PORTABLE STORAGE SOLUTIONS - HARD DRIVES AND FLASH DRIVES BY DR SHASHWAT JANI. for healthcare information technology

1. Dr. Shashwat Kamal Jani.
M. S. ( Obs – Gynec )
Diploma in Advance Laparoscopy.
Consultant Gynecologist,
Smt. N.H.L. Municipal Medical College.
Sheth V. S. General Hospital , Ahmedabad.
Mobile : +91 99099 44160.
E-mail : drshashwatjani@gmail.com

2. Punched cards in storage at a U.S. Federal records
center in 1959. All the data visible here could fit on a
4 GB flash drive (with minimal ZIP compression).
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Dr Shashwat Jani.
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3. Literally thousands of patient records line the walls in the
record room at North Carolina Baptist Hospital. The ladies in
this 1948 picture had a very time consuming and tedious job
of pulling and later refilling patient records on a daily basis.32/11/2017
Dr Shashwat Jani.
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4. Portable Storage Solutions
 Portable storage—a la flash drives and
mini hard drives—might not be the sexiest
technology on the market, but it is one of the
must-haves of this millennium.
 These wildly underappreciated these
devices let you take the files—documents, MP3s,
PowerPoint presentations, and photos—you want
with you anywhere at anytime.
The best part : They're affordable, extremely
easy to use, and incredibly practical.
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5. Secondary storage devices
 Since Primary storage has a limited
storage and is not permanent , We use
secondary storage devices.
 Secondary storage devices are used
to store large amount of data Permanently.
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6. File Sizes
1 KB 1000 Bytes
1 MB 1000 KB
1 GB 1000 MB
1 TB 1000 GB
Storage devices or files sizes are measured in:
Kilobytes (KB), Megabytes (MB), Gigabytes (GB) and
Terabytes (TB)
* 1000
* 1000
* 1000

7. Data Storage Capacity
Floppy Disk
1.4MB
CD-ROM
700MB
DVD
4.7GB
Blu-Ray
25 GB – 128GB
Hard Drive
8 TB
Magnetic Tape
Up to 185 TB
Increase in
storage
capacity
Data storage devices have very
different capacities. Over time the
capacity has increased which has
allowed for more data to be stored:
Data Storage Capacity

8. Direct (Random Access)
• Stores files so that they can instantly be accessed
• No need to search through files to get to the one you want
• Example: DVD, CD ROM, Blu-ray, external hard drive, flash drive
Type of Access
Serial (Sequential Access)
• Files are stored one by one in a sequence
• Must search through the files one by one until you get to the
one you want.
• Example: VHS tape, Cassette Tape, Magnetic Tape
Start 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 End 10
Start 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 End 10
Type of Access

9. Main Memory
• Sometimes known as Internal Memory or primary memory.
• Includes RAM and ROM
• Usually used to store data temporarily (in the case of RAM).
• Usually used to store data while it is being processed by the CPU.
• Is volatile – means data will be lost if computer is turned of.
Backing Storage
• Backing storage some known as secondary storage.
• Name for all other storage devices which are part of a computer like
hard drive.
• Usually used to store data over a long time.
• Usually used to store application software, operating system
software, files etc.
• Is Non-volatile - Means data will not be lost of computer is turned off.
Main Memory Vs Backing Storage

10. Backup
Backup means making one or more copies of your data in a different
storage medium.
Why?
• You could delete a file by accident
• Your computer could break down
• Your computer could get infected by a virus which could edit
data
• Your laptop is stolen or becomes damaged.
• Data could be corrupted by hackers.
• Most businesses use computers to store very important data (customer
records, financial information, designs for products, etc.)
• If this data is lost, then this would cause disruption to the business. Backing-
up business data is essential.

11. What do you mean by external storage devices…???
External storage devices are the devices that temporarily
store information for transporting from computer to
computer.
Such devices are not permanently fixed inside a computer
or can be defined as “ storage devices that are not a
part of computer. ” ( means Poratable devices ).
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12. Advantages of External Storage Devices :
1. Provides additional storage other than that
available in computer.
2. Data can be transported easily from one place
to another.
3. It is useful to store software and data that is
not needed frequently.
4. External storage also works as data back up.
5. This back up may prove useful at times such as
fire or theft because important data is not lost.
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13. Types of external storage
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16. Magnetic Storage Devices
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17. Magnetic Storage Devices Portable
Hard Drive
Access Type: Direct (Random Access)
Advantages: Disadvantages
• Portable – transfer files
between computers.
• High Storage capacity
compared to optical disks.
• More prone to errors than
fixed hard drive.
• Could be damaged if
incorrectly ejected from
computer.
Use: This device connects to the computer using the
USB Port. External Hard drives are used to
store:
• Personal backup data.
• Transfer files between computers/devices
• Magnetic storage media
devices store data in the
form of tiny magnetised
dots.
• These dots are created,
read and erased using
magnetic fields created by
very tiny electromagnets.

