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Here is another installment of PlanetCNC writings. Again, looking back and needless to say, I
grew up under the influence of Cold War anticommunism. A good part of my life so far has been
me reasoning my way out of a right-wing political culture. I mentioned before that I’m based in
Long Island, New York, the United States of America. It’s a stronghold for right-wing politics in
the U.S. Some of the essays here reflect that political influence—an influence I’ve come to
thoroughly, completely reject. In any case, feel free to take a look. It’s another collection of
curios, knick-knacks, etc. You’ll also get a glimpse of a then-adolescent writer’s mindset.
Stephen Cheng
Saturday, January 16, 2021
A Soviet Holocaust
By Stephen Cheng | August 16, 2003
Link: http://planetcnc.gamespy.com/View596f.html?view=Essays.Detail&id=155
To say the least, and to be blunt, the human rights record of the Soviet Union was dismal. In both the
actual andCommand& Conquertimelines,the Unionof Soviet Socialist Republics was notorious for its
state-mandatedtorturesandexecutions.The gulag,the concentrationcampsysteminSiberia,provided
a tellingexample astothe extentof Soviethumanrightsviolations.Ithasbeena symbol of sufferingdue
to the actions of the Soviet government, especially under the rule of Joseph Stalin.
The Holocaustthat had occurredduringthe actual WorldWar II wasone of the mostinfamousatrocities
evercommitted.The waritself wasone of the bloodiestconflictseverfoughtinhuman history. Perhaps
the bloodshed could have been avoided; but what was done was done, or was it?
In the introductioncinematictoC&C:Red Alert,AlbertEinsteinsoughttorectifyhistory.He wentbackin
time from1946 to 1924 inan efforttoeliminateAdolphHitler,the manwhowasultimatelyresponsible
for the Holocaust.Asa result,there was never a war in Europe that was fought between the Allies and
the National Socialists. But, and although it was unintended by Einstein, there was still a war that
occurred in Europe. The conflict was known as the Great World War II, fought between the Allies and
the Soviets.
A holocaust(lower case) is generally defined as a massive loss of life, especially due to slaughter. In a
sense then,the GreatWorldWar IIwas a holocaust, having claimed over 100 million lives, as according
to the Canon of C&C in the PlanetCNC Encyclopedia. But there is another holocaust that probably
occurredduringthe war, a holocaustthat involvedSoviet persecution. But in this holocaust, it may not
be the Jewswhowouldbe the primary target, but perhaps the capitalists of the bourgeois societies of
Western Europe.
In The Communist Manifesto, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, described class struggle as a conflict
between two groups: the "haves" and the "have-nots." These two stated that the "haves" were the
dominant group since they controlled the means of production (such as factories). And the dominant
people in a capitalist society were the bourgeois. It was believed by Marx and Engels that the time
would come when the lower group, the proletariat, would overthrow the bourgeois and claim
2
ownershipoverthe means of production. The proletariat was to lead by the communists, described in
the Manifestoasthe mostresolute factionof the workingclass.A socialist society would arise from the
remainsof its capitalist predecessor, and eventually a communist society will evolve from its socialist
ancestor.
Vladimir Lenin revised Marxism by asserting that since the proletariat cannot organize itself into a
revolutionaryforce,itwouldneedto be led by a small group of Marxists. This group would be the very
core of the revolutionarymovement.Afterthe BolshevikRevolutionof October24,1917, Russiaplunged
intocivil war.Whenthe kulaks,the middle-classpeasants of Russia, began to revolt, Lenin ordered the
torture and executionof one hundredof these peasants.Itwas to serve as a lesson to other dissidents.
And when Joseph Stalin took over in 1924, he sent the kulaks into forced labor and/or had them
executed as part of his agricultural collectivization scheme.
Soviet Russia in its early years was a pre-industrial society. The kulaks could be considered the
"bourgeois"of pre-modernRussia.Andif Stalinhadnoqualmsslaughteringthe kulakswhenhe ordered
the collectivization of Soviet agriculture, would he really mind killing off the capitalists of the West?
The death toll of the Great World War II was at least 100 million lives. How many of them could have
beencapitalists,the perceivedenemyof the proletariat? When Stalin spoke of a continental Russia, he
alsospoke of "liberating"Europe (asdemonstrated in the Soviet final victory cinematic in Red Alert 1).
