Develop microservices in php

© 2018 Rogue Wave Software, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
DEVELOPMICROSERVICESDEVELOPMICROSERVICES
INPHPINPHP
by
Senior Software Engineer
Inc.
, Milan (Italy), 30th Nov
Enrico Zimuel
Rogue Wave Software
Codemotion 2018

ABOUTMEABOUTME
Developer since 1996
Senior Software Engineer at
Inc.
Open source contributor ,
and
and international speaker
Professor at and
Research Programmer at
Co-founder of (Italy)
Rogue
Wave Software
Apigility
Expressive Zend Framework
TEDx
ITS-ICT Piemonte
Amsterdam
University
PUG Torino

BOOK:SVILUPPAREINPHP7BOOK:SVILUPPAREINPHP7
pp. 352, , 2017
ISBN 978-88-481-3120-9
in Italian
www.sviluppareinphp7.it
Tecniche Nuove

MICROSERVICEMICROSERVICE

...the microservice architectural style is an
approach to developing a single
application as a suite of small services,
each running in its own process and
communicating with lightweight
mechanisms, often an HTTP resource API
- Martin Fowler

Source: Introduction to microservices

BENEFITBENEFIT
Separation of concerns
Modularity
Encapsulation
Scalability
Horizontally scaling
Workload partitioning

CONSCONS
Network latency
Debugging
New architecture challenges:
Autodiscovery
Telemetry
Everything needs to be automated

PHPPHP

MICROSERVICESINPHPMICROSERVICESINPHP
PHP is easy to deploy
PHP 7 is super fast!
Big community
Libraries/Frameworks
Async in PHP (Swoole, ReactPHP, ...)

The PHP framework for middleware applications
PSR-7 support (using )
PSR-15 support and piping work ow (using
)
Features: routing, dependency injection, templating,
error handling
Support of out-of-the-box
zend-diactoros
zend-
stratigility
Swoole

ABASICWEBAPIABASICWEBAPI
use ZendDiactorosResponseJsonResponse;
use ZendExpressiveApplication;
$container = require 'config/container.php';
$app = $container->get(Application::class);
$app->pipe('/api/ping', function($request) {
return new JsonResponse(['ack' => time()]);
});
// $app->pipe('/api/ping', AppHandlerPingHandler::class);
$app->run();

REQUESTHANDLERREQUESTHANDLER
use PsrHttpMessageResponseInterface as Response; // PSR-7
use PsrHttpMessageServerRequestInterface as Request; // PSR-7
use PsrHttpServerRequestHandlerInterface as Handler; // PSR-15
use ZendDiactorosResponseJsonResponse;
class PingHandler implements Handler
{
public function handle(Request $request) : Response
{
return new JsonResponse(['ack' => time()]);
}
}

MIDDLEWAREMIDDLEWARE

EXAMPLE:AUTHENTICATIONEXAMPLE:AUTHENTICATION
use PsrHttpServerMiddlewareInterface; // PSR-15
class AuthMiddleware implements MiddlewareInterface
{
public function process(Request $request, Handler $handler): Response
{
$user = $this->auth->authenticate($request);
if (null !== $user) {
return $handler->handle($request->withAttribute(
UserInterface::class,
$user
));
}
return $this->auth->unauthorizedResponse($request);
}
}

EXAMPLE:ROUTINGRESTAPIEXAMPLE:ROUTINGRESTAPI
$app->route('/api/users[/{id}]', [
AuthenticationAuthenticationMiddleware::class,
AuthorizationAuthorizationMiddleware::class,
ApiActionUserAction::class
], ['GET', 'POST', 'PATCH', 'DELETE'], 'api.users');
// or route each HTTP method
$app->get('/api/users[/{id}]', ..., 'api.users.get');
$app->post('/api/users', ..., 'api.users.post');
$app->patch('/api/users/{id}', ..., 'api.users.patch');
$app->delete('/api/users/{id}', ..., 'api.users.delete');

QUICKSTARTQUICKSTART
You can start using Expressive with :composer
composer create-project zendframework/zend-expressive-skeleton <dir>

LIBRARIESFORAPILIBRARIESFORAPI
HAL-JSON:
Problem details:
Filtering & validation:
Authentication (HTTP Basic, OAuth2):
Authorization (ACL, RBAC):
zend-expressive-hal
zend-problem-details
zend-input lter
zend-expressive-
authentication
zend-expressive-
authorization

SWOOLESWOOLE

Swoole is an async programming framework for PHP 7
PHP extension, install:
Released under Apache license 2.0
More info at
pecl install swoole
swoole.co.uk

FEATURESFEATURES
Event-driven, asynchronous programming for PHP
Async TCP / UDP / HTTP / Websocket / HTTP2
client/server side API
IPv4 / IPv6 / Unixsocket / TCP/ UDP and SSL / TLS
support
and scalable
Fast serializer / unserializer
Milliseconds task scheduler
High performance

SWOOLEVS.PHP-FPMSWOOLEVS.PHP-FPM
Forks a number of worker processes based on CPU
core number
Fupports Long-live connections
Manage and reuse the status in memory
Executes Non-blocking code (async, coroutine)

HTTPSERVERHTTPSERVER
use SwooleHttpServer;
$http = new Server("127.0.0.1", 9501);
$http->on("start", function ($server) {
echo "Started at http://127.0.0.1:9501n";
});
$http->on("request", function ($request, $response) {
$response->header("Content-Type", "text/plain");
$response->end("Hello Worldn");
});
$http->start();
Test: 16K req/sec on CPU i5-2500, 16 GB RAM, PHP 7.2.12, Swoole 4.2.9

EXPRESSIVEWITHSWOOLEEXPRESSIVEWITHSWOOLE
Install:
composer require zendframework/zend-expressive-swoole
Usage:
vendor/bin/zend-expressive-swoole start
Open your browser at localhost:8080

PHP+EXPRESSIVE+SWOOLEPHP+EXPRESSIVE+SWOOLE
Run a web application from CLI
Simplify the deploy (only 1 container)
A web server (nginx) can be used as load balancer

BENCHMARKBENCHMARK
2-4x faster than Nginx and Apache
Req/sec (mean)
Nginx 1418.23
Apache 1915.62
Swoole 4864.34
Testing environment:
Ubuntu 18.04, , PHP 7.2.12, Nginx 1.14 + FPM,
Apache 2.4.29 + mod_php, Swoole 4.2.9, CPU i5-2500, 16 GB RAM, HD SSD
Expressive Skeleton 3.2.3

REFERENCESREFERENCES
Michael Bryzek, , QCon 2018 talk
, QCon 2016 talk
Martin Fowler, , GOTO 2014 talk
, Nginx blog post
, Nginx ebook (free)
Richard Rodger, , Manning Pubblications, 2017
M.Amundsen, M.McLarty, R.Mitra, I.Nadareishvili,
, O'Reilly Media, 2016
Sam Newman, , O'Reilly Media, 2015
C.P.Sanchez, P.S.Vilariño, , Packt publisher, 2017
M.W.O'Phinney, E.Zimuel, , Zend ebook (free)
Design Microservice Architectures the Right Way
Mastering Chaos - A Net ix Guide to Microservices
Microservices
Introduction to Microservices
Designing and Deploying Microservices
The Tao of microservices
Microservice Architecture: Aligning
Principles, Practices, and Culture
Building Microservices: Designing Fine-Grained Systems
PHP Microservices
Expressive cookbook

THANKS!THANKS!
Contact me: enrico.zimuel (at) roguewave.com
Follow me: @ezimuel
This work is licensed under a
.
I used to make this presentation.
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License
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