18. Magnetic Storage Devices Magnetic
Tapes
Access Type: Serial
Advantages: Disadvantages
• Huge storage capacity
compared to fixed and
portable hard drives.
• Stored away in a fire proof
safe.
• Robust – last for long time
• Slower Access
Tape reader has to start at the
beginning of the tape and
continue fast forwarding until
it gets to the piece of data that
needed.
Use: • Large organisations make daily
backups of their networks on to
Magnetic Tapes
• Long-term archiving of data.
• Magnetic storage media
devices store data in the
form of tiny magnetised
dots.
• These dots are created,
read and erased using
magnetic fields created by
very tiny electromagnets.

19. Optical Media Storage
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20. Optical Media Storage CD-ROM
Use: CD-ROM disks are read-only. CD-ROMs are
normally used to store:
• Audio CDs
• Software Applications
• Device Drivers
• Optical storage devices
save data as patterns or
dots.
• Data is read by
bouncing the laser
beam off the surface off
the medium.
Access Type: Direct
Advantages: Disadvantages
• Hold more data than floppy
disks.
• Cheaper than hard drives
and USBs.
• Compatible with audio
systems.
• Data transfer rate is slower
compared to other storage
medium.
• Not Robust - easily be
damaged or scratched.

21. Optical Media Storage DVD-Rom
Use: DVD-ROMs disks are read-only. DVD-
ROMs are normally used to store:
• DVD Movies
• Software Applications
• Computer Games
• Optical storage
devices save data as
patterns or dots.
• Data is read by
bouncing the laser
beam off the surface
off the medium.
Access Type: Direct
Advantages: Disadvantages
• Hold more data than CD-ROMS.
• Can store larger
applications.
• Videos is higher
resolutions.
• Data transfer rate is
slower compared to
other storage medium.
• Have to buy a separate
DVD player.

22. Optical Media Storage
Blu-Ray
Use: Blu-Ray disks uses a blue laser instead of red
laser used with CD/DVD ROMs. Blu-Ray disks
are normally used to stored:
• HD Movies
• Large Software/Game Applications
• In camcorders in cartridge form.
• Optical storage
devices save data as
patterns or dots.
• Data is read by
bouncing the laser
beam off the surface
off the medium.
Access Type: Direct
Advantages: Disadvantages
• Large storage capacity used to
store HD video content.
• Access Speeds are greater than
other optical medium.
• Secure Encryption System to
minimise chance of copyright.
• More expensive compared to
other optical media.
• Separate player required –
more expensive.
• Not all movie titles available
on Blu-Ray.

23. Solid State Storage
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24. Solid ‘state’
• Solid-state storage devices are based on electronic circuits with no moving parts.
• Solid-state storage devices store data using a special type of memory
called flash memory.
• USB/Memory Cards use Direct Access
Examples USB Memory Stick Memory Card
Uses:
Used to transfer files/backup (work)
between computers.
Used to store files on digital cameras,
mobile phones and mp3 players.
Advantages • Portable & Small
• Robust
• large capacities
• No need for additional
drivers/software
• Very small and can be removed and
placed in other devices.
• Robust
Disadvantages • Easy to loose
• USB could be damaged if not
ejected correctly.
• Smaller storage capacities.
• Quite expensive.