But a liberation from whom? From the exploitative tendencies of: military officers gone corrupt, the
nobles of old, and, of course, the bourgeois.
Andthe "exploiters"mayhave languishedinaconcentrationcampsystem, be itthe gulag in Siberia or a
newsetof campsbuiltonSovietterritoryclaimedduringthe war. Or perhaps they were condemned to
mass executions. If the Soviets were sadistic enough, they may have utilized these prisoners in
"experiments" involving Tesla technology, fire-based defense systems, robotics, or even for "training
sessions" involving attack dogs.
Or, if not concentration camps and executions, Stalin might attempt to force the bourgeois into
managing(atthe lowerlevels)the commandeconomies that would undoubtedly be established in the
territory claimed by the Soviets. After all, the native capitalists surely have knowledge as to where to
find resources, where the most convenient trade routes are, and which region is a producer of which
product.Such informationwouldnodoubtbe of interesttothe Sovietgovernment,since payingthe war
costs wouldcertainlybe anissue (andaboostin the USSR's national income wouldbe,obviously, quite,
welcome). Some businessmen had even tried to sign contracts with the Soviets, with the Molotov
brothers(arms dealers in Red Alert: Counterstrike. They were exposed for treachery and killed by the
Reds) as a key example.
However, the bourgeois may not be the only victims of Soviet tyranny during the war. The religious,
especiallythe JewsandChristians, could also be subject to persecution. According to Marx and Engels,
religionwasadrug that deludedpeople.The Leniniststookthe anti-religious component of Marxism to
heart. It would seem, then, if Stalin was to "liberate" Europe, he would have to crush religious
institutions such as the Roman Catholic Church and also hunt down any devout Catholics, Protestants,
3
and Jews (pagans, if there were any, may also be targets).
And Stalin despised abortion and homosexuality as well. During the time when Stalin practiced his
"socialism in one country" policy, homosexuality and abortion were outlawed. It would not be
surprising, either, if Soviet troops began hunting down abortion providers and homosexuals in their
conquest of Europe. To Stalin, what mattered was for families to be productive in the childbearing
sense.Sonswere to be soldiers and workers. Daughters were to become mothers. One may wonder if
Stalin was in a small way a social conservative.
The listcan go on and on.The victimsof Sovietoppressionweremany.Andthe reasons as to why these
victimssufferedwere numerousaswell.However,one thingwasforsure,whereverSovietterrorstruck,
much blood was left behind.
Einstein,whenhe wentbackintime to erase Hitler from history, probably intended to try and prevent
the Holocaust. Over six million Jews as well as other victims of the Nazis could have been saved. The
people whohadfoughtinthe SecondWorldWar couldhave survived.Butthiswasnot to be. A far more
devastatingconflictknownasthe Great World War II occurred (the WWII of the C&C timeline). It was a
war that claimedthe livesof at least 100 million people. And one ought to wonder how many of these
casualties were due to Soviet mass murder.
The Kosygin File
By Stephen Cheng | July 20, 2003
Link: http://planetcnc.gamespy.com/Viewf512.html?view=Essays.Detail&id=147
One of the most important defectors during the Great World War II was Major Vladimir Kosygin.
Formerly a nuclear strategist in the Soviet military, he was revolted by Joseph Stalin's desire to use
atomicweapons.Andinthe ninthmissionof the Allied campaign for the first Red Alert, the player had
to senda spy intothe Sovietcommandcenterinthe Rigaarea (whatisnow Latvia) and ensure Kosygin's
safe passage to Alliedterritory. In the next mission, Kosygin gave details on the Soviet nuclear missile
program and orders were given to destroy the Soviet base that has been housing the missiles.
All things considered, Kosygin was probably considered a hero by the Allies. But what became of him
afterthe EuropeanMissile Crisis(aCommand&Conquertermthat I have developed. Not too original, I
admit?). According to Andrew Lee in his essay, "The Red Alert Story," Kosygin lived in a city in Europe
witha differentname.Butinfootnote numbereight,Lee wrote thatitisunknownasto Kosygin's future
after having supplied information to the Allies on Soviet nuclear capabilities. Nonetheless, Lee's
assumption is a reasonable one.
However, the question still stands. Whatever became of Kosygin? To begin, it should be obvious as to
why Kosygin would live under a new name. The simple answer is protection; and protection from
whom?Namely,embitteredandsurvivingSovietswhoknew of Kosygin's defection and wished to seek
revenge.
