Presentation slides of IEEE EDUCON 2019 talk

1. Computer Science Education Group
Observations from the field of mechanical engineering
Technology Enhanced Learning in
Critical Incidents for
Adrian Wilke, M. Sc. Prof. Dr. Johannes Magenheim
EDUCON 2019 Dubai
Vocational Education and Training

2. MLS - Mobile Learning in Smart Factories
2
Critical Incidents for
Technology Enhanced Learning in
Adrian Wilke, Johannes Magenheim
● 2015 ‐ 2017
● In cooperation with the
non-profit company
Nachwuchsstiftung Maschinenbau
● German Federal Ministry
of Education and Research
Funding code: 01PD14009B
Vocational Education and Training

3. Insights
3
Critical Incidents for
Technology Enhanced Learning in
Vocational Education and Training
Adrian Wilke, Johannes Magenheim

4. model based on Volpert and Hacker
Hierarchical-sequential organization of activities
4
Critical Incidents for
Technology Enhanced Learning in
Adrian Wilke, Johannes Magenheim
Vocational Education and Training

5. model based on Volpert and Hacker
Hierarchical-sequential organization of activities
5
Critical Incidents for
Technology Enhanced Learning in
Adrian Wilke, Johannes Magenheim
Vocational Education and Training
temporal sequence
hierarchical view on tasks
gradual progress
technology support

6. model based on Volpert and Hacker
Apprenticeship in mechanical engineering
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Critical Incidents for
Technology Enhanced Learning in
Adrian Wilke, Johannes Magenheim
Vocational Education and Training
3.5 years

7. model based on Volpert and Hacker
Sub-tasks of a CNC learning task
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Critical Incidents for
Technology Enhanced Learning in
Adrian Wilke, Johannes Magenheim
Vocational Education and Training
“complete action”
based on works of
Volpert and Hacker

8. model based on Volpert and Hacker
Technology support
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Critical Incidents for
Technology Enhanced Learning in
Adrian Wilke, Johannes Magenheim
Vocational Education and Training
Support for sub-tasks

9. 9
Critical Incidents for
Technology Enhanced Learning in
Adrian Wilke, Johannes Magenheim
Vocational Education and Training

10. 10
Critical Incidents for
Technology Enhanced Learning in
Adrian Wilke, Johannes Magenheim
Vocational Education and Training
sub-tasks
instructions and
information
individual
learning materials
● interactive sheets
● technical drawing
● 3D volume model

11. 11
Critical Incidents for
Technology Enhanced Learning in
Adrian Wilke, Johannes Magenheim
Vocational Education and Training
● interactive sheets
● technical drawing
● 3D volume model

12. 12Adrian Wilke, Johannes Magenheim
Methods
● Observations: The Critical Incident Technique (CIT)
● General aim of work tasks:
Autonomous production of components and sub-assemblies
involving the planning, execution and checking of work
work phase
description of observation optional explanation
estimated extend of
effect on general aim
Critical Incidents for
Technology Enhanced Learning in
Vocational Education and Training

13. 13Adrian Wilke, Johannes Magenheim
Methods
● 15 task executions in 10 training companies
● February to October 2017
● 2 Observers: Prospective master craftsman
and observer with TEL background
● 292 incidents recorded
● 188 answers to questions
in integrated survey
● Classification dimensions:
○ Process (2) temporal sequences involving changes of states
○ Artifact (8) material objects + theoretical units
○ Social (3) interactions among autonomous subjects
Critical Incidents for
Technology Enhanced Learning in
Vocational Education and Training

14. Number of observed incidents during work phases
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Critical Incidents for
Technology Enhanced Learning in
Adrian Wilke, Johannes Magenheim
Vocational Education and Training
depending on duration of work phases
duplicates: similar textual descriptions & same estimations

15. Number of classified incidents in total (bold) and
Intersections (in relative frequencies to categories on the left)
15
Critical Incidents for
Technology Enhanced Learning in
Adrian Wilke, Johannes Magenheim
Vocational Education and Training

16. Number of classified incidents in total (bold) and
Intersections (in relative frequencies to categories on the left)
16
Critical Incidents for
Technology Enhanced Learning in
Adrian Wilke, Johannes Magenheim
Vocational Education and Training