25. Flash Memory
Flash memory is an electronic
(solid-state) non-volatile computer
storage medium , that can be
electrically erased and reprogrammed.
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26. USB FLASH DRIVE
A USB flash drive, also variously known as …
 USB drive,
 USB stick,
 Thumb drive,
 Pen drive,
 Flash-disk,
 USB memory
is a data storage device that includes flash memory
with an integrated USB interface.
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27. • USB flash drives are typically
removable and rewritable, and
physically much smaller than an optical
disc.
• Most weigh less than 30 grams (1.1 oz)
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29.  Since first appearing on the market in late
2000, as with virtually all computer memory devices,
storage capacities have risen while prices have
dropped.
 As of November 2016, flash drives with
anywhere from 8 to 256 GB are frequently sold, and
less frequently 512 GB and 1 TB units.
 Storage capacities as large as 2 TB are planned,
with steady improvements in size and price per
capacity expected.
 Some allow up to 100,000 write/erase cycles,
depending on the exact type of memory chip used,
and have a 10-year shelf storage time.
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30.  USB flash drives are often used for the same
purposes for which floppy disks or CDs were once used, i.e.,
for storage, data back-up and transfer of computer files.
 They are smaller, faster, have thousands of times
more capacity, and are more durable and reliable because
they have no moving parts.
 Additionally, they are immune to electromagnetic
interference (unlike floppy disks), and are unharmed by
surface scratches (unlike CDs).
 Until about 2005, most desktop and laptop
computers were supplied with floppy disk drives in addition
to USB ports, but floppy disk drives have become obsolete
after widespread adoption of USB ports and the larger USB
drive capacity compared to the 1.44 MB 3.5-inch floppy
disk.
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31. Evolution
• USB 1.0 – 1.1
– Maximum transfer rate of 12 mbps
– First appeared on market in 1995 and 1998
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32. Evolution
• Hi-Speed USB or USB 2.0
– released with speeds of 480 mbps.
– Released in 2000
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33. Evolution
• Super-Speed USB or USB 3.0
– predicted speeds of 5 gbps
– Recently released.
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34. Future
• Wireless USB
– connections you will have the same personal security
of wired USB 2.0
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35. USES
 To transport personal data
 The commonest use of USB pen drive is to
transport or store personal files such as
documents, pictures and video.
 One can also store medical alert information
for emergency use or as preparation against
disaster.
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36.  Repairing computer
 Successful usage of USB pen drive has
been noticed in the PC repair field as a means
to transfer recovery and antivirus software to
infected PCs. It also allows a portion of the
host machine's data to be archived in it in case
of emergency.
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37.  System administrators' helper
 System and network administrators find
USB pen drive highly handy to load them with
configuration information and software used
for system maintenance, troubleshooting, and
recovery. Such use of this portable device
makes it popular among them.
 As an application carrier
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38. In the medical Field…
 Storage & transfer of patient data for
hospital management.
 Storage & transfer of videos and pictures
of operative findings & operative procedures.
 To keep record of rare and interesting
cases.
 Keep medical pendrive ready….
 Try to keep all record in digital format
( GO PAPER LESS ).
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39. Most important is….
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40. Duration of Storage
• Estimation of flash memory endurance
is a challenging subject that depends on
the Single level cell SLC/MLC/TLC memory
type, size of the flash memory chips, and
actual usage pattern.
• As a result, a USB flash drive can last
from a few days to several hundred years.
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41. Conveniences
• Use little power, have no fragile moving parts,
and for most capacities are small and light.
• Data stored on flash drives is resistant to
mechanical shock, magnetic fields, scratches and
dust. These properties make them suitable for
transporting data from place to place and keeping
the data readily at hand.
• Specially manufactured flash drives are
available that have a tough rubber or metal casing
designed to be waterproof and virtually
"unbreakable". These flash drives retain their
memory after being submerged in water, and even
through a machine wash…!!!
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42. • Flash drives also store data
densely compared to many removable
media.
• In mid-2009, 256 GB drives became
available, with the ability to hold many
times more data than a DVD (54 DVDs)
or even a Blu-ray disc (10 BDs)
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43. External Hard Drive
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44. External Hard Drive
• External hard disk drives typically connect
via USB; variants using USB 2.0 interface
generally have slower data transfer rates when
compared to internally mounted hard drives
connected through SATA.
• Plug and play drive functionality offers
system compatibility and features large
storage options and portable design.
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45. Storage capacity
Available capacities for external
hard disk drives ranged from 500
GB to 8 TB.
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46. Cloud Storage
Cloud storage means “ the storage of data
online in the cloud,“ where in a data is stored in and
accessible from multiple distributed and connected
resources that comprise a cloud.
Cloud storage can provide the benefits of
greater accessibility and reliability; rapid
deployment; strong protection for data backup,
archival and disaster recovery purposes.
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47. Examples:
• Google Drive
• Flickr
• Microsoft SkyDrive
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48. OTG Pendrive
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49. OTG Pendrive
• USB On-The-Go (OTG) is a standardized
specification for USB connections that allows a
device to read data from a USB connection
without requiring a PC. The device is basically
becoming a “USB Host”, which isn’t an ability
every gadget has.
• Mobile storage capacity increases.
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Dr Shashwat Jani.
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