But whenwasKosyginsuspectedbythe Soviets?Apparentlyafteran Allied strike team deactivated the
4
fourmissilesthatthe Sovietcommandhadlaunched.Ascanbe reasonable assumed, Stalin was furious
that the Allies were able to shut down his missiles, which were in mid-flight, within the nick of time.
Stalin,apparently,thoughtthathe wasbetrayed,orderedasweepinginvestigationof hispersonnel and
calledformasstrialsand executions.The peoplehelduptothe highestscrutinywouldmostlikelybe the
ones involved in the nuclear weapons program. Soviet state investigators would, as can be expected,
take note of any officers who had not arrived to Moscow for accountability. Kosygin would be one of
these officers, and he would undoubtedly be a suspect responsible for the Soviet nuclear fiasco.
However, settling scores with Kosygin probably seemed too impractical, since the former Soviet was
undoubtedlyunderAlliedprotection,andthe Allieshadbegunmobilizing anassaultupon Soviet Russia.
Althoughthe Alliedbanner would fly over Moscow, symbolizing the end of the Great World War II and
the victoryof the West,there couldstill be, unsurprisingly, Soviet loyalists attempting to strike back at
the Allies.The loyalistsmayconsistof ex-KGBofficers,former Soviet military commanders, Communist
Party ideologues, and Russian neo-nationalists. One way for these militants to fight back would be to
assassinate anykey Allied officials based in occupied Russia along with any prominent ex-Soviets that
have decided to assist the Allies. Possibly, Kosygin would be on the hit list.
And there is yet another question that ought to be addressed. What was the relationship between
Kosygin and the Allied high command later on in the Great World War II, after the missile crisis in
Europe? The relationship may involve voluntary cooperation, hostility, or indifference.
Cooperationbetweenthe AlliesandKosyginmaybe due to an Allied special weapons project. Kosygin,
disillusionedandhorrifiedtowardsthe Sovietcause,may had thrown his full support behind the Allied
war effortandtoldall he hadknownaboutnucleartechnologyandthe Soviet atomic weapons program
so as to helpthe Allies develop their own super-weapons and thus make the playing field more even.
Those whofeel thattheyhad beenliberatedfromanevil tendtobe the mostaggressive fightersagainst
that particular evil. For Kosygin, this was perhaps indeed the case.
Andif not willingcooperationthere may be coercion.Of course, Kosygin may have abhorred the Soviet
regime for all it was worth, but that did not mean that he would be completely devoted to the Allied
powers.Tobegin,althoughKosyginwasnotascientist,he wouldnonethelesshave some knowledge on
nuclear weapons and also know where to best deploy and detonate them. He was, essentially, still a
nuclear expert. And with his knowledge of atomic weaponry, he would surely know about the
devastation that can be wrought from the uses of the said weaponry. The Soviets were not the only
onescapable of committingatrocities,somethingthatKosyginwas probably well aware of. If the Allies
were adamant about utilizing an unwilling Kosygin for military research, it is possible that they may
attempt to force (or bribe) him to comply.
There might also be another reason as to why the Allies may want to keep tabs on Kosygin. He knows
too much.He was,afterall,a formerhigh-level Sovietnuclearweaponsstrategistwhowasalsoinvolved
in one of the most critical Allied operations, which was the elimination of the four long-range atomic
warheads that the Soviets possessed. In practical terms, Kosygin had been a double agent. If Kosygin
couldbetraythe Soviets, he could do the same to the Allies. And such a possibility was not something
that the Allies wanted to see as a reality.
5
Finally,the thirdpossibilityis that of Vladimir Kosygin living out the rest of his life without any further
involvementwiththe Allies.Hisrole inthe GreatWorld War II would onlybe a fleetingmovement when
comparedto the restof humanhistoryandthe eventsthatwouldlaterunfold.Afterall,Kosyginwasnot
an actual scientist,andaphysicistandgeniussuchasAlbertEinsteinwouldsurelybe able to discern the
effectiveness of nuclear fission. Sooner or later the West would be able to develop nuclear power
(perhaps with some help from Soviet research that may have been captured by the Allies during the
war).
The question as to Kosygin's life after the European Missile Crisis is one that has yet to be resolved.
Kosygin may have been on the run from pro-Soviet militants in postwar Europe. And Kosygin's later
relationshipwiththe Alliednationsisalsoamystery.Mostlikely,further light will not be shed as to the
fate of Vladimir Kosygin, the man who helped save Europe from nuclear holocaust.