17. Number of classified incidents in total (bold) and
Intersections (in relative frequencies to categories on the left)
17
Critical Incidents for
Technology Enhanced Learning in
Adrian Wilke, Johannes Magenheim
Vocational Education and Training
.5 of ‘colleagues’ also
‘work’ classified
2 incidents including ‘colleagues’
classified in total

18. Number of classified incidents in total (bold) and
Intersections (in relative frequencies to categories on the left)
18
Critical Incidents for
Technology Enhanced Learning in
Adrian Wilke, Johannes Magenheim
Vocational Education and Training

19. Results: Process
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● Most important: Technical drawings.
Digital: Smooth enlargement.
● Integrated digital sheets provide relevant
assistance in contrast to printed
alternatives.
Belated corrections & modifications.
● Lists of checkboxes implemented to
support the awareness of work steps.
Sometimes omitted,
checked without reading.
➤ Routine procedure
Critical Incidents for
Technology Enhanced Learning in
Vocational Education and Training
Adrian Wilke, Johannes Magenheim

20. Results: Process
20
Critical Incidents for
Technology Enhanced Learning in
Vocational Education and Training
Adrian Wilke, Johannes Magenheim
analysis
preparation
planning &
documentation
machine
setup
programming
manufacturing
quality
control exchangedtogether

21. Results: Artifacts
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● Self-explanatory user interface.
Quickly familarized.
● Analysis: 3D volume model
● Embedded high-quality
learning materials
● Tablet keyboard overlapping
➤ External keyboard
● WIFI in all rooms
Critical Incidents for
Technology Enhanced Learning in
Vocational Education and Training
Adrian Wilke, Johannes Magenheim

22. Results: Social
22
● Assumed: Most questions
during preparation phase.
Reality: During manufacturing.
(7 of 9 incidents)
● Concept of learning system
enforces direct face-to-face
communication
● Apprentices asked more
experienced colleagues,
trainers and observers for help.
➤ Importance of the entire community of
practice for guidance at the workplace.
Critical Incidents for
Technology Enhanced Learning in
Vocational Education and Training
Adrian Wilke, Johannes Magenheim

23. Results: Suggestions for similar projects
23
● Charcteristics
○ Practical work on machines at several locations
○ Learning and work tasks can be subdivided into phases
○ Tasks with similar structure used throughout entire apprenticeship
● Requirements: User-Centered Design (see publications at project website)
● Mapping: Sub-task activities and objectives ⇔ TEL
Critical Incidents for
Technology Enhanced Learning in
Vocational Education and Training
Adrian Wilke, Johannes Magenheim

24. Project
go.upb.de/mls
Thank you
24
Critical Incidents for
Technology Enhanced Learning in
Adrian Wilke, Johannes Magenheim
Vocational Education and Training
Slides
@adrianwilke

25. Appendix: Publications
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Wilke, A. & Magenheim, J. Critical Incidents for Technology Enhanced Learning in Vocational Education
and Training. Accepted at 2019 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference.
Wilke, A. (2017). Requirements for Mobile Learning in Vocational Training in the field of Mechanical
Engineering. In A. Tatnall & M. Webb (Hrsg.), Tomorrow’s learning: Involving everyone. Learning with and
about Technologies and Computing. WCCE 2017. IFIP Advances in Information and Communication
Technology, vol 515. Springer, Cham. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-74310-3_13
Wilke, A. & Magenheim, J. (2017). Requirements analysis for the design of workplace-integrated learning
scenarios with mobile devices: Mapping the territory for learning in Industry 4.0. In Proceedings of 2017
IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference. Athens, Greece: IEEE.
DOI: 10.1109/EDUCON.2017.7942890
Wilke, A., Kowalewski, M., Magenheim, J., & Margaritis, M. (2015). Facing the upcoming challenges in
vocational training with mobile learning. In A. Brodnik & C. Lewin (Eds.), IFIP TC3 Working Conference “A
New Culture of Learning: Computing and next Generations” Proceedings (pp. 405–406). Vilnius University,
Lithuania. URN:NBN:DE:HBZ:466:2-26866
Critical Incidents for
Technology Enhanced Learning in
Vocational Education and Training
Tags: IEEE EDUCON / EDUCON19 / EDUCON2019
Adrian Wilke, Johannes Magenheim