minyak dan Gas Antarabangsa Yang Terulung dan Terpilih" dan ia telah
memulakan usaha globalisasi pada tahun 1994. Usahanya ke arah globalisasi telah menjangkau ke
negara–negara di Afrika, Confederate

Tourist Destinations in the Muslim World
Köw Ata underground lake This Lake is located within the Bakharden Köw Ata cave in the city of
Bakharden. Bakharden is located 56 miles east of the capital city Ashgabat. The lake is 200 feet
deep underground and approximately 235 feet long. The lake is heated by thermal springs which
keep the water at 35°C and allow for the lake to be used as a bath. The water contains numerous
minerals and salts and is the home of the largest colony of bats in the region. I selected this site
because I love the Carlsbad Caverns here in the United States and I thought that it would be
interesting to visit a place that is popular with the local population. I have always been fascinated by
the rock formations that form in old Caverns and how you are able to just how old a place is by
looking at the sedimentary layers present. While at the Cave I would like to tour all the different
parts that I am able as well as to swim in the lake. I think that this will impact my understanding and
experience of the country because I will be able to see what it is like to be a landlocked country that
has very little access to large bodies of water. While the Caspian Sea is accessible to Turkmenistan,
the Köw Ata Lake is preferred by the Capital's citizens due to its proximity. It will be a new
perspective to have, especially coming from a country where pools and water parks are abundant.
http://www.atlasobscura.com/places/koew–ata–underground–lake Plateau of Dinosaurs The Plateau
is located within

Spacex Research Paper
SpaceX Satellite Launch Planned for Today
If all goes well in today's SpaceX satellite launch, Turkmenistan
(en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkmenistan ) will have its first communications satellite placed into orbit
this evening. The satellite is scheduled to travel into space at 6:14pm EST, with a 60 percent change
of good weather in the forecast. Turkmenistan used to be part of the Soviet republic, and is now
considered as belonging to Central Asia.
The main concern with the weather would be the chance of clouds obscuring the satellite launch,
and should this occur, the mission would have to be rescheduled for another date with better
conditions, but officials are hoping that will not be necessary.
The satellite launch will be conducted from Florida's ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Now, the South Asian nation rents satellite coverage from the Russians.
The satellite is about 10,000 pounds and 16 feet tall and is expected to travel in an orbit above the
Earth at 22,000 miles above the equator following a longitude of 52 degrees east, and will have a
coverage area of not only Turkmenistan, but also Europe and Africa. It was originally supposed to
go up in November 2014, but was delayed due to checking out a possible problem with the SpaceX
rocket's helium pressurization system.
No Rocket Return Flight Planned This Trip
Unlike several previous attempts, SpaceX isn't going to try to have their Falcon 9 rocket travel back
to Earth and try to land on a target ship due to not having enough fuel this time around. Previous
attempts did not succeed in a successful landing on the target ship, which was tried to help salvage
the Falcon 9 rocket for future use I order to save money on having to build a new one for every
satellite launch. Each of the Falcon 9 rockets costs millions of dollars, so this would be a significant
savings once they are able to perfect the return landing

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