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PlanetCNC writings, volume 3

  • 1. 1 Here is another installment of PlanetCNC writings. Again, looking back and needless to say, I grew up under the influence of Cold War anticommunism. A good part of my life so far has been me reasoning my way out of a right-wing political culture. I mentioned before that I’m based in Long Island, New York, the United States of America. It’s a stronghold for right-wing politics in the U.S. Some of the essays here reflect that political influence—an influence I’ve come to thoroughly, completely reject. In any case, feel free to take a look. It’s another collection of curios, knick-knacks, etc. You’ll also get a glimpse of a then-adolescent writer’s mindset. Stephen Cheng Saturday, January 16, 2021 A Soviet Holocaust By Stephen Cheng | August 16, 2003 Link: http://planetcnc.gamespy.com/View596f.html?view=Essays.Detail&id=155 To say the least, and to be blunt, the human rights record of the Soviet Union was dismal. In both the actual andCommand& Conquertimelines,the Unionof Soviet Socialist Republics was notorious for its state-mandatedtorturesandexecutions.The gulag,the concentrationcampsysteminSiberia,provided a tellingexample astothe extentof Soviethumanrightsviolations.Ithasbeena symbol of sufferingdue to the actions of the Soviet government, especially under the rule of Joseph Stalin. The Holocaustthat had occurredduringthe actual WorldWar II wasone of the mostinfamousatrocities evercommitted.The waritself wasone of the bloodiestconflictseverfoughtinhuman history. Perhaps the bloodshed could have been avoided; but what was done was done, or was it? In the introductioncinematictoC&C:Red Alert,AlbertEinsteinsoughttorectifyhistory.He wentbackin time from1946 to 1924 inan efforttoeliminateAdolphHitler,the manwhowasultimatelyresponsible for the Holocaust.Asa result,there was never a war in Europe that was fought between the Allies and the National Socialists. But, and although it was unintended by Einstein, there was still a war that occurred in Europe. The conflict was known as the Great World War II, fought between the Allies and the Soviets. A holocaust(lower case) is generally defined as a massive loss of life, especially due to slaughter. In a sense then,the GreatWorldWar IIwas a holocaust, having claimed over 100 million lives, as according to the Canon of C&C in the PlanetCNC Encyclopedia. But there is another holocaust that probably occurredduringthe war, a holocaustthat involvedSoviet persecution. But in this holocaust, it may not be the Jewswhowouldbe the primary target, but perhaps the capitalists of the bourgeois societies of Western Europe. In The Communist Manifesto, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, described class struggle as a conflict between two groups: the "haves" and the "have-nots." These two stated that the "haves" were the dominant group since they controlled the means of production (such as factories). And the dominant people in a capitalist society were the bourgeois. It was believed by Marx and Engels that the time would come when the lower group, the proletariat, would overthrow the bourgeois and claim
  • 2. 2 ownershipoverthe means of production. The proletariat was to lead by the communists, described in the Manifestoasthe mostresolute factionof the workingclass.A socialist society would arise from the remainsof its capitalist predecessor, and eventually a communist society will evolve from its socialist ancestor. Vladimir Lenin revised Marxism by asserting that since the proletariat cannot organize itself into a revolutionaryforce,itwouldneedto be led by a small group of Marxists. This group would be the very core of the revolutionarymovement.Afterthe BolshevikRevolutionof October24,1917, Russiaplunged intocivil war.Whenthe kulaks,the middle-classpeasants of Russia, began to revolt, Lenin ordered the torture and executionof one hundredof these peasants.Itwas to serve as a lesson to other dissidents. And when Joseph Stalin took over in 1924, he sent the kulaks into forced labor and/or had them executed as part of his agricultural collectivization scheme. Soviet Russia in its early years was a pre-industrial society. The kulaks could be considered the "bourgeois"of pre-modernRussia.Andif Stalinhadnoqualmsslaughteringthe kulakswhenhe ordered the collectivization of Soviet agriculture, would he really mind killing off the capitalists of the West? The death toll of the Great World War II was at least 100 million lives. How many of them could have beencapitalists,the perceivedenemyof the proletariat? When Stalin spoke of a continental Russia, he alsospoke of "liberating"Europe (asdemonstrated in the Soviet final victory cinematic in Red Alert 1). But a liberation from whom? From the exploitative tendencies of: military officers gone corrupt, the nobles of old, and, of course, the bourgeois. Andthe "exploiters"mayhave languishedinaconcentrationcampsystem, be itthe gulag in Siberia or a newsetof campsbuiltonSovietterritoryclaimedduringthe war. Or perhaps they were condemned to mass executions. If the Soviets were sadistic enough, they may have utilized these prisoners in "experiments" involving Tesla technology, fire-based defense systems, robotics, or even for "training sessions" involving attack dogs. Or, if not concentration camps and executions, Stalin might attempt to force the bourgeois into managing(atthe lowerlevels)the commandeconomies that would undoubtedly be established in the territory claimed by the Soviets. After all, the native capitalists surely have knowledge as to where to find resources, where the most convenient trade routes are, and which region is a producer of which product.Such informationwouldnodoubtbe of interesttothe Sovietgovernment,since payingthe war costs wouldcertainlybe anissue (andaboostin the USSR's national income wouldbe,obviously, quite, welcome). Some businessmen had even tried to sign contracts with the Soviets, with the Molotov brothers(arms dealers in Red Alert: Counterstrike. They were exposed for treachery and killed by the Reds) as a key example. However, the bourgeois may not be the only victims of Soviet tyranny during the war. The religious, especiallythe JewsandChristians, could also be subject to persecution. According to Marx and Engels, religionwasadrug that deludedpeople.The Leniniststookthe anti-religious component of Marxism to heart. It would seem, then, if Stalin was to "liberate" Europe, he would have to crush religious institutions such as the Roman Catholic Church and also hunt down any devout Catholics, Protestants,
  • 3. 3 and Jews (pagans, if there were any, may also be targets). And Stalin despised abortion and homosexuality as well. During the time when Stalin practiced his "socialism in one country" policy, homosexuality and abortion were outlawed. It would not be surprising, either, if Soviet troops began hunting down abortion providers and homosexuals in their conquest of Europe. To Stalin, what mattered was for families to be productive in the childbearing sense.Sonswere to be soldiers and workers. Daughters were to become mothers. One may wonder if Stalin was in a small way a social conservative. The listcan go on and on.The victimsof Sovietoppressionweremany.Andthe reasons as to why these victimssufferedwere numerousaswell.However,one thingwasforsure,whereverSovietterrorstruck, much blood was left behind. Einstein,whenhe wentbackintime to erase Hitler from history, probably intended to try and prevent the Holocaust. Over six million Jews as well as other victims of the Nazis could have been saved. The people whohadfoughtinthe SecondWorldWar couldhave survived.Butthiswasnot to be. A far more devastatingconflictknownasthe Great World War II occurred (the WWII of the C&C timeline). It was a war that claimedthe livesof at least 100 million people. And one ought to wonder how many of these casualties were due to Soviet mass murder. The Kosygin File By Stephen Cheng | July 20, 2003 Link: http://planetcnc.gamespy.com/Viewf512.html?view=Essays.Detail&id=147 One of the most important defectors during the Great World War II was Major Vladimir Kosygin. Formerly a nuclear strategist in the Soviet military, he was revolted by Joseph Stalin's desire to use atomicweapons.Andinthe ninthmissionof the Allied campaign for the first Red Alert, the player had to senda spy intothe Sovietcommandcenterinthe Rigaarea (whatisnow Latvia) and ensure Kosygin's safe passage to Alliedterritory. In the next mission, Kosygin gave details on the Soviet nuclear missile program and orders were given to destroy the Soviet base that has been housing the missiles. All things considered, Kosygin was probably considered a hero by the Allies. But what became of him afterthe EuropeanMissile Crisis(aCommand&Conquertermthat I have developed. Not too original, I admit?). According to Andrew Lee in his essay, "The Red Alert Story," Kosygin lived in a city in Europe witha differentname.Butinfootnote numbereight,Lee wrote thatitisunknownasto Kosygin's future after having supplied information to the Allies on Soviet nuclear capabilities. Nonetheless, Lee's assumption is a reasonable one. However, the question still stands. Whatever became of Kosygin? To begin, it should be obvious as to why Kosygin would live under a new name. The simple answer is protection; and protection from whom?Namely,embitteredandsurvivingSovietswhoknew of Kosygin's defection and wished to seek revenge. But whenwasKosyginsuspectedbythe Soviets?Apparentlyafteran Allied strike team deactivated the
  • 4. 4 fourmissilesthatthe Sovietcommandhadlaunched.Ascanbe reasonable assumed, Stalin was furious that the Allies were able to shut down his missiles, which were in mid-flight, within the nick of time. Stalin,apparently,thoughtthathe wasbetrayed,orderedasweepinginvestigationof hispersonnel and calledformasstrialsand executions.The peoplehelduptothe highestscrutinywouldmostlikelybe the ones involved in the nuclear weapons program. Soviet state investigators would, as can be expected, take note of any officers who had not arrived to Moscow for accountability. Kosygin would be one of these officers, and he would undoubtedly be a suspect responsible for the Soviet nuclear fiasco. However, settling scores with Kosygin probably seemed too impractical, since the former Soviet was undoubtedlyunderAlliedprotection,andthe Allieshadbegunmobilizing anassaultupon Soviet Russia. Althoughthe Alliedbanner would fly over Moscow, symbolizing the end of the Great World War II and the victoryof the West,there couldstill be, unsurprisingly, Soviet loyalists attempting to strike back at the Allies.The loyalistsmayconsistof ex-KGBofficers,former Soviet military commanders, Communist Party ideologues, and Russian neo-nationalists. One way for these militants to fight back would be to assassinate anykey Allied officials based in occupied Russia along with any prominent ex-Soviets that have decided to assist the Allies. Possibly, Kosygin would be on the hit list. And there is yet another question that ought to be addressed. What was the relationship between Kosygin and the Allied high command later on in the Great World War II, after the missile crisis in Europe? The relationship may involve voluntary cooperation, hostility, or indifference. Cooperationbetweenthe AlliesandKosyginmaybe due to an Allied special weapons project. Kosygin, disillusionedandhorrifiedtowardsthe Sovietcause,may had thrown his full support behind the Allied war effortandtoldall he hadknownaboutnucleartechnologyandthe Soviet atomic weapons program so as to helpthe Allies develop their own super-weapons and thus make the playing field more even. Those whofeel thattheyhad beenliberatedfromanevil tendtobe the mostaggressive fightersagainst that particular evil. For Kosygin, this was perhaps indeed the case. Andif not willingcooperationthere may be coercion.Of course, Kosygin may have abhorred the Soviet regime for all it was worth, but that did not mean that he would be completely devoted to the Allied powers.Tobegin,althoughKosyginwasnotascientist,he wouldnonethelesshave some knowledge on nuclear weapons and also know where to best deploy and detonate them. He was, essentially, still a nuclear expert. And with his knowledge of atomic weaponry, he would surely know about the devastation that can be wrought from the uses of the said weaponry. The Soviets were not the only onescapable of committingatrocities,somethingthatKosyginwas probably well aware of. If the Allies were adamant about utilizing an unwilling Kosygin for military research, it is possible that they may attempt to force (or bribe) him to comply. There might also be another reason as to why the Allies may want to keep tabs on Kosygin. He knows too much.He was,afterall,a formerhigh-level Sovietnuclearweaponsstrategistwhowasalsoinvolved in one of the most critical Allied operations, which was the elimination of the four long-range atomic warheads that the Soviets possessed. In practical terms, Kosygin had been a double agent. If Kosygin couldbetraythe Soviets, he could do the same to the Allies. And such a possibility was not something that the Allies wanted to see as a reality.
  • 5. 5 Finally,the thirdpossibilityis that of Vladimir Kosygin living out the rest of his life without any further involvementwiththe Allies.Hisrole inthe GreatWorld War II would onlybe a fleetingmovement when comparedto the restof humanhistoryandthe eventsthatwouldlaterunfold.Afterall,Kosyginwasnot an actual scientist,andaphysicistandgeniussuchasAlbertEinsteinwouldsurelybe able to discern the effectiveness of nuclear fission. Sooner or later the West would be able to develop nuclear power (perhaps with some help from Soviet research that may have been captured by the Allies during the war). The question as to Kosygin's life after the European Missile Crisis is one that has yet to be resolved. Kosygin may have been on the run from pro-Soviet militants in postwar Europe. And Kosygin's later relationshipwiththe Alliednationsisalsoamystery.Mostlikely,further light will not be shed as to the fate of Vladimir Kosygin, the man who helped save Europe from nuclear holocaust.