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SLIDESMANIA.COM
Biodegradação de
óleo disperso no mar Mírcia Félix
Doriliana Dias
Mileidy Oliveira
Élida Pio
Zélia Lima
Docente Jailson Pereira
SLIDESMANIA.COM
SUMÁRIO
● Derramamento De Óleo Nos Oceanos
● Danos Causados Pelo Óleo Nos Mares
● Biodegradação Do Óleo
● Conceitos Relacionados
SLIDESMANIA.COM
Óleos – Características Gerais
● Resultantes da esterificação
entre o glicerol e ácidos graxos
● Não Persistentes – Óleos Leves
● Persistentes – Óleos Crus
● Propriedades:
Volatilidade, Viscosidade,
Fluidez, Tensão superficial,
Ponto de Ignição, Solubilidade.
SLIDESMANIA.COM
DERRAMAMENTO DE ÓLEO NO MAR
SLIDESMANIA.COM
Como O Óleo Pode Poluir Os Oceanos?
 Defeitos nos navios-petroleiros;
 Vazamentos nas plataformas de petróleo;
 Rompimentos de dutos;
 Lançamento, no mar, de água utilizada para
lavar reservatórios que contenham
petróleo;
SLIDESMANIA.COM
Derramamento de óleo no mar
 O derramamento de óleo no mar é um problema
ambiental grave pois causa prejuízos a todos os
organismos que ali vivem.
 Essas situações ocorrem como resultado de uma
série de fatores, tais como acidentes nas
plataformas de petróleo ou mesmo com
navios-petroleiros.
7
SLIDESMANIA.COM
Intemperismo Do Óleo
● Evaporação
● Oxidação
● Espalhamento
● Dissolução
● Biodegradação
● Sedimentação
8
SLIDESMANIA.COM
Biodegradação
Biorremediação
SLIDESMANIA.COM
Biodegradação Biorremediação
● Utilização de
organismos vivos para
remover os poluentes
do ambiente
● Processos de degradação
biológica – utilização de
técnicas
10
SLIDESMANIA.COM
Biorremediação - válvula de Escape
● Microrganismos – Bactérias
Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Cromobacter, Proteus
2 características principais
● Processos:
- Ex situ
- In situ
• Naturalmente
• Estimulação
• Microrganismos específicos
SLIDESMANIA.COM
SLIDESMANIA.COM
Petroleiro Americano
Exxon Valdez - 1989
SLIDESMANIA.COM
Considerações Finais
● Técnica sustentável promissora na recuperação de áreas
afetadas pelo vazamento de óleos e resíduos tóxicos.
● Utilização alternativa à outras técnicas de degradação.
● Processo seguro, não afeta o meio ambiente afetado pelo
poluente nem populações que vivem nas proximidades.
● Grande eficiência e de baixo custo.
14
SLIDESMANIA.COM
Thank You!
SLIDESMANIA.COM
Referências Bibliográficas
● Imagens: Google
● UCHÔA, Victor (2019). Biorremediação: Os métodos
naturais que podem ajudar a recuperar áreas
manchadas pelo petróleo.
● CAIRES, Luanne (2018). Microrganismos são
alternativa sustentável para recuperação de áreas
contaminadas. ComCiência.

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Biodegradação de óleo disperso